CN113216929B - Method and equipment for measuring rock and soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting - Google Patents
Method and equipment for measuring rock and soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting Download PDFInfo
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- CN113216929B CN113216929B CN202110473998.7A CN202110473998A CN113216929B CN 113216929 B CN113216929 B CN 113216929B CN 202110473998 A CN202110473998 A CN 202110473998A CN 113216929 B CN113216929 B CN 113216929B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/005—Testing the nature of borehole walls or the formation by using drilling mud or cutting data
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and equipment for measuring rock and soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting. The method comprises the following steps: applying bipolar pulse signals between the drill rod and the reference electrode, measuring voltage and current, and obtaining a first resistance value of the periphery of the drill hole and a second resistance value between different drilling depths and the reference electrode in the drilling process; obtaining the water content of the rock-soil body according to the polarizability, obtaining rock-soil mechanical parameters according to the drilling machine and the slurry drilling parameters, and determining the space electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body according to the azimuth of the reference electrode; identifying stratum information between the drill bit and the reference electrode according to the first resistance value and the second resistance value, and obtaining three-dimensional resistivity of stratum around the drill hole according to analysis results corresponding to the reference electrodes in different directions; and acquiring the polarizability under different depth conditions, and if the polarizability is equal to the three-dimensional resistivity, determining that the water imparting property is in accordance with the three-dimensional resistivity of the rock-soil body. The invention can obtain the rock-soil body parameter information around the drilling hole with lower cost.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster prevention and control, in particular to a method and equipment for measuring rock and soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting.
Background
Drilling is a reliable and necessary conventional technical means in engineering geological investigation, and can acquire the relevant geological record data of a drilling point. However, the drilling reveals only rock-soil parameter information on the drilling axis, so that surrounding rock-soil mass cannot be reliably deduced, a 'one-hole' often exists, the condition of the rock-soil mass can be misjudged by simply utilizing the drilling information, and engineering disasters such as water and mud gushing of a tunnel are caused. Therefore, the development of the method and the equipment for measuring the rock and soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting can effectively overcome the defects in the related technology, and is a technical problem to be solved in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a method and equipment for measuring the rock and soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for measuring a soil-while-drilling parameter based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, including: applying bipolar pulse signals between the drill rod and the reference electrode, measuring voltage and current at the same time, and obtaining a first resistance value of the periphery of the drill hole according to the rock-soil body voltage and current signals; obtaining the water content of the rock-soil body according to the polarizability, obtaining rock-soil mechanical parameters according to drilling machine and slurry drilling parameters, determining the space electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body according to the azimuth of the reference electrode, and obtaining second resistance values between different drilling depths and the reference electrode in the drilling process according to the rock-soil body voltage and current signals; identifying stratum information between the drill bit and the reference electrode according to the first resistance value and the second resistance value, and obtaining three-dimensional resistivity of stratum around the drill hole according to analysis results corresponding to the reference electrodes in different directions; and acquiring the polarizability under different depth conditions, and if the polarizability accords with the three-dimensional resistivity, determining that the water imparting property accords with the three-dimensional resistivity of the rock-soil body.
Based on the embodiment content of the method, the method for measuring the rock and soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises the following steps: and carrying out electromagnetic test on the artificial soil-piling stratum and typical rock with known mechanical properties, wherein an electromagnetic test result provides basis for subsequent electromagnetic parameter analysis.
Based on the embodiment of the method, the method for measuring the parameter of the rock and soil while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided by the embodiment of the invention obtains the first resistance value of the periphery of the drill hole according to the voltage and current signals of the rock and soil body, and comprises the following steps: and obtaining a current and voltage mixing curve along with the drilling depth and the incremental change trend of the current and voltage of each two along with the drilling spacing, and obtaining a first resistance value of the rock-soil body between the drill rod and the reference electrode.
Based on the embodiment of the method, the method for measuring the rock-soil while drilling parameter based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided by the embodiment of the invention, wherein the method for determining the space electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body according to the azimuth of the reference electrode comprises the following steps: and determining the space electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body from point to surface and from surface to body according to the position of the reference electrode.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based measurement while drilling geotechnical parameter measurement system, which is configured to implement the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based measurement while drilling geotechnical parameter measurement method according to any one of the first aspect, including: the drill rod is used for drilling into a rock-soil body; the relay is used for connecting the negative electrode of the electromagnetic parameter detection device with the reference electrode; a reference electrode for measuring the current and voltage flowing between the drill rod and the reference electrode, and the increment of the current and voltage; and the electromagnetic parameter detection device is used for collecting excitation voltage and current signals between the drill rod and the reference electrode.
On the basis of the embodiment of the system, the system for measuring the rock and soil parameters while drilling based on the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided by the embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the drill rod is used as one end of an electrode of the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, the positive electrode of an excitation pulse power supply in the electromagnetic parameter detection device is connected to the drill rod, the negative electrode of the excitation pulse power supply is connected to reference electrodes around a drill hole through a switching relay, the drill rod drills into rock and soil bodies of stratum with different depths, current wires are led into the reference electrodes arranged around the drill hole, and the electromagnetic parameters while drilling of the rock and soil bodies between the drill rod and the reference electrodes around the drill hole are synchronously acquired and recorded in real time through the electromagnetic parameter detection device.
On the basis of the embodiment content of the system, the system for measuring the soil and rock parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided in the embodiment of the invention is characterized by comprising the following components: the number of the reference electrodes is a plurality, and the reference electrodes are outwards scattered by taking the drilling holes as the center.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for measuring a parameter of earth while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, including: the first main module is used for applying bipolar pulse signals between the drill rod and the reference electrode, measuring voltage and current at the same time, and obtaining a first resistance value of the periphery of the drill hole according to the rock-soil body voltage and current signals; the second main module is used for obtaining the water content of the rock-soil body according to the polarizability, obtaining rock-soil mechanical parameters according to the drilling machine and the slurry drilling parameters, determining the space electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body according to the azimuth of the reference electrode, and obtaining second resistance values between different drilling depths and the reference electrode in the drilling process according to the rock-soil body voltage and current signals; the third main module is used for identifying stratum information between the drill bit and the reference electrode according to the first resistance value and the second resistance value, and obtaining the three-dimensional resistivity of stratum around the drilling hole according to analysis results corresponding to the reference electrodes in different directions; and the fourth main module is used for acquiring the polarizability under different depth conditions, and if the polarizability accords with the three-dimensional resistivity, determining that the water imparting property accords with the three-dimensional resistivity of the rock-soil body.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including:
at least one processor; and
at least one memory communicatively coupled to the processor, wherein:
the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, and the processor invokes the program instructions to perform the method for measuring the while-drilling geotechnical parameters based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided in any one of the various implementation manners of the first aspect.
In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that cause a computer to perform the method for measuring a geotechnical parameter while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided in any one of the various implementations of the first aspect.
According to the method and the device for measuring the rock and soil parameters while drilling based on the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, the drill rod, the reference electrode, the relay and the electromagnetic parameter detection device are integrated in a system, and the corresponding method for measuring the rock and soil parameters while drilling based on the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting is adopted for measuring the rock and soil parameters, so that the rock and soil parameter information around a drill hole can be effectively obtained at low cost, misjudgment on the condition of the rock and soil body is avoided, the risk of disasters such as water and mud gushing of the rock and soil body is reduced, and the method and the device have the characteristics of portability and convenience in field operation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief description will be given below of the drawings required for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without any inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a measurement method of a rock and soil parameter while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for measuring a parameter of rock and soil while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an entity structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for measuring parameters of rock and soil while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a bipolar pulse signal square wave according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of each embodiment or the single embodiment provided by the invention can be combined with each other at will to form a feasible technical scheme, and the combination is not limited by the sequence of steps and/or the structural composition mode, but is necessarily based on the fact that a person of ordinary skill in the art can realize the combination, and when the technical scheme is contradictory or can not realize, the combination of the technical scheme is not considered to exist and is not within the protection scope of the invention claimed.
The method comprises the steps of adopting an electromagnetic geophysical prospecting technical means, taking a drill rod of a drilling machine as an electrode of the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, uniformly arranging a plurality of reference electrodes around a drill hole, applying electromagnetic pulse excitation to the drill rod and the reference electrodes, detecting current and voltage parameters of alternating current and direct current along with the increase of the depth of penetration of the drill rod, and calculating apparent resistivity, polarization rate and change increment of the earth and the stratum of different depths. Because the reference electrode has azimuth information, current always flows along the lowest resistance direction according to ohm's law, and a stratum surface electromagnetic distribution characteristic can be reconstructed according to stratum electromagnetic parameters and azimuth information of the same depth. With the increase of drill rod footage and measurement while drilling, the spatial information of the stratum can be completely reconstructed. Based on the idea, the embodiment of the invention provides a measurement method of the rock and soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, which comprises the following steps of: applying bipolar pulse signals between the drill rod and the reference electrode, measuring voltage and current at the same time, and obtaining a first resistance value of the periphery of the drill hole according to the rock-soil body voltage and current signals; obtaining the water content of the rock-soil body according to the polarizability, obtaining rock-soil mechanical parameters according to drilling machine and slurry drilling parameters, determining the space electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body according to the azimuth of the reference electrode, and obtaining second resistance values between different drilling depths and the reference electrode in the drilling process according to the rock-soil body voltage and current signals; identifying stratum information between the drill bit and the reference electrode according to the first resistance value and the second resistance value, and obtaining three-dimensional resistivity of stratum around the drill hole according to analysis results corresponding to the reference electrodes in different directions; and acquiring the polarizability under different depth conditions, and if the polarizability accords with the three-dimensional resistivity, determining that the water imparting property accords with the three-dimensional resistivity of the rock-soil body.
Based on the content of the method embodiment, as an optional embodiment, the method for measuring the while-drilling geotechnical parameters based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided in the embodiment of the invention further includes: and carrying out electromagnetic test on the artificial soil-piling stratum and typical rock with known mechanical properties, wherein an electromagnetic test result provides basis for subsequent electromagnetic parameter analysis.
Based on the foregoing disclosure of the foregoing method embodiment, as an optional embodiment, the method for measuring a while-drilling geotechnical parameter based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting according to the embodiment of the present invention, where the obtaining a first resistance value of a borehole periphery according to a geotechnical body voltage and current signal includes: and obtaining a current and voltage mixing curve along with the drilling depth and the incremental change trend of the current and voltage of each two along with the drilling spacing, and obtaining a first resistance value of the rock-soil body between the drill rod and the reference electrode.
Based on the foregoing disclosure of the method embodiment, as an optional embodiment, the method for measuring a while-drilling geotechnical parameter based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided in the embodiment of the present invention, where the determining spatial electromagnetic characteristic information of a geotechnical body according to a position of a reference electrode includes: and determining the space electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body from point to surface and from surface to body according to the position of the reference electrode.
According to the method for measuring the rock and soil parameters while drilling based on the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, the drill rod, the reference electrode, the relay and the electromagnetic parameter detection device are integrated in a system, and the corresponding method for measuring the rock and soil parameters while drilling based on the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting is adopted for measuring the rock and soil parameters, so that the rock and soil parameter information around a drill hole can be effectively obtained at a lower cost, the misjudgment on the condition of the rock and soil body is avoided, the risk of disasters such as water and mud gushing of the rock and soil body is reduced, and the method has the characteristics of portability and convenience in field operation.
The method for measuring the parameters of the rock and soil while drilling based on the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting is suitable for advanced support under geological disasters or defect conditions, and is particularly suitable for the method for measuring the parameters of the electromagnetic parameters while drilling for the advanced support of weak rock formations, crack water development or water-rich sections, and comprises the following specific implementation steps:
A. applying bipolar pulse signals (shown in figure 5) between a drill rod and reference electrodes or reference electrodes around a drill hole by adopting an alternating-current electric method mode, taking the drill rod of a drilling machine as one end of an electrode of an electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, taking the reference electrode or the reference electrode arranged around the drill hole as the other end of a ground plane, connecting an exciting pulse power supply anode in an electromagnetic parameter detection device to the drill rod, connecting an exciting pulse power supply cathode to the reference electrode or the reference electrode through a switching relay, drilling different depths along with the drill rod, forming current lines in different rock-soil layers between the drill rod and the reference electrode or the reference electrode by current, measuring voltage and current in the rock-soil body, calculating the resistance value of the current flowing through the rock-soil body between the drill rod and the reference electrode or the reference electrode, and measuring the water-rich degree of the rock-soil body by calculating the polarization rate;
B. the whole test process is to measure primary current and voltage signals according to drill rod penetration distances of 10cm or less, calculate the I/V curve of the current/voltage of the whole while-drilling depth and the increment change trend of the current and voltage of each measurement distance, synthesize mechanical parameters, so that the layering information of the rock-soil body can be estimated accurately, and then the whole space information of the whole rock-soil body from point to surface and from surface to body can be determined totally according to the azimuth information of the reference electrode or the reference electrode;
C. in the measuring process, 4, 8 or 16 reference electrodes can be uniformly arranged around the drill hole along the north-south direction, and the current and the voltage of the rock-soil body between the drill rod and the reference electrodes and the increment change thereof are measured in a polling way, so that the electromagnetic characteristic parameters of the whole rock-soil body in the whole space can be calculated and calculated;
D. in terms of the physical principle of the mechanical characteristic parameters and the electromagnetic characteristics of the rock-soil body, the correlation exists certainly, the characteristic parameters in the two aspects are combined, the rock-soil body can reconstruct two-dimensional to three-dimensional visual imaging, and the whole information is more visual and reliable;
E. according to the space information of the existing single drilling rock-soil body, the drilling positions can be selectively and pertinently laid out, and the key drilling can be carried out at the positions needing to be concerned, such as the positions where geological disasters and defects possibly exist. The number of the exploratory holes can be effectively reduced, the construction progress is quickened, and the investigation cost of the rock-soil body is reduced.
The measurement and calculation of the resistivity of the rock-soil body comprises the following steps: the electromagnetic parameter detection device comprises an excitation pulse power supply, wherein the positive electrode of the power supply is connected to a drill rod for detecting the drilling hole, and the negative electrode of the power supply is connected to a reference electrode around the drilling hole through a switching relay. And measuring current/voltage signals between the drill rod and the reference electrode in real time and transient processes thereof, and calculating electromagnetic parameters of the rock-soil body, including steady-state direct-current resistance, alternating-current resistance and polarization rate parameters. The electric signal measurement and control of the measuring module has high resolution, at least reaches more than 24 bits, and the sampling rate is about 1KHz, because the drilling footage speed is not too high.
Technical index requirements of the excitation pulse power supply include: the amplitude and frequency of the excitation pulse power supply can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the rock and soil body and the measurement depth. If the resistivity of the rock-soil body is high, the water-rich ratio is low, the amplitude of the excitation pulse voltage can be higher, and conversely, the amplitude of the excitation pulse voltage is lower. The pulse power supply frequency is selected according to the drilling depth, the rock-soil body depth is penetrated by low frequency and the shallow depth is measured by high frequency according to the principle of sounding by using a geophysical prospecting method. The frequency range is approximately in the order of a few tenths of hertz to 1 KHz.
The measurement and calculation of the polarization rate of the rock-soil body of the drilling comprises the following steps: the polarization rate of the rock-soil body is measured in the borehole, and when the rock-soil body passes through a certain current, a series of electrochemical processes can occur and electromotive force is generated, and the phenomenon is called polarization effect excitation. The induced polarization effect of a rock-soil body is a manifestation of its electrochemical properties. It is an effect that is related to the chemical composition of the rock ore, the mineral structure and the nature of the surrounding rock solution. Observing this effect, different lithologies can be divided along the depth of the borehole. The magnitude of the induced polarization effect is evaluated as the polarization ratio, expressed as a percentage value of the polarization field and the total induced field (η=Δu2/Δu). Borehole polarization detection typically also measures resistivity and natural potential parameters simultaneously. The layering information of the rock-soil body is more clear and clear through the measurement and calculation of the polarization rates of the rock-soil body with different depths of the drilled holes, and the comprehensive mechanical parameters are more mutually verified.
The calculation of the incremental change in the resistivity of the rock mass includes: a certain voltage and current are applied, and the ratio of the voltage to the current is calculated, which is the reaction of the comprehensive resistance between the drill rod depth direction and the reference electrode. As the depth of the borehole increases, the corresponding overall resistance becomes smaller. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the incremental changes (η=Δu/Δi) of the measured current and voltage with increasing unit depth. This incremental change reflects the change in resistance as the drill footage is drilled into the associated formation, the footage to high resistance formations, and the incremental change becomes smaller. Otherwise, the increment is increased by the depth to the low-resistance rock stratum. If the data of the resistivity characteristics of the existing rock-soil body are integrated, the type of the rock-soil body between the drill rod and the corresponding reference electrode can be analyzed and judged. If the data corresponding to the reference electrodes in different orientations are comprehensively considered again at the same drilling depth, the plane information of the whole stratum can be obtained and reconstructed.
The establishment of the rock-soil body resistivity characteristic parameter database comprises the following steps: the resistivity parameters of various existing rocks are mostly measured by manufacturing standard samples in a laboratory and are necessarily different from parameters under the in-situ stress test effect. Thus, a typical formation topography can be selected, sufficient sample data collected, and an electromagnetic parameter database based on the in situ rock-soil body while drilling can be established.
The rock-soil body while-drilling electromagnetic parameter acquisition consists of a drill rod, a reference electrode and an electromagnetic parameter detection device. The electromagnetic parameter detection device comprises an excitation pulse power supply, the positive electrode of the power supply is connected to a drill rod for detecting a drill hole, the negative electrode of the power supply is connected to a reference electrode around the drill hole through a switching relay, excitation voltage and current signals between the drill rod and the reference electrode and transient processes of the excitation voltage and current signals are collected in real time, and electromagnetic parameters of a rock-soil body are calculated, wherein the electromagnetic parameters comprise steady-state direct-current resistance, alternating-current resistance and polarization ratio parameters. The amplitude and frequency of the excitation pulse power supply can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the rock and soil body and the measurement depth, if the resistivity of the rock and soil body is high, the water-rich content is low, the amplitude of the excitation pulse voltage can be higher, and otherwise, the amplitude of the excitation pulse voltage is lower. The pulse power supply frequency is selected according to the drilling depth, the rock-soil body depth is penetrated by low frequency and the shallow depth is measured by high frequency according to the principle of sounding by using a geophysical prospecting method. Based on this consideration, the embodiment of the present invention provides an electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based measurement while drilling geotechnical parameter measurement system for implementing the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based measurement while drilling geotechnical parameter measurement method according to any one of the foregoing method embodiments, referring to fig. 4, the system includes: a drill rod 4 for drilling into (inserting from ground level into) a rock-soil body; a relay 6 for connecting (switching connection) the negative electrode of the electromagnetic parameter detection apparatus with a reference electrode; a reference electrode 1 and a reference electrode 2 for measuring the current and voltage flowing between the drill rod and the reference electrode, and the increment of the current and voltage; and the electromagnetic parameter detection device 3 is used for collecting excitation voltage and current signals between the drill rod 4 and the reference electrode 1.
Referring to fig. 4, based on the content of the embodiment of the system, as an alternative embodiment, the system for measuring the parameters of rock and soil while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided in the embodiment of the invention, wherein the drill 4 is used as one end of an electrode of the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, the positive electrode of an excitation pulse power supply in the electromagnetic parameter detection device 3 is connected to the drill rod 4, the negative electrode is connected to the reference electrode 1 around the drill hole through the switching relay 6, the drill rod 4 drills into rock and soil bodies with different depths, the current wire 5 is led into the reference electrode 1 arranged around the drill hole, and the electromagnetic characteristic parameters while drilling of the rock and soil bodies between the drill rod 4 and the reference electrode 1 around the drill hole are synchronously acquired and recorded in real time through the electromagnetic parameter detection device 3.
Based on the foregoing disclosure of the system embodiment, as an optional embodiment, the system for measuring a soil while drilling parameter based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided in the embodiment of the present invention, according to claim 5, is characterized by comprising: the number of the reference electrodes is a plurality, and the reference electrodes are outwards scattered by taking the drilling holes as the center.
Specifically, in the electromagnetic parameter measurement process, 4, 8 or 16 reference electrodes can be uniformly distributed along the north-south direction around a drilling hole, and the current and the voltage between a drill rod and the reference electrodes and the increment change of the current and the voltage are measured once; the electromagnetic parameter detection device is used for collecting excitation voltage and current signals between the drill rod and the reference electrode.
The implementation basis of the embodiments of the present invention is realized by a device with a processor function to perform programmed processing. Therefore, in engineering practice, the technical solutions and the functions of the embodiments of the present invention can be packaged into various modules. Based on the actual situation, on the basis of the above embodiments, the embodiment of the present invention provides a device for measuring a while-drilling geotechnical parameter based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, which is used for executing the method for measuring the while-drilling geotechnical parameter based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting in the method embodiment. Referring to fig. 2, the apparatus includes: the first main module is used for applying bipolar pulse signals between the drill rod and the reference electrode, measuring voltage and current at the same time, and obtaining a first resistance value of the periphery of the drill hole according to the rock-soil body voltage and current signals; the second main module is used for obtaining the water content of the rock-soil body according to the polarizability, obtaining rock-soil mechanical parameters according to the drilling machine and the slurry drilling parameters, determining the space electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body according to the azimuth of the reference electrode, and obtaining second resistance values between different drilling depths and the reference electrode in the drilling process according to the rock-soil body voltage and current signals; the third main module is used for identifying stratum information between the drill bit and the reference electrode according to the first resistance value and the second resistance value, and obtaining the three-dimensional resistivity of stratum around the drilling hole according to analysis results corresponding to the reference electrodes in different directions; and the fourth main module is used for acquiring the polarizability under different depth conditions, and if the polarizability accords with the three-dimensional resistivity, determining that the water imparting property accords with the three-dimensional resistivity of the rock-soil body.
According to the device for measuring the rock and soil parameters while drilling based on the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the plurality of modules in the figure 2 are adopted, the drill rod, the reference electrode, the relay and the electromagnetic parameter detection device are subjected to system integration, and the corresponding method for measuring the rock and soil parameters while drilling based on the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting is adopted for measuring the rock and soil parameters, so that the rock and soil parameter information around a drilled hole can be effectively obtained at low cost, misjudgment on the condition of the rock and soil is avoided, the risk of occurrence of disasters such as water burst and mud burst of the rock and soil is reduced, and the device has the characteristics of portability and convenience in field operation.
It should be noted that, the device in the device embodiment provided by the present invention may be used to implement the method in the above method embodiment, and may also be used to implement the method in other method embodiments provided by the present invention, where the difference is merely that the corresponding functional module is provided, and the principle is basically the same as that of the above device embodiment provided by the present invention, so long as a person skilled in the art refers to a specific technical solution in the above device embodiment based on the above device embodiment, and obtains a corresponding technical means by combining technical features, and a technical solution formed by these technical means, and on the premise that the technical solution is ensured to have practicability, the device in the above device embodiment may be modified, so as to obtain a corresponding device embodiment, and be used to implement the method in other method embodiment. For example:
based on the content of the embodiment of the device, as an optional embodiment, the device for measuring the soil-while-drilling parameter based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided in the embodiment of the invention further includes: the first sub-module is used for carrying out electromagnetic test on the artificial soil-piling stratum and typical rock with known mechanical properties, and the electromagnetic test result provides basis for subsequent electromagnetic parameter analysis.
Based on the content of the embodiment of the device, as an optional embodiment, the device for measuring the soil-while-drilling parameter based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided in the embodiment of the invention further includes: and the second sub-module is used for acquiring a current and voltage mixing curve along with the drilling depth and the incremental change trend of the current and voltage along with the drilling interval, so as to obtain a first resistance value of the rock-soil body between the drill rod and the reference electrode.
Based on the content of the embodiment of the device, as an optional embodiment, the device for measuring the soil-while-drilling parameter based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided in the embodiment of the invention further includes: and the third sub-module is used for determining the space electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body from point to surface and from surface to surface according to the position of the reference electrode.
The method of the embodiment of the invention is realized by the electronic equipment, so that the related electronic equipment is necessary to be introduced. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, as shown in fig. 3, including: at least one processor (processor), a communication interface (Communications Interface), at least one memory (memory) and a communication bus, wherein the at least one processor, the communication interface, and the at least one memory communicate with each other via the communication bus. The at least one processor may invoke logic instructions in the at least one memory to perform all or part of the steps of the methods provided by the various method embodiments described above.
Further, the logic instructions in at least one of the memories described above may be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (R0M), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platforms, or of course may be implemented by means of hardware. Based on this understanding, the foregoing technical solution may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the respective embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
The flowcharts and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. Based on this knowledge, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
In this patent, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises the element.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The method for measuring the rock and soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting is characterized by comprising the following steps of: applying bipolar pulse signals between the drill rod and the reference electrode, measuring voltage and current at the same time, and obtaining a first resistance value of the periphery of the drill hole according to the rock-soil body voltage and current signals, wherein a current and voltage mixing curve along with the depth of the drill hole and increment change trend of each two currents and voltages along with the distance between the drill hole are obtained, and the first resistance value of the rock-soil body between the drill rod and the reference electrode is obtained; obtaining the water content of the rock-soil body according to the polarizability, obtaining rock-soil mechanical parameters according to the drilling machine and the slurry drilling parameters, determining the space electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body according to the azimuth of the reference electrode, and obtaining second resistance values between different drilling depths and the reference electrode in the drilling process according to the voltage and current signals of the rock-soil body; identifying stratum information between the drill bit and the reference electrode according to the first resistance value and the second resistance value, and obtaining three-dimensional resistivity of stratum around the drill hole according to analysis results corresponding to the reference electrodes in different directions; and acquiring the polarizability under different depth conditions, if the polarizability accords with the three-dimensional resistivity, determining that the water imparting property accords with the three-dimensional resistivity of the rock-soil body, and ensuring that layering information of the rock-soil body is more clear and clear through the polarizability and comprehensive mechanical parameters are mutually verified.
2. The method for measuring the parameter of the rock and soil while drilling based on the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting according to claim 1, further comprising: and carrying out electromagnetic test on the artificial soil-piling stratum and typical rock with known mechanical properties, wherein an electromagnetic test result provides basis for subsequent electromagnetic parameter analysis.
3. The method for measuring the rock-soil while drilling parameter based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting according to claim 1, wherein the determining the spatial electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body according to the orientation of the reference electrode comprises: and determining the space electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body from point to surface and from surface to body according to the position of the reference electrode.
4. A system for measuring a soil-while-drilling parameter based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting for implementing a method for measuring a soil-while-drilling parameter based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising: the drill rod is used for drilling into a rock-soil body; the relay is used for connecting the negative electrode of the electromagnetic parameter detection device with the reference electrode; a reference electrode for measuring the current and voltage flowing between the drill rod and the reference electrode, and the increment of the current and voltage; and the electromagnetic parameter detection device is used for collecting excitation voltage and current signals between the drill rod and the reference electrode.
5. The system for measuring the rock and soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting according to claim 4, wherein the drill rod is used as one end of an electrode of the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, an exciting pulse power supply in the electromagnetic parameter detection device is connected with the drill rod at the positive end, the negative end is connected with a reference electrode around a drill hole through a switching relay, the drill rod drills into rock and soil bodies of stratum with different depths, current wires are led into the reference electrode around the drill hole, and the electromagnetic characteristic parameters while drilling of the rock and soil bodies between the drill rod and the reference electrode around the drill hole are synchronously acquired and recorded in real time through the electromagnetic parameter detection device.
6. The electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based rock and soil while drilling parameter measuring system according to claim 4, comprising: the number of the reference electrodes is a plurality, and the reference electrodes are outwards scattered by taking the drilling holes as the center.
7. The utility model provides a while drilling ground parameter measurement device based on electromagnetism geophysical prospecting which characterized in that includes: the first main module is used for applying bipolar pulse signals between the drill rod and the reference electrode, measuring voltage and current at the same time, and obtaining a first resistance value of the periphery of the drill hole according to the voltage and current signals of the rock-soil body, wherein a current and voltage mixing curve along with the depth of the drill hole and increment change trend of the current and voltage along with the distance between every two drill holes are obtained, and the first resistance value of the rock-soil body between the drill rod and the reference electrode is obtained; the second main module is used for obtaining the water content of the rock-soil body according to the polarizability, obtaining rock-soil mechanical parameters according to the drilling machine and the slurry drilling parameters, determining the space electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body according to the azimuth of the reference electrode, and obtaining second resistance values between different drilling depths and the reference electrode in the drilling process according to the rock-soil body voltage and current signals; the third main module is used for identifying stratum information between the drill bit and the reference electrode according to the first resistance value and the second resistance value, and obtaining the three-dimensional resistivity of stratum around the drilling hole according to analysis results corresponding to the reference electrodes in different directions; and the fourth main module is used for acquiring the polarizability under different depth conditions, if the polarizability accords with the three-dimensional resistivity, determining that the water-imparting property accords with the three-dimensional resistivity of the rock-soil body, and ensuring that the layering information of the rock-soil body is more clear and clear through the polarizability and comprehensive mechanical parameters mutually.
8. An electronic device, comprising:
at least one processor, at least one memory, and a communication interface; wherein,
the processor, the memory and the communication interface are communicated with each other;
the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, the processor invoking the program instructions to perform the method of any of claims 1-3.
9. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions that cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 3.
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