CN113216929A - Method and device for measuring rock and soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring rock and soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/005—Testing the nature of borehole walls or the formation by using drilling mud or cutting data
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and equipment for measuring rock and soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting. The method comprises the following steps: applying a bipolar pulse signal between the drill rod and the reference electrode, measuring voltage and current, and obtaining a first resistance value at the periphery of the drill hole and a second resistance value between different drilling depths and the reference electrode in the drilling process; obtaining the water content of the rock-soil body according to the polarizability, obtaining rock-soil mechanical parameters according to drilling machine and slurry drilling parameters, and determining the spatial electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body according to the orientation of the reference electrode; identifying formation information between the drill bit and the reference electrode according to the first resistance value and the second resistance value, and obtaining three-dimensional resistivity of the formation around the drill hole according to analysis results corresponding to the reference electrodes in different directions; and obtaining the polarizability under different depths, and if the polarizability is equal to the three-dimensional resistivity, determining that the water-endowing property accords with the three-dimensional resistivity of the rock and soil body. The method can acquire the parameter information of the rock and soil mass around the drill hole at lower cost.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster prevention and control, in particular to a method and equipment for measuring rock and soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting.
Background
Drilling is a reliable and necessary conventional technical means in engineering geological exploration, and related geological record data of a drilling point can be obtained. However, only the geotechnical parameter information on the axis of the drill hole is revealed by the drill hole, the drill hole cannot reliably push the surrounding geotechnical bodies, so that 'one hole' is often found, and the condition of the geotechnical bodies can be misjudged by simply utilizing the drill hole information, so that engineering disasters such as water burst and mud burst in the tunnel are caused. Therefore, it is an urgent technical problem in the art to develop a method and a device for measuring while-drilling geotechnical parameters based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, which can effectively overcome the above-mentioned defects in the related art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a method and equipment for measuring rock and soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for measuring while-drilling geotechnical parameters based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, including: applying a bipolar pulse signal between the drill rod and the reference electrode, measuring voltage and current at the same time, and obtaining a first resistance value at the periphery of a drilled hole according to the rock-soil body voltage and current signals; obtaining the water content of a rock-soil body according to the polarizability, obtaining rock-soil mechanical parameters according to drilling parameters of a drilling machine and mud, determining spatial electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body according to the orientation of a reference electrode, and obtaining second resistance values between different drilling depths and the reference electrode in the drilling process according to voltage and current signals of the rock-soil body; identifying formation information between the drill bit and the reference electrode according to the first resistance value and the second resistance value, and obtaining three-dimensional resistivity of the formation around the drill hole according to analysis results corresponding to the reference electrodes in different directions; and obtaining the polarizability under different depths, and if the polarizability is equal to the three-dimensional resistivity, determining that the water-endowing property accords with the three-dimensional resistivity of the rock and soil body.
On the basis of the content of the embodiment of the method, the method for measuring the rock and soil parameters while drilling based on the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, provided by the embodiment of the invention, further comprises the following steps: and performing electromagnetic test on the artificial mound stratum and the typical rock with known mechanical properties, wherein the electromagnetic test result provides a basis for subsequent electromagnetic parameter analysis.
On the basis of the content of the embodiment of the method, the method for measuring the rock-soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps of obtaining a first resistance value around a drill hole according to a rock-soil body voltage signal and a current signal: and acquiring a current and voltage mixed curve of the depth of the drilling-while-drilling holes and the incremental change trend of the current and the voltage of the interval between every two drilling-while-drilling holes to obtain a first resistance value of the rock-soil body between the drill rod and the reference electrode.
On the basis of the content of the embodiment of the method, the method for measuring the rock-soil parameters while drilling based on the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, comprises the following steps of: and determining the spatial electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body from point to surface and from surface to body according to the orientation of the reference electrode.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based while-drilling geotechnical parameter measurement system, which is used for implementing the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based while-drilling geotechnical parameter measurement method according to any embodiment of the first aspect, and includes: the drill rod is used for drilling a rock-soil body; the relay is used for connecting the negative electrode of the electromagnetic parameter detection device with the reference electrode; a reference electrode for measuring current and voltage flowing between the drill pipe and the reference electrode, and increments of the current and voltage; and the electromagnetic parameter detection device is used for acquiring excitation voltage and current signals between the drill rod and the reference electrode.
On the basis of the content of the system embodiment, the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based while-drilling geotechnical parameter measuring system provided by the embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a drill rod is used as one end of an electrode of the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, the positive electrode of an excitation pulse power supply in an electromagnetic parameter detection device is connected to the drill rod, the negative electrode of the excitation pulse power supply is connected to a reference electrode around the drill hole through a switching relay, the drill rod drills rock-soil bodies in different depths, current lines are led into the reference electrodes arranged around the drill hole, and the electromagnetic parameter detection device synchronously acquires and records the while-drilling electromagnetic characteristic parameters of the rock-soil bodies between the drill rod and the reference electrodes around the drill hole in real time.
On the basis of the above system embodiment, the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based while-drilling geotechnical parameter measurement system provided in the embodiment of the present invention is the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based while-drilling geotechnical parameter measurement system according to claim 5, which includes: the number of the reference electrodes is several, and the reference electrodes are distributed outwards in a scattering shape by taking the drill hole as a center.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based device for measuring while-drilling geotechnical parameters, including: the first main module is used for applying a bipolar pulse signal between the drill rod and the reference electrode, measuring voltage and current at the same time, and obtaining a first resistance value around a drill hole according to the rock-soil body voltage and current signals; the second main module is used for obtaining the water content of the rock-soil mass according to the polarizability, obtaining rock-soil mechanical parameters according to drilling parameters of the drilling machine and mud, determining spatial electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil mass according to the orientation of the reference electrode, and obtaining second resistance values between different drilling depths and the reference electrode in the drilling process according to voltage and current signals of the rock-soil mass; the third main module is used for identifying formation information between the drill bit and the reference electrode according to the first resistance value and the second resistance value, and obtaining three-dimensional resistivity of the formation around the drill hole according to analysis results corresponding to the reference electrodes in different directions; and the fourth main module is used for acquiring polarizability under different depths, and if the polarizability is equal to the three-dimensional resistivity, determining that the water-endowing property accords with the three-dimensional resistivity of the rock and soil mass.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including:
at least one processor; and
at least one memory communicatively coupled to the processor, wherein:
the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, and the processor calls the program instructions to execute the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based while-drilling geotechnical parameter measurement method provided by any one of the various implementation manners of the first aspect.
In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based while-drilling geotechnical parameter measurement method provided in any one of the various implementation manners of the first aspect.
According to the method and the device for measuring the rock-soil parameters while drilling based on the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the drill rod, the reference electrode, the relay and the electromagnetic parameter detection device are integrated systematically, and the corresponding method for measuring the rock-soil parameters while drilling based on the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting is adopted to measure the rock-soil parameters, so that the parameter information of the rock-soil body around the drilled hole can be effectively obtained at lower cost, the misjudgment on the condition of the rock-soil body is avoided, the risk of disasters such as water burst and mud burst of the rock-soil body is reduced, and the device and the method have the characteristics of portability and convenience for field operation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief description will be given below to the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for measuring rock-soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for measuring rock-soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic physical structure diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for measuring rock-soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a square wave of a bipolar pulse signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, technical features of various embodiments or individual embodiments provided by the present invention may be arbitrarily combined with each other to form a feasible technical solution, and such combination is not limited by the sequence of steps and/or the structural composition mode, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solution combination is contradictory or cannot be realized, such a technical solution combination should not be considered to exist and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The method is characterized in that an electromagnetic geophysical prospecting technical means is adopted, a drill rod of a drilling machine is used as an electrode of the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, a plurality of reference electrodes are uniformly arranged around the drill hole, electromagnetic pulse excitation is applied to the drill rod and the reference electrodes, the depth of the drill rod is increased while drilling, current and voltage parameters of alternating current and direct current are detected, and apparent resistivity, polarizability and change increment of stratum rock and soil at different depths are calculated. Because the reference electrode has azimuth information, current always flows along the direction with the lowest resistance according to ohm's law, and a stratum surface electromagnetic distribution characteristic can be reconstructed according to stratum electromagnetic parameters and azimuth information of the same depth. With the increase of the drilling rod footage and measurement while drilling, the spatial information of the stratum can be completely reconstructed. Based on the thought, the embodiment of the invention provides a measurement method of rock and soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, and referring to fig. 1, the method comprises the following steps: applying a bipolar pulse signal between the drill rod and the reference electrode, measuring voltage and current at the same time, and obtaining a first resistance value at the periphery of a drilled hole according to the rock-soil body voltage and current signals; obtaining the water content of a rock-soil body according to the polarizability, obtaining rock-soil mechanical parameters according to drilling parameters of a drilling machine and mud, determining spatial electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body according to the orientation of a reference electrode, and obtaining second resistance values between different drilling depths and the reference electrode in the drilling process according to voltage and current signals of the rock-soil body; identifying formation information between the drill bit and the reference electrode according to the first resistance value and the second resistance value, and obtaining three-dimensional resistivity of the formation around the drill hole according to analysis results corresponding to the reference electrodes in different directions; and obtaining the polarizability under different depths, and if the polarizability is equal to the three-dimensional resistivity, determining that the water-endowing property accords with the three-dimensional resistivity of the rock and soil body.
Based on the content of the above method embodiment, as an optional embodiment, the method for measuring while-drilling geotechnical parameters based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes: and performing electromagnetic test on the artificial mound stratum and the typical rock with known mechanical properties, wherein the electromagnetic test result provides a basis for subsequent electromagnetic parameter analysis.
Based on the content of the above method embodiment, as an optional embodiment, the method for measuring while-drilling geotechnical parameters based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the obtaining of the first resistance value around the borehole according to the voltage and current signals of the geotechnical body, includes: and acquiring a current and voltage mixed curve of the depth of the drilling-while-drilling holes and the incremental change trend of the current and the voltage of the interval between every two drilling-while-drilling holes to obtain a first resistance value of the rock-soil body between the drill rod and the reference electrode.
Based on the content of the above method embodiment, as an optional embodiment, the method for measuring while-drilling geotechnical parameters based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the determining spatial electromagnetic property information of the geotechnical body according to the orientation of the reference electrode, includes: and determining the spatial electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body from point to surface and from surface to body according to the orientation of the reference electrode.
According to the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based while-drilling geotechnical parameter measuring method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the drill rod, the reference electrode, the relay and the electromagnetic parameter detecting device are systematically integrated, and the corresponding electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based while-drilling geotechnical parameter measuring method is adopted to measure geotechnical parameters, so that the parameter information of the rock and soil mass around the drilled hole can be effectively obtained at lower cost, the misjudgment of the condition of the rock and soil mass is avoided, the risk of disasters such as water burst and mud burst of the rock and soil mass is reduced, and the method has the characteristics of portability and convenience for field operation.
The electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based while-drilling geotechnical parameter measuring method provided by the embodiment of the invention is suitable for advanced support under geological disasters or defect conditions, in particular to a while-drilling detection electromagnetic parameter measuring method suitable for advanced support of weak rock stratum, fissure water development or water-rich section, and comprises the following specific implementation steps:
A. applying bipolar pulse signals (as shown in figure 5) between the drill rod and the reference electrode or reference electrodes around the drill hole in an alternating current and direct current method mode, taking the drill rod of the drilling machine as one end of the electrode of the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, the reference electrode or the reference electrode arranged around the drill hole is taken as the other end of the ground plane, the positive electrode of an excitation pulse power supply in the electromagnetic parameter detection device is connected to the drill rod, the negative electrode of the excitation pulse power supply is connected to the reference electrode or the reference electrode through a switching relay, when the drill rod drills into different depths, current can form current lines in different rock-soil layers between the drill rod and the reference electrode or the reference electrode, simultaneously measuring the voltage and the current in the rock-soil body, calculating the resistance value of the current flowing through the rock-soil body between the drill rod and the reference electrode or between the reference electrodes, and measuring the water-rich height degree of the rock-soil body through the calculation of the polarizability;
B. in the whole testing process, primary current and voltage signals are measured according to the set drill rod footage interval of 10cm or less, an I/V curve of current/voltage of the whole while-drilling depth is calculated, the incremental change trend of the current and the voltage of each measurement interval is calculated, and mechanical parameters are synthesized, so that the layering information of the rock-soil body can be accurately presumed, and the whole rock-soil body can be determined from point to surface and from surface to body according to the azimuth information of the reference electrode or the reference electrode;
C. 4, 8 or 16 reference electrodes can be uniformly arranged around the drill hole in the east-west-south direction in the measuring process, the current, the voltage and the increment change of the rock-soil body between the drill rod and the reference electrodes are measured in a polling mode at one time, and the full-space electromagnetic characteristic parameters of the whole rock-soil body can be calculated and deduced;
D. the mechanical characteristic parameters and the electromagnetic characteristics of the rock-soil body are definitely related from the physical principle, and the characteristic parameters of the two aspects are integrated, so that the rock-soil body can reconstruct two-dimensional to three-dimensional visual imaging, and the whole information is more visual and credible;
E. according to the existing spatial information of the single drilling rock-soil body, the position of the exploration drilling can be selectively and pertinently arranged, and the key exploration drilling is carried out at the position needing attention, such as the position possibly having geological disasters and defects. The number of the exploration drilling holes can be effectively reduced, the construction progress is accelerated, and the exploration cost of the rock-soil body is reduced.
The measurement and calculation of the resistivity of the rock-soil mass comprise the following steps: the electromagnetic parameter detection device comprises an excitation pulse power supply, wherein the anode of the power supply is connected with a drill rod of a drilling hole, and the cathode of the power supply is connected with reference electrodes around the drilling hole through a switching relay. And measuring current/voltage signals between the drill rod and the reference electrode in real time, and calculating electromagnetic parameters of the rock-soil body in a transient process, wherein the electromagnetic parameters comprise steady-state direct current resistance, alternating current resistance and polarizability parameters. The electric signal measurement and control of the measuring module requires high resolution ratio which at least reaches more than 24bit, and the sampling rate is about 1KHz, because the drilling footage speed is not too high.
The technical index requirements of the excitation pulse power supply include: the amplitude and frequency of the excitation pulse power supply can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the rock-soil body and the measurement depth. If the resistivity of the rock-soil body is high and the water-rich rate is low, the amplitude of the excitation pulse voltage can be higher, and vice versa. The frequency of the pulse power supply is selected according to the depth of a drilled hole, and according to the principle of frequency sounding by a geophysical prospecting method, the low frequency penetrates through the depth of a rock and soil body, and the high frequency measures the depth of a shallow layer. The frequency range is approximately a few tenths of a hertz to around 1 KHz.
The measurement and calculation of the polarizability of the rock-soil mass of the drill hole comprise the following steps: the polarizability of rock-soil mass is measured in the borehole, when the rock-soil mass passes through a certain current, a series of electrochemical processes can occur and generate electromotive force, and the phenomenon is called induced polarization effect. The induced polarization effect of rock-soil mass is one of the manifestations of its electrochemical properties. It is an effect that is related to the chemical composition of rock ore, mineral structure and surrounding rock solution properties. Observing this effect, different lithologies can be divided along the depth of the borehole. The physical quantity for evaluating the magnitude of the induced polarization effect is called polarizability, and is expressed as a percentage of the polarization field to the total excitation field (η ═ Δ U)2/. DELTA.U). Borehole polarizability measurements also typically measure resistivity and natural potential parameters simultaneously. Through the measurement and calculation of the polarizability of the rock-soil body at different depths of the drilled hole, the layered information of the rock-soil body is more clear and definite, and the mechanical parameters are integrated and verified mutually.
The calculation of the incremental change of the resistivity of the rock-soil mass comprises the following steps: and applying certain voltage and current, and calculating the ratio of the voltage to the current, which is the reaction of the comprehensive resistance between the depth direction of the drill rod and the reference electrode. As the depth of the borehole increases, the corresponding overall resistance becomes smaller. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the incremental changes in the measured current and voltage (η ═ Δ U/Δ I) as the unit depth increases. This incremental change reflects the change in resistance as the borehole progresses to the formation of interest, progressing to the highly resistive rock strata, and the incremental change becomes smaller. Conversely, when the depth is advanced to the low-resistance rock-soil layer, the increment becomes larger. If the data of the resistivity characteristics of the existing rock-soil body are integrated, the type of the rock-soil body between the drill rod and the corresponding reference electrode can be analyzed and judged. If the data corresponding to the reference electrodes in different directions at the same drilling depth are comprehensively considered, the plane information of the whole stratum can be obtained and reconstructed.
The establishment of the rock-soil body resistivity characteristic parameter database comprises the following steps: the resistivity parameters of the existing various rocks are mostly measured by manufacturing standard samples in a laboratory, and are different from the parameters under the action of in-situ crustal stress test. Therefore, a typical stratigraphic landscape can be selected, enough sample data can be collected, and an electromagnetic parameter database based on in-situ rock-soil body detection while drilling can be established.
The electromagnetic parameter acquisition while drilling of the rock-soil body consists of a drill rod, a reference electrode and an electromagnetic parameter detection device. The electromagnetic parameter detection device comprises an excitation pulse power supply, wherein the anode of the power supply is connected with a drill rod for detecting a drill hole, the cathode of the power supply is connected to reference electrodes around the drill hole through a switching relay, excitation voltage and current signals and transient processes between the drill rod and the reference electrodes are collected in real time, and electromagnetic parameters of a rock-soil body, including steady-state direct current resistance, alternating current resistance and polarizability parameters, are calculated. The amplitude and frequency of the excitation pulse power supply can be adjusted according to the characteristics and the measurement depth of the rock-soil body, if the resistivity of the rock-soil body is high and the water-rich rate is low, the amplitude of the excitation pulse voltage can be higher, otherwise, the amplitude is lower. The frequency of the pulse power supply is selected according to the depth of a drilled hole, and according to the principle of frequency sounding by a geophysical prospecting method, the low frequency penetrates through the depth of a rock and soil body, and the high frequency measures the depth of a shallow layer. Based on the consideration, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based while-drilling geotechnical parameter measurement system, for implementing the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based while-drilling geotechnical parameter measurement method as described in any one of the foregoing method embodiments, with reference to fig. 4, the system includes: a drill rod 4 for drilling into the rock-soil mass (insertion into the rock-soil mass from ground level); a relay 6 for connecting (switching-connecting) the negative electrode of the electromagnetic parameter detection device with the reference electrode; a reference electrode 1 and a reference electrode 2 for measuring the current and voltage flowing between the drill pipe and the reference electrode and the increment of the current and voltage; and the electromagnetic parameter detection device 3 is used for acquiring excitation voltage and current signals between the drill rod 4 and the reference electrode 1.
Referring to fig. 4, based on the content of the above system embodiment, as an optional embodiment, in the system for measuring while-drilling geotechnical parameters based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the drill 4 is used as one end of an electrode for electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, an excitation pulse power supply in the electromagnetic parameter detection device 3 has a positive electrode connected to the drill rod 4, a negative electrode connected to the reference electrode 1 around the drill hole through the switching relay 6, the drill rod 4 drills into rock-soil bodies in different depths of the stratum, the current line 5 is led into the reference electrode 1 arranged around the drill hole, and the electromagnetic parameter detection device 3 synchronously acquires and records while-drilling electromagnetic characteristic parameters of the rock-soil bodies between the drill rod 4 and the reference electrode 1 around the drill hole in real time.
Based on the content of the foregoing system embodiment, as an alternative embodiment, the system for measuring while-drilling geotechnical parameters based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided in the embodiment of the present invention is the system for measuring while-drilling geotechnical parameters based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting according to claim 5, which is characterized by comprising: the number of the reference electrodes is several, and the reference electrodes are distributed outwards in a scattering shape by taking the drill hole as a center.
Specifically, in the process of measuring the electromagnetic parameters, 4, 8 or 16 reference electrodes can be uniformly distributed along the east-west-south directions around the drill hole, and the current, the voltage and the incremental change of the current and the voltage between the drill rod and the reference electrodes are measured at one time; the electromagnetic parameter detection device is used for acquiring excitation voltage and current signals between the drill rod and the reference electrode.
The implementation basis of the various embodiments of the present invention is realized by programmed processing performed by a device having a processor function. Therefore, in engineering practice, the technical solutions and functions thereof of the embodiments of the present invention can be packaged into various modules. Based on the actual situation, on the basis of the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present invention provide an electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based while-drilling geotechnical parameter measurement apparatus, which is used for executing the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based while-drilling geotechnical parameter measurement method in the above method embodiments. Referring to fig. 2, the apparatus includes: the first main module is used for applying a bipolar pulse signal between the drill rod and the reference electrode, measuring voltage and current at the same time, and obtaining a first resistance value around a drill hole according to the rock-soil body voltage and current signals; the second main module is used for obtaining the water content of the rock-soil mass according to the polarizability, obtaining rock-soil mechanical parameters according to drilling parameters of the drilling machine and mud, determining spatial electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil mass according to the orientation of the reference electrode, and obtaining second resistance values between different drilling depths and the reference electrode in the drilling process according to voltage and current signals of the rock-soil mass; the third main module is used for identifying formation information between the drill bit and the reference electrode according to the first resistance value and the second resistance value, and obtaining three-dimensional resistivity of the formation around the drill hole according to analysis results corresponding to the reference electrodes in different directions; and the fourth main module is used for acquiring polarizability under different depths, and if the polarizability is equal to the three-dimensional resistivity, determining that the water-endowing property accords with the three-dimensional resistivity of the rock and soil mass.
According to the device for measuring the rock-soil parameters while drilling based on the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, the plurality of modules in the figure 2 are adopted, the drill rod, the reference electrode, the relay and the electromagnetic parameter detection device are systematically integrated, and the corresponding method for measuring the rock-soil parameters while drilling based on the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting is adopted to measure the rock-soil parameters, so that the parameter information of rock-soil bodies around the drilled holes can be effectively obtained at lower cost, the misjudgment on the condition of the rock-soil bodies is avoided, the risk of disasters such as water burst and mud burst of the rock-soil bodies is reduced, and the device has the characteristics of portability and convenience for field operation.
It should be noted that, the apparatus in the apparatus embodiment provided by the present invention may be used for implementing methods in other method embodiments provided by the present invention, except that corresponding function modules are provided, and the principle of the apparatus embodiment provided by the present invention is basically the same as that of the apparatus embodiment provided by the present invention, so long as a person skilled in the art obtains corresponding technical means by combining technical features on the basis of the apparatus embodiment described above, and obtains a technical solution formed by these technical means, on the premise of ensuring that the technical solution has practicability, the apparatus in the apparatus embodiment described above may be modified, so as to obtain a corresponding apparatus class embodiment, which is used for implementing methods in other method class embodiments. For example:
based on the content of the above device embodiment, as an optional embodiment, the device for measuring while-drilling geotechnical parameters based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes: the first submodule is used for performing electromagnetic testing on an artificial mound stratum and typical rocks with known mechanical properties, and the electromagnetic testing result provides a basis for subsequent electromagnetic parameter analysis.
Based on the content of the above device embodiment, as an optional embodiment, the device for measuring while-drilling geotechnical parameters based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes: and the second sub-module is used for acquiring a current and voltage mixed curve of the depth of the drilling-while-drilling holes and the incremental change trend of the current and the voltage of the interval between every two drilling-while-drilling holes to obtain a first resistance value of the rock-soil body between the drill rod and the reference electrode.
Based on the content of the above device embodiment, as an optional embodiment, the device for measuring while-drilling geotechnical parameters based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes: and the third sub-module is used for determining the spatial electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body from point to surface and from surface to body according to the orientation of the reference electrode.
The method of the embodiment of the invention is realized by depending on the electronic equipment, so that the related electronic equipment is necessarily introduced. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic apparatus, as shown in fig. 3, including: the system comprises at least one processor (processor), a communication Interface (communication Interface), at least one memory (memory) and a communication bus, wherein the at least one processor, the communication Interface and the at least one memory are communicated with each other through the communication bus. The at least one processor may invoke logic instructions in the at least one memory to perform all or a portion of the steps of the methods provided by the various method embodiments described above.
In addition, the logic instructions in the at least one memory may be implemented in software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the method embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
The flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. Based on this recognition, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, a program segment, or a portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
In this patent, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for measuring rock and soil parameters while drilling based on electromagnetic geophysical prospecting is characterized by comprising the following steps: applying a bipolar pulse signal between the drill rod and the reference electrode, measuring voltage and current at the same time, and obtaining a first resistance value at the periphery of a drilled hole according to the rock-soil body voltage and current signals; obtaining the water content of a rock-soil body according to the polarizability, obtaining rock-soil mechanical parameters according to drilling parameters of a drilling machine and mud, determining spatial electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body according to the orientation of a reference electrode, and obtaining second resistance values between different drilling depths and the reference electrode in the drilling process according to voltage and current signals of the rock-soil body; identifying formation information between the drill bit and the reference electrode according to the first resistance value and the second resistance value, and obtaining three-dimensional resistivity of the formation around the drill hole according to analysis results corresponding to the reference electrodes in different directions; and obtaining the polarizability under different depths, and if the polarizability is equal to the three-dimensional resistivity, determining that the water-endowing property accords with the three-dimensional resistivity of the rock and soil body.
2. The electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based geotechnical parameter measurement while drilling method according to claim 1, further comprising: and performing electromagnetic test on the artificial mound stratum and the typical rock with known mechanical properties, wherein the electromagnetic test result provides a basis for subsequent electromagnetic parameter analysis.
3. The electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based geotechnical parameter measurement while drilling method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the first resistance value of the periphery of the borehole from the geotechnical body voltage and current signals comprises: and acquiring a current and voltage mixed curve of the depth of the drilling-while-drilling holes and the incremental change trend of the current and the voltage of the interval between every two drilling-while-drilling holes to obtain a first resistance value of the rock-soil body between the drill rod and the reference electrode.
4. The electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based while-drilling geotechnical parameter measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the determining spatial electromagnetic characteristic information of the geotechnical body according to the orientation of the reference electrode comprises: and determining the spatial electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil body from point to surface and from surface to body according to the orientation of the reference electrode.
5. An electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based while-drilling geotechnical parameter measurement system for realizing the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based while-drilling geotechnical parameter measurement method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which comprises: the drill rod is used for drilling a rock-soil body; the relay is used for connecting the negative electrode of the electromagnetic parameter detection device with the reference electrode; a reference electrode for measuring current and voltage flowing between the drill pipe and the reference electrode, and increments of the current and voltage; and the electromagnetic parameter detection device is used for acquiring excitation voltage and current signals between the drill rod and the reference electrode.
6. The system for measuring the geotechnical parameters while drilling based on the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting according to claim 5, is characterized in that the drill rod is used as one end of an electrode of the electromagnetic geophysical prospecting, the positive electrode of an excitation pulse power supply in the electromagnetic parameter detection device is connected to the drill rod, the negative electrode of the excitation pulse power supply is connected to a reference electrode around a drill hole through a switching relay, the drill rod drills in geotechnical bodies in different depths, current lines are led into the reference electrodes arranged around the drill hole, and the electromagnetic parameter detection device is used for synchronously acquiring and recording the electromagnetic characteristic parameters while drilling of the geotechnical bodies between the drill rod and the reference electrode around the drill hole in real time.
7. The electromagnetic geophysical prospecting-based while-drilling geotechnical parameter measurement system according to claim 5, which comprises: the number of the reference electrodes is several, and the reference electrodes are distributed outwards in a scattering shape by taking the drill hole as a center.
8. The utility model provides a ground parameter measurement while drilling device based on electromagnetism geophysical prospecting which characterized in that includes: the first main module is used for applying a bipolar pulse signal between the drill rod and the reference electrode, measuring voltage and current at the same time, and obtaining a first resistance value around a drill hole according to the rock-soil body voltage and current signals; the second main module is used for obtaining the water content of the rock-soil mass according to the polarizability, obtaining rock-soil mechanical parameters according to drilling parameters of the drilling machine and mud, determining spatial electromagnetic characteristic information of the rock-soil mass according to the orientation of the reference electrode, and obtaining second resistance values between different drilling depths and the reference electrode in the drilling process according to voltage and current signals of the rock-soil mass; the third main module is used for identifying formation information between the drill bit and the reference electrode according to the first resistance value and the second resistance value, and obtaining three-dimensional resistivity of the formation around the drill hole according to analysis results corresponding to the reference electrodes in different directions; and the fourth main module is used for acquiring polarizability under different depths, and if the polarizability is equal to the three-dimensional resistivity, determining that the water-endowing property accords with the three-dimensional resistivity of the rock and soil mass.
9. An electronic device, comprising:
at least one processor, at least one memory, and a communication interface; wherein,
the processor, the memory and the communication interface are communicated with each other;
the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, the processor invoking the program instructions to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 4.
10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
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