CN113213798A - Waste incineration residue recycling system, fly ash bottom slag brick making and method thereof - Google Patents
Waste incineration residue recycling system, fly ash bottom slag brick making and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113213798A CN113213798A CN202110647667.0A CN202110647667A CN113213798A CN 113213798 A CN113213798 A CN 113213798A CN 202110647667 A CN202110647667 A CN 202110647667A CN 113213798 A CN113213798 A CN 113213798A
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- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000382 dechlorinating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010882 bottom ash Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 chlorine ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006298 dechlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008570 general process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/026—Comminuting, e.g. by grinding or breaking; Defibrillating fibres other than asbestos
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/10—Burned or pyrolised refuse
- C04B18/105—Gaseous combustion products or dusts collected from waste incineration, e.g. sludge resulting from the purification of gaseous combustion products of waste incineration
- C04B18/106—Fly ash from waste incinerators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a waste incineration residue recycling system, a fly ash bottom slag brick making method and a fly ash bottom slag brick making method, belonging to the technical field of environmental protection, wherein a fly ash washing unit, a mechanochemical treatment unit and a synergetic brick making unit are sequentially connected; the crushing unit is connected with the collaborative brick making unit; the crushing unit is connected with the collaborative brick making unit; the fly ash washing unit and the mechanochemical treatment unit are used for further removing organic toxic substances. The water washing dechlorination-mechanical force chemical treatment process is adopted, so that the chlorine content in the fly ash is reduced, and the corrosion to resource products is reduced; chlorine cleaning removes heavy metals; the toxic dioxin in the fly ash is effectively removed by mechanochemical treatment, the fly ash is converted from dangerous waste into general solid waste, and the resource precondition of the fly ash is achieved; the fly ash and the bottom slag are used for making bricks in a synergistic manner, so that the maximum utilization of waste incineration residues is realized, the treatment period is shortened, and the cost of aggregate in the baking-free brick manufacturing process is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a waste incineration residue recycling system, a fly ash bottom slag brick making method and a method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection.
Background
The waste incineration ash can be mainly divided into incineration bottom slag and incineration fly ash according to different collection positions of the waste incineration ash. Bottom ash refers to the residue discharged from the end of the hearth, which accounts for about 80% of the total weight of the ash, and mainly consists of slag, ferrous and nonferrous metals, ceramic chips, glass and other incombustible substances and unburned organic substances. The fly ash refers to residue collected in a flue gas purification system (APC) and a heat recovery system (such as an economizer, a boiler, etc.), and accounts for about 20% of the total ash, wherein the APC fly ash includes soot, added chemicals and chemical reaction products.
The utilization and disposal of the fly ash and the bottom slag are divided into two modes of landfill and resource utilization; landfill is a traditional method for treating fly ash, wastes time and labor, occupies large space, is not sustainable and is easy to pollute the environment; the fly ash value can be exerted by recycling, and the fly ash recycling method has better application prospect and value.
The inventor of the invention finds that: in the prior art of fly ash resource treatment, fly ash and bottom slag are treated respectively, and the fly ash contains a large amount of pollutants, the natural degradation needs a long time, and the fly ash is easy to release to generate secondary harm.
Disclosure of Invention
Before the fly ash is buried or recycled, the fly ash needs to be properly pretreated; the prior pretreatment technology of fly ash mainly comprises water washing, solidification/stabilization, high-temperature sintering, high-temperature melting, low-temperature pyrolysis and the like. After the fly ash is washed and pretreated, the fly ash is buried in the conventional technology, and because the fly ash contains toxic substances, the resource utilization is difficult to realize under the condition of ensuring the safety; meanwhile, the risk of environmental pollution still exists due to careless burying treatment. Aiming at the defects of separate treatment of the fly ash and the bottom slag in the prior art, the fly ash and the bottom slag are cooperatively treated, and the bottom slag is used as a raw material for solidifying into bricks to tightly coat the fly ash, so that the treatment period is greatly shortened, and the safety is improved.
The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and provides a waste incineration residue recycling system, comprising: the device comprises a fly ash washing unit, a mechanochemical treatment unit, a synergic brick making unit and a crushing unit; the fly ash washing unit, the mechanochemical treatment unit and the synergic brick making unit are sequentially connected; the crushing unit is connected with the collaborative brick making unit; the fly ash washing unit is used for removing toxic substances in fly ash; the mechanochemical treatment unit is used for further removing organic toxic substances; the crushing unit is used for crushing the bottom slag and removing the toxic substance fly ash to finish the harmless treatment of the fly ash and the bottom slag in the synergic brick making unit.
Preferably, the outlet of the fly ash washing unit is connected with the inlet of the mechanochemical treatment unit; the outlet of the mechanochemical treatment unit is connected with the inlet of the collaborative brick making unit; and the outlet of the crushing unit is connected with the inlet of the collaborative brick making unit.
Preferably, the fly ash washing unit comprises an ash storage device, a first metering and feeding device, a reaction device, a filtering device and a drying device which are connected in sequence;
preferably, the reaction apparatus comprises an elution reaction tank; and/or the filtering equipment is a filter press or a belt filter; and/or the drying equipment is a flat plate type dryer or a rotary kiln dryer.
Preferably, the mechanochemical treatment unit comprises a mechanochemical reactor and a dust collecting device which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the mechanochemical reactor is a vertical stirring mill, a horizontal stirring mill or a planetary ball mill; and/or the dust collecting device comprises a negative pressure dust collector.
Preferably, the crushing unit comprises a jaw crusher, a cone crusher; the crushing unit crushes particles with a size of <10 mm.
Preferably, the cooperative brick making unit comprises a sand mixer, a baking-free brick forming device and a baking-free brick curing device which are connected in sequence.
A method for making bricks by cooperation of fly ash and bottom slag generated by waste incineration comprises the following steps:
(1) washing, dechlorinating, filtering and drying the fly ash in a fly ash washing unit to obtain a first raw material; the operation mode of the fly ash washing unit is continuous feeding and discharging; ash powder in the storage equipment enters the reaction equipment after passing through the metering and feeding equipment I, the ash powder is dissolved in chlorine in the reaction equipment and then enters the filtering equipment to realize solid-liquid separation, and wet slag after the solid-liquid separation enters the drying equipment to be dried and dewatered to obtain the raw material I;
(2) the raw material I enters a mechanochemical treatment unit to be treated to obtain a raw material II; the operation mode of the mechanochemical reactor is intermittent feeding and discharging, and the materials are conveyed and collected by negative pressure after staying in the mechanochemical reactor for 10-60 min;
(3) crushing the bottom slag in a crushing unit to obtain particles with the particle size of less than 10mm to obtain a third raw material; the operation mode of the crushing unit is continuous feeding and discharging;
(4) and mixing the second raw material and the third raw material by a sand mixer, and then sequentially preparing a finished brick product by baking-free brick molding equipment and baking-free brick curing equipment.
A fly ash-bottom slag synergic brick making method comprises the following steps: 0-50 wt% of bottom slag, 5-20 wt% of treated fly ash, 0-50 wt% of aggregate, 5-50 wt% of cement clinker and 0-1 wt% of water reducing agent.
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides a waste incineration residue recycling system, a fly ash bottom slag brick making method and a method thereof, wherein a washing dechlorination-mechanical force chemical treatment process is adopted, so that the chlorine content in fly ash is reduced, and the corrosion to a recycling product is reduced; chlorine cleaning removes heavy metals; the toxic dioxin in the fly ash is effectively removed by mechanochemical treatment, the fly ash is converted from dangerous waste into general solid waste, and the resource precondition of the fly ash is achieved; the fly ash and the bottom slag are used for making bricks in a synergistic manner, so that the maximum utilization of waste incineration residues is realized, the treatment period is shortened, and the cost of aggregate in the baking-free brick manufacturing process is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general process flow diagram;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a fly ash dechlorination process;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of mechanochemical treatment;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of fly ash-bottom slag synergic brick making process.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely illustrative of some, and not restrictive, of the embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples of the invention without inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
Disclosed herein is a waste incineration residue recycling system, including: the device comprises a fly ash washing unit, a mechanochemical treatment unit, a synergic brick making unit and a crushing unit; the fly ash washing unit, the mechanochemical treatment unit and the synergic brick making unit are sequentially connected; the crushing unit is connected with the collaborative brick making unit; the fly ash washing unit is used for removing toxic substances in fly ash; the mechanochemical treatment unit is used for further removing organic toxic substances; the crushing unit is used for crushing the bottom slag and removing the toxic substance fly ash to finish the harmless treatment of the fly ash and the bottom slag in the synergic brick making unit.
Preferably, the outlet of the fly ash washing unit is connected with the inlet of the mechanochemical treatment unit; the outlet of the mechanochemical treatment unit is connected with the inlet of the collaborative brick making unit; and the outlet of the crushing unit is connected with the inlet of the collaborative brick making unit.
Preferably, the fly ash washing unit comprises an ash storage device, a first metering and feeding device, a reaction device, a filtering device and a drying device which are connected in sequence;
preferably, the reaction apparatus comprises an elution reaction tank; the filtering equipment is a filter press or a belt filter; and/or the drying equipment is a flat plate type dryer or a rotary kiln dryer.
Preferably, the mechanochemical treatment unit comprises a mechanochemical reactor and a dust collecting device which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the mechanochemical reactor is a vertical stirring mill, a horizontal stirring mill or a planetary ball mill; and/or the dust collecting device comprises a negative pressure dust collector.
Preferably, the crushing unit comprises a jaw crusher, a cone crusher; the crushing unit crushes particles with a size of <10 mm.
Preferably, the cooperative brick making unit comprises a sand mixer, a baking-free brick forming device and a baking-free brick curing device which are connected in sequence.
Disclosed herein is a method for making bricks by using fly ash and bottom slag from waste incineration in a synergetic way, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
(1) washing, dechlorinating, filtering and drying the fly ash in a fly ash washing unit to obtain a first raw material; the operation mode of the fly ash washing unit is continuous feeding and discharging; ash powder in the storage equipment enters the reaction equipment after passing through the metering and feeding equipment I, the ash powder is dissolved in chlorine in the reaction equipment and then enters the filtering equipment to realize solid-liquid separation, and wet slag after the solid-liquid separation enters the drying equipment to be dried and dewatered to obtain the raw material I;
(2) the raw material I enters a mechanochemical treatment unit to be treated to obtain a raw material II; the operation mode of the mechanochemical reactor is intermittent feeding and discharging, and the materials are conveyed and collected by negative pressure after staying in the mechanochemical reactor for 10-60 min;
(3) crushing the bottom slag in a crushing unit to obtain particles with the particle size of less than 10mm to obtain a third raw material; the operation mode of the crushing unit is continuous feeding and discharging;
(4) and mixing the second raw material and the third raw material by a sand mixer, and then sequentially preparing a finished brick product by baking-free brick molding equipment and baking-free brick curing equipment.
Disclosed herein is a fly ash-bottom slag synergic brick making method, comprising: 0-50 wt% of bottom slag, 5-20 wt% of treated fly ash, 0-50 wt% of aggregate, 5-50 wt% of cement clinker and 0-1 wt% of water reducing agent.
In order to better characterize the heavy metal treatment capacity, the GB8978 comprehensive sewage discharge standard heavy metal limiting standard and detection method are also introduced.
Some optional embodiments reduce the chlorine content in the fly ash and reduce the corrosion to the resource products;
in some alternative embodiments, chlorine rinse is used to remove heavy metals;
in some optional embodiments, the toxic dioxin in the fly ash is effectively removed by mechanochemical treatment, and the fly ash is converted from dangerous waste into general solid waste, so that the recycling precondition of the fly ash is achieved;
in some optional embodiments, the fly ash and the bottom slag are used for making bricks in a synergistic manner, so that the maximum utilization of waste incineration residues is realized, and the cost of aggregate in the baking-free brick manufacturing process is reduced.
Example 1
On the basis of the disclosed embodiment, a fly ash and bottom slag recycling system is provided, which consists of a fly ash washing unit, a mechanochemical treatment unit, a synergic brick making unit and a crushing unit; the fly ash washing unit, the mechanochemical treatment unit and the synergic brick making unit are sequentially connected; the crushing unit is connected with the collaborative brick making unit; the fly ash washing unit is used for removing toxic substances in fly ash; the mechanochemical treatment unit is used for further removing organic toxic substances; the crushing unit is used for crushing the bottom slag and removing the toxic substance fly ash to finish the harmless treatment of the fly ash and the bottom slag in the synergic brick making unit.
The outlet of the fly ash washing unit is connected with the inlet of the mechanochemical treatment unit; the outlet of the mechanochemical treatment unit is connected with the inlet of the collaborative brick making unit; the outlet of the crushing unit is connected with the inlet of the collaborative brick making unit.
The fly ash washing unit comprises ash powder storage equipment, a first metering and feeding equipment, reaction equipment, filtering equipment and drying equipment which are connected in sequence;
the reaction equipment comprises an elution reaction tank; the filtering equipment is a filter press; the drying equipment is a flat plate type dryer.
The mechanochemical treatment unit comprises a mechanochemical reactor and a dust collecting device which are connected in sequence.
The mechanochemical reactor is a vertical stirring mill, and the dust collecting device comprises a negative pressure dust collector.
The crushing unit is a jaw crusher; the crushing unit crushes particles with a size of <10 mm.
The cooperative brick making unit comprises a sand mixer, a baking-free brick forming device and a baking-free brick curing device which are sequentially connected.
On the basis of the disclosed embodiment, a fly ash-bottom slag synergistic brick making method is provided for carrying out harmless treatment on fly ash and preparing a fly ash-bottom slag mixed brick by utilizing a disclosed fly ash and bottom slag recycling system, and the concrete operations are as follows:
(1) the fly ash is washed, dechlorinated, filtered and dried in a fly ash washing unit sequentially through a storage device, a first metering and feeding device, a reaction device, a filtering device and a drying device to obtain a first raw material as shown in figure 2; the operation mode of the fly ash washing unit is continuous feeding and discharging; ash powder in the storage equipment enters the reaction equipment after passing through the metering and feeding equipment I, the ash powder is dissolved in chlorine in the reaction equipment and then enters the filtering equipment to realize solid-liquid separation, and wet slag after the solid-liquid separation enters the drying equipment to be dried and dewatered to obtain the raw material I;
(2) as shown in fig. 3, the raw material one enters a mechanochemical treatment unit and sequentially passes through a storage device, a mechanical treatment reactor and a dust collecting device to obtain a raw material two; the operation mode of the mechanochemical reactor is intermittent feeding and discharging, and the materials are conveyed and collected by negative pressure after staying in the mechanochemical reactor for 10-60 min;
(3) crushing the bottom slag in a crushing unit to obtain particles with the particle size of less than 10mm to obtain a third raw material; the operation mode of the crushing unit is continuous feeding and discharging;
(4) as shown in fig. 4, the second raw material and the third raw material are mixed by a sand mixer and then sequentially processed by baking-free brick molding equipment and baking-free brick curing equipment to prepare a finished brick.
The properties of a certain waste incineration fly ash are as follows:
| content of chlorine/%) | Whether the heavy metal dissolution conforms to GB8978 | Dioxin content/ng-TEQ/kg |
| 22％ | Is not in compliance with | 212 |
The garbage incineration fly ash recycling comprehensive utilization system and method provided by the invention are respectively adopted for treatment, and the formula and the result of the medicament are as follows.
The test results show that: after the fly ash is subjected to mechanical chemical treatment, the concentration of chlorine ions, the dissolution concentration of heavy metals and the content of dioxin in the fly ash are all obviously reduced, and the standard of fly ash resource utilization is met; the fly ash-bottom slag mixed brick making composite baking-free brick has the advantages that the use standard is standard, the maximum utilization of waste incineration residues is realized, the cost of aggregate in the manufacturing of the baking-free brick is reduced, and the obvious economic benefit is achieved.
Example 2
On the basis of the disclosed embodiment, a fly ash and bottom slag recycling system is provided, which consists of a fly ash washing unit, a mechanochemical treatment unit, a synergic brick making unit and a crushing unit; the fly ash washing unit, the mechanochemical treatment unit and the synergic brick making unit are sequentially connected; the crushing unit is connected with the collaborative brick making unit; the fly ash washing unit is used for removing toxic substances in fly ash; the mechanochemical treatment unit is used for further removing organic toxic substances; the crushing unit is used for crushing the bottom slag and removing the toxic substance fly ash to finish the harmless treatment of the fly ash and the bottom slag in the synergic brick making unit.
The outlet of the fly ash washing unit is connected with the inlet of the mechanochemical treatment unit; the outlet of the mechanochemical treatment unit is connected with the inlet of the collaborative brick making unit; the outlet of the crushing unit is connected with the inlet of the collaborative brick making unit.
The fly ash washing unit comprises ash powder storage equipment, a first metering and feeding equipment, reaction equipment, filtering equipment and drying equipment which are connected in sequence;
the reaction equipment comprises an elution reaction tank; the filtering equipment is a filter press; the drying equipment is a rotary kiln dryer.
The mechanochemical treatment unit comprises a mechanochemical reactor and a dust collecting device which are connected in sequence.
The mechanochemical reactor is a horizontal stirring mill, and the dust collecting device comprises a negative pressure dust collector.
The crushing unit is a cone crusher; the crushing unit crushes particles with a size of <10 mm.
The cooperative brick making unit comprises a sand mixer, a baking-free brick forming device and a baking-free brick curing device which are sequentially connected.
On the basis of the disclosed embodiment, a fly ash-bottom slag synergistic brick making method is provided for carrying out harmless treatment on fly ash and preparing a fly ash-bottom slag mixed brick by utilizing a disclosed fly ash and bottom slag recycling system, and the concrete operations are as follows:
(1) the fly ash is washed, dechlorinated, filtered and dried in a fly ash washing unit sequentially through a storage device, a first metering and feeding device, a reaction device, a filtering device and a drying device to obtain a first raw material as shown in figure 2; the operation mode of the fly ash washing unit is continuous feeding and discharging; ash powder in the storage equipment enters the reaction equipment after passing through the metering and feeding equipment I, the ash powder is dissolved in chlorine in the reaction equipment and then enters the filtering equipment to realize solid-liquid separation, and wet slag after the solid-liquid separation enters the drying equipment to be dried and dewatered to obtain the raw material I;
(2) as shown in fig. 3, the raw material one enters a mechanochemical treatment unit and sequentially passes through a storage device, a mechanical treatment reactor and a dust collecting device to obtain a raw material two; the operation mode of the mechanochemical reactor is intermittent feeding and discharging, and the materials are conveyed and collected by negative pressure after staying in the mechanochemical reactor for 10-60 min;
(3) crushing the bottom slag in a crushing unit to obtain particles with the particle size of less than 10mm to obtain a third raw material; the operation mode of the crushing unit is continuous feeding and discharging;
(4) as shown in fig. 4, the second raw material and the third raw material are mixed by a sand mixer and then sequentially processed by baking-free brick molding equipment and baking-free brick curing equipment to prepare a finished brick.
The properties of a certain waste incineration fly ash are as follows:
| content of chlorine/%) | Whether the heavy metal dissolution conforms to GB8978 | Dioxin content/ng-TEQ/kg |
| 17％ | Is not in compliance with | 167 |
The garbage incineration fly ash recycling comprehensive utilization system and method provided by the invention are respectively adopted for treatment, and the formula and the result of the medicament are as follows.
The test results show that: after the fly ash is subjected to mechanical chemical treatment, the concentration of chlorine ions, the dissolution concentration of heavy metals and the content of dioxin in the fly ash are all obviously reduced, and the standard of fly ash resource utilization is met; the fly ash-bottom slag mixed brick making composite baking-free brick has the advantages that the use standard is standard, the maximum utilization of waste incineration residues is realized, the cost of aggregate in the manufacturing of the baking-free brick is reduced, and the obvious economic benefit is achieved.
Example 3
On the basis of the disclosed embodiment, a fly ash and bottom slag recycling system is provided, which consists of a fly ash washing unit, a mechanochemical treatment unit, a synergic brick making unit and a crushing unit; the fly ash washing unit, the mechanochemical treatment unit and the synergic brick making unit are sequentially connected; the crushing unit is connected with the collaborative brick making unit; the fly ash washing unit is used for removing toxic substances in fly ash; the mechanochemical treatment unit is used for further removing organic toxic substances; the crushing unit is used for crushing the bottom slag and removing the toxic substance fly ash to finish the harmless treatment of the fly ash and the bottom slag in the synergic brick making unit.
The outlet of the fly ash washing unit is connected with the inlet of the mechanochemical treatment unit; the outlet of the mechanochemical treatment unit is connected with the inlet of the collaborative brick making unit; the outlet of the crushing unit is connected with the inlet of the collaborative brick making unit.
The fly ash washing unit comprises ash powder storage equipment, a first metering and feeding equipment, reaction equipment, filtering equipment and drying equipment which are connected in sequence;
the reaction equipment comprises an elution reaction tank; the filtering equipment is a filter press; the drying equipment is a flat plate type dryer.
The mechanochemical treatment unit comprises a mechanochemical reactor and a dust collecting device which are connected in sequence.
The mechanochemical reactor is a planetary stirring mill, and the dust collecting device comprises a negative pressure dust collector.
The crushing unit is a cone crusher; the crushing unit crushes particles with a size of <10 mm.
The cooperative brick making unit comprises a sand mixer, a baking-free brick forming device and a baking-free brick curing device which are sequentially connected.
On the basis of the disclosed embodiment, a fly ash-bottom slag synergistic brick making method is provided for carrying out harmless treatment on fly ash and preparing a fly ash-bottom slag mixed brick by utilizing a disclosed fly ash and bottom slag recycling system, and the concrete operations are as follows:
(1) the fly ash is washed, dechlorinated, filtered and dried in a fly ash washing unit sequentially through a storage device, a first metering and feeding device, a reaction device, a filtering device and a drying device to obtain a first raw material as shown in figure 2; the operation mode of the fly ash washing unit is continuous feeding and discharging; ash powder in the storage equipment enters the reaction equipment after passing through the metering and feeding equipment I, the ash powder is dissolved in chlorine in the reaction equipment and then enters the filtering equipment to realize solid-liquid separation, and wet slag after the solid-liquid separation enters the drying equipment to be dried and dewatered to obtain the raw material I;
(2) as shown in fig. 3, the raw material one enters a mechanochemical treatment unit and sequentially passes through a storage device, a mechanical treatment reactor and a dust collecting device to obtain a raw material two; the operation mode of the mechanochemical reactor is intermittent feeding and discharging, and the materials are conveyed and collected by negative pressure after staying in the mechanochemical reactor for 10-60 min;
(3) crushing the bottom slag in a crushing unit to obtain particles with the particle size of less than 10mm to obtain a third raw material; the operation mode of the crushing unit is continuous feeding and discharging;
(4) as shown in fig. 4, the second raw material and the third raw material are mixed by a sand mixer and then sequentially processed by baking-free brick molding equipment and baking-free brick curing equipment to prepare a finished brick.
The properties of a certain waste incineration fly ash are as follows:
| content of chlorine/%) | Whether the heavy metal dissolution conforms to GB8978 | Dioxin content/ng-TEQ/kg |
| 18％ | Is not in compliance with | 315 |
The garbage incineration fly ash recycling comprehensive utilization system and method provided by the invention are respectively adopted for treatment, and the formula and the result of the medicament are as follows.
The test results show that: after the fly ash is subjected to mechanical chemical treatment, the concentration of chlorine ions, the dissolution concentration of heavy metals and the content of dioxin in the fly ash are all obviously reduced, and the standard of fly ash resource utilization is met; the fly ash-bottom slag mixed brick making composite baking-free brick has the advantages that the use standard is standard, the maximum utilization of waste incineration residues is realized, the cost of aggregate in the manufacturing of the baking-free brick is reduced, and the obvious economic benefit is achieved.
Experimental example 1
Based on the disclosed embodiments, a prior art fly ash treatment process by cement brick making is provided, the rest of the process is the same as the embodiment 1, the fly ash is dechlorinated and is treated by mechanical force, and the properties of certain waste incineration fly ash are as follows:
the prior art systems and methods were used for treatment, respectively, and the formulation and results are as follows.
The test results show that the brick making technology has the following advantages compared with the existing cement solidification fly ash treatment technology in the experimental example 1:
the consumption of a large amount of cement clinker for treating fly ash by cement solidification is reduced; meanwhile, the consumption of a large amount of resources and funds for landfill or other treatment of the bottom slag is reduced.
Experimental example 2
On the basis of the disclosed embodiment, the fly ash dechlorination process in the prior art is provided, no reaction equipment is included, the specific process is to utilize water to directly clean chlorine for dissolution and then enter filtering equipment for solid-liquid separation, and the rest is the same as the embodiment 1.
The properties of a certain waste incineration fly ash are as follows:
| content of chlorine/%) | Whether the heavy metal dissolution conforms to GB8978 | Dioxin content/ng-TEQ/kg |
| 22％ | Is not in compliance with | 212 |
The technical system and the method of the experimental example are respectively adopted for treatment, and the medicament formula and the results are as follows.
The experimental results show that the advantages of the fly ash dechlorination technology relative to the prior art in the experimental example 2 are as follows:
the removal rate of chloride ions is improved, the corrosion of chlorine to cement blocks after cement curing is greatly reduced, and the cement blocks can be disintegrated after being stored for a long time; the invention has clear harmful components in the fly ash, and all indexes of the curing brick reach the first grade.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A waste incineration residue recycling system is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a fly ash washing unit, a mechanochemical treatment unit, a synergic brick making unit and a crushing unit; the fly ash washing unit, the mechanochemical treatment unit and the synergic brick making unit are sequentially connected; the crushing unit is connected with the collaborative brick making unit; the fly ash washing unit and the mechanochemical treatment unit are used for removing toxic substances in fly ash; the crushing unit is used for crushing the bottom slag and removing the toxic substance fly ash to finish the harmless treatment of the fly ash and the bottom slag in the synergic brick making unit.
2. The reclamation system as recited in claim 1 wherein the fly ash scrubbing unit outlet is connected to the mechanochemical treatment unit inlet; the outlet of the mechanochemical treatment unit is connected with the inlet of the collaborative brick making unit; and the outlet of the crushing unit is connected with the inlet of the collaborative brick making unit.
3. The recycling system according to claim 1, wherein the fly ash washing unit comprises a first ash storage device, a first metering and feeding device, a reaction device, a filtering device and a drying device which are connected in sequence.
4. The recycling system according to claim 3, wherein the reaction apparatus includes an elution reaction tank; and/or the filtering equipment is a filter press or a belt filter; and/or the drying equipment is a flat plate type dryer or a rotary kiln dryer.
5. The recycling system according to claim 1, wherein the mechanochemical treatment unit comprises a mechanochemical reactor and a dust collector connected in series.
6. The recycling system according to claim 5, wherein the mechanochemical reactor is a vertical agitator mill, a horizontal agitator mill, or a planetary ball mill; and/or the dust collecting device comprises a negative pressure dust collector.
7. The recycling system according to claim 1, wherein the crushing unit comprises a jaw crusher, a cone crusher; the crushing unit crushes particles with a size of <10 mm.
8. The recycling system of claim 1, wherein the cooperating brick-making unit comprises a sand mixer, a baking-free brick molding device and a baking-free brick curing device, which are connected in sequence.
9. A method for producing bricks by using fly ash from waste incineration and bottom slag together, which is characterized in that the method is used for the system of any one of claims 1 to 8; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) washing, dechlorinating, filtering and drying the fly ash in a fly ash washing unit to obtain a first raw material; the operation mode of the fly ash washing unit is continuous feeding and discharging; ash powder in the storage equipment enters the reaction equipment after passing through the metering and feeding equipment I, the ash powder is dissolved in chlorine in the reaction equipment and then enters the filtering equipment to realize solid-liquid separation, and wet slag after the solid-liquid separation enters the drying equipment to be dried and dewatered to obtain the raw material I;
(2) the raw material I enters a mechanochemical treatment unit to be treated to obtain a raw material II; the operation mode of the mechanochemical reactor is intermittent feeding and discharging, and the materials are conveyed and collected by negative pressure after staying in the mechanochemical reactor for 10-60 min;
(3) crushing the bottom slag in a crushing unit to obtain particles with the particle size of less than 10mm to obtain a third raw material; the operation mode of the crushing unit is continuous feeding and discharging;
(4) and mixing the second raw material and the third raw material by a sand mixer, and then sequentially preparing a finished brick product by baking-free brick molding equipment and baking-free brick curing equipment.
10. A fly ash-bottom ash co-brickmaking, prepared using the system of claims 1 to 8 and the method of claim 9, comprising: 0-50 wt% of bottom slag, 5-20 wt% of treated fly ash, 0-50 wt% of aggregate, 5-50 wt% of cement clinker and 0-1 wt% of water reducing agent.
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