CN110721983A - Method for treating garbage by adopting ball mill - Google Patents
Method for treating garbage by adopting ball mill Download PDFInfo
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- CN110721983A CN110721983A CN201911020151.2A CN201911020151A CN110721983A CN 110721983 A CN110721983 A CN 110721983A CN 201911020151 A CN201911020151 A CN 201911020151A CN 110721983 A CN110721983 A CN 110721983A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000034699 Vitreous floaters Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000012719 wet electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 claims 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/02—Gases or liquids enclosed in discarded articles, e.g. aerosol cans or cooling systems of refrigerators
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating garbage by adopting a ball mill, which comprises the following steps: conveying the garbage in the garbage storage tank into a ball mill for ball milling treatment; carrying out sand-water separation on the garbage subjected to ball milling treatment by using a sand-water separator to separate three substances: the floating material floats on the water surface, the inorganic particles sink to the water bottom and the slurry between the inorganic particles and the floating material; the separated slurry enters a sedimentation tank for sedimentation treatment; and carrying out filter pressing dehydration treatment on the sediment after the precipitation treatment by using a filter pressing dehydrator to obtain a mud cake. The invention adopts the ball mill to crush the domestic garbage, the separated flotage and mud cake can be used for preparing RDF fuel, the inorganic particles can be used for preparing cement bricks for sale, and the integral treatment equipment has the advantages of simple structure and low treatment cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of household garbage resource utilization, and particularly relates to a method for treating garbage by using a ball mill.
Background
With the rapid development of national economy of China, the living standard of people is continuously improved, and the problem of household garbage becomes the most urgent environmental problem to be solved. The domestic waste problem has different embodiments in the production link, the accommodating and conveying link and the treatment link, so that the tidiness is seriously influenced, and the physical and psychological health of people is directly harmed.
Waste incineration is a method commonly adopted by countries in the world. The waste incineration treatment is a treatment method for burning waste in an incinerator, utilizing waste heat and purifying tail gas and then discharging the waste. The residual residue can be discharged for resource utilization or landfill treatment. The incineration method treatment technology has the characteristics of good compatibility reduction, large treatment capacity, good heat energy recovery and the like. Therefore, the household garbage incineration treatment is an effective treatment mode for harmlessness, reduction and recycling.
Although patent CN205999381U adopts a ball mill to crush garbage, the slurry obtained by sand-water separation in the above patent is processed by anaerobic fermentation, which has the disadvantages of complicated equipment, complicated processing process and high processing cost.
Patents CN2017100419610 and CN2017200802088 disclose a waste heat recycling system for garbage disposal, utilize the slurry generated by garbage disposal as cleaning solution, treat the waste gas containing low-level heat energy, the slurry absorbing the low-level heat energy is mixed with garbage again, and the pulverized slurry is used for power generation, thereby not only realizing garbage pulverization, but also recovering the low-level heat energy of the waste gas, and reducing the cost of garbage disposal, but the above patents directly adopt the slurry as the cleaning solution to have the problem of blocking wet dust removal equipment, and the odor problem generated by garbage is not effectively solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application is directed to solving at least one of the problems in the prior art. Therefore, the invention aims to provide a method for treating garbage by using a ball mill, which has low treatment cost and simple process.
In order to solve the technical problem, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
a method for treating garbage by adopting a ball mill comprises the following steps:
conveying the garbage in the garbage storage tank into a ball mill for ball milling treatment;
carrying out sand-water separation on the garbage subjected to ball milling treatment by using a sand-water separator to separate three substances: the composite material comprises floaters, inorganic particles and slurry between the inorganic particles and the floaters, wherein the floaters are used as RDF (refuse derived Fuel) or active carbon raw materials, and the inorganic particles are used as building raw materials after iron removal;
the separated slurry enters a sedimentation tank for sedimentation treatment;
and (3) carrying out filter pressing dehydration treatment on the sediment after the precipitation treatment by using a filter pressing dehydrator to obtain a mud cake, wherein the mud cake is used as an RDF fuel or an active carbon raw material.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: odor in the garbage storage tank is collected by the gas collecting hood and then sucked and pumped to the secondary combustion chamber by the draught fan for combustion, high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion, mud cakes and floaters enter the drying and carbonizing machine together for carbonizing treatment, tail gas after carbonizing treatment is sequentially discharged after being dedusted by the granite water film deduster and denitrated and desulfurized by the washing tower.
Further, the supernatant on the upper part of the sedimentation tank is pumped to the granite water film deduster through a lifting pump to wash the tail gas, and then the tail gas flows back to the ball mill.
Further, the sedimentation tank is communicated with a spraying and washing system in the washing tower through a conveying pipeline, tail gas in the washing tower is subjected to desulfurization and denitrification treatment by utilizing supernatant, and the treated supernatant flows back to the sedimentation tank from the bottom of the washing tower through a return pipe.
Further, the sedimentation tank is communicated with the feeding end of the ball mill through a circulating pipeline with a circulating pump.
Furthermore, a wet electrostatic dust collector is arranged between the granite water film dust collector and the washing tower.
Furthermore, the floating objects in the sand-water separator are separated from the mud through a grid dirt separator.
Furthermore, the garbage in the garbage storage pool is grabbed by the grab bucket and then placed on the plate feeder, and is conveyed to the ball mill by the plate feeder.
Further, a mud pump for pumping the bottom mud to the filter-pressing dehydrator is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts a ball mill to crush domestic garbage, and divides the crushed garbage into three types according to different specific gravities through a sand-water separator: the floating materials and the mud cakes can be used for manufacturing RDF fuel, the press filtrate is clear and transparent in appearance, the content of suspended matters is extremely low, the discharge standard can be achieved, and the sewage treatment burden is greatly reduced. The inorganic particles can be made into cement bricks for sale, and the integral treatment equipment has the advantages of simple structure and low treatment cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for treating garbage by using a ball mill, which uses a treatment apparatus comprising a garbage storage tank 1, a ball mill 2, a grid sewage disposal machine 3, a sand-water separator 4, a settling tank 5 and a filter-press dehydrator 6. Be equipped with gas collecting channel 7 at the top of rubbish reservoir 1, be equipped with driving 8 in the gas collecting channel 7, the bottom of driving 8 is equipped with grab bucket 9, the feed end of ball mill 2 and the output butt joint of plate feeder 10, and domestic waste in the rubbish reservoir 1 can be placed on plate feeder 10 after grabbing through grab bucket 9 to carry out the ball-milling in carrying to ball mill 2 by plate feeder 10. The feed end of sand-water separator 4 docks with the discharge end of ball mill 2, and mud outlet is through arranging thick liquid pipe 11 and 5 intercommunications in sedimentation tank 5, is equipped with slush pump 12 in sedimentation tank 5's bottom, and the export of slush pump 12 passes through pipe connection to filter-pressing hydroextractor 6, and grid de-dirt machine 3 docks with sand-water separator 4.
The working process of the embodiment is as follows: the domestic garbage after ball milling treatment by the ball mill 2 enters a sand-water separator 4 and is divided into three types according to different specific gravities: floating materials (high value-added plastics and combustible garbage (mainly grease)) floating on the water surface, suspended slurry and inorganic particles (mainly inorganic solid garbage and iron) sinking at the water bottom, wherein the floating materials are discharged from the sand-water separator 4 through the grating de-dirt machine 3; inorganic particles settled at the bottom of the water are conveyed out by a screw conveyer on the sand-water separator 4 and then deironing is carried out by a deironing machine 13, so that the inorganic particles can be used as raw materials for preparing cement bricks. The mud is conveyed to a sedimentation tank 5 through a mud discharge pipe for sedimentation treatment, the bottom mud at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 5 is conveyed to a filter pressing dehydrator 6 through a mud pump 12 for filter pressing dehydration treatment to obtain mud cakes and filter pressing liquid, and the filter pressing liquid is conveyed to a sewage treatment plant for treatment and then discharged after reaching the standard.
This embodiment adopts ball mill 2 to carry out crushing treatment to domestic waste to through sand water separator 4, according to the different three types of rubbish after will smashing of proportion: the floating materials, the suspended slurry and the inorganic particles, the precipitated slurry is sent into a slurry filter press dehydrator 6 by a slurry pump 12 to be filtered and dehydrated to form a slurry cake and a filter press liquid, the floating materials can be used for separating high value-added plastics (PP and PE), the plastic is sold after granulation, the added value is high and accords with the circular economy idea, the rest is combustible garbage to prepare RDF fuel for generating gas by pyrolysis, the RDF fuel can be prepared from the slurry cake, the filter press liquid has clear and transparent appearance, the content of suspended matters is extremely low, the discharge standard can be reached, and the sewage treatment burden is greatly reduced. The inorganic particles can be made into cement bricks for sale, and the integral treatment equipment has the advantages of simple structure and low treatment cost.
In some embodiments, to facilitate the accumulation of the deposit of mud, the inner bottom surface of the settling pond 5 is sloped, and mud pumps 12 are provided at the lowest end of the slope.
In some embodiments, the ball required for the ball milling process is made of steel balls, and the steel balls used for the ball milling process are mixed grinding balls with different diameters, and the mixing mode comprises the following steps: the content of the grinding balls with the diameter of 110-80 mm is 60 percent by weight, the content of the grinding balls with the diameter of 80-60 mm is 30 percent by weight, and the content of the grinding balls with the diameter of less than or equal to 60 mm is 10 percent by weight.
The present embodiment mixes the types of grinding balls for use, mainly because the mixing not only shortens the ball milling time and improves the efficiency, but also more importantly, obtains more uniform slurry.
It should be noted that the equipment such as the grid sewage disposal machine 3, the sand-water separator 4, the filter-press dehydrator 6, the iron remover 13, etc. involved in this embodiment are all existing mature equipment, and the specific structures thereof are all known in the art, and are not described herein again.
The ball mill 2 which is the key equipment adopted by the technical scheme is general equipment for mining industry and has the advantages of large processing capacity, low power consumption, low failure rate and low manufacturing cost.
Referring to fig. 1, it can be understood that, in practical application, the processing apparatus of this embodiment may further include a second combustion chamber 14, a drying and carbonizing machine 15, a granite water film dust remover 16, a wet electric dust remover 17, and a washing tower 18, which are connected in sequence, wherein odor in the garbage storage tank 1 is collected by the gas collecting hood 7 and then sucked and extracted to the second combustion chamber 14 by the induced draft fan 19, the odor is sufficiently decomposed, mud cakes and floating objects enter the drying and carbonizing machine 15 together with high-temperature flue gas to be carbonized into active carbon or active carbon base materials, and tail gas is sequentially subjected to dust removal by the granite water film dust remover 16, the wet electric dust remover 17, and denitration and desulfurization by the washing tower 18 and then passes through the fan 26 at the top of the washing tower 18 to realize high-.
In the embodiment, the odor generated by the garbage is collected by the gas collecting hood 7 and is combusted and decomposed in the secondary combustion chamber 14, so that the problem of the odor of the garbage is solved, and the high-temperature flue gas after combustion is used as heat required by carbonization of mud cakes and floating objects, so that the effective utilization of energy is realized.
Referring to fig. 1, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the supernatant in the sedimentation tank 5 is transported to the granite water scrubber 16 through a transport pipe with a lift pump (not shown in the figure), and the supernatant washes the tail gas and smoke dust in the granite water scrubber 16, absorbs the heat thereof, heats itself, and then flows back to the ball mill 2 to serve as the ball milling medium of the ball mill 2.
In the embodiment, the ball milling medium in the ball mill 2 is high-temperature hot water, which is beneficial to scrubbing oil stains on the surface of garbage by inorganic matters, and simultaneously, the high-temperature hot water is beneficial to scrubbing the oil stains and gummed paper, so that the oil content finally contained in inorganic particles is low, combustible materials are recovered to the maximum extent, and the heat value of the combustible garbage (floating materials and mud cakes) is improved; in addition, the heat of heating the supernatant is generated by the waste heat of the flue gas in the odor treatment process, so that the problem of treating the garbage odor is solved, and the heating of the ball-milling medium is realized on the premise of not additionally increasing the energy loss.
It should be explained that, in practical application, the temperature of the ball milling medium needs to be limited within a proper range, both too high or too low temperatures will have adverse effects, when the temperature is too low, the oil stain and gummed paper cleaning effect is not good, and the purpose of wiping the oil stain and other substances with strong adhesiveness from the surface of the garbage cannot be achieved, and when the temperature is too high, the service life of the ball mill 2 and subsequent processing equipment will be affected, therefore, the temperature of the ball milling medium is generally limited to 40-60 ℃.
Referring to fig. 1, in addition, in order to realize the flexible adjustment of the temperature of the ball milling medium, a circulation pipeline 20 for adjusting the temperature can be further arranged, one end of the circulation pipeline 20 is communicated with the sedimentation tank 5, the other end of the circulation pipeline is communicated with the feeding end of the ball milling machine 2, a circulation pump 21 is arranged on the circulation pipeline 20, cold supernatant is conveyed to the ball milling machine 2 through the circulation pump 21 and is mixed with the heated supernatant, so that the purpose of adjusting the temperature of the ball milling medium is achieved, a temperature measuring element can be further arranged inside the ball milling machine 2 or at the discharging end, the purpose of measuring the temperature inside the ball milling machine is achieved, the measured temperature is fed back to the control end of the circulation pump and the control end of the lifting pump through the temperature measuring element, and the.
In order to realize the recycling of water sources in the whole garbage treatment process, supernatant in the sedimentation tank is conveyed to be communicated with a spraying and washing system in the washing tower 18 through another conveying pipeline, tail gas in the washing tower 18 is subjected to desulfurization and denitrification treatment by utilizing the supernatant through a spraying pipe of the spraying and washing system, and the treated supernatant flows back to the sedimentation tank from the bottom of the washing tower 18 through a return pipe 22.
In the embodiment, the tail gas in the washing tower 18 is subjected to denitration and desulfurization treatment by utilizing the characteristic that the supernatant after the garbage treatment is alkaline, and spraying alkali liquor is not required to be additionally added into the washing tower 18, so that the resource utilization is fully realized.
Preferably, the pressure filtration liquid generated by the pressure filtration dehydrator 6 is sent to the pressure filtration liquid pool 23, the pressure filtration liquid pool 23 is provided with a washing water pump 24 for washing the pressure filtration dehydrator, and the pressure filtration liquid is pumped to the pressure filtration dehydrator through the washing water pump 24 to be washed reversely, so that the filter element is prevented from being blocked. A filter pressing liquid pump 25 can be further arranged in the filter pressing liquid pool 23, and filter pressing liquid is conveyed to a sewage treatment plant through the filter pressing liquid pump 25.
Referring to fig. 1, a process for treating garbage by using a ball mill, which uses the treatment device of the above embodiment, includes the following steps:
the household garbage is conveyed into a factory by a transport vehicle and dumped into a garbage storage pool 1 for storage;
the garbage in the garbage storage pool 1 is sent to a plate feeder 10 by a grab bucket 9 on the traveling crane and is continuously sent into the ball mill 2;
the garbage after ball milling treatment enters a sand-water separator 4 and is divided into three types according to different specific gravities: floating materials floating on the water surface, inorganic particles (inorganic solid garbage and iron) sinking at the water bottom and slurry between the inorganic particles and the floating materials; the floating materials are separated from the slurry by a grating de-dirt machine 3 and can be used for manufacturing RDF fuel, inorganic particles are conveyed out by a screw conveyor and deironing by a deironing machine 13 and can be used as a raw material for preparing cement bricks, and the slurry enters a sedimentation tank for sedimentation treatment;
the precipitated mud is sent to a mud filter-press dehydrator 6 by a mud pump 12 for filter-pressing dehydration to form mud cakes (the water content is less than 50 percent, and the mud cakes are used for preparing RDF fuel after being dried by a dryer) and filter-pressing liquid (SS is less than 20mg/L and is sent to a sewage treatment plant for treatment).
The odor in the garbage storage pool 1 is sucked and pumped to the secondary combustion chamber 14 by the induced draft fan 19, and the odor is fully decomposed;
the mud cake and the floating materials and the high-temperature flue gas enter a drying and carbonizing machine 15 to be carbonized into active carbon or active carbon base materials;
tail gas generated by the drying and carbonizing machine 15 is dedusted by a granite water film deduster 16 and a wet electric deduster 17 in sequence; and enters a washing tower 18 for desulfurization and denitrification treatment to realize discharge.
The supernatant in the sedimentation tank is sent into a granite water film dust remover 16 through a lifting pump to wash and dry tail gas smoke dust, absorbs heat of the tail gas smoke dust, heats the tail gas smoke dust and returns to the ball mill 2 to serve as a ball milling medium.
The main advantage of this embodiment lies in, in the ball-milling in-process, inflammable substance such as greasy dirt and colloid on rubbish surface under the effect of inorganic matter friction and high temperature ball-milling medium, separates fast and come up to float in with inorganic solid rubbish or the suspension mud to can improve the calorific value of combustible rubbish such as floater or suspension mud, also can reach the purpose of purifying inorganic particulate matter simultaneously.
The above examples are merely illustrative for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Nor is it intended to be exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for treating garbage by adopting a ball mill is characterized by comprising the following steps:
conveying the garbage in the garbage storage tank into a ball mill for ball milling treatment;
carrying out sand-water separation on the garbage subjected to ball milling treatment by using a sand-water separator to separate three substances: flotage, inorganic particulate matter and slurry between the inorganic particulate matter and the flotage; the floater is used as RDF fuel or active carbon raw material, and the inorganic particles are used as building raw material after being deironized;
the separated slurry enters a sedimentation tank for sedimentation treatment;
and (3) carrying out filter pressing dehydration treatment on the sediment after the precipitation treatment by using a filter pressing dehydrator to obtain a mud cake, wherein the mud cake is used as an RDF fuel or an active carbon raw material.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of: odor in the garbage storage tank is collected by the gas collecting hood and then sucked and pumped to the secondary combustion chamber by the draught fan for combustion, high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion, mud cakes and floaters enter the drying and carbonizing machine together for carbonizing treatment, tail gas after carbonizing treatment is sequentially discharged after being dedusted by the granite water film deduster and denitrated and desulfurized by the washing tower.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the supernatant in the upper part of the sedimentation tank is pumped to the aggregate water dust scrubber to wash the tail gas and then flows back to the ball mill.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the sedimentation tank is communicated with a spray washing system in the washing tower through a conveying pipeline, the tail gas in the washing tower is subjected to desulfurization and denitrification treatment by using the supernatant, and the treated supernatant flows back to the sedimentation tank from the bottom of the washing tower through a return pipe.
5. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the settling tank communicates with the feed end of the ball mill via a circulation pipe with a circulation pump.
6. The method according to claim 2, wherein a wet electrostatic precipitator is further provided between the granite water scrubber and the scrubber tower.
7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the floaters in the sand-water separator are separated from the slurry by a grid de-aerator.
8. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the waste in the waste reservoir is captured by a grab and placed on a slat feeder and transported by the slat feeder to the ball mill.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the bottom of the settling tank is provided with a slurry pump for pumping the bottom sludge to the filter press dewaterer.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111672891A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-09-18 | 第一环保（深圳）股份有限公司 | Kitchen waste treatment method and treatment system |
| CN111774415A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-10-16 | 第一环保（深圳）股份有限公司 | Sewage sludge, garbage and excrement slag based co-treatment method and system |
| CN113149382A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-07-23 | 金茂(深圳)生态科技有限公司 | Municipal sludge and engineering slurry co-processing device and co-processing method thereof |
| CN113385264A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-14 | 深圳市誉辉生态科技有限公司 | Wet-type ball-milling wet separation treatment device and method for garbage |
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