CN113212247A - Management system and new energy automobile of power battery package - Google Patents
Management system and new energy automobile of power battery package Download PDFInfo
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- CN113212247A CN113212247A CN202110680720.7A CN202110680720A CN113212247A CN 113212247 A CN113212247 A CN 113212247A CN 202110680720 A CN202110680720 A CN 202110680720A CN 113212247 A CN113212247 A CN 113212247A
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- 230000007958 sleep Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 50
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a management system of a power battery pack and a new energy automobile, which comprise: the system comprises a main controller, N slave controllers, a power supply conversion module, a driving module, a monitoring module, an acquisition module and a plurality of contactors; the power supply conversion module is the working voltage of the main controller; each slave controller collects the state information of each single battery in the corresponding battery core and feeds the state information back to the master controller; the main controller controls the driving module to drive the contactors to be closed or disconnected in a one-to-one mode, detects the charging state of the power battery pack, controls the monitoring module to monitor the high-voltage and the insulation resistance of the power battery pack, collects the running state of the power battery pack through the collecting module, and outputs control signals according to state information, the charging state, the high-voltage, the insulation resistance and the running state to acquire more comprehensive state information, so that the safe and accurate management and control of the power battery pack can be realized, and the reliability is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobiles, in particular to a management system of a power battery pack and a new energy automobile.
Background
With the continuous development of science and technology, the energy of automobiles tends to be diversified, and new energy automobiles such as pure electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles gradually appear. In order to meet the power demand of a new energy automobile, a power battery pack, which is one of main energy sources of the new energy automobile, generally includes a plurality of battery cells, and each battery cell further includes a plurality of battery cells. The complicated and important power battery pack needs a special power battery pack management system for management control. The existing management system of the power battery pack obtains single state information of the power battery pack, lacks detection and management of the power battery pack, and has the problems of low reliability and low safety.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a management system of a power battery pack and a new energy automobile, which can acquire more comprehensive state information, realize safe and accurate management and control of the power battery pack and improve the safety and reliability.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a management system for a power battery pack, where the power battery pack includes N battery cells, each battery cell includes a plurality of battery cells, and the management system for the power battery pack includes: the system comprises a main controller, N slave controllers, a power supply conversion module, a driving module, a monitoring module, an acquisition module and a plurality of contactors; wherein N is a positive integer;
the power supply conversion module is electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted storage battery and the main controller respectively; the power supply conversion module is used for converting the power supply voltage of the vehicle-mounted storage battery into the working voltage of the main controller and providing the working voltage to the main controller;
the signal acquisition end of each slave controller is electrically connected with each battery cell in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the slave controller is used for acquiring the state information of each single battery in the corresponding battery core under the control of the master controller, controlling the charge and discharge state of each single battery in the corresponding battery core and feeding the state information back to the master controller;
the main controller is electrically connected with the driving module; the main controller is also used for controlling the driving modules to drive the contactors to be switched on or switched off in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and receiving contact signals fed back by the contactors so as to detect the charging state of the power battery pack;
the main controller is also electrically connected with the monitoring module; the main controller is also used for controlling the monitoring module to monitor the high-voltage and the insulation resistance of the power battery pack;
the main controller is also electrically connected with the acquisition module; the main controller is also used for acquiring the running state of the power battery pack through the acquisition module;
the main controller is used for outputting control signals according to the state information fed back by the sub-controllers, the charging state of the power battery pack, the high-voltage, the insulation resistance and the running state.
Optionally, the N slave controllers are arranged in a loop cascade through a daisy chain; the first input end of the first-stage slave controller is electrically connected with the master controller; the first output end of each level of slave controllers pointing to the (N-1) th level of slave controllers from the first level of slave controllers is electrically connected with the first input end of the next level of slave controllers; the first output end of the Nth-stage slave controller is electrically connected with the second input end thereof; the second output end of each level of slave controllers pointing to the second level of slave controllers from the Nth level of slave controllers is electrically connected with the second input end of the next level of slave controllers; the second output end of the first-stage slave controller is electrically connected with the master controller; the first-stage slave controller is used for acquiring the state information of each single battery in the corresponding battery core under the control of the battery core control signal output by the master controller, and outputting the acquired state information and the battery core control signal to the next-stage slave controller; each level of slave controllers between the first level of slave controllers and the nth level of slave controllers are used for acquiring the state information of each single battery in the corresponding battery cell under the control of the battery cell control signal, and transmitting the acquired state information, the state information output by the slave controller at the upper level of the slave controllers and the battery cell control signal to the slave controller at the lower level of the slave controllers; and each level of slave controllers from the Nth level of slave controllers to the first level of slave controllers are also used for sequentially transmitting the state information acquired by each level of slave controllers to the first level of slave controllers in a level-by-level manner, and outputting the state information to the master controller by the first level of slave controllers.
Optionally, the management system of the power battery pack further includes: a clock module; the clock module is electrically connected with the main controller and the power supply conversion module respectively; the clock module is used for controlling the power supply conversion module to be in sleep periodically or be awaken periodically under the control of the main controller.
Optionally, the management system of the power battery pack further includes: intelligent switches and mechanical switches; the input end of the intelligent switch is electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted storage battery, the output end of the intelligent switch is electrically connected with the driving module through the mechanical switch, and the control end of the intelligent switch is electrically connected with the main controller; the intelligent switch is used for being switched on or switched off under the control of the main controller, and transmits the power supply voltage of the vehicle-mounted storage battery to the driving module through the switched-on mechanical switch when the intelligent switch is switched on, so as to supply power to the driving module.
Optionally, the management system of the power battery pack further includes a main relay; the first end of the main relay is electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted storage battery, the second end of the main relay is electrically connected with the power supply conversion module and the intelligent switch respectively, and the control end of the main relay is electrically connected with the main controller; the main relay is used for being closed or opened under the control of the main controller.
Optionally, the driving module includes a plurality of high-side switches and a plurality of low-side switches; each high-side switch is electrically connected with the power end of each contactor in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and each low-side switch is electrically connected with the grounding end of each contactor in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the control end of each high-side switch and the control end of each low-side switch are electrically connected with the main controller; the main controller is used for respectively controlling the on or off of each high-side switch and each low-side switch so as to drive the on or off of each contactor.
Optionally, the monitoring module includes a voltage monitoring unit and an insulation resistance monitoring unit; the voltage monitoring unit is electrically connected with the positive end and the negative end of the power battery pack respectively; the voltage monitoring unit is used for collecting the high-voltage between the positive bus and the negative bus under the control of the main controller; the insulation resistance monitoring unit is electrically connected with the positive end and the negative end of the power battery pack; the insulation resistance monitoring unit is used for collecting a first insulation resistance of the positive bus to the ground and a second insulation resistance of the negative bus to the ground under the control of the main controller.
Optionally, the management system of the power battery pack further includes a communication module; the communication module is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit and the main controller respectively; the communication module is used for transmitting communication information between the vehicle control unit and the main controller.
Optionally, the communication module includes a vehicle communication unit and a charging communication unit; the vehicle communication unit is electrically connected with the vehicle controller, the main controller and the power conversion module respectively; the vehicle communication unit is used for transmitting the control signal of the main controller to the power conversion module under the control of the vehicle controller so as to control the power conversion module to sleep or wake up; the charging communication unit is electrically connected with the main controller; the charging communication unit is used for transmitting a charging confirmation signal to the main controller.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a new energy vehicle, including the management system for a power battery pack according to the first aspect.
In the embodiment of the invention, the state information of each single battery in each cell is acquired by each slave controller in a one-to-one corresponding manner and fed back to the master controller, and when the master controller controls the driving module to drive each contactor in a one-to-one corresponding manner, the master controller receives contact signals fed back by each contactor to detect the charging state of the power battery pack; meanwhile, the main controller also controls the monitoring module to monitor the high-voltage and the insulation resistance of the power battery pack, and controls the acquisition module to acquire the running state of the power battery pack, so that the main controller can output various control signals according to the received state information, the charging state, the high-voltage, the insulation resistance and the running state, thereby carrying out safe and accurate management and control on the power battery pack on the premise of acquiring more comprehensive state information, and improving the running safety and reliability of the power battery pack.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a management system of a power battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another power battery pack management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another power battery pack management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another management system for a power battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another management system for a power battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulation resistance monitoring unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a structural block diagram of a new energy vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a management system of a power battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the management system 1 of the power battery pack includes a master controller 10, N slave controllers 20 (a first-stage slave controller 21, a second-stage slave controller 22, … …, and an nth-stage slave controller 2N), a power conversion module 30, a driving module 40, a monitoring module 50, an acquisition module 60, and a plurality of contactors 70 (a contactor 71, contactors 72, … …, and a contactor 7p, where p is a natural number greater than or equal to 2); wherein N is a positive integer.
The power conversion module 30 is electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted storage battery 2 and the main controller 10 respectively; the power conversion module 30 is configured to convert a power supply voltage of the vehicle-mounted battery 2 into an operating voltage of the main controller 10, and provide the operating voltage to the main controller 10. Illustratively, the power conversion module 30 may include an integrated hfice power chip TLE7368-2E and various discrete power supply units, such as an internal logic power supply unit, a driver module power supply unit, a sensor power supply unit, an isolation power supply unit, and the like. The power conversion module 30 is electrically connected to the vehicle-mounted battery 2, and can receive a 12V supply voltage of the vehicle-mounted battery 2, convert the supply voltage into 3.3V and 1.2V operating voltages of the main controller 10, and supply power to the main controller 10. The power conversion module 30 may convert the 12V supply voltage into a 5.5V operating voltage to supply power to each pull-up resistor, sensor, processing circuit, and the like in the management system 1 of the power battery pack.
The power battery pack 3 may include N battery cells 300 (battery cell 301, battery cells 302, … …, and battery cell 30N), and each battery cell 300 includes a plurality of battery cells (not shown in fig. 1) to meet the energy demand of the new energy automobile. The signal acquisition ends of the N slave controllers 20 are electrically connected to the N battery cells 300 in a one-to-one correspondence; the slave controller 20 is configured to collect state information of the single battery in the corresponding battery cell 300 under the control of the master controller 10, control the charge and discharge state of each single battery in the corresponding battery cell 300, and feed back the state information to the master controller 10.
Specifically, the state information of the single battery may include electric quantity information, temperature information, and the like of the single battery. The N slave controllers 20 can be a first-level slave controller 21, a second-level slave controller 22, … … and an nth-level slave controller 2N respectively; the first-stage slave controller 21 is electrically connected with the battery core 301, the first-stage slave controller 21 acquires current electric quantity and temperature information of each single battery in the battery core 301, and adjusts and controls electric quantity of all the single batteries to keep balance, when the electric quantity of a certain single battery is higher, the single battery can be discharged, and when the electric quantity of a certain single battery is lower, the single battery can also be charged, that is, the first-stage slave controller 21 can manage and control electric quantity balance of the corresponding battery core 301; similarly, the second-level slave controller 22 is electrically connected to the battery cell 302, the second-level slave controller 22 obtains current electric quantity and temperature information of each battery cell in the battery cell 302, and adjusts and controls the electric quantity of all the battery cells to keep balance, when the electric quantity of a certain battery cell is higher, the battery cell can be discharged, and when the electric quantity of a certain battery cell is lower, the battery cell can also be charged, that is, the second-level slave controller 22 can manage and control the electric quantity balance of the corresponding battery cell 302; by analogy, the nth level is electrically connected with the battery core 30N from the controller 2N, the nth level acquires the current electric quantity and the temperature information of each single battery in the battery core 30N from the controller 2N, and adjusts and controls the electric quantity of all the single batteries to keep balance, when the electric quantity of a certain single battery is higher, the battery can be discharged, when the electric quantity of a certain single battery is lower, the single battery can also be charged, namely, the nth level can manage and control the electric quantity balance of the corresponding battery core 30N from the controller 2N. Correspondingly, the N slave controllers 20 may be managed and controlled by the master controller 10, that is, each slave controller (21, 22, … …, 2N) may receive a control signal from the master controller 10, collect state information of the corresponding battery cell 300 under the control of the control signal, feed the state information back to the master controller 10, and control the electric quantity balance of the corresponding battery cell 300 under the control of the master controller 10.
In addition, the main controller 10 is electrically connected to the driving module 40, the monitoring module 50 and the collecting module 60 respectively; the main controller 10 controls the driving module 40 to drive the contactors 70 to be closed or opened in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and receives a contact signal fed back by the contactors 70 to detect the charging state of the power battery pack 3; the main controller 10 can also control the monitoring module 50 to monitor the high-voltage and the insulation resistance of the power battery pack 3; the main controller 10 also collects the running state of the power battery pack 3 through a collection module 60; in this way, the main controller 10 can output a control signal based on the state information fed back from each of the controllers 20, the state of charge of the power battery pack 3, the high voltage, the insulation resistance, and the operating state.
Specifically, the charging state of the power battery pack 3 may include a fast charging state, a pre-charging state and a slow charging state; when the driving module 40 is electrically connected to each of the contactors (71, 72, … …, 7p), the driving module 40 can drive different contactors (71, 72, … …, 7p) to be closed or opened under the control of the main controller 10, so that the closed loop formed by the corresponding contactors (e.g. the contactor 71 and the contactor 72) feeds back different contact signals to the main controller 10, and the main controller 10 determines whether the current charging state of the power battery pack 3 is consistent with the charging mode at the charging confirmation location according to the different contact signals. For example, the charging mode at the charging confirmation place is a slow charging mode, but the main controller 10 detects that the current charging state of the power battery pack 3 is a fast charging state based on the contact signals fed back by the contactor 71 and the contactor 72, and can determine that the charging state of the power battery pack 3 is abnormal, and further perform alarm and troubleshooting. Meanwhile, the monitoring module 50 may be electrically connected to the positive bus terminal and the negative bus terminal of the power battery pack 3, respectively, and the monitoring module 50 collects and detects the high voltage and the insulation resistance of the power battery pack 3 in real time under the control signal of the main controller 10, and feeds back the monitoring result to the main controller 10. Accordingly, the operation state of the power battery pack 3 may include various analog quantity signals, various switching quantity signals, and various frequency quantity signals. For example, the analog quantity signal may include temperature signals of the water inlet and the water outlet of the power battery pack 3, a bus current signal of the power battery pack 3, and the like, the switching quantity signal may include a confirmation signal of alternating current charging, an interlock signal, and the like, and the frequency quantity signal may include an airbag collision signal, a fan signal, and the like; at this time, the collection module 60 may be electrically connected to various sensors, and the collection module 60 obtains the current operation state of the power battery pack 3 through the various sensors and is received by the main controller 10, so that the main controller 10 confirms whether the power battery pack 3 is in a normal operation state.
It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the main controller 10 may be any microcomputer with a management control function, such as a single chip microcomputer, and preferably, the main controller 10 provided in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a 32-bit single chip microcomputer SPC5642AF2MLU1 of enginepu, which has abundant pin resources and can reduce the cost while meeting the control requirement. The master controller 10 may send a control signal to each slave controller 20, so that each slave controller 20 collects the state information of the corresponding battery cell 300, and controls the slave controller 20 to charge and discharge each single battery of the corresponding battery cell 300 according to the state information, so as to balance the electric quantity of all the single batteries; the main controller 10 may also send a control signal to the driving module 40, so that the driving module 40 controls the on and off of each contactor 70, and receive a contact signal fed back by the contactor 70, so as to detect whether the current charging state of the power battery pack 3 is normal; the main controller 10 may also send a control signal to the monitoring module 50, so that the monitoring module 50 detects the high-voltage and the insulation resistance of the power battery pack 3 in real time; the main controller 10 can also obtain various analog quantity signals, switching value signals and frequency quantity signals through the acquisition module 60 to judge whether the current operation state of the power battery pack 30 is normal; in addition, the main controller 10 may also adjust various control signals according to information fed back by each module, including state information of the battery cells, contact information of the contactor 70, the high voltage and insulation resistance of the monitoring module 50, and the operation state acquired by the acquisition module 60, so as to realize safe and accurate control of the power battery pack 3.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the master controller 10, the N slave controllers 20, the power conversion module 30, the driving module 40, the monitoring module 50, and the acquisition module 60 may be integrated on the same circuit board 1 ', that is, various functional modules of the management system 1 of the power battery pack are integrated on the same circuit board 1', so that the provided hardware circuit is more complete and has higher reliability, and the number of circuit boards and interfaces is reduced, thereby saving space and cost. At this time, each of the contactors 70 may be disposed outside the circuit board 1'.
The management system of the power battery pack provided by the embodiment of the invention integrates the master controller, the plurality of slave controllers, the power conversion module, the driving module, the monitoring module and the acquisition module, saves space and reduces cost, can acquire more comprehensive state information, realizes safe and accurate management and control of the power battery pack, and improves safety and reliability.
Alternatively, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another power battery pack management system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the N slave controllers 20 are arranged in a daisy chain in a loop cascade; wherein, the first input end of the first-stage slave controller 21 is electrically connected with the master controller 10; the first output end of each level of slave controllers pointing to the (N-1) th level of slave controllers 2N-1 from the first level of slave controllers 21 is electrically connected with the first input end of the next level of slave controllers; a first output end of the nth-stage slave controller 2N is electrically connected with a second input end thereof; the second output end of each level of slave controllers pointing to the second level of slave controllers 22 from the nth level of slave controllers 2N is electrically connected with the second input end of the next level of slave controllers; a second output end of the first-stage slave controller 21 is electrically connected with the master controller 10; the first-stage slave controller 21 is configured to collect state information of each single battery in the corresponding battery cell 301 under the control of the battery cell control signal output by the master controller 10, and output the collected state information and the battery cell control signal to a next-stage slave controller thereof; each level of slave controllers between the first-level slave controller 21 and the nth-level slave controller 2N are configured to, under the control of the cell control signal, acquire state information of each cell in the corresponding cell 300, and transmit the acquired state information, state information output by the slave controller at the upper level thereof, and the cell control signal to the slave controller at the lower level thereof; each level of the slave controllers from the nth level slave controller 2N to the first level slave controller 21 is further configured to sequentially level-transfer the state information acquired by each level of the slave controllers to the first level slave controller 21, and output the state information to the master controller 10 from the first level slave controller 21.
Specifically, when the N slave controllers 20 are cascaded in a daisy chain manner, a first input end of the first-stage slave controller 21 is electrically connected to the master controller 10, and may receive a cell control signal of the master controller 10; a first output end of the first-stage slave controller 21 is electrically connected with a first input end of the second-stage slave controller 22, and the first-stage slave controller 21 transmits the cell control signal and the state information of each single battery in the cell 301 to the second-stage slave controller 22; a first output end of the second-level slave controller 22 is electrically connected with a first input end of the third-level slave controller 23, and the second-level slave controller 22 transmits the cell control signal, the state information of each single battery in the cell 301 and the state information of each single battery in the cell 302 to the third-level slave controller 23; by analogy, the first output end of the nth-1-level slave controller 2N-1 is electrically connected with the first input end of the nth-level slave controller 2N, and the nth-1-level slave controller 2N-1 transmits the cell control signal, the state information of each cell in the cell 301, the state information of each cell in the cell 302, the state information of each cell in the cell 303, … … and the state information of each cell in the cell 30N-1 to the nth-level slave controller 2N; a first output end of the nth level slave controller 2N is electrically connected with a second input end thereof, a second output end of the nth level slave controller 2N is electrically connected with a second input end of the nth-1 level slave controller 2N-1, and the nth level slave controller 2N transmits state information of each single battery in the battery cell 301, state information of each single battery in the battery cell 302, state information of each single battery in the battery cell 303, … …, state information of each single battery in the battery cell 30N-1, and state information of each single battery in the battery cell 30N to the nth-1 level slave controller 2N-1; according to subsidiary transmission … …; a second output end of the second-stage slave controller 22 is electrically connected to a second input end of the first-stage slave controller 21, and transmits the state information of each battery cell in the battery cell 301, the state information of each battery cell in the battery cell 302, the state information of each battery cell in the battery cell 303, … …, the state information of each battery cell in the battery cell 30n-1, and the state information of each battery cell in the battery cell 30n to the first-stage slave controller 21; a second output end of the first-stage slave controller 21 is electrically connected to the master controller 10, and transmits the state information of each battery cell in the battery cell 301, the state information of each battery cell in the battery cell 302, the state information of each battery cell in the battery cell 303, … …, the state information of each battery cell in the battery cell 30n-1, and the state information of each battery cell in the battery cell 30n to the master controller 10, so that the master controller 10 analyzes and processes the state information. Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, each slave controller 20 may adopt a MAX17823 chip of the meixin company, and may collect the electric quantity state of each single battery in the corresponding battery cell 300, balance the electric quantity, detect the temperature, perform a fault alarm, and the like.
With continued reference to fig. 2, the management system 1 of the power battery pack may further include a data conversion chip 11; the data conversion chip 11 is electrically connected to the master controller 10 and the first-level slave controller 21, respectively. The data conversion chip 11 may adopt a MAX17841 chip of meixin corporation, UART communication is adopted between the slave controllers 20, the master controller 10 adopts SPI communication, and the data conversion chip 11 is used to realize mutual conversion between the SPI protocol and the UART protocol, that is, to realize communication between the master controller 10 and the first-stage slave controller 21.
Optionally, an isolation circuit (not shown in fig. 2) may be further disposed between the data conversion chip 11 and the first-stage slave controller 21, and the isolation circuit may employ a TDK VMT35DR _ X01S1P2 isolation transformer, which has strong interference resistance and small leakage current, and can improve reliability.
Optionally, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another power battery pack management system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the power battery pack management system 1 may further include: a clock module 80; the clock module 80 is electrically connected with the main controller 10 and the power conversion module 30 respectively; the clock module 80 is used for controlling the power conversion module 30 to periodically sleep or periodically wake up under the control of the main controller 10.
Illustratively, the clock module 80 may be a real-time clock. The main controller 10 may control the start time of the clock module 80, so that the clock module 80 periodically wakes up the power conversion module 30, so that the power conversion module 30 supplies power to other modules of the management system 1 of the power battery pack to update data, for example, the main controller 10 may set the clock module 80 to wake up the power conversion module 30 every 3 days or a week to supply power to each module, and the main controller 10 may update data of the state of the power battery pack 3 and the state of each module, or check whether a fault occurs.
Optionally, with continuing reference to fig. 3, the management system 1 for a power battery pack may further include: an intelligent switch 90 and a mechanical switch 91; the input end of the intelligent switch 90 is electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted storage battery 2, the output end of the intelligent switch 90 is electrically connected with the driving module 40 through the mechanical switch 91, and the control end of the intelligent switch 90 is electrically connected with the main controller 10; the intelligent switch 90 is used for being switched on or off under the control of the main controller 10, and transmits the power supply voltage of the vehicle-mounted storage battery 2 to the driving module 40 through the switched-on mechanical switch 91 when the intelligent switch is switched on, so as to supply power to the driving module 40.
Specifically, the intelligent switch 90 may be disposed in the circuit board 1', and the main controller 10 controls the on/off of the intelligent switch; the mechanical switch 91 may be disposed outside the circuit board 1', and may be turned on or off manually, and the mechanical switch 91 may be a low voltage maintenance switch. The power supply of the driving module 40 is directly from the vehicle-mounted storage battery 2, the power supply of other modules on the management system 1 of the power battery pack is from the power conversion module 30, that is, the power supply of other modules on the management system 1 of the power battery pack is isolated from the power supply of the driving module 40, and the on or off of the power supply circuit of the driving module 40 is controlled by two switches, namely, the intelligent switch 90 and the mechanical switch 91. It can be understood that the mechanical switch 91 may be set as a normally closed switch, and the power supply on/off of the driving module 40 is controlled by the main controller 10 through the intelligent switch 90, but when the management system 1 of the power battery pack fails, a worker may also turn off the power supply circuit of the driving module 40 through the mechanical switch 91 outside the circuit board 1'.
Optionally, with continued reference to fig. 3, the management system 1 of the power battery pack may further include a main relay 92; a first end of the main relay 92 is electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted storage battery 2, a second end of the main relay 92 is electrically connected with the power conversion module 30 and the intelligent switch 90 respectively, and a control end of the main relay 92 is electrically connected with the main controller 10; the main relay 92 is used to be closed or opened under the control of the main controller 10.
Specifically, the main relay 92 may be disposed between the vehicle-mounted storage battery 2 and the power supply circuit of the management system 1 of the power battery pack, and may be controlled by the main controller 10. Under the control of the main controller 10, the main relay 92 is closed, and the power supply voltage of the vehicle-mounted storage battery 2 is transmitted to the power conversion module 30 and the intelligent switch 90, respectively.
Optionally, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another management system for a power battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the driving module 40 includes a plurality of high-side switches 41 (a high-side switch 411, a high-side switch 412, high-side switches 413, … …, and a high-side switch 41p) and a plurality of low-side switches 42 (a low-side switch 421, a low-side switch 422, low-side switches 423, … …, and a low-side switch 42 p); each high-side switch (411, 412, 413, … …, 41p) is electrically connected with the power end of each contactor (71, 72, 73, … …, 7p) in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and each low-side switch (421, 422, 423, … …, 42p) is electrically connected with the grounding end of each contactor (71, 72, 73, … …, 7p) in a one-to-one correspondence mode; the control ends of the high-side switches (411, 412, 413, … … and 41p) and the control ends of the low-side switches (421, 422, 423, … … and 42p) are electrically connected with the main controller 10; the main controller 10 is used for respectively controlling the closing or opening of each high-side switch (411, 412, 413, … …, 41p) and each low-side switch (421, 422, 423, … …, 42p) so as to drive the closing or opening of each contactor (71, 72, 73, … …, 7 p).
Illustratively, each contactor (71, 72, … …, 7p) may be a switching device having a coil and a contact. The power supply end of the coil of the contactor 71 is electrically connected with the high-side switch 411, the ground end of the coil of the contactor 71 is electrically connected with the low-side switch 421, and the on/off of the high-side switch 411 and the low-side switch 421 are controlled by the main controller 10; a high-side switch 412 may be disposed at a power source terminal of the coil of the contactor 72, a low-side switch 422 may be disposed at a ground terminal of the coil of the contactor 72, and the high-side switch 412 and the low-side switch 422 are both controlled by the main controller 10 to be turned on or off; the power end of the coil of the contactor 73 is electrically connected with the high-side switch 413, the ground end of the coil of the contactor 73 is electrically connected with the low-side switch 423, and the on/off of the high-side switch 413 and the low-side switch 423 are controlled by the main controller 10; … …, respectively; a high-side switch 41p may be provided at a power supply terminal of the coil of the contactor 7p, a low-side switch 42p may be provided at a ground terminal of the coil of the contactor 7p, and the high-side switch 41p and the low-side switch 42p are controlled to be turned on or off by the main controller 10. The main controller 10 sends control signals to the high-side switch 41 and the low-side switch 42 corresponding to each contactor 70, and the contactor 70 is closed only when the high-side switch 41 and the low-side switch 42 corresponding to the contactor 70 are both closed, so that the safety and the accuracy are further improved.
For example, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another management system for a power battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 5, the plurality of contactors 70 may include a main positive contactor 71, a main negative contactor 72, a quick charge positive contactor 73, a quick charge negative contactor 74, and a pre-charge contactor 75; the main positive contactor 71 and the quick charge positive contactor 73 are connected in parallel between the positive terminal of the power battery pack 3 and the first terminal of the first resistor R1; the main negative contactor 72 and the quick-charging negative contactor 74 are connected between the negative end of the power battery pack 3 and the third resistor R3 in parallel; the pre-charging contactor 75 and the pre-charging resistor R are connected in series to form a pre-charging branch, and the pre-charging branch is connected in parallel between the positive terminal of the power battery pack 3 and the first terminal of the first resistor R1; a first end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected with a second end of the first resistor R1, and a second end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected with a first end of the third resistor R3; the processing circuit 76 is electrically connected between the first end and the second end of the second resistor R2, and is electrically connected to the main controller 10, for collecting the voltage of the second resistor R2, and transmitting the voltage to the main controller 10. Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the main controller 10 drives the contactors 70 one by the driving module 40 according to different charging modes, such as a fast charging mode and a slow charging mode, for example, to drive the fast charging positive contactor 73 and the fast charging negative contactor 74 to be closed simultaneously in the fast charging mode or to drive the main positive contactor 71 and the main negative contactor 72 to be closed simultaneously in the slow charging mode; meanwhile, in a state where the corresponding contactor 70 is closed, the processing circuit 76 collects the divided voltage of the second resistor R2, and the main controller 10 determines whether the charging state of the power battery pack 3 is normal or not according to the divided voltage of the second resistor R2. It should be noted that, in the slow charging mode, the main controller 10 may first control the pre-charging contactor 75 and the main negative contactor 72 to be closed, then control the main positive contactor 71 to be closed, and open the pre-charging contactor 75, so as to protect the rear-stage circuit, and prevent the rear-stage device from being damaged by an excessive current at the charging moment.
Optionally, with continued reference to fig. 3, the monitoring module 50 may include a voltage monitoring unit 51 and an insulation resistance monitoring unit 52; the voltage monitoring unit 51 is electrically connected with the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the power battery pack 3 respectively; the voltage monitoring unit 51 is used for collecting high-voltage between the positive bus and the negative bus under the control of the main controller 10; the insulation resistance monitoring unit 52 is electrically connected with the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the power battery pack 3; the insulation resistance monitoring unit 52 is used for acquiring a first insulation resistance of the positive bus to the ground and a second insulation resistance of the negative bus to the ground under the control of the main controller 10.
Specifically, the management system 1 of the power battery pack can monitor the high-voltage and the insulation resistance of the power battery pack 3, and the voltage detection unit 51 can acquire the current total electric quantity information of the power battery pack 3 by acquiring the voltages at the two ends of the positive electrode end and the negative electrode end of the power battery pack 3 and transmit the current total electric quantity information to the main controller 10; the insulation resistance monitoring unit 52 is electrically connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the power battery pack 3, and can collect the resistance of the first insulation resistance of the positive terminal to the ground and the resistance of the second insulation resistance of the negative terminal to the ground, and transmit the resistance to the main controller 10.
For example, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulation resistance monitoring unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 6, the embodiment of the present invention adopts a bridge detection method, a first end of a first insulation resistor Rp is electrically connected to a positive terminal of a power battery pack 3, a first end of a second insulation resistor Rn is electrically connected to a negative terminal of the power battery pack 3, and a second end of the first insulation resistor Rp and a second end of the second insulation resistor Rn are both electrically connected to a ground terminal. Under three conditions that the switch K1 and the switch K2 are both closed, the switch K1 is closed, the switch K2 is opened, the switch K1 is opened and the switch K2 is closed, the operational amplifier F1 reads the voltage of the first node P1, the operational amplifier F2 reads the voltage of the second node P2 and transmits the voltage to the main controller 10, the main controller calculates the resistance value of the first insulation resistor Rp and the resistance value of the second insulation resistor Rn, and the smaller value of the two is taken as the insulation resistor of the power battery pack 3.
Optionally, with continued reference to fig. 3, the management system 1 of the power battery pack may further include a communication module 100; the communication module 100 is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit 4 and the main controller 10 respectively; the communication module 100 is used for transmitting communication information between the vehicle control unit 4 and the main controller 10.
The communication module 100 may include a vehicle communication unit 101 and a charging communication unit 102; the vehicle communication unit 101 is electrically connected with the vehicle controller 4, the main controller 10 and the power conversion module 30 respectively; the vehicle communication unit 101 is configured to transmit a control signal of the main controller 10 to the power conversion module 30 under the control of the vehicle controller 4, so as to control the power conversion module 30 to sleep or wake up; the charging communication unit 102 is electrically connected to the main controller 10; the charging communication unit 102 is configured to transmit a charging confirmation signal to the main controller 10.
Specifically, the vehicle communication unit 101 may receive a vehicle control signal of the vehicle control unit 4 and transmit the vehicle control signal to the main controller 10, and the main controller 10 controls the management system 1 of the power battery pack 3 according to the vehicle control signal, wherein the vehicle communication unit 101 may be sent a message, so that the vehicle communication unit 101 wakes up or sleeps the power conversion module 30 according to the message information. The charging communication unit 102 may receive a charging confirmation signal of the charging pile, including a charging mode, such as a fast charging mode or a slow charging mode, and transmit the charging confirmation signal to the main controller 10, and the main controller 10 controls the driving module 40 to drive different contactors 70 to close according to different charging confirmation signals, and receives a contact signal fed back by the contactor 70, and further determines whether the current charging state of the power battery pack 3 is consistent with the charging mode of the charging confirmation signal.
Optionally, the communication module 100 may further include a subnet communication unit 103, and the subnet communication unit 103 may acquire the operation state of the power battery pack 3 under the control of the master controller 10, that is, in case of a failure of the slave controller 20, the master controller 10 may implement management and control on the power battery pack 3 through the subnet communication unit 103, so as to improve redundancy.
The embodiment of the invention integrates a main controller, N sub-controllers, a power conversion module, a driving module, a monitoring module, an acquisition module, a plurality of contactors and a communication module in a management system of a power battery pack; the power supply conversion module converts the power supply voltage of the vehicle-mounted storage battery into the working voltage of the main controller to supply power to the main controller; the main controller controls the sub-controllers to correspondingly acquire state information of each single battery in each battery core one by one and feed back the state information to the main controller, the control driving modules drive the contactors in a one-to-one mode to detect the charging state of the power battery pack, the control monitoring modules can monitor the high-voltage and the insulation resistance of the power battery pack, the control acquisition modules can acquire the running state of the power battery pack, and the control communication modules can realize communication with the whole vehicle controller, so that the main controller can output various control signals according to the received state information, the charging state, the high-voltage, the insulation resistance and the running state, thereby carrying out safe and accurate management and control on the power battery pack on the premise of acquiring more comprehensive state information, and improving the safety and reliability of the running of the power battery pack.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a new energy automobile. Fig. 7 is a block diagram of a new energy vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 7, the new energy vehicle 0 includes the management system 1 of the power battery pack according to any one of the embodiments.
According to the new energy automobile provided by the embodiment of the invention, the management system of the power battery pack integrates various functional modules such as the main controller, the N sub-controllers, the power conversion module, the driving module, the monitoring module, the acquisition module, the plurality of contactors, the communication module and the like, so that more comprehensive state information can be obtained, the safe and accurate management and control of the power battery pack are realized, and the safety and the reliability are improved.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A management system of a power battery pack, the power battery pack comprises N electric cores, each electric core comprises a plurality of single batteries, and the management system is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a main controller, N slave controllers, a power supply conversion module, a driving module, a monitoring module, an acquisition module and a plurality of contactors; wherein N is a positive integer;
the power supply conversion module is electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted storage battery and the main controller respectively; the power supply conversion module is used for converting the power supply voltage of the vehicle-mounted storage battery into the working voltage of the main controller and providing the working voltage to the main controller;
the signal acquisition end of each slave controller is electrically connected with each battery cell in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the slave controller is used for acquiring the state information of each single battery in the corresponding battery core under the control of the master controller, controlling the charge and discharge state of each single battery in the corresponding battery core and feeding the state information back to the master controller;
the main controller is electrically connected with the driving module; the main controller is also used for controlling the driving modules to drive the contactors to be switched on or switched off in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and receiving contact signals fed back by the contactors so as to detect the charging state of the power battery pack;
the main controller is also electrically connected with the monitoring module; the main controller is also used for controlling the monitoring module to monitor the high-voltage and the insulation resistance of the power battery pack;
the main controller is also electrically connected with the acquisition module; the main controller is also used for acquiring the running state of the power battery pack through the acquisition module;
the main controller is used for outputting control signals according to the state information fed back by the sub-controllers, the charging state of the power battery pack, the high-voltage, the insulation resistance and the running state.
2. The power battery pack management system of claim 1, wherein the N slave controllers are arranged in a daisy chain in a loop cascade;
the first input end of the first-stage slave controller is electrically connected with the master controller; the first output end of each level of slave controllers pointing to the (N-1) th level of slave controllers from the first level of slave controllers is electrically connected with the first input end of the next level of slave controllers; the first output end of the Nth-stage slave controller is electrically connected with the second input end thereof; the second output end of each level of slave controllers pointing to the second level of slave controllers from the Nth level of slave controllers is electrically connected with the second input end of the next level of slave controllers; the second output end of the first-stage slave controller is electrically connected with the master controller;
the first-stage slave controller is used for acquiring the state information of each single battery in the corresponding battery core under the control of the battery core control signal output by the master controller, and outputting the acquired state information and the battery core control signal to the next-stage slave controller;
each level of slave controllers between the first level of slave controllers and the nth level of slave controllers are used for acquiring the state information of each single battery in the corresponding battery cell under the control of the battery cell control signal, and transmitting the acquired state information, the state information output by the slave controller at the upper level of the slave controllers and the battery cell control signal to the slave controller at the lower level of the slave controllers;
and each level of slave controllers from the Nth level of slave controllers to the first level of slave controllers are also used for sequentially transmitting the state information acquired by each level of slave controllers to the first level of slave controllers in a level-by-level manner, and outputting the state information to the master controller by the first level of slave controllers.
3. The power battery pack management system of claim 1, further comprising: a clock module;
the clock module is electrically connected with the main controller and the power supply conversion module respectively; the clock module is used for controlling the power supply conversion module to be in sleep periodically or be awaken periodically under the control of the main controller.
4. The power battery pack management system of claim 1, further comprising: intelligent switches and mechanical switches;
the input end of the intelligent switch is electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted storage battery, the output end of the intelligent switch is electrically connected with the driving module through the mechanical switch, and the control end of the intelligent switch is electrically connected with the main controller; the intelligent switch is used for being switched on or switched off under the control of the main controller, and transmits the power supply voltage of the vehicle-mounted storage battery to the driving module through the switched-on mechanical switch when the intelligent switch is switched on, so as to supply power to the driving module.
5. The management system of a power battery pack of claim 4, further comprising a main relay;
the first end of the main relay is electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted storage battery, the second end of the main relay is electrically connected with the power supply conversion module and the intelligent switch respectively, and the control end of the main relay is electrically connected with the main controller; the main relay is used for being closed or opened under the control of the main controller.
6. The management system of a power battery pack of claim 4, wherein the drive module comprises a plurality of high-side switches and a plurality of low-side switches;
each high-side switch is electrically connected with the power end of each contactor in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and each low-side switch is electrically connected with the grounding end of each contactor in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the control end of each high-side switch and the control end of each low-side switch are electrically connected with the main controller; the main controller is used for respectively controlling the on or off of each high-side switch and each low-side switch so as to drive the on or off of each contactor.
7. The management system of a power battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring module comprises a voltage monitoring unit and an insulation resistance monitoring unit;
the voltage monitoring unit is electrically connected with the positive end and the negative end of the power battery pack respectively; the voltage monitoring unit is used for collecting the high-voltage between the positive bus and the negative bus under the control of the main controller;
the insulation resistance monitoring unit is electrically connected with the positive end and the negative end of the power battery pack; the insulation resistance monitoring unit is used for collecting a first insulation resistance of the positive bus to the ground and a second insulation resistance of the negative bus to the ground under the control of the main controller.
8. The management system of the power battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a communication module;
the communication module is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit and the main controller respectively; the communication module is used for transmitting communication information between the vehicle control unit and the main controller.
9. The management system of a power battery pack according to claim 8, wherein the communication module comprises a vehicle communication unit and a charging communication unit;
the vehicle communication unit is electrically connected with the vehicle controller, the main controller and the power conversion module respectively; the vehicle communication unit is used for transmitting the control signal of the main controller to the power conversion module under the control of the vehicle controller so as to control the power conversion module to sleep or wake up;
the charging communication unit is electrically connected with the main controller; the charging communication unit is used for transmitting a charging confirmation signal to the main controller.
10. A new energy automobile, characterized by comprising the management system of the power battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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