CN114552726A - New energy multi-source input low-voltage power distribution system supporting wireless communication - Google Patents
New energy multi-source input low-voltage power distribution system supporting wireless communication Download PDFInfo
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- CN114552726A CN114552726A CN202210224572.2A CN202210224572A CN114552726A CN 114552726 A CN114552726 A CN 114552726A CN 202210224572 A CN202210224572 A CN 202210224572A CN 114552726 A CN114552726 A CN 114552726A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
Abstract
The invention discloses a new energy multi-source input low-voltage power distribution system supporting wireless communication, which comprises a low-voltage power distribution controller, a low-voltage power distribution controller and a low-voltage power supply, wherein the low-voltage power distribution controller is connected with a low-voltage load and is used for controlling a low-voltage power supply to distribute power for the low-voltage load; the power distribution system further comprises a DCDC module, a low-voltage storage battery and a battery pack voltage division module, wherein the low-voltage output ends of the DCDC module, the low-voltage storage battery and the battery pack voltage division module are respectively the low-voltage power supply input ends of the low-voltage power distribution controller and are used for providing three low-voltage power supply inputs for the low-voltage power distribution controller. The invention has the advantages that: 1. the multi-source low-voltage input ensures the stability and reliability of a low-voltage power supply and improves the stability of a low-voltage power distribution system; 2. each power distribution branch adopts the solid-state switch as a switching device as a branch switch, and compared with a relay, the power distribution branch has the characteristics of low switching noise, small size, short action time, safety and reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 12V low-voltage power distribution of new energy automobiles, in particular to a new energy multi-source input low-voltage power distribution system supporting wireless communication.
Background
The vehicle-mounted 12V low-voltage storage battery is an energy source of a low-voltage load of the new energy automobile and plays a role in supplying power to the low-voltage load and providing a control loop power supply for the high-voltage load. The vehicle-mounted high-voltage DCDC converts high-voltage direct current of the battery pack into direct current low voltage electricity, so that a low-voltage storage battery is charged, and low-voltage power supply of the whole vehicle is guaranteed. When working conditions such as DCDC fault or 12V low-voltage storage battery power shortage occur, whole car low-voltage power supply can not be guaranteed, cause the vehicle can't travel even threaten driving safety, consequently single low-voltage system distribution can't satisfy the reliable requirement to the low-voltage power supply, so for whole car low-voltage power supply provide the multichannel supply, improve the reliability in low-voltage return circuit, very important meaning has.
At present, the 12V low-voltage power distribution mode of the new energy automobile still uses the design idea of the traditional fuel, and each branch loop which is connected in parallel is formed by connecting a low-voltage relay and a fuse in series and forms a power supply loop with a 12V low-voltage power supply, a low-voltage wire harness, a low-voltage load and the like. This distribution scheme needs a large amount of relays and fuses for the low voltage distribution box is bulky, and the relay has switching noise. In the prior art, when faults such as overcurrent, overvoltage and the like occur in a loop, the state of the loop cannot be monitored in real time, so that the relay and the fuse are easily damaged irreversibly, and the maintenance cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a new energy multi-source input low-voltage power distribution system supporting wireless communication, which can improve the reliability of low-voltage power supply of a whole vehicle and ensure the stability and reliability of the power supply of a low-voltage power supply through multi-source input.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a new energy multi-source input low-voltage power distribution system supporting wireless communication comprises a low-voltage power distribution controller, a low-voltage power distribution controller and a low-voltage power source, wherein the low-voltage power distribution controller is connected with a low-voltage load and used for controlling a low-voltage power source to distribute power for the low-voltage load; the power distribution system further comprises a DCDC module, a low-voltage storage battery and a battery pack voltage division module, wherein the low-voltage output ends of the DCDC module, the low-voltage storage battery and the battery pack voltage division module are respectively the low-voltage power supply input ends of the low-voltage power distribution controller and are used for providing three low-voltage power supply inputs for the low-voltage power distribution controller.
The input end of the DCDC module is connected with the high-voltage output end of the battery pack, and the low-voltage output positive electrode of the DCDC module is connected with the positive electrode of the low-voltage storage battery; the negative electrode of the low-voltage storage battery and the low-voltage output negative electrode of the DCDC module are respectively connected with a vehicle body ground; and the positive electrode of the low-voltage storage battery is connected with the input positive electrode of a low-voltage power supply of the low-voltage distribution controller.
The output positive electrode of the battery pack voltage division module is connected with the positive electrode of the low-voltage storage battery; the output negative electrode of the battery pack voltage division module is connected with the vehicle body; the battery pack voltage division module is used for outputting a part of battery monomers in the gated battery pack to a low-voltage power supply.
The battery pack is provided with a positive electrode and a negative electrode which are output by voltage division, the voltage division module of the battery pack comprises a voltage division power supply which is formed by selecting a plurality of battery cores from the battery pack and connecting the battery cores in series and in parallel and meets the working voltage required by low-voltage power distribution, the positive electrode of the voltage division power supply is connected with the positive electrode of an anti-reverse diode D1, and the negative electrode of the voltage division power supply is connected with the ground of a vehicle body; and the cathode of the anti-reverse diode D1 is connected with the anode of the low-voltage storage battery.
The low-voltage distribution controller comprises a main controller and a plurality of distribution branches, each distribution branch is correspondingly connected to a low-voltage distribution load, and a solid-state switch K for controlling the conduction of the branch is arranged in series on each distribution branch; the main controller is connected with the low-voltage load controller corresponding to each low-voltage load through a CAN network; the main controller controls the opening and closing state of each solid-state switch through a driving circuit.
The main control unit is connected with the sampling circuit, the sampling circuit is used for respectively collecting the voltage and current information of each power distribution branch, and the main control unit judges the fault state of the branch according to the collected voltage and current information of the power distribution branch and controls the disconnection of the solid-state switch on the power distribution branch in the fault state.
The sampling circuit comprises an input voltage sampling circuit, a current sampling circuit and an output voltage sampling circuit and is used for respectively acquiring the input end voltage, the branch current and the output end voltage of the power distribution branch.
The low voltage distribution controller passes through the CAN network and is connected with TBOX, TBOX passes through mobile data network connection cell-phone APP, and the user sends the turn-off of each distribution branch road of low voltage distribution or opens instruction to TBOX and forwards to the low voltage distribution controller through cell-phone APP, low voltage distribution controller carries out the switching state that user's instruction control corresponds the solid state switch in the distribution branch road.
The low-voltage distribution controller inputs an ignition signal through a KL15 port, the low-voltage distribution controller starts to work under the driving of the ignition signal and controls the on-off state of a solid-state switch in the corresponding distribution branch according to a control instruction sent by the low-voltage load controller and the mobile phone APP.
In low pressure distribution controller working process, main control unit gathers input voltage sampling circuit's input voltage signal in real time, and when the voltage anomaly of low voltage power input risees when exceeding voltage threshold, main control unit will ignore low pressure load control ware and cell-phone APP's long-range power supply instruction, with all distribution branch road disconnection.
The invention has the advantages that: 1. the multi-source low-voltage input ensures the stability and reliability of a low-voltage power supply and improves the stability of a low-voltage power distribution system; 2. each power distribution branch adopts a solid-state switch as a switching device as a branch switch, and compared with a relay, the power distribution branch has the characteristics of low switching noise, small size, short action time, safety and reliability; 3. the control of low-voltage power supply is carried out in a manner of supporting remote wireless communication, so that a user can conveniently control power supply of each load in a low-voltage power distribution system through mobile phone app at any time and any place, and the user experience is improved; 4. the voltage and the current of each low-voltage power distribution branch are monitored, so that damage and influence of overvoltage and overcurrent to a power distribution system are avoided, an alarm can be sent in time, the power distribution branches are disconnected, damage expansion is avoided, controllability of the power distribution system is guaranteed, and maintenance cost is reduced; 5. and multi-source redundant power supply is adopted, so that the reliability of power supply of a low-voltage power supply is guaranteed. And the scheme of the solid-state switch and the current sensor is adopted to replace the traditional scheme of a relay and a fuse, so that the whole low-voltage power distribution is controllable in real time, the switching noise is reduced, the volume is reduced, and the maintenance cost is reduced. And the existing vehicle-mounted CAN bus network and the T-Box CAN be utilized to realize the remote control of low-voltage power distribution.
Drawings
The contents of the expressions in the various figures of the present specification and the labels in the figures are briefly described as follows:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of preferred embodiments of the invention will be made in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, a new energy multi-source input low-voltage power distribution system supporting wireless communication includes a low-voltage power distribution controller connected to a low-voltage load for controlling a low-voltage power source to distribute power to the low-voltage load; the power distribution system further comprises a DCDC module, a low-voltage storage battery and a battery pack voltage division module, wherein the low-voltage output ends of the DCDC module, the low-voltage storage battery and the battery pack voltage division module are respectively the low-voltage power supply input ends of the low-voltage power distribution controller and are used for providing three low-voltage power supply inputs for the low-voltage power distribution controller.
This application multisource input means that three low voltage power supplies provide the power for low voltage distribution system, obtains through low voltage battery output low pressure, obtains through battery package partial pressure for power battery package, the DCDC module step-down obtains respectively, specifically does:
the input end of the DCDC module is connected with the high-voltage output end of the battery pack, and the low-voltage output positive electrode of the DCDC module is connected with the positive electrode of the low-voltage storage battery; the negative electrode of the low-voltage storage battery and the low-voltage output negative electrode of the DCDC module are respectively connected with the vehicle body ground; the positive pole of low pressure battery is connected with the low pressure power input positive pole of low pressure distribution controller, and the terminal that is drawn forth by the positive pole of low pressure battery is connected to the low pressure power input of low pressure distribution controller, and at the during operation, DCDC can do the independent work and directly provide the low pressure for low pressure power input or provide the low pressure by the low pressure battery and can guarantee the reliable safety of the electric quantity of low pressure battery by DCDC for low pressure battery charging simultaneously.
Meanwhile, a third low-voltage power supply battery pack voltage division module is introduced, and the output positive electrode of the battery pack voltage division module is connected with the positive electrode of the low-voltage storage battery; the output negative electrode of the battery pack voltage division module is connected with the vehicle body; the battery pack voltage division module is used for outputting a part of battery monomers in the gated battery pack to a low-voltage power supply.
As shown in fig. 1, a voltage-dividing output positive electrode + and a voltage-dividing output negative electrode are arranged on a battery pack, the battery pack voltage-dividing module comprises a voltage-dividing power supply which is formed by selecting a plurality of battery cores from the battery pack and connecting the battery cores in series and parallel and meets the working voltage required by low-voltage power distribution, the positive electrode of the voltage-dividing power supply is connected with the positive electrode of an anti-reverse diode D1, and the negative electrode of the voltage-dividing power supply is connected with a vehicle body ground; the cathode of the anti-reverse diode D1 is connected with the anode of the low-voltage storage battery. The battery pack voltage division module is mainly used for supplying power to an external low-voltage load in a mode of leading out power supply through partial monomers in a battery pack so as to form a small battery, voltage division output of the battery pack is voltage at two ends of a plurality of series/parallel battery cores intercepted from the battery pack, and the voltage division output voltage needs to meet the working voltage range of a low-voltage power distribution loop; the intercepted cell string number needs to be determined according to the cell type, and the specific capacity of the battery formed by the intercepted cells needs to be matched with the power consumption of the rear-end low-voltage load to determine the number of the parallel cells.
Three low-voltage power supplies are adopted to supply power to the low-voltage power distribution system, so that the safety and the reliability of the low-voltage system are ensured. When the DCDC and the storage battery are in fault, only the voltage of the battery pack is divided to supply power for a low-voltage power distribution system, the mode can meet the requirement of short-time power supply, but the power supply is supplied in the voltage dividing mode of the battery pack, so that electric quantity or voltage difference is generated between a voltage dividing power supply consisting of a part of selected battery monomers and other battery monomers in the unselected battery pack, and an unbalanced state in a power battery pack is caused; when the BMS detects or acquires a low-voltage storage battery fault and a DCDC fault, the BMS needs to control the voltage division of the battery pack to output low-voltage power supply, and the BMS respectively controls the voltage division control switches of each voltage division power supply to circularly open and close for set time according to the sequence, so that each voltage division power supply is ensured to work for the same time, and unbalance of the voltage division power supplies in the battery pack is reduced as much as possible; or the BMS detects the power supply electric quantity after each voltage division power supply starts to work, and when the power supply electric quantity reaches a set electric quantity threshold value, the next voltage division power supply is switched until the last voltage division power supply is reached, and then the next voltage division power supply is circulated to the first voltage division power supply, so that the balance between each voltage division power supply and other voltage division power supplies is ensured as much as possible. When a plurality of voltage division power supplies are divided, the required voltage is calculated in advance to be 12V, the calculation needs a plurality of battery cores to be connected in series or in parallel to reach 12V, so that the number (quantity threshold) of the battery cores in series and parallel is determined, then the battery cores with the corresponding quantity thresholds are sequentially selected to form a first voltage division power supply from the first battery core of the negative electrode or the positive electrode of a battery pack, then a second voltage division power supply is sequentially formed backwards until the battery pack is divided into the plurality of voltage division power supplies, then each voltage division power supply is connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the voltage division through a control switch, and the BMS controls each voltage division power supply to sequentially and circularly supply power in a mode of circularly controlling the connection of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each voltage division power supply, so that the electric quantity difference between each voltage division power supply and the other voltage division power supply is small as far as possible.
As shown in fig. 1, the low-voltage power distribution system mainly comprises a battery pack, a DCDC, an anti-reverse diode, a low-voltage storage battery, a vehicle body ground, a low-voltage power distribution controller, N low-voltage loads, N low-voltage load controllers, a T-Box, a vehicle CAN bus network, a mobile data network and a mobile phone APP. The DCDC high-voltage input end is respectively connected with the total positive electrode and the total negative electrode of the battery pack; the DCDC shell is connected with a vehicle body ground; the DCDC low-voltage output positive terminal is connected with the positive electrode of the low-voltage storage battery; the voltage-dividing output anode of the battery pack is connected with the anode of an anti-reverse diode, then the cathode of the anti-reverse diode is connected with the anode of a low-voltage storage battery, and the voltage-dividing output cathode of the battery pack is connected with a vehicle body ground; the vehicle body is connected with the negative pole of the low-voltage storage battery; the low-voltage input positive pole of the low-voltage distribution controller is connected with the positive pole of the low-voltage storage battery, the GND terminal of the low-voltage distribution controller is connected with the vehicle body ground, n low-voltage output ports are respectively and correspondingly connected with n low-voltage loads, and an ignition signal is input into the low-voltage distribution controller through the KL15 terminal; the low-voltage distribution controller is connected to a CAN bus network of the whole vehicle through CANH and CANL terminals; the n low-voltage load controllers are all mounted on a whole vehicle CAN bus network; the T-Box is mounted on a CAN bus network through a CAN line and communicates with a mobile phone APP through a wireless mobile data network.
The low-voltage distribution controller comprises a main controller and a plurality of distribution branches, each distribution branch is correspondingly connected to a low-voltage distribution load, and a solid-state switch K for controlling the conduction of the branch is arranged in series on each distribution branch; the main controller is connected with the low-voltage load controller corresponding to each low-voltage load through a CAN network; the main controller controls the opening and closing state of each solid-state switch through a driving circuit.
The main control unit is connected with the sampling circuit, the sampling circuit is used for respectively collecting the voltage and current information of each power distribution branch, and the main control unit judges the fault state of the branch according to the collected voltage and current information of the power distribution branch and controls the disconnection of the solid-state switch on the power distribution branch in the fault state.
The sampling circuit comprises an input voltage sampling circuit, a current sampling circuit and an output voltage sampling circuit and is used for respectively acquiring the input end voltage, the branch current and the output end voltage of the power distribution branch.
The low-voltage distribution controller mainly comprises a main controller, an input voltage sampling circuit, a driving circuit, a current sampling circuit, an output voltage sampling circuit, n solid-state switches and n branch current sensors. The internal power supply loop of the low-voltage distribution controller is divided into 1 combining section and n branch sections, wherein the combining section is connected with the input positive terminal of the low-voltage power supply, the output end of the combining section is connected with the input ends of the n branches, and the output end of each branch forms one output end of the low-voltage distribution controller; the output voltage sampling circuit respectively collects the output voltages of the n branches and sends the collected voltage signals to the main controller; the input voltage sampling circuit collects the input voltage of the low-voltage distribution controller, and voltage signals collected in parallel are sent to the main controller; the circuit comprises a power line, a plurality of solid-state switches K, a plurality of branch current sensors S and a plurality of branch power supply units, wherein the 1 solid-state switch K and the 1 branch current sensor S are connected in series on a branch L of the power line, the solid-state switch K is close to the input end of the branch, and the branch current sensor is close to the output end of the branch; the signal output ends of all the branch current sensors are connected with the input end of the current sampling circuit, and the output end of the current sampling circuit is connected with the current signal input end of the main controller; the control output end of the main controller is connected with the input end of a driving circuit, the driving circuit comprises n output ends, and each output end is respectively connected with the control ends of 1 solid-state switch K; n is a positive integer of 1 or more.
In the above system, the solid-state switch Kn is composed of a MOSFET or a single-tube IGBT.
In the above system, the branch current sensor Sn is formed of a shunt.
The low pressure distribution controller passes through the CAN network and is connected with TBOX, TBOX passes through mobile data network connection cell-phone APP, and the user sends the turn-off of each distribution branch road of low pressure distribution or opens instruction to TBOX and forwards to the low pressure distribution controller through cell-phone APP, low pressure distribution controller carries out the switching state that user's instruction control corresponds the solid state switch in the distribution branch road.
The low-voltage distribution controller inputs an ignition signal through a KL15 port, and the low-voltage distribution controller starts to work under the driving of the ignition signal and controls the on-off state of a solid-state switch in a corresponding distribution branch according to a control instruction sent by a low-voltage load controller and a mobile phone APP.
In low pressure distribution controller working process, main control unit gathers input voltage sampling circuit's input voltage signal in real time, and when the voltage anomaly of low voltage power input risees when exceeding voltage threshold, main control unit will ignore low pressure load control ware and cell-phone APP's long-range power supply instruction, with all distribution branch road disconnection.
The low-voltage power input of low-voltage distribution controller has three power supply sources, provides low-voltage electricity for the rear end load jointly, and its power supply operating mode is as follows:
(1) when the whole vehicle normally runs, the DCDC normally works to convert the high-voltage direct current of the battery pack into low voltage to supply power to the low-voltage storage battery and the rear-end load, and at the moment, the low-voltage distribution controller is jointly supplied with power by the voltage-dividing output of the battery pack, the DCDC and the low-voltage storage battery. When the voltage-dividing output voltage of the battery pack is lower than the DCDC output voltage, the existence of the anti-reverse diode can ensure that the corresponding battery core in the battery pack cannot be charged uncontrollably.
(2) In the whole vehicle running process, when the DCDC output is abnormal, the power supply of the low-voltage power distribution controller is provided by the low-voltage storage battery and the battery pack voltage division output, and the low-voltage storage battery can not be lack of power due to the existence of the battery pack voltage division output. When the voltage-dividing output voltage of the battery pack is lower than the required voltage of the rear-end low-voltage load, the battery pack can be charged, and meanwhile, the low-voltage storage battery can be charged, so that the supply of a low-voltage power supply is guaranteed.
(3) In the ignition and power-on process of the whole vehicle, because the DCDC low-voltage output has a delay of several seconds, during the DCDC output delay period, the power supply of the low-voltage distribution controller is provided by the low-voltage storage battery and the battery pack in a voltage division output mode, and the low-voltage power supply is guaranteed in the period.
(4) When the DCDC output fails and the low-voltage storage battery is damaged, the back-end low-voltage power supply is supplied by the voltage-dividing output of the battery pack.
The control method of the low-voltage distribution controller comprises the following steps:
(1) after the KL15 port of the low-voltage distribution controller receives an ignition signal for electrifying the whole vehicle, the low-voltage distribution controller is awakened to work, and a main controller and each branch circuit of the low-voltage distribution controller are electrified to work; the power supply of the low-voltage distribution controller is directly supplied with power through a low-voltage power supply input port;
(2) when the low-voltage load n has a power demand, the low-voltage load controller n sends an opening signal of a power supply branch Ln to the low-voltage distribution controller through the CAN bus; a main controller of the low-voltage power distribution controller receives a switching-on command of a branch circuit Ln, then controls a driving circuit to send a high-level signal of switch conduction to a solid-state switch Kn, and controls the solid-state switch Kn to be conducted, so that the low-voltage power supply branch circuit Ln is connected; when the low-voltage load n has no electricity demand, the low-voltage load controller n sends a disconnection signal of a power supply branch Ln to the low-voltage distribution controller through the CAN bus; a main controller of the low-voltage distribution controller receives a disconnection command of the branch circuit Ln, then controls a driving circuit to send a low-level signal for switching off the switch to the solid-state switch Kn, and controls the solid-state switch Kn to be switched off, so that the low-voltage power supply branch circuit Ln is disconnected;
(3) in the process of normally switching on the low-voltage power supply branch circuit Ln to supply power to a load, the main controller receives a current signal of a branch circuit current sensor Sn acquired by a current sampling circuit in real time, and judges that when the current of the branch circuit Ln is greater than a current threshold value, the main controller sends a solid-state switch Kn disconnection command to the driving circuit to disconnect the power supply branch circuit Ln, so that the solid-state switch Kn and the low-voltage load n are prevented from being damaged due to short-time overcurrent.
(4) In the process that the low-voltage power supply branch circuit Ln is normally connected to supply power to a load, the main controller receives the output voltage value of the branch circuit Ln collected by the output voltage sampling circuit in real time, and judges that when the output voltage of the branch circuit Ln is greater than a voltage threshold value, the main controller sends a solid-state switch Kn disconnection command to the driving circuit to disconnect the power supply branch circuit Ln, so that the solid-state switch Kn and the low-voltage load n are prevented from being damaged due to abnormal voltage.
(5) In low voltage distribution controller working process, input voltage sampling circuit's input voltage signal is gathered in real time to main control unit, and when the voltage of low voltage power input increased beyond the voltage threshold unusually, main control unit will ignore low pressure load control ware and cell-phone APP's long-range power supply order, with all power supply branch road disconnection.
In the working process of the low-voltage distribution controller, the main controller uploads the acquired input voltage signal, the solid-state switch state, the branch current signal and the branch voltage output value to each low-voltage load controller and other controllers in need in real time through the CAN bus.
The method for remotely controlling the mobile phone app comprises the following steps:
and in the power-off dormant state of the whole vehicle, the mobile phone APP sends a low-voltage distribution controller awakening command to the vehicle-mounted T-Box through the mobile data network.
Step two: the T-Box analyzes the received remote wake-up command and forwards the remote wake-up command to a main controller of the low-voltage power distribution controller through a CAN bus network;
step three: the main controller receives a wake-up signal on the CAN network, the low-voltage power distribution controller is woken up to work, and the main controller and each branch circuit of the low-voltage power distribution controller are electrified to work;
step four: the mobile phone APP sends a power supply on or off command of a low-voltage load n to the vehicle-mounted T-Box through a mobile data network;
step five: the T-Box analyzes the received remote control command and forwards the remote control command to a main controller of the low-voltage power distribution controller through a CAN bus network;
step six: and the low-voltage distribution controller receives the on-off command of the branch, controls the on-off of the branch according to the control method, performs fault diagnosis, and feeds back the working state and fault diagnosis information of the branch to the APP end of the mobile phone through the CAN bus and the mobile data network.
Example 2:
a new energy automobile multi-source input low-voltage power distribution system supporting wireless communication mainly comprises a battery pack, a DCDC, an anti-reverse diode, a low-voltage storage battery, an automobile body ground, a low-voltage power distribution controller, N low-voltage loads, N low-voltage load controllers, a T-Box, a vehicle CAN bus network, a mobile data network and a mobile phone APP. The DCDC high-voltage input end is respectively connected with the total positive electrode and the total negative electrode of the battery pack; the DCDC shell is connected with a vehicle body ground; the DCDC low-voltage output positive terminal is connected with the positive electrode of the low-voltage storage battery; the voltage-dividing output anode of the battery pack is connected with the anode of an anti-reverse diode, then the cathode of the anti-reverse diode is connected with the anode of a low-voltage storage battery, and the voltage-dividing output cathode of the battery pack is connected with a vehicle body ground; the vehicle body is connected with the negative pole of the low-voltage storage battery; the low-voltage input positive pole of the low-voltage distribution controller is connected with the positive pole of the low-voltage storage battery, the GND terminal of the low-voltage distribution controller is connected with the vehicle body ground, n low-voltage output ports are respectively and correspondingly connected with n low-voltage loads, and an ignition signal is input into the low-voltage distribution controller through the KL15 terminal; the low-voltage distribution controller is connected to a CAN bus network of the whole vehicle through CANH and CANL terminals; the n low-voltage load controllers are all mounted on a whole vehicle CAN bus network; the T-Box is mounted on a CAN bus network through a CAN line and communicates with a mobile phone APP through a wireless mobile data network.
A low-voltage distribution controller mainly comprises a main controller, an input voltage sampling circuit, a driving circuit, a current sampling circuit, an output voltage sampling circuit, n solid-state switches and n branch current sensors. The internal power supply loop of the low-voltage distribution controller is divided into 1 combining section and n branch sections, wherein the combining section is connected with the input positive terminal of the low-voltage power supply, the output end of the combining section is connected with the input ends of the n branches, and the output end of each branch forms one output end of the low-voltage distribution controller; the output voltage sampling circuit respectively collects the output voltages of the n branches and sends the collected voltage signals to the main controller; the input voltage sampling circuit collects the input voltage of the low-voltage distribution controller, and voltage signals collected in parallel are sent to the main controller; the circuit comprises a power line, a plurality of solid-state switches K, a plurality of branch current sensors S and a plurality of branch power supply units, wherein the 1 solid-state switch K and the 1 branch current sensor S are connected in series on a branch L of the power line, the solid-state switch K is close to the input end of the branch, and the branch current sensor is close to the output end of the branch; the signal output ends of all the branch current sensors are connected with the input end of the current sampling circuit, and the output end of the current sampling circuit is connected with the current signal input end of the main controller; the control output end of the main controller is connected with the input end of a driving circuit, the driving circuit comprises n output ends, and each output end is respectively connected with the control ends of 1 solid-state switch K; n is a positive integer of 1 or more.
In the above system, the solid-state switch Kn is composed of a MOSFET or a single-tube IGBT.
In the above system, the branch current sensor Sn is formed of a shunt.
In the system, the voltage division output of the battery pack is to intercept voltages at two ends of a plurality of series/parallel battery cores from the battery pack, and the voltage division output voltage needs to meet the working voltage range of a low-voltage power distribution loop from 9V to 16V; the number of the intercepted battery cell strings is determined according to the battery cell types, the voltage of a common ternary lithium battery cell is 3V-4.3V, so that 3 strings can be intercepted, and the voltage of a lithium iron phosphate monomer battery cell is 2V-3.65V, so that 4 strings can be intercepted. The battery capacity formed by the intercepted battery cores is generally 32 Ah-80 Ah, and the specific capacity needs to be matched with the power consumption of a rear-end low-voltage load to determine the number of the battery cores connected in parallel.
In the above-mentioned system, the low voltage power input of low voltage distribution controller has three power supply sources, provides low-voltage electricity for the rear end load jointly, and its power supply operating mode is as follows:
1. when the whole vehicle normally runs, the DCDC normally works to convert the high-voltage direct current of the battery pack into low voltage to supply power to the low-voltage storage battery and the rear-end load, and at the moment, the low-voltage distribution controller is jointly supplied with power by the voltage-dividing output of the battery pack, the DCDC and the low-voltage storage battery. When the voltage-dividing output voltage of the battery pack is lower than the DCDC output voltage, the existence of the anti-reverse diode can ensure that the corresponding battery core in the battery pack cannot be charged uncontrollably.
2. In the whole vehicle running process, when the DCDC output is abnormal, the power supply of the low-voltage power distribution controller is provided by the low-voltage storage battery and the battery pack voltage division output, and the low-voltage storage battery can not be lack of power due to the existence of the battery pack voltage division output. When the voltage-dividing output voltage of the battery pack is lower than the required voltage of the rear-end low-voltage load, the battery pack can be charged, and meanwhile, the low-voltage storage battery can be charged, so that the supply of a low-voltage power supply is guaranteed.
3. In the ignition and power-on process of the whole vehicle, because the DCDC low-voltage output has a delay of several seconds, during the DCDC output delay period, the power supply of the low-voltage distribution controller is provided by the low-voltage storage battery and the battery pack in a voltage division output mode, and the low-voltage power supply is guaranteed in the period.
4. When the DCDC output fails and the low-voltage storage battery is damaged, the back-end low-voltage power supply is supplied by the voltage-dividing output of the battery pack.
In the system, the control method of the low-voltage distribution controller comprises the following steps:
(1) after the KL15 port of the low-voltage distribution controller receives an ignition signal for electrifying the whole vehicle, the low-voltage distribution controller is awakened to work, and a main controller and each branch circuit of the low-voltage distribution controller are electrified to work; the power supply of the low-voltage distribution controller is directly supplied with power through a low-voltage power supply input port;
(2) when the low-voltage load n has a power demand, the low-voltage load controller n sends an opening signal of a power supply branch Ln to the low-voltage distribution controller through the CAN bus; a main controller of the low-voltage power distribution controller receives a switching-on command of a branch circuit Ln, then controls a driving circuit to send a high-level signal of switch conduction to a solid-state switch Kn, and controls the solid-state switch Kn to be conducted, so that the low-voltage power supply branch circuit Ln is connected; when the low-voltage load n has no electricity demand, the low-voltage load controller n sends a disconnection signal of a power supply branch Ln to the low-voltage distribution controller through the CAN bus; a main controller of the low-voltage distribution controller receives a disconnection command of the branch circuit Ln, then controls a driving circuit to send a low-level signal for switching off the switch to the solid-state switch Kn, and controls the solid-state switch Kn to be switched off, so that the low-voltage power supply branch circuit Ln is disconnected;
(3) in the process of normally switching on the low-voltage power supply branch circuit Ln to supply power to a load, the main controller receives a current signal of a branch circuit current sensor Sn acquired by a current sampling circuit in real time, and judges that when the current of the branch circuit Ln is greater than a current threshold value, the main controller sends a solid-state switch Kn disconnection command to the driving circuit to disconnect the power supply branch circuit Ln, so that the solid-state switch Kn and the low-voltage load n are prevented from being damaged due to short-time overcurrent.
(4) In the process that the low-voltage power supply branch circuit Ln is normally connected to supply power to a load, the main controller receives the output voltage value of the branch circuit Ln collected by the output voltage sampling circuit in real time, and judges that when the output voltage of the branch circuit Ln is greater than a voltage threshold value, the main controller sends a solid-state switch Kn disconnection command to the driving circuit to disconnect the power supply branch circuit Ln, so that the solid-state switch Kn and the low-voltage load n are prevented from being damaged due to abnormal voltage.
(5) In low voltage distribution controller working process, input voltage sampling circuit's input voltage signal is gathered in real time to main control unit, and when the voltage of low voltage power input increased beyond the voltage threshold unusually, main control unit will ignore low pressure load control ware and cell-phone APP's long-range power supply order, with all power supply branch road disconnection.
(6) In the working process of the low-voltage distribution controller, the main controller uploads the acquired input voltage signal, the solid-state switch state, the branch current signal and the branch voltage output value to each low-voltage load controller and other controllers in need in real time through the CAN bus.
In the system, the remote control method of the low-voltage distribution controller comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and in the power-off dormant state of the whole vehicle, the mobile phone APP sends a low-voltage distribution controller awakening command to the vehicle-mounted T-Box through the mobile data network.
Step two: the T-Box analyzes the received remote wake-up command and forwards the remote wake-up command to a main controller of the low-voltage power distribution controller through a CAN bus network;
step three: the main controller receives a wake-up signal on the CAN network, the low-voltage distribution controller is woken up to work, and the main controller and each branch circuit of the low-voltage distribution controller are electrified to work;
step four: the mobile phone APP sends a power supply on or off command of a low-voltage load n to the vehicle-mounted T-Box through a mobile data network;
step five: the T-Box analyzes the received remote control command and forwards the remote control command to a main controller of the low-voltage power distribution controller through a CAN bus network;
step six: and the low-voltage distribution controller receives the on-off command of the branch, controls the on-off of the branch according to the control method, performs fault diagnosis, and feeds back the working state and fault diagnosis information of the branch to the APP end of the mobile phone through the CAN bus and the mobile data network.
Compared with the prior art, the multi-source redundant power supply of the low-voltage power distribution system of the new energy automobile is realized, and the reliability of the low-voltage power supply is guaranteed. And the scheme of the solid-state switch and the current sensor is adopted to replace the traditional scheme of a relay and a fuse, so that the whole low-voltage power distribution is controllable in real time, the switching noise is reduced, the volume is reduced, and the maintenance cost is reduced. And the existing vehicle-mounted CAN bus network and the T-Box CAN be utilized to realize the remote control of low-voltage power distribution.
It is clear that the specific implementation of the invention is not restricted to the above-described embodiments, but that various insubstantial modifications of the inventive process concept and technical solutions are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A new energy multi-source input low-voltage power distribution system supporting wireless communication comprises a low-voltage power distribution controller, a low-voltage power distribution controller and a low-voltage power source, wherein the low-voltage power distribution controller is connected with a low-voltage load and used for controlling a low-voltage power source to distribute power for the low-voltage load; the method is characterized in that: the power distribution system further comprises a DCDC module, a low-voltage storage battery and a battery pack voltage division module, wherein the low-voltage output ends of the DCDC module, the low-voltage storage battery and the battery pack voltage division module are connected in parallel and then connected into the low-voltage power supply input end of the low-voltage power distribution controller, and the low-voltage power supply input end is used for providing three low-voltage power supply inputs for the low-voltage power distribution controller.
2. The new energy multi-source input low-voltage power distribution system supporting wireless communication of claim 1, wherein:
the input end of the DCDC module is connected with the high-voltage output end of the battery pack, and the low-voltage output positive electrode of the DCDC module is connected with the positive electrode of the low-voltage storage battery; the negative electrode of the low-voltage storage battery and the low-voltage output negative electrode of the DCDC module are respectively connected with a vehicle body ground; and the positive electrode of the low-voltage storage battery is connected with the input positive electrode of a low-voltage power supply of the low-voltage distribution controller.
3. The wireless-communication-enabled new energy multi-source input low-voltage power distribution system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the output positive electrode of the battery pack voltage division module is connected with the positive electrode of the low-voltage storage battery; the output negative electrode of the battery pack voltage division module is connected with the vehicle body; the battery pack voltage division module is used for outputting a part of battery monomers in the gated battery pack to a low-voltage power supply.
4. The new energy multi-source input low-voltage power distribution system supporting wireless communication according to claim 3, wherein: the battery pack is provided with a positive electrode and a negative electrode which are output by voltage division, the voltage division module of the battery pack comprises a voltage division power supply which is formed by selecting a plurality of battery cores from the battery pack and connecting the battery cores in series and in parallel and meets the working voltage required by low-voltage power distribution, the positive electrode of the voltage division power supply is connected with the positive electrode of an anti-reverse diode D1, and the negative electrode of the voltage division power supply is connected with the ground of a vehicle body; and the cathode of the anti-reverse diode D1 is connected with the anode of the low-voltage storage battery.
5. The new energy multi-source input low-voltage power distribution system supporting wireless communication of claim 1, wherein: the low-voltage distribution controller comprises a main controller and a plurality of distribution branches, each distribution branch is correspondingly connected to a low-voltage distribution load, and a solid-state switch K for controlling the conduction of the branch is arranged in series on each distribution branch; the main controller is connected with the low-voltage load controller corresponding to each low-voltage load through a CAN network; the main controller controls the opening and closing state of each solid-state switch through a driving circuit.
6. The new energy multi-source input low-voltage power distribution system supporting wireless communication of claim 5, wherein: the main control unit is connected with the sampling circuit, the sampling circuit is used for respectively collecting the voltage and current information of each power distribution branch, and the main control unit judges the fault state of the branch according to the collected voltage and current information of the power distribution branch and controls the disconnection of the solid-state switch on the power distribution branch in the fault state.
7. The new energy multi-source input low-voltage power distribution system supporting wireless communication of claim 6, wherein: the sampling circuit comprises an input voltage sampling circuit, a current sampling circuit and an output voltage sampling circuit and is used for respectively collecting the input end voltage, the branch current and the output end voltage of the power distribution branch.
8. The new energy multi-source input low-voltage power distribution system supporting wireless communication of claim 1, wherein: the low voltage distribution controller passes through the CAN network and is connected with TBOX, TBOX passes through mobile data network connection cell-phone APP, and the user sends the turn-off of each distribution branch road of low voltage distribution or opens instruction to TBOX and forwards to the low voltage distribution controller through cell-phone APP, low voltage distribution controller carries out the switching state that user's instruction control corresponds the solid state switch in the distribution branch road.
9. The new energy multi-source input low-voltage distribution system supporting wireless communication of claim 1, wherein: the low-voltage distribution controller inputs an ignition signal through a KL15 port, the low-voltage distribution controller starts to work under the driving of the ignition signal and controls the on-off state of a solid-state switch in the corresponding distribution branch according to a control instruction sent by the low-voltage load controller and the mobile phone APP.
10. The new energy multi-source input low-voltage power distribution system supporting wireless communication of claim 1, wherein: in low pressure distribution controller working process, main control unit gathers input voltage sampling circuit's input voltage signal in real time, and when the voltage of low voltage power input rose when exceeding voltage threshold value unusually, main control unit will ignore low pressure load control ware and cell-phone APP's long-range power supply instruction, with all distribution branch road disconnection.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115257581A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-01 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | High-voltage electrical framework of electric vehicle |
| CN115257581B (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2024-03-01 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | High-voltage electrical architecture of electric vehicle |
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