CN113211980B - Piezoelectric control system for printing OLED device and optimization method - Google Patents

Piezoelectric control system for printing OLED device and optimization method Download PDF

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CN113211980B
CN113211980B CN202110430569.1A CN202110430569A CN113211980B CN 113211980 B CN113211980 B CN 113211980B CN 202110430569 A CN202110430569 A CN 202110430569A CN 113211980 B CN113211980 B CN 113211980B
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image
vacancy
upper computer
piezoelectric
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CN113211980A (en
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宁洪龙
赵杰
彭俊彪
姚日晖
许伟
李依麟
叶倩楠
曾璇
张旭
符晓
梁志豪
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/07—Ink jet characterised by jet control
    • B41J2/12—Ink jet characterised by jet control testing or correcting charge or deflection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/135—Nozzles
    • B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
    • B41J2/14201—Structure of print heads with piezoelectric elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
    • H10K71/12—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating
    • H10K71/13—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating using printing techniques, e.g. ink-jet printing or screen printing
    • H10K71/135—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating using printing techniques, e.g. ink-jet printing or screen printing using ink-jet printing

Abstract

The invention discloses a piezoelectric control system for printing an OLED device and an optimization method, wherein the system controls a main pixel ink droplet injection system to inject organic materials through an upper computer so as to print and form a light emitting layer on the surface of an OLED substrate, and meanwhile, a vacancy pixel monitoring system collects a pixel group image of the OLED substrate in the printing process in real time and sends the pixel group image to the upper computer; the upper computer finds out vacancy pixel points in the image and corresponding positions of the vacancy pixel points in the OLED substrate, controls the vacancy pixel compensation system to perform filling printing on the corresponding positions of the vacancy pixel points in the OLED substrate, eliminates defects in an organic light emitting layer, achieves the purpose of optimizing the OLED printing process, avoids the problem of low yield of devices caused by a small number of vacancy pixels in the OLED printing process, can effectively improve the process stability of the OLED printing, and further promotes the progress of replacing the evaporation technology with the OLED printing technology.

Description

Piezoelectric control system for printing OLED device and optimization method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of printed electronics, in particular to a piezoelectric control system for printing an OLED device and an optimization method.
Background
Nowadays, the display technology is updated at a very fast speed, wherein the OLED technology has become an industrial hotspot, but due to the immaturity and instability of the manufacturing process, the OLED related products have high cost and insufficient yield, which causes a large panel gap and is difficult to meet the market demand. At present, the production process of the OLED panel mainly includes two types: evaporation and inkjet printing, wherein evaporation is the main mode of OLED panel preparation at present. When the organic light-emitting layer is manufactured by using the evaporation technology, a vacuum device is needed, solid organic raw materials are added into the device, and then the solid organic raw materials are gasified by heating and are condensed again at the appointed substrate position to form the OLED organic light-emitting layer which is needed by us. The operating principle of ink-jet printing of the OLED is different, and the OLED organic materials are mainly dissolved by using a solvent, and are directly jet-printed on the surface of a substrate through a high-precision nozzle to form an RGB organic light-emitting layer. It is needless to say that the ink jet printing technology, as a non-contact, non-pressure, and non-mask technology, can precisely spray very small droplets (with volume of picoliter or femtoliter) at a desired position, and the solvent is volatilized, dried and cured to form a thin film, so that a display device with extremely high resolution can be easily formed, and particularly, when the display device is used for processing a large-size panel, the technology is more advantageous.
Compared with the traditional evaporation technology, the inkjet printing OLED technology has great advantages, but the inkjet printing technology at the present stage is limited by the defects of the production process and still cannot be applied to an OLED production line in a large scale. One reason for this is that the stability of the printing process is not guaranteed. Unlike evaporation, inkjet printing techniques typically align the nozzles prior to the printing process, followed by printing. However, the states of the nozzles cannot be observed in the printing process, once one nozzle in the jet printing is blocked due to a fault, liquid injection and cut-off are caused in the printing process, one pixel is influenced, one or more columns of pixels can be influenced, and then a plurality of vacant pixel points and pixel groups are generated, so that the yield of the printed OLED device is low.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a piezoelectric control system capable of realizing ultra-clear printing of OLED devices, which is used to print large-sized OLED panels quickly and fill up vacant pixel points and pixel groups affecting the device performance during the printing process, so as to meet the requirement of high-quality printing.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to solve the defects that ink drop ejection is interrupted due to faults of some ink jet heads and the like in the OLED printing process and finally vacancy pixel points are formed on an OLED substrate, and provide a piezoelectric control system for printing an OLED device, which can rapidly acquire defect pixels in the ejection process in real time, accurately judge the number and accurately position the defect pixels, automatically fill the defect through a vacancy pixel compensation system, avoid the defect of low yield of the device due to a few vacancy pixels in the OLED printing process, effectively improve the process stability of the current OLED printing process, and further promote the progress of replacing an evaporation technology by the OLED printing technology.
A second object of the invention is to propose a piezoelectric control optimization method for printed OLED devices.
The first purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a piezoelectric control system for printing an OLED device comprises an upper computer, a main pixel ink droplet ejection system, a vacancy pixel monitoring system and a vacancy pixel compensation system, wherein the upper computer is connected with the main pixel ink droplet ejection system and controls the main pixel ink droplet ejection system to eject organic materials so as to print and form an organic light emitting layer on the surface of an OLED substrate; the vacancy pixel monitoring system is connected with an upper computer and used for acquiring a pixel group image of the OLED substrate in the printing process and sending the pixel group image to the upper computer to find out vacancy pixel points in the image and corresponding positions of the vacancy pixel points in the OLED substrate; and the upper computer is connected with the vacancy pixel compensation system and controls the vacancy pixel compensation system to perform filling printing on corresponding positions of vacancy pixel points in the OLED substrate so as to eliminate defects in the organic light-emitting layer.
Preferably, the main pixel ink droplet ejection system includes a piezoelectric driving system a, a multi-orifice piezoelectric ink jet head, and a motion control system a;
the piezoelectric driving system A and the motion control system A are respectively connected with an upper computer and controlled by the upper computer; the piezoelectric driving system A is connected with the porous piezoelectric ink-jet head and is used for driving the porous piezoelectric ink-jet head to jet the organic material; the motion control system A is connected with the porous piezoelectric ink gun and the vacancy pixel monitoring system, and the porous piezoelectric ink gun and the vacancy pixel monitoring system move along with the movement of the motion control system A;
the vacancy pixel compensation system comprises a motion control system B and a compensation injection system, the upper computer is connected with the compensation injection system through the motion control system B, and the compensation injection system moves along with the movement of the motion control system B;
the compensation jetting system comprises a piezoelectric driving system B and a monochromatic piezoelectric ink-jet head, the upper computer is connected with and controls the piezoelectric driving system B, and the piezoelectric driving system B is connected with the monochromatic piezoelectric ink-jet head and is used for driving the monochromatic piezoelectric ink-jet head to jet the organic materials.
Furthermore, each piezoelectric driving system A, B includes an arbitrary waveform generating card and a voltage amplifier, the upper computer connects the voltage amplifier through the arbitrary waveform generating card, and the voltage amplifier is connected to the piezoelectric inkjet head;
the motion control systems A, B all include a motion control card and a three-dimensional mobile platform, the upper computer is connected with the three-dimensional mobile platform through the motion control card, the porous piezoelectric ink-jet head and the vacancy pixel monitoring system are respectively carried on the three-dimensional mobile platform of the motion control system A, and the monochromatic piezoelectric ink-jet head is carried on the three-dimensional mobile platform of the motion control system B;
the arbitrary waveform generating card and the motion control card are communicated with the upper computer through a PCI/PCIe bus transmission protocol.
Preferably, the null pixel monitoring system employs a camera.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a piezoelectric control optimization method for printing an OLED device, which is applied to a piezoelectric control system for printing an OLED device according to a first object of the present invention, includes the steps of:
s1, controlling the main pixel ink droplet injection system to inject organic materials by the upper computer, so that the organic materials are printed on the surface of the OLED substrate and form an organic light emitting layer;
in the printing process, the vacancy pixel monitoring system acquires a pixel group image of the OLED substrate in real time and sends the pixel group image to an upper computer;
s2, the upper computer orders the pixel group images according to the collection sequence of the pixel group images to establish an image sequence number two-dimensional right-angle coordinate graph, and in the coordinate graph, the pixel group images are combined together to form a complete image containing the OLED substrate printing surface;
s3, the upper computer counts the number of pixel points of each image, judges whether the image contains vacancy pixel points according to the counted number of the pixel points of each image, if not, continuously judges the next image, if so, further performs comparative analysis with a preset standard image to find out the vacancy pixel points in the pixel group image;
s4, the upper computer respectively establishes a single image internal pixel point sequence number two-dimensional right-angle coordinate graph for each image, and each internal pixel point of the image has a corresponding two-dimensional coordinate in the coordinate graph;
s5, the upper computer performs coordinate transformation on the vacancy pixel points, so that two-dimensional distance coordinates of the vacancy pixel points in an image sequence number two-dimensional rectangular coordinate graph are calculated, and the two-dimensional distance coordinates are used as actual two-dimensional coordinates of the vacancy pixel points on the printing surface of the OLED substrate;
and S6, generating a corresponding control instruction by the upper computer according to the actual two-dimensional coordinates of the vacancy pixel points, and performing filling printing on the corresponding positions of the vacancy pixel points in the OLED substrate by the vacancy pixel compensation system according to the control instruction so as to eliminate the defects in the organic light-emitting layer.
Preferably, in step S1, the upper computer controls the movement of the motion control system a in the main pixel ink droplet ejection system, so that the porous piezoelectric inkjet head and the null pixel monitoring system move along with the movement of the motion control system a; meanwhile, the upper computer controls the piezoelectric driving system A to output a plurality of paths of driving signals so as to drive the porous piezoelectric ink jet head to jet organic materials, and the organic materials are spread on the printing surface of the OLED substrate and form an organic light emitting layer.
Preferably, in step S3, the upper computer performs image conversion, pixel point extraction, and serial number calibration on each image, so as to count the number of pixel points of each image; then judging whether the counted number of pixel points of each single image is equal to preset n1 × n2, wherein n1 and n2 are larger than 1, if so, indicating that the image has no vacant pixel points, and judging the next image; if the difference is not equal, indicating that the image has the vacancy pixel points, and finding out the vacancy pixel points.
Further, the image conversion process is as follows:
1) gray level conversion: firstly, converting a pixel group image of an OLED substrate from an RGB color space to an HSL color space to obtain an HSL image, and then extracting a brightness plane to obtain a gray level image;
2) and (3) binarization conversion: firstly, according to a preset gray threshold T, dividing a pixel group forming a gray image into two parts, wherein a pixel point smaller than the gray threshold T is black, the pixel point is used as a target pixel point, and a pixel point larger than the gray threshold T is white, so that a color image is converted into a black-and-white image;
pixel point extraction and serial number calibration are specifically as follows: extracting target pixel points in the processed image, respectively calibrating corresponding serial numbers of each target pixel point according to a calibration sequence of a same row and a same column from small to large coordinates, and taking the maximum serial number as a final statistical result of the number of the image pixel points after calibration is finished.
Preferably, in step S3, the pixel group image is compared with a preset standard image, specifically, the calibrated image is subjected to contour extraction, the extracted contour image is compared with the calibrated standard contour image, a pixel point having a difference between the two is found, and a serial number of the pixel point in the standard contour image is stored, where the stored serial number of the pixel point represents a vacant pixel point in the found pixel group image.
Preferably, in step S5, the upper computer calculates a two-dimensional distance coordinate of the empty pixel point in the two-dimensional rectangular coordinate graph of the image number by using a coordinate transformation formula, where the coordinate transformation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003031191920000051
Figure BDA0003031191920000052
in the formula, X, Y is a two-dimensional distance coordinate of the vacancy pixel point in an image sequence number two-dimensional rectangular coordinate graph, namely an actual two-dimensional coordinate of the vacancy pixel point on a printing surface of the OLED substrate; a. b is a two-dimensional serial number coordinate of a single image in which the vacancy pixel points are located in an image serial number two-dimensional rectangular coordinate graph; x and y are two-dimensional serial number coordinates of the vacancy pixel points in a single image; d is the center spacing distance between any two adjacent pixel points;
in step S6, the upper computer converts the actual two-dimensional coordinates of the empty-position pixel points into corresponding pulse numbers by using a coordinate pulse conversion formula, and the motion control system B in the empty-position pixel compensation system moves a corresponding distance according to the pulse numbers, so that the monochromatic piezoelectric inkjet head reaches right above the corresponding position of the empty-position pixel point in the OLED substrate;
then, the upper computer controls the piezoelectric driving system B to output driving pulse signals with corresponding quantity according to the ink drop quantity required by each pixel point so as to drive the monochromatic piezoelectric ink jet head to jet a certain quantity of ink drops and carry out filling printing on the corresponding positions of the vacant pixel points in the OLED substrate;
the coordinate pulse conversion formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003031191920000061
Figure BDA0003031191920000062
in the formula, Px and Py are respectively the pulse numbers corresponding to the X-axis servo motor and the Y-axis servo motor of the motion control system B; ω is a pulse correspondenceThe actual distance of the first and second sensors,
Figure BDA0003031191920000063
s is the lead of the lead screw, and w is the number of pulses corresponding to one rotation of the servo motor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1) the piezoelectric control system comprises an upper computer, a main pixel ink drop injection system, a vacancy pixel monitoring system and a vacancy pixel compensation system. The upper computer can control the main pixel ink droplet injection system to inject a plurality of ink flows on the OLED substrate, so that the large-area printing is realized, and the production efficiency is greatly improved; meanwhile, the vacancy pixel monitoring system can acquire pixel group images in the printing process in real time, and the upper computer can find out vacancy pixel points without omission according to the pixel group images to obtain the number and accurate positioning of the vacancy pixel points; the upper computer controls the vacancy pixel compensation system to automatically compensate the defective pixels based on the number and the positioning of the vacancy pixel points, the influence of the defective pixels on the printing of the OLED can be effectively controlled in the whole process, the OLED printing process is optimized, and the possibility is provided for large-scale deployment of the OLED printing production line.
(2) The main pixel ink droplet jet system adopts the combination of the arbitrary waveform generation card and the porous piezoelectric nozzle, the output of the driving waveform is stable, and the frequency, the amplitude and the phase are adjustable, so that the main pixel ink droplet jet system is suitable for the piezoelectric nozzles of different models, and the defect that the printing head matched with the same model of printing machine is forced to be used is avoided. The vacancy pixel monitoring system adopts a high-resolution high-frame-rate camera, and the upper computer can obtain an undistorted image containing vacancy pixel points, and realizes graying, binaryzation, filtering noise reduction, image calibration, contour extraction, pixel point contrast analysis and high identification accuracy of the image. The motion control system is combined by means of a motion control card and a three-dimensional moving platform, the motion control precision is high, the fixed-point moving error can be almost ignored, and precision guarantee is provided for later-stage compensation ink jet.
(3) In the piezoelectric control optimization method, on one hand, an upper computer sequences images according to the sequence of the collected images, a two-dimensional rectangular coordinate graph of image sequence numbers is drawn, and the coverage of a defect pixel monitoring range to the whole OLED substrate is completed; on the other hand, the upper computer processes the defective pixels in each image in a multithread mode, a single image internal pixel point sequence number two-dimensional rectangular coordinate graph is established, the coordinate formula is used for processing image group and pixel group data, the position of the defective pixel is accurately located, and the whole-process macroscopic processing method and the whole-process microscopic processing method are combined with each other, so that the algorithm processing process is simple and efficient.
(4) The main pixel ink droplet injection system, the vacancy pixel monitoring system and the vacancy pixel compensation system are all regulated and controlled by an upper computer, the system integration and the automation degree are high, meanwhile, the quantity and the positions of random vacancy pixel points can be quickly obtained by means of simplified and efficient algorithm optimization, and the random vacancy pixel points are fed back to the compensation system to automatically fill the defects. On one hand, the manufacturing process of the printed OLED device is improved, the large-size printing manufacturing of the OLED device is realized, and the yield and the process stability of the printed OLED device are greatly improved; on the other hand, the method has the characteristic of high automation, and meanwhile, the equipment used in the method is simple, low in cost and convenient to operate, and provides technical support for large-area deployment of the printing OLED production line.
(5) In the method, on the basis of obtaining the number and the positions of the vacancy pixels through calculation, an upper computer establishes a simple and efficient algorithm process by using a coordinate formula and a coordinate pulse conversion formula, realizes conversion of actual distance data into pulse data and transmission of the pulse data to a vacancy pixel compensation system, determines the fixed-point moving direction and distance of the three-dimensional moving module, further accurately moves the monochromatic piezoelectric ink-jet head to be right above the specified defective pixels, completes the final pixel filling process, and completes automatic optimization of printing of large-size OLED devices. The whole process does not need artificial interference, and the system and the method are highly integrated, so that the stability of the OLED printing process is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the piezoelectric compensation ink jet head adopted by the vacancy pixel compensation system has extremely high sensitivity to pulse signals, and the number of voltage pulses is accurately matched with the number of ink drops, so that the appearance characteristics of the compensation pixel point and the main pixel point are completely consistent.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a piezoelectric control system for printing an OLED device in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the software and hardware configuration of the system of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a two-dimensional rectangular coordinate diagram of image numbers in example 1.
Fig. 4 is a two-dimensional rectangular coordinate diagram of serial numbers of internal pixel points of a single image in embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a process of empty-bit pixel point monitoring in embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the image analysis process in the monitoring process of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison between the contour image extracted in example 1 and a standard contour image.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a process of empty-bit pixel compensation in embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a piezoelectric control system for printing OLED devices, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprising an upper computer, a main pixel droplet ejection system, an empty pixel monitoring system, and an empty pixel compensation system.
The host computer is connected with the main pixel ink droplet jetting system and controls the main pixel ink droplet jetting system to jet the organic materials so as to print and form the organic light-emitting layer on the surface of the OLED substrate. The organic material herein means ink for ink jet printing.
Specifically, the main pixel ink droplet ejection system comprises a piezoelectric driving system A, a porous piezoelectric ink jet head and a motion control system A, wherein the piezoelectric driving system A and the motion control system A are respectively connected with an upper computer and controlled by the upper computer. The porous piezoelectric ink jet head is communicated with an external ink storage device, and the ink storage device can continuously supply ink for the piezoelectric ink jet head.
The piezoelectric driving system A is connected with the porous piezoelectric ink-jet head and is used for driving the porous piezoelectric ink-jet head to jet the organic material. The motion control system A is connected with the porous piezoelectric ink gun and the vacancy pixel monitoring system, and the porous piezoelectric ink gun and the vacancy pixel monitoring system can move along with the movement of the motion control system A, so that the porous piezoelectric ink gun can be driven by the motion control system A to move and spray organic materials at the same time, and the organic materials can be spread on the printing surface of the OLED substrate to form an organic light-emitting layer.
The vacancy pixel monitoring system is connected with the upper computer and used for obtaining a pixel group image of the OLED substrate in the printing process and sending the pixel group image to the upper computer to find out vacancy pixel points in the image and corresponding positions of the vacancy pixel points in the OLED substrate. The vacant pixel point represents that a certain position in the printing surface corresponding to the pixel point is not laid on the organic material, namely, the defect of the organic light-emitting layer is explained.
Here, the null pixel monitoring system may employ a high-resolution high-frame-rate camera including an ultra-high-definition CCD and an enlarging lens. The upper computer can be provided with an image processing software system matched with the vacancy pixel monitoring system for use, and can be used for carrying out binaryzation, noise reduction optimization, pixel point extraction, serial number calibration and contour extraction on the image.
The vacancy pixel compensation system is connected with an upper computer, the upper computer can control the vacancy pixel compensation system to reach the position above the position corresponding to the vacancy pixel points in the OLED substrate according to the number and the position of the found vacancy pixel points, and ink drops are sprayed to the position to fill up the vacancy pixels and eliminate defects in the organic light emitting layer.
Specifically, the vacancy pixel compensation system comprises a motion control system B and a compensation injection system, the upper computer is connected with the compensation injection system through the motion control system B, and the compensation injection system can move along with the movement of the motion control system B. The compensation jetting system further comprises a piezoelectric driving system B and a monochromatic piezoelectric inkjet head (i.e. a single-hole piezoelectric inkjet head as a compensation inkjet head) which is communicated with an external ink storage device, wherein the ink storage device can supply ink for the monochromatic piezoelectric inkjet head. The upper computer is connected with and controls the piezoelectric driving system B, and the piezoelectric driving system B is connected with the monochromatic piezoelectric ink gun and can be used for driving the monochromatic piezoelectric ink gun to spray organic materials.
Therefore, the monochromatic piezoelectric ink jet head can be moved to a target position to jet organic materials under the drive of the motion control system B, so that vacancy defects in the organic light emitting layer are filled, and OLED printing is optimized.
In this embodiment, each of the piezoelectric driving systems A, B includes an arbitrary waveform generation card and a voltage amplifier, and the upper computer is connected with the voltage amplifier through the arbitrary waveform generation card, and the voltage amplifier is connected with the piezoelectric inkjet head. The arbitrary waveform generation card can communicate with the upper computer through a PCI/PCIe bus transmission protocol.
The motion control system A, B may serve as hardware support and precision positioning. Here, the motion control systems A, B each include a motion control card and a three-dimensional mobile platform, the upper computer is connected to the three-dimensional mobile platform through the motion control card, and the motion control card communicates with the upper computer through a PCI/PCIe bus transport protocol. The three-dimensional moving platform mainly comprises a three-dimensional module, a servo motor and a driver, wherein an object (an ink jet head and a camera) can be installed on the three-dimensional module, and the servo motor can drive the object to move on the three-dimensional module through the driver.
In addition, the embodiment also discloses a piezoelectric control optimization method for the printing OLED device, which can be applied to the piezoelectric control system to realize the optimization of the OLED printing process and obtain the high-quality OLED. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
and S1, correctly connecting the main pixel ink droplet ejection system, the vacancy pixel monitoring system and the vacancy pixel compensation system to an upper computer.
After the whole control system is powered on and started, the upper computer controls a motion control system A in the main pixel ink droplet jetting system to move, so that the porous piezoelectric ink jet head and the vacancy pixel monitoring system move along with the movement of the motion control system A; meanwhile, the upper computer controls the piezoelectric driving system A to output a plurality of paths of driving signals so as to drive the porous piezoelectric ink jet head to jet the organic materials to the printing surface of the OLED substrate, and finally the organic materials are spread on the printing surface of the OLED substrate to form an organic light emitting layer.
In the printing process, the vacancy pixel monitoring system acquires the pixel group image of the whole OLED substrate in real time and sends the pixel group image to the upper computer.
And S2, the upper computer orders the pixel group images according to the acquisition sequence of the pixel group images to establish a two-dimensional rectangular coordinate graph of the image sequence numbers, as shown in FIG. 3. In the coordinate graph, the pixel group images are combined together to form a complete image containing the printing surface of the OLED substrate. The collecting sequence of this embodiment may be that the images are printed in sequence according to the row sequence, and the images of one row of array are collected first, and then the images of the next row of array are collected in reverse direction, and so on.
And S3, as shown in the figures 5 and 6, the upper computer performs image conversion, pixel point extraction and serial number calibration on each image, so as to count the number of pixel points of each image.
Wherein, (1) the image conversion process is as follows:
1) gray level conversion: firstly, converting a U32 type pixel group image of an OLED substrate from an RGB color space to an HSL color space to obtain a U32 type HSL image, then extracting a brightness plane, wherein the brightness plane completely corresponds to a gray level image, is a unique color plane capable of providing accurate expression of the gray level image, and further can be converted into the gray level image.
2) And (3) binarization conversion: firstly, according to a preset gray threshold value T, a pixel group forming a gray image is divided into two parts, wherein pixel points smaller than the gray threshold value T are black, and pixel points larger than the gray threshold value T are white, so that a color image is converted into a black-and-white image, visual information contained in the image can be simplified, and later-stage image processing is facilitated. The gray threshold T may be set in the upper computer first. Because the image has no ink drop, the image is white, so the black pixel point is the target pixel point to be detected, and then the pixel point extraction and the serial number calibration are carried out on the binary image.
In addition, in order to improve the statistical accuracy and eliminate the interference of noise on a target pixel point, before the binarization conversion, the gray level image can be optimized, wherein a two-dimensional median filtering method is adopted to filter and reduce noise of the gray level image:
firstly, dividing the whole image into a plurality of pixel groups according to the number of pixels, wherein the structure of each pixel group is m1 m2(m1 and m2 are more than 1 and less than the frame length of the image and can be set on an upper computer), then sorting the gray values of m1 m2 pixels in each pixel group in an ascending order, and taking the middle gray value as the gray values of all the pixels in the pixel group, thereby eliminating the noise points with over-large or over-small gray values.
(2) Extracting pixel points and calibrating serial numbers, specifically, extracting target pixel points in the processed image, calibrating corresponding serial numbers of each target pixel point according to a calibration sequence of a same row and a same column from small to large coordinates, and taking the maximum serial number as a final statistical result of the number of the image pixel points after calibration is finished.
After the statistics is completed, the upper computer judges whether the image contains vacancy pixel points (and a vacancy pixel group synthesized by a plurality of adjacent vacancy pixel points) according to the number of the pixel points of each image after the statistics is completed.
As shown in fig. 5, it is specifically determined whether the counted number of pixels of each single image is equal to preset n1 × n2(n1, n2 > 1, which can be set on the upper computer), and if so, it indicates that the image has no vacant pixels and continues to determine the next image;
if the pixel values are not equal, indicating that vacancy pixel points exist in the image, and further performing comparative analysis on the image and a preset standard image to find out the vacancy pixel points in the pixel group image. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the calibrated image is subjected to contour extraction, the extracted contour image is compared with the calibrated standard contour image to find out the pixel points with differences between the two contour images, and the serial numbers of the pixel points in the standard contour image are stored, where the stored serial numbers of the pixel points represent the found vacant pixel points in the pixel group image. The standard image may be stored in the upper computer in advance.
And S4, the upper computer processes each image in a multithread mode, and for each image, a corresponding single-image internal pixel point sequence number two-dimensional rectangular coordinate graph is respectively established, as shown in the graph 4, each internal pixel point of a single image has a corresponding two-dimensional coordinate in the coordinate graph.
And S5, as shown in FIG. 8, the upper computer performs coordinate transformation on the vacancy pixel points, so that two-dimensional distance coordinates of the vacancy pixel points in the image sequence number two-dimensional rectangular coordinate graph are calculated, and the two-dimensional distance coordinates are used as actual two-dimensional coordinates of the vacancy pixel points on the printing surface of the OLED substrate.
Here, the two-dimensional distance coordinates may be calculated using a coordinate transformation formula as follows:
Figure BDA0003031191920000131
Figure BDA0003031191920000132
in the formula, X, Y is a two-dimensional distance coordinate of the vacancy pixel point in an image sequence number two-dimensional rectangular coordinate graph, namely an actual two-dimensional coordinate of the vacancy pixel point on a printing surface of the OLED substrate; a. b is a two-dimensional serial number coordinate of a single image in which the vacancy pixel points are located in an image serial number two-dimensional rectangular coordinate graph; x and y are two-dimensional serial number coordinates of the vacancy pixel points in a single image; d is the center spacing distance between any two adjacent pixel points.
And S6, generating a corresponding control instruction by the upper computer according to the actual two-dimensional coordinates of the vacancy pixel points, and performing filling printing on the corresponding positions of the vacancy pixel points in the OLED substrate by the vacancy pixel compensation system according to the control instruction so as to eliminate the defects in the organic light-emitting layer.
Specifically, the upper computer converts the actual two-dimensional coordinates of the vacancy pixel points into the corresponding pulse number by using a coordinate pulse conversion formula, wherein the coordinate pulse conversion formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003031191920000133
Figure BDA0003031191920000134
in the formula, Px and Py are respectively the pulse numbers corresponding to the X-axis servo motor and the Y-axis servo motor of the motion control system B; x, Y is the actual two-dimensional coordinate of the vacancy pixel point; omega is the actual distance corresponding to one pulse,
Figure BDA0003031191920000135
s is the lead of the lead screw, and w is the number of pulses corresponding to one rotation of the servo motor.
A motion control system B in the vacancy pixel compensation system controls a servo motor to rotate by a corresponding angle according to the number of pulses, so that the three-dimensional module lead screw sliding table moves by a corresponding distance accurately, and the monochromatic piezoelectric ink-jet head reaches right above the corresponding position of a vacancy pixel point in the OLED substrate;
and then, the upper computer controls any waveform generation card of the piezoelectric driving system B to output driving pulse signals with corresponding quantity according to the ink drop quantity required by each pixel point, the signals are boosted by a voltage amplifier and then are added to the positive and negative terminals of the monochromatic piezoelectric ink gun, and the driving nozzle sprays a certain amount of ink drops to fill and print the corresponding positions of the vacant pixel points in the OLED substrate. Of course, if the OLED substrate is empty after the filling, the OLED substrate can be printed again according to the steps.
The invention is not to be considered as limited to the specific embodiments shown and described, but is to be understood to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. The piezoelectric control system for printing the OLED device is characterized by comprising an upper computer, a main pixel ink droplet injection system, a vacancy pixel monitoring system and a vacancy pixel compensation system, wherein the upper computer is connected with the main pixel ink droplet injection system and controls the main pixel ink droplet injection system to inject organic materials so as to print and form an organic light emitting layer on the surface of an OLED substrate; the vacancy pixel monitoring system is connected with an upper computer and used for acquiring a pixel group image of the OLED substrate in the printing process and sending the pixel group image to the upper computer to find out vacancy pixel points in the image and corresponding positions of the vacancy pixel points in the OLED substrate; the upper computer is connected with the vacancy pixel compensation system and controls the vacancy pixel compensation system to perform filling printing on corresponding positions of vacancy pixel points in the OLED substrate so as to eliminate defects in the organic light-emitting layer;
the main pixel ink droplet ejection system comprises a piezoelectric driving system A, a porous piezoelectric ink jet head and a motion control system A;
the piezoelectric driving system A and the motion control system A are respectively connected with an upper computer and controlled by the upper computer; the piezoelectric driving system A is connected with the porous piezoelectric ink-jet head and is used for driving the porous piezoelectric ink-jet head to jet the organic material; the motion control system A is connected with the porous piezoelectric ink gun and the vacancy pixel monitoring system, and the porous piezoelectric ink gun and the vacancy pixel monitoring system move along with the movement of the motion control system A;
the vacancy pixel compensation system comprises a motion control system B and a compensation injection system, the upper computer is connected with the compensation injection system through the motion control system B, and the compensation injection system moves along with the movement of the motion control system B;
the compensation jetting system comprises a piezoelectric driving system B and a monochromatic piezoelectric ink-jet head, the upper computer is connected with and controls the piezoelectric driving system B, and the piezoelectric driving system B is connected with the monochromatic piezoelectric ink-jet head and is used for driving the monochromatic piezoelectric ink-jet head to jet the organic materials.
2. The piezoelectric control system according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric driving systems A, B each include an arbitrary waveform generation card and a voltage amplifier, the upper computer is connected with the voltage amplifier through the arbitrary waveform generation card, and the voltage amplifier is connected with the piezoelectric inkjet head;
the motion control systems A, B all include a motion control card and a three-dimensional mobile platform, the upper computer is connected with the three-dimensional mobile platform through the motion control card, the porous piezoelectric ink-jet head and the vacancy pixel monitoring system are respectively carried on the three-dimensional mobile platform of the motion control system A, and the monochromatic piezoelectric ink-jet head is carried on the three-dimensional mobile platform of the motion control system B;
the arbitrary waveform generating card and the motion control card are communicated with the upper computer through a PCI/PCIe bus transmission protocol.
3. The piezoelectric control system of claim 1, wherein the null pixel monitoring system employs a camera.
4. A piezoelectric control optimization method for printing an OLED device, which is applied to the piezoelectric control system for printing the OLED device in any one of claims 1-3, and comprises the following steps:
s1, controlling the main pixel ink droplet injection system to inject organic materials by the upper computer, so that the organic materials are printed on the surface of the OLED substrate and form an organic light emitting layer;
in the printing process, the vacancy pixel monitoring system acquires a pixel group image of the OLED substrate in real time and sends the pixel group image to an upper computer;
s2, the upper computer orders the pixel group images according to the collection sequence of the pixel group images to establish an image sequence number two-dimensional right-angle coordinate graph, and in the coordinate graph, the pixel group images are combined together to form a complete image containing the OLED substrate printing surface;
s3, the upper computer counts the number of pixel points of each image, judges whether the image contains vacancy pixel points according to the counted number of the pixel points of each image, if not, continuously judges the next image, if so, further performs comparative analysis with a preset standard image to find out the vacancy pixel points in the pixel group image;
s4, the upper computer respectively establishes a single image internal pixel point sequence number two-dimensional right-angle coordinate graph for each image, and each internal pixel point of the image has a corresponding two-dimensional coordinate in the coordinate graph;
s5, the upper computer performs coordinate transformation on the vacancy pixel points, so that two-dimensional distance coordinates of the vacancy pixel points in an image sequence number two-dimensional rectangular coordinate graph are calculated, and the two-dimensional distance coordinates are used as actual two-dimensional coordinates of the vacancy pixel points on the printing surface of the OLED substrate;
and S6, generating a corresponding control instruction by the upper computer according to the actual two-dimensional coordinates of the vacancy pixel points, and performing filling printing on the corresponding positions of the vacancy pixel points in the OLED substrate by the vacancy pixel compensation system according to the control instruction so as to eliminate the defects in the organic light-emitting layer.
5. The piezoelectric control optimization method according to claim 4, wherein, in step S1, the upper computer controls the movement of the motion control system a in the main pixel ink droplet ejection system, so that the multi-orifice piezoelectric inkjet head and the null pixel monitoring system move in accordance with the movement of the motion control system a; meanwhile, the upper computer controls the piezoelectric driving system A to output a plurality of paths of driving signals so as to drive the porous piezoelectric ink jet head to jet organic materials, and the organic materials are spread on the printing surface of the OLED substrate and form an organic light emitting layer.
6. The piezoelectric control optimization method according to claim 4, wherein in step S3, the upper computer performs image conversion, pixel point extraction, and serial number calibration on each image, thereby counting the number of pixel points of each image; then judging whether the counted number of pixel points of each single image is equal to preset n1 × n2, wherein n1 and n2 are larger than 1, if so, indicating that the image has no vacant pixel points, and judging the next image; if the difference is not equal, indicating that the image has the vacancy pixel points, and finding out the vacancy pixel points.
7. The piezo-electric control optimization method according to claim 6, wherein the image transformation is performed as follows:
1) gray level conversion: firstly, converting a pixel group image of an OLED substrate from an RGB color space to an HSL color space to obtain an HSL image, and then extracting a brightness plane to obtain a gray level image;
2) and (3) binarization conversion: firstly, according to a preset gray threshold T, dividing a pixel group forming a gray image into two parts, wherein a pixel point smaller than the gray threshold T is black, the pixel point is used as a target pixel point, and a pixel point larger than the gray threshold T is white, so that a color image is converted into a black-and-white image;
pixel point extraction and serial number calibration are specifically as follows: extracting target pixel points in the processed image, respectively calibrating corresponding serial numbers of each target pixel point according to a calibration sequence of a same row and a same column from small to large coordinates, and taking the maximum serial number as a final statistical result of the number of the image pixel points after calibration is finished.
8. The piezoelectric control optimization method according to claim 4, wherein in step S3, the pixel group image is compared with a preset standard image, specifically, the calibrated image is subjected to contour extraction, the extracted contour image is compared with the calibrated standard contour image, a pixel point having a difference between the two is found, and a serial number of the pixel point in the standard contour image is stored, where the stored serial number of the pixel point represents a vacant pixel point in the found pixel group image.
9. The piezoelectric control optimization method according to claim 4, wherein in step S5, the upper computer calculates a two-dimensional distance coordinate of the null pixel point in the image number two-dimensional rectangular coordinate graph by using a coordinate transformation formula, where the coordinate transformation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0003460193930000041
Figure FDA0003460193930000042
in the formula, X, Y is a two-dimensional distance coordinate of the vacancy pixel point in an image sequence number two-dimensional rectangular coordinate graph, namely an actual two-dimensional coordinate of the vacancy pixel point on a printing surface of the OLED substrate; a. b is a two-dimensional serial number coordinate of a single image in which the vacancy pixel points are located in an image serial number two-dimensional rectangular coordinate graph; x and y are two-dimensional serial number coordinates of the vacancy pixel points in a single image; d is the center spacing distance between any two adjacent pixel points;
in step S6, the upper computer converts the actual two-dimensional coordinates of the empty-position pixel points into corresponding pulse numbers by using a coordinate pulse conversion formula, and the motion control system B in the empty-position pixel compensation system moves a corresponding distance according to the pulse numbers, so that the monochromatic piezoelectric inkjet head reaches right above the corresponding position of the empty-position pixel point in the OLED substrate;
then, the upper computer controls the piezoelectric driving system B to output driving pulse signals with corresponding quantity according to the ink drop quantity required by each pixel point so as to drive the monochromatic piezoelectric ink jet head to jet a certain quantity of ink drops and carry out filling printing on the corresponding positions of the vacant pixel points in the OLED substrate;
the coordinate pulse conversion formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0003460193930000051
Figure FDA0003460193930000052
in the formula, Px and Py are respectively the pulse numbers corresponding to the X-axis servo motor and the Y-axis servo motor of the motion control system B; omega is the actual distance corresponding to one pulse,
Figure FDA0003460193930000053
s is the lead of the lead screw, and w is the number of pulses corresponding to one rotation of the servo motor.
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