CN113211691B - Rubber asphalt production method based on microwave heating - Google Patents
Rubber asphalt production method based on microwave heating Download PDFInfo
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- CN113211691B CN113211691B CN202110500654.0A CN202110500654A CN113211691B CN 113211691 B CN113211691 B CN 113211691B CN 202110500654 A CN202110500654 A CN 202110500654A CN 113211691 B CN113211691 B CN 113211691B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
- C08J11/10—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
- C08J11/12—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by dry-heat treatment only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
- B29C2035/0855—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using microwave
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing rubber asphalt based on microwave heating, which belongs to the technical field of asphalt generation and comprises the following steps: the rubber powder is subjected to microwave generation under the negative pressure state to complete drying, desulfurization and heating; mixing the rubber powder subjected to desulfurization and activation with an auxiliary agent and matrix asphalt, and performing swelling reaction to obtain rubber asphalt; the rubber asphalt is subjected to microwave radiation to obtain vulcanization treatment. The desulfurization and activation are realized by microwave radiation of the rubber powder, and the inert gas provides an oxygen-free environment for the activation of the rubber powder, so that the oxidation and spontaneous combustion of the rubber powder are avoided; the activated rubber powder is mixed with matrix asphalt and an auxiliary agent for swelling reaction, and the obtained rubber asphalt flow is vulcanized by microwave radiation. According to the invention, the rubber powder is heated by microwaves to realize the separation and activation, and meanwhile, the microwaves are utilized to heat and vulcanize the rubber asphalt, so that the production process is simplified, the equipment cost input is reduced, the production efficiency of the rubber asphalt can be improved, the quality of the rubber asphalt can be improved, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of asphalt production equipment, and particularly relates to a method for producing rubber asphalt based on microwave heating.
Background
The rubber asphalt is a modified asphalt cementing material which is formed by processing the raw materials of the waste tires into rubber powder, combining the rubber powder according to a certain thickness proportion, adding a plurality of high polymer modifiers as auxiliaries, and fully melting and expanding the rubber powder and the matrix asphalt under the condition of fully mixing and high temperature.
As is known, one of the raw materials for producing rubber asphalt is rubber powder, namely waste tires are cut into strips, blocks and ground into rubber powder, and the rubber is a high-molecular reticular structure material which is an elastomer with huge cohesion in a normal state, so that a large amount of rubber powder is difficult to be uniformly dispersed in the asphalt by simple heat energy and mechanical energy. The conventional method is that the rubber powder is desulfurized in a special desulfurization device, and then the desulfurized rubber powder is added into the asphalt mixed with the auxiliary agent for swelling reaction, so that the process for producing the rubber modified asphalt is complex, a special desulfurization device is needed, the production cost is high, and the production efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of complex production process, high cost and low efficiency of the rubber asphalt in the prior art by providing a rubber asphalt production method based on microwave heating.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for producing rubber asphalt based on microwave heating comprises the following steps:
s100: rubber powder is heated by microwaves under a negative pressure state and is subjected to three stages of rubber powder preheating and drying, rubber powder desulfurization and rubber powder heating;
preheating and drying the rubber powder to 100 +/-10 ℃, and preserving heat until the rubber powder is dried;
then heating to 150 +/-10 ℃, and preserving heat until the rubber powder is completely desulfurized;
continuously heating to 180 +/-10 ℃ to reach the swelling temperature of the rubber asphalt;
the rubber powder is stabilized in temperature in the heat preservation period by inputting and cooling inert gas;
s200: mixing the rubber powder subjected to desulfurization and activation with an auxiliary agent and matrix asphalt, and performing swelling reaction to obtain rubber asphalt;
s300: and (5) performing microwave radiation on the rubber asphalt obtained in the step (S200) to obtain vulcanization treatment.
Preferably, in step S100, the rubber powder is subjected to microwave heating in a microwave resonant cavity, the microwave resonant cavity is connected with a waveguide tube connected with a microwave generator, and the rubber powder is subjected to desulfurization, activation and heating; the microwave resonant cavity is also provided with a rubber powder stirring mechanism; and a polytetrafluoroethylene coating is sprayed on the inner wall of the microwave resonant cavity.
Preferably, the microwave resonant cavity is connected with an inert gas pipe and used for inputting inert gas into the microwave resonant cavity, and meanwhile, the microwave resonant cavity is connected with an air extraction device so that the microwave resonant cavity is kept in a negative pressure state; a refrigerator is arranged on the inert gas pipe.
Preferably, in the step S200, the rubber powder undergoes a swelling reaction in a swelling tank to obtain rubber asphalt; the discharge hole of the microwave resonant cavity is connected with the feed inlet of the swelling tank, and the rubber powder subjected to desulfurization and activation by the microwave resonant cavity enters the swelling tank to be mixed with the matrix asphalt and the auxiliary agent to generate the rubber asphalt.
Preferably, in step S300, rubber asphalt enters a vulcanization pipe on the upper portion of the microwave resonant cavity through an asphalt pump and an asphalt conveying pipe to be subjected to microwave vulcanization, wherein the vulcanization pipe is made of polytetrafluoroethylene; an auxiliary agent feeding pipe connected with the swelling tank is respectively connected with the outlet end of the vulcanizing pipe and the asphalt discharging pipe through a three-way valve, and a viscometer and a flowmeter are arranged on the auxiliary agent feeding pipe; the inlet end of the vulcanizing pipe is respectively connected with the asphalt conveying pipe and the auxiliary conveying pipe through a three-way valve, and the auxiliary conveying pipe is connected with an outlet of the auxiliary pump.
Preferably, a flowmeter is arranged on the asphalt conveying pipe, the flowmeter, the microwave generator, the asphalt pump and the auxiliary agent pump are all connected with the controller, the rotation speed of the asphalt pump is matched with the power of the microwave generator through the controller, and meanwhile, the flowmeter is adjusted to enable the flow rate of the rubber asphalt in the vulcanizing pipe to be matched with the power of the microwave generator.
Preferably, asphalt flue gas volatilized in the rubber asphalt preparation process enters a gas storage tank for storage, is pumped by a fan and enters a flue gas degradation pipe penetrating through a microwave resonant cavity through a flue gas pipeline, the asphalt flue gas flowing through the flue gas degradation pipe is degraded at high temperature under microwave radiation, and is purified by a waste gas adsorption box and then is discharged.
Preferably, an oxygen detector is arranged on the side wall of the microwave resonant cavity and used for detecting the oxygen concentration in the microwave resonant cavity; the bottom of the waste gas adsorption box is communicated with the bottom of the microwave resonant cavity through a fan and a tail gas pipe, and a one-way valve is arranged at the joint of the microwave resonant cavity and the tail gas pipe and used for inputting tail gas to maintain an oxygen-free environment in the microwave resonant cavity when the oxygen concentration in the microwave resonant cavity is low.
Preferably, the rubber powder stirring mechanism comprises a stirring blade and a driving part, the stirring blade is horizontally arranged at the bottom of an inner cavity of the microwave resonant cavity, and the driving part is arranged outside the microwave resonant cavity and used for driving the stirring blade to rotate; a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged on the stirring blade at intervals;
and the top of the inner cavity of the microwave resonant cavity is provided with a radar level gauge for measuring the rubber powder level and controlling the rubber powder level to be higher than the stirring blade of the rubber powder stirring mechanism.
Preferably, the microwave resonant cavity is further provided with a spray assembly, the spray assembly comprises a spray pipe and a plurality of nozzles, the plurality of nozzles are arranged on the spray pipe at intervals, the spray pipe is horizontally arranged at the top of the microwave resonant cavity, and the spray pipe sprays the microwave resonant cavity through the plurality of nozzles to cool the microwave resonant cavity; the spray pipe and the nozzle in the microwave resonant cavity are made of polytetrafluoroethylene materials.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in: compared with the prior art, the invention realizes the aim of desulfurization and activation by microwave radiation of rubber powder; meanwhile, an oxygen-free environment is provided for the rubber powder activation process by using inert gas, so that the safety of the rubber powder in the microwave activation process is ensured, and the spontaneous combustion phenomenon caused by uneven heating is avoided; the activated rubber powder is mixed with matrix asphalt and an auxiliary agent for swelling reaction, and the obtained rubber asphalt flow is vulcanized by microwave radiation. According to the invention, the rubber powder is heated by microwaves to realize separation and activation, and meanwhile, the rubber asphalt is heated and vulcanized by the microwaves, so that the production process is simplified, the equipment cost input is reduced, the production efficiency of the rubber asphalt can be improved, the quality of the rubber asphalt can be improved, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a rubber asphalt production apparatus used in one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a microwave cavity in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of the microwave cavity of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a vulcanization tube in the embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-swelling pot; 2-a microwave resonant cavity; 3-a waveguide; 4-a vulcanization tube; 5-an exhaust port; 6-helical blades; 7-asphalt conveying pipe; 8-asphalt pump; 9-asphalt discharge pipe; 10-three-way valve; 11-an auxiliary agent conveying pipe; 12-an auxiliary agent pump; 13-an auxiliary agent feeding pipe; 14-a manhole; 15-transfer tank; 16-a flow meter; 17-a radar level gauge; 101-stirring motor, 102-coupling I, 103-speed changer, 104-coupling II, 105-stirring shaft and 106-shaft end seal; 18-stirring blades; 19-a temperature sensor; 20-a spray pipe; 21-a nozzle; 22-a feed inlet; 23-a discharge hole; 24-inert gas tube; 25-inert gas storage tank; 26-an air cooler; 27-viscometer; 28-a weighing module; 29-gas storage tank; 30-a flue gas degradation pipe; 31-a fan; 32-flue gas pipeline; 33-waste gas adsorption tank, 34-oxygen detector, 35-tail gas pipe, 36-one-way valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for producing rubber asphalt based on microwave heating according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described. A method for producing rubber asphalt based on microwave heating comprises the following steps:
s100: the rubber powder is heated by microwave under the negative pressure state, and is subjected to three stages of rubber powder preheating and drying, rubber powder desulfurization and rubber powder heating;
preheating and drying the rubber powder to 100 +/-10 ℃, and preserving heat until the rubber powder is dried;
then heating to 150 +/-10 ℃, and preserving heat until the rubber powder is completely desulfurized;
continuously heating to 180 +/-10 ℃ to reach the swelling temperature of the rubber asphalt;
the rubber powder is stabilized in temperature in the heat preservation period by inputting and cooling inert gas;
s200: mixing the rubber powder after desulfurization and activation with an auxiliary agent and matrix asphalt, and performing swelling reaction to obtain rubber asphalt;
s300: and (5) performing microwave radiation on the rubber asphalt obtained in the step (S200) to obtain vulcanization treatment.
As shown in figure 1, the rubber asphalt production equipment used by the invention comprises a microwave heating device and a swelling tank 1, wherein the microwave heating device comprises a microwave resonant cavity 2 for containing rubber powder, the microwave resonant cavity 2 is connected with a waveguide tube 3 and is used for performing microwave radiation on the rubber powder in the microwave resonant cavity 2 and performing desulfurization activation and heating on the rubber powder, the desulfurization is a non-thermal effect of microwave, and the heating is a thermal effect of microwave; the waveguide tube 3 is communicated with the inert gas tube 24 and is used for inputting inert gas into the microwave resonant cavity 2 to provide an oxygen-free environment for rubber powder desulfurization, so that the rubber powder can be activated more conveniently, and spontaneous combustion caused by uneven heating of the rubber powder in the microwave activation process can be avoided; the microwave resonant cavity 2 is also provided with a rubber powder stirring mechanism for stirring rubber powder to ensure that the rubber powder is heated uniformly and fully for desulfurization; the discharge port of the microwave resonant cavity 2 is connected with the feed port of the swelling tank 1, and the rubber powder desulfurized and activated by the microwave resonant cavity 2 enters the swelling tank 1 to be mixed with the matrix asphalt and the auxiliary agent to form the rubber asphalt; the rubber asphalt in the swelling tank 1 is conveyed to a vulcanizing pipe 4 through a pumping system, the vulcanizing pipe 4 penetrates through the microwave resonant cavity 2, and the rubber asphalt in the vulcanizing pipe is heated and vulcanized by microwave radiation.
Compared with the prior art, the method for producing the rubber asphalt based on microwave heating can simplify production equipment and process, realize heating desulfurization of rubber powder by using the microwave resonant cavity, realize heated vulcanization of the rubber asphalt, reduce equipment investment and further reduce production cost; meanwhile, the production efficiency and the quality of the rubber asphalt can be improved; inert gas is introduced into the microwave resonant cavity in the process of heating the rubber powder, and the desulfurization effect and the safety coefficient of the rubber powder are improved by using the inert gas.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the rubber powder stirring mechanism is disposed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the microwave resonant cavity 2, the waveguide 3 is disposed at the top of the microwave resonant cavity 2, and inert gas is input while microwaves are radiated into the microwave resonant cavity 2 through the waveguide 3; and the top of the microwave resonant cavity 2 is provided with an exhaust port 5 connected with an air extractor, and the exhaust port is used for enabling the interior of the microwave resonant cavity 2 to be in a negative pressure state. The number of the wave guides 3 is designed to be a plurality according to actual needs, and the plurality of wave guides are simultaneously filled with inert gas. Through the interaction of the air charging device and the air exhaust device, negative pressure generated in the microwave resonant cavity can inhibit the rubber powder from raising dust in the activation process, pollute the microwave waveguide tube and prevent the equipment from being damaged by ignition.
Further optimizing the scheme, in the production process, inert gas is input into the microwave resonant cavity at the flow rate of 320L/min, and simultaneously the air exhaust device exhausts at the speed of 2000L/min. Through the controller coordination air exhaust device and inert gas aerating device, the two interact makes microwave cavity produce the negative pressure and can restrain the rubber powder raise dust in the activation process, avoids the raise dust to get into the waveguide pipe, when preventing to pollute the waveguide pipe, also can avoid striking sparks to damage the waveguide pipe.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the vulcanizing tube 4 horizontally penetrates through the top of the inner cavity of the microwave resonant cavity 2, and the helical blade 6 is arranged in the vulcanizing tube 4, so that the rubber asphalt is always in a stirring state in the conveying process, and the rubber asphalt is fully heated and vulcanized, thereby improving the vulcanizing effect; the pumping system comprises an asphalt conveying pipe 7 and an asphalt pump 8, wherein two ends of the asphalt conveying pipe 7 are respectively connected with the inlet end of the vulcanizing pipe 4 and the swelling tank 1, and the asphalt pump 8 is arranged on the asphalt conveying pipe 7; the outlet end of the vulcanizing pipe 4 is connected with an asphalt discharging pipe 9. Wherein, the number of the vulcanizing pipes can be set according to actual needs.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the inlet end of the vulcanization pipe 4 is respectively connected with an asphalt conveying pipe 7 and an auxiliary conveying pipe 11 through a three-way valve 10, and the auxiliary conveying pipe 11 is connected with the outlet of an auxiliary pump 12; the outlet end of the vulcanization pipe 4 is respectively connected with an auxiliary agent feeding pipe 13 and an asphalt discharging pipe 14 through a three-way valve 10, and the auxiliary agent feeding pipe 13 is connected with the swelling tank 1. Wherein, pitch discharging pipe 14 links to each other with turnover tank 15, and usable turnover tank is stored the rubber asphalt finished product of production temporarily, makes things convenient for the later stage to transport. In addition, in order to measure accurately, weighing modules can be arranged at the bottoms of the swelling tank and the transferring tank, and the weight of the rubber asphalt can be measured on line.
Since the production equipment can be used for circular production and is not preset to be used for the first time, the residual rubber asphalt in the previous production batch can exist in the vulcanizing pipe 4, and the continuous production is not started at the moment, namely, the rubber asphalt without complete swelling continuously passes through the vulcanizing pipe 4. In order to prevent the residual rubber asphalt in the vulcanizing pipe 4 from aging and spontaneous combustion under the action of microwaves, the three-way valves 10 at two ends of the vulcanizing pipe 4 are respectively communicated with the auxiliary agent conveying pipe 11 and the auxiliary agent feeding pipe 13 while the microwaves preheat, dry, desulfurize and heat the rubber powder. When the microwave generator is started, the auxiliary agent pump 12 is started, auxiliary agents are continuously injected into the vulcanizing pipe 4, the vulcanizing pipe 4 is cooled while residual rubber asphalt in the vulcanizing pipe 4 is taken away, and simultaneously the preheated auxiliary agents flow into the swelling tank 1, so that the residual asphalt can be prevented from aging, and the auxiliary agents can be heated, thereby achieving two purposes.
In order to ensure that the rubber powder is fully desulfurized and activated and the rubber asphalt is uniformly vulcanized, the waveguide tube 3 is connected with a microwave generator (not shown in the figure), and the microwave generator, the asphalt pump 8 and the auxiliary agent pump 12 are all connected with a controller; the rotation speed of the asphalt pump 8 is matched with the power of the microwave generator through the controller, and therefore the production energy consumption is reduced. In addition, the inert gas pipe 24 is communicated with the waveguide 3, the inert gas pipe 24 is connected with an inert gas storage tank 25 through a gas filling device, a refrigerating machine 26 is arranged on the inert gas pipe 24, and the refrigerating machine can select an air cooler to cool the inert gas. When the rubber powder reaches the heat preservation temperature, heat brought by microwaves is balanced by introducing cooling inert gas, the microwave is guaranteed to realize power reduction without stopping, and better desulfurization and continuous vulcanization of rubber asphalt are realized.
After rubber powder is injected into the microwave resonant cavity 2, the microwave generator is started, the controller simultaneously starts the auxiliary agent pump 12, the auxiliary agent is input into the vulcanizing tube 4 through the auxiliary agent pump 12, and the vulcanizing tube is cooled while the auxiliary agent is preheated; stopping the assistant pump 12 after the addition of the assistant is finished, starting the asphalt pump 8 after the swelling of the rubber asphalt in the swelling tank 1 is finished, and allowing the rubber asphalt to be radiated by microwaves while flowing through the vulcanizing pipe 4; the rubber powder is sequentially subjected to three stages by microwave radiation: preheating, heat preservation, desulfuration, heat preservation, heating and heat preservation. In the preheating stage, the rubber powder is heated to 100 +/-10 ℃, and then the temperature is preserved for a period of time to fully preheat the rubber powder; in the desulfurization stage, the rubber powder is continuously heated to 150 +/-10 ℃, and then the temperature is kept for a period of time, so that the rubber powder is fully desulfurized and activated; and finally, in the heating stage, the rubber powder is continuously heated to the swelling temperature, and the heat is preserved for a period of time to ensure that the rubber powder completely reaches the temperature required by swelling. Wherein, the heating temperature and the heat preservation time of each stage can be adjusted according to the actual conditions.
When the rubber powder is in the heating process of preheating, desulfurizing and heating, the microwave generator runs at high power, the asphalt in the vulcanizing pipe flows at high flow rate corresponding to the high-speed running of the asphalt pump, and the high-power microwave is utilized to realize the vulcanization of the rubber asphalt in the vulcanizing pipe; in the heat preservation process of each stage of the rubber powder, the microwave generator runs at low power, the asphalt in the vulcanizing pipe flows through at a small flow rate corresponding to the low-speed running of the asphalt pump, and the rubber asphalt in the vulcanizing pipe is vulcanized. By adopting the mode, the requirements of rubber powder heating desulfurization and rubber asphalt vulcanization are met, and simultaneously, the energy consumption of the microwave generator can be reduced.
Further optimizing the scheme, flow meters 16 are arranged on the auxiliary agent feeding pipe 13 and the asphalt conveying pipe 7; still be equipped with the viscometer 27 on the auxiliary agent inlet pipe 13, can observe more directly perceivedly whether the rubber asphalt in the vulcanite tube has been washed out with the help of the viscometer. The flow of the rubber asphalt and the flow of the auxiliary agent are observed more visually through the flow meter, and the rotating speed of the auxiliary agent pump or the asphalt pump is controlled through the flow meter. When the power of the microwave generator is high, the material flow passing through the vulcanizing pipe needs to be increased, and after the flowmeter obtains a feedback signal of the microwave generator, the controller sends an instruction to increase the flow by adjusting the rotating speed of a motor of the auxiliary agent pump or the asphalt pump; when the power of the microwave generator is low, the material flow passing through the vulcanizing pipe needs to be adjusted to be low, the flow meter obtains a feedback signal of the microwave generator, the controller sends an instruction, and the flow is adjusted to be low by adjusting the rotating speed of the motor of the auxiliary agent pump or the asphalt pump, so that different powers of the microwave generator in rubber powder preheating, drying, desulfuration and heating can be matched. In addition, the viscometer 27 has a feedback function, when the residual rubber powder asphalt in the vulcanizing pipe is not completely removed, the flow of the auxiliary agent is large, the matching with the microwave power is not considered, and when the viscometer displays that the residual rubber powder asphalt is completely cleaned, the controller starts to start the auxiliary agent flow meter, so that the flow of the auxiliary agent starts to be matched with the microwave.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, a polytetrafluoroethylene coating with the thickness of 4mm is sprayed on the inner wall of the microwave resonant cavity 2, zero clearance between the stirring blade and the inner wall of the microwave resonant cavity can be realized by utilizing the wear resistance and lubricity of polytetrafluoroethylene, and the stirring blade can scrape the wall in the rotating process, so that no dead angle is caused during stirring. Similarly, the material that vulcanizes pipe 4 is in microwave cavity inside selects for use polytetrafluoroethylene, with the help of polytetrafluoroethylene's permeable microwave performance, can guarantee that the microwave radiates its inside rubber asphalt, realizes rubber asphalt incessantly stirring in transportation process with the help of inside helical blade simultaneously, ensures that rubber asphalt fully vulcanizes. The vulcanization pipe is arranged outside the microwave resonant cavity and made of stainless steel, and the inner part and the outer part of the vulcanization pipe are connected through threads, so that microwave leakage is prevented. In addition, the stirring blades are helical blades, and the helical blades are provided with the lifting plates at intervals, so that the rubber powder can be ensured to be in a turbulent stirring state.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, a radar level gauge 17 is disposed at the top of the inner cavity of the microwave resonant cavity 2 for measuring the rubber powder level and controlling the rubber powder to be submerged in the stirring blade 18 of the rubber powder stirring mechanism. The radar level indicator 17 is arranged at a certain height (5 cm can be designed and the height can be adjusted according to actual conditions) above the stirring blade, when the rubber powder amount is 5cm higher than the stirring blade, the radar level indicator reacts, and the rubber powder feed inlet 22 and a motor of the rubber powder feeding device are closed through controller interlocking. The rubber powder amount can be controlled by changing the height of the radar level gauge, but the rubber powder level is ensured to be higher than the stirring blade to avoid the phenomenon of sparking, so that the rubber powder quality is accurately controlled.
During the specific design, two radar charge level indicators 17 and two exhaust ports 5 are installed at the top of the microwave resonant cavity, and the two radar charge level indicators 17, the two exhaust ports 5 and the 4 waveguide tubes 3 are all arranged on the top cover of the microwave resonant cavity 2 in a staggered mode. Of course, the number can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the rubber powder stirring mechanism includes a stirring blade 18 and a driving component, the stirring blade 18 is horizontally disposed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the microwave resonant cavity 2, and the driving component is disposed outside the microwave resonant cavity 2 and is configured to drive the stirring blade 18 to rotate; a plurality of temperature sensors 19 are arranged on the stirring blade 18 at intervals. Wherein, temperature sensor chooses PT100 temperature sensor for use, and a plurality of temperature sensor can carry out real-time temperature measurement to the rubber powder.
As shown in fig. 2, the driving component includes a stirring motor 101, a first coupler 102, a transmission 103, a second coupler 104, a stirring shaft 105 and a shaft end seal 106, an output shaft of the stirring motor is connected with an input end of the transmission through the first coupler, an output end of the transmission is connected with the stirring shaft through the second coupler, and the stirring shaft is hermetically connected with a side wall of the microwave resonant cavity through the shaft end seal. Wherein, the first coupler is a cross slide block coupler, and the second coupler is a clamp coupler; the shaft end seal comprises a labyrinth seal and a packing seal to prevent microwave leakage, wherein the labyrinth seal mainly prevents rubber powder from directly entering the packing seal, and a filler of the packing seal is a graphite packing which can absorb the leaked microwave. In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the number of the stirring shafts and the stirring blades of the driving part can be more than two, and the specific number can be adjusted according to the actual situation. Here, the drive part is of conventional design and will not be described in detail here.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the microwave resonant cavity 2 is further provided with a spraying assembly, the spraying assembly includes a spraying pipe 20 and a plurality of nozzles 21, the plurality of nozzles 21 are arranged on the spraying pipe 20 at intervals, the spraying pipe 20 is horizontally arranged on the top of the microwave resonant cavity 2, and the plurality of nozzles spray the microwave resonant cavity for cooling. Wherein, the two spray pipes are communicated with the cooling water pipe and are arranged at two sides of the top of the microwave resonant cavity in parallel; the spray pipe and the nozzle are made of polytetrafluoroethylene materials. When equipment stops production work, start spraying assembly and cool down equipment, can prevent that the conflagration accident from taking place, further improve production factor of safety.
Further optimizing the above scheme, as shown in fig. 1, the asphalt flue gas treatment device further comprises a gas storage tank 29 for storing asphalt flue gas and a flue gas degradation pipe 30 communicated with the microwave resonant cavity 2, wherein the flue gas degradation pipe 30 is connected with the gas storage tank 29 and a flue gas adsorption tank 33 through a flue gas pipeline 32 with a fan 31, a valve and a flowmeter for adjusting the flow rate of flue gas are arranged on the flue gas pipeline 32, the microwave power is coordinated to be matched with the temperature of the flue gas degradation pipe in the microwave resonant cavity, and the asphalt flue gas is subjected to degradation by the flue gas degradation pipe 30 in the microwave resonant cavity 2 and then is treated by the flue gas adsorption tank 33 to reach the standard and then is discharged. Wherein, the flue gas degradation pipe is the carborundum pipe that has the carborundum material spiral in it, and carborundum rapid heating up is to about 850 degrees under the microwave action, and the pitch flue gas passes through the flue gas pipeline and gets into the carborundum pipe, can burn the degradation under high temperature. The number of the smoke degradation pipes is selected according to the requirement. The microwave power is matched with the temperature of the silicon carbide tube through a valve and a flowmeter, and the flue gas flow and the silicon carbide temperature are coordinated. During specific design, exhaust pipes of the swelling tank 1 and the transferring tank 15 are connected with the gas storage tank 29, and the flue gas degradation process is as follows:
the asphalt flue gas enters the gas storage tank 29, then flows into the silicon carbide pipe in the microwave resonant cavity 2 under the suction of the fan 31 for degradation, and finally is purified by the waste gas adsorption tank 33, so that the standard emission is realized.
The technical scheme is further optimized, an oxygen detector 34 is installed on the side wall of the microwave resonant cavity 2, the bottom of the waste gas adsorption box 33 is communicated with the bottom of the microwave resonant cavity 2 through a fan and a tail gas pipe 35, a one-way valve 36 is arranged at the joint of the microwave resonant cavity 2 and the tail gas pipe 35, when the oxygen content in the microwave resonant cavity 2 is higher than 5%, only inert gas is filled, when the oxygen content is lower than 5%, the input quantity of the inert gas is reduced, tail gas treated by the microwave and waste gas adsorption box 33 is filled from the bottom of the microwave resonant cavity 2 through the fan, the rubber powder stirring effect can be achieved, the anaerobic environment in the microwave resonant cavity 2 can be maintained by utilizing the tail gas, and the consumption of the inert gas is reduced; meanwhile, the waste heat of the tail gas can be used for heating the rubber powder.
The invention can realize the circular production of the rubber asphalt, and is not used for the first time. The specific process flow is as follows:
1. preparing for ventilation and exhaust: before production starts each time, an air extractor connected with the air exhaust port 5 is opened, inert gas production equipment is opened, air is supplied into the microwave resonant cavity 2 and exhausted outwards, air in the microwave resonant cavity flows, the microwave resonant cavity 2 is kept in a negative pressure state, and raised dust generated in the rubber powder feeding process is prevented from entering the waveguide tube 3 to cause ignition and damage to the waveguide tube.
2. Rubber powder feeding: the rubber powder feeding device is started, and the stirring motor 101 is started at the same time, so that the rubber powder is uniformly paved in the microwave resonant cavity 2. Set up the height of radar charge level indicator 17 to apart from stirring vane 5cm department, when the rubber powder was higher than stirring vane 5cm, the radar charge level indicator reaction was closed rubber powder feed inlet and loading attachment motor through the controller interlocking.
3. Rubber powder heating: after the rubber powder is fed, the microwave generator is started to heat the rubber powder in the microwave resonant cavity 2, and the heating process is divided into three stages of preheating, drying, desulfurizing and heating.
Firstly, the microwave generator runs at high power, the microwave generator automatically adjusts the power to low power after the rubber powder is heated to about 100 ℃, and the rubber powder is insulated to ensure thorough preheating and drying of the rubber powder. Then the microwave generator automatically raises the power, and after the rubber powder is continuously heated to 150 ℃, the microwave generator automatically adjusts to low power again to preserve the heat of the rubber powder, and the temperature is favorable for the desulfurization of the rubber powder and can ensure the thorough desulfurization of the rubber powder. And finally, the microwave generator is operated at high power to heat the rubber powder to 180 ℃ to reach the swelling temperature of the rubber asphalt, and then the rubber asphalt can be prepared for discharging. In the heat preservation process of each stage, the air cooler can cool the inert gas, so that when the rubber powder reaches the heat preservation temperature, the heat brought by the microwaves is balanced by introducing the cooling gas, the microwave is guaranteed to realize power reduction without stopping, and the better desulfurization of the rubber powder and the continuous vulcanization of the rubber asphalt are realized. The heat preservation temperature and the heat preservation time of each stage can be changed according to different process requirements.
4. And (3) adding auxiliary agents and matrix asphalt in the swelling tank: while preheating, drying, desulfurizing and heating the rubber powder by microwave, starting an auxiliary agent pump 12 and an asphalt pump 8 in sequence to respectively inject an auxiliary agent and matrix asphalt into the swelling tank 1, inputting the auxiliary agent into the vulcanizing pipe 4 through the auxiliary agent pump 12, discharging the residual rubber asphalt of the previous batch by using the auxiliary agent, and simultaneously preheating the auxiliary agent in the vulcanizing pipe 4 by microwave; when the auxiliary agent is added, the matrix asphalt is also input into the swelling tank 1 through an asphalt delivery pump; and heating and preserving the temperature of the matrix asphalt in the swelling tank 1 to 180 ℃.
5. Rubber powder discharging: when the rubber powder in the microwave resonant cavity 2 is heated to 180 ℃, the microwave generator is closed, a valve at a discharge port 23 at the bottom of the microwave resonant cavity is opened, and the rubber powder is leaked into the swelling tank 2; and opening the swelling tank 2 for stirring to fully mix the rubber powder, the matrix asphalt and the auxiliary agent for swelling reaction.
6. Discharging and vulcanizing rubber asphalt: after the discharging of the rubber powder in the microwave resonant cavity 2 is finished, the microwave resonant cavity 2 is charged again, and the microwave generator is started; at the moment, the swelling reaction of the rubber powder and the asphalt reaches a certain degree, a valve at the bottom of the swelling tank 1 and an asphalt pump 8 are started, and the discharging is started. And the asphalt pump 8 pumps the swelled rubber asphalt into the vulcanizing pipe 4 at the upper part of the microwave resonant cavity 2 for microwave vulcanization, and the flow of the rubber asphalt is adjusted by the flow meter 16 on the asphalt conveying pipe 7 so as to be matched with the power of the microwave generator. The vulcanized rubber asphalt is put into a transfer tank 15 for subsequent treatment.
7. And (3) circulating production: and after the rubber asphalt in the swelling tank 1 is discharged, closing a discharge valve at the bottom of the swelling tank 1 and the asphalt pump 8, simultaneously injecting matrix asphalt into the swelling tank, repeating the production process, and realizing an efficient continuous production mode.
8. Flue gas purification: the asphalt flue gas enters a gas storage tank for storage, is pumped by a fan and enters a silicon carbide pipe, the silicon carbide pipe penetrates through a microwave resonant cavity, the asphalt flue gas is degraded at high temperature under microwave radiation, and is purified by a waste gas adsorption tank and then discharged; meanwhile, an oxygen detector is used for detecting the oxygen concentration in the microwave resonant cavity 2 on line, and when the oxygen content in the microwave resonant cavity 2 is too high (higher than 5 percent), only inert gas is filled to ensure the safe operation of the microwave resonant cavity; when the oxygen content is lower than 5%, reducing the input amount of inert gas, and filling tail gas treated by the microwave and waste gas adsorption box 33 from the bottom of the microwave resonant cavity 2 through a tail gas pipe of a fan, so that the tail gas can play a role in stirring rubber powder, and can be used for maintaining an oxygen-free environment in the microwave resonant cavity 2 and reducing the consumption amount of the inert gas; meanwhile, the waste heat of the tail gas can be used for heating the rubber powder.
9. After production is finished, the air exhaust device at the top of the microwave resonant cavity 2 is closed, inert gas is continuously injected, and meanwhile, the spraying assembly is started to cool the microwave resonant cavity, so that safe production is guaranteed.
Compared with the performance indexes of desulfurized rubber powder which is not applied with inert gas in the prior art, the production equipment provided by the invention is used for desulfurizing rubber powder in an inert gas environment, and the comparative data of all relevant indexes are shown in the following table:
in addition, the rubber asphalt prepared by the production equipment provided by the invention is obviously superior to the rubber asphalt prepared by the traditional production equipment, and the comparative data of all relevant indexes are shown in the following table:
in conclusion, the microwave resonant cavity has the advantages of compact structure and high production efficiency, the desulfurization effect of rubber powder and the vulcanization effect of rubber asphalt can be improved by utilizing the microwave resonant cavity, and the production quality of the rubber asphalt is improved; the invention can realize continuous production, and reduce equipment investment and production cost; the safety factor in the production process can be ensured by injecting inert gas into the microwave resonant cavity; meanwhile, the power of the microwave generator is matched with the flow of the auxiliary agent pump and the asphalt pump, so that the full desulfurization of rubber powder, the preheating of the auxiliary agent and the heating and vulcanization of rubber asphalt can be synchronously carried out, and the energy consumption of equipment is also saved on the premise of ensuring the production quality.
In the description above, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and thus the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed above.
Claims (7)
1. A method for producing rubber asphalt based on microwave heating is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s100: the rubber powder is heated by microwave under the negative pressure state, and is subjected to three stages of rubber powder preheating and drying, rubber powder desulfurization and rubber powder heating;
preheating and drying the rubber powder to 100 +/-10 ℃, and preserving heat until the rubber powder is dried;
then heating to 150 +/-10 ℃, and preserving heat until the rubber powder is completely desulfurized;
continuously heating to 180 +/-10 ℃ to reach the swelling temperature of the rubber asphalt;
the rubber powder is stabilized in temperature in the heat preservation period by inputting and cooling inert gas;
the rubber powder is subjected to microwave heating in a microwave resonant cavity, the microwave resonant cavity is connected with a waveguide tube connected with a microwave generator, and the rubber powder is subjected to desulfurization, activation and heating; the microwave resonant cavity is also provided with a rubber powder stirring mechanism; the inner wall of the microwave resonant cavity is sprayed with a polytetrafluoroethylene coating;
s200: mixing the rubber powder subjected to desulfurization and activation with an auxiliary agent and matrix asphalt, and performing swelling reaction to obtain rubber asphalt; the rubber powder undergoes swelling reaction in a swelling tank to obtain rubber asphalt;
a discharge port of the microwave resonant cavity is connected with a feed port of the swelling tank, and rubber powder subjected to desulfurization and activation by the microwave resonant cavity enters the swelling tank to be mixed with matrix asphalt and an auxiliary agent to generate rubber asphalt;
s300: performing microwave radiation on the rubber asphalt obtained in the step S200 to obtain vulcanization treatment;
rubber asphalt enters a vulcanizing pipe at the upper part of the microwave resonant cavity through an asphalt pump and an asphalt conveying pipe to be subjected to microwave vulcanization, and the vulcanizing pipe is made of polytetrafluoroethylene; an auxiliary agent feeding pipe connected with the swelling tank is respectively connected with the outlet end of the vulcanizing pipe and the asphalt discharging pipe through a three-way valve, and a viscometer and a flowmeter are arranged on the auxiliary agent feeding pipe; the inlet end of the vulcanizing pipe is respectively connected with the asphalt conveying pipe and the auxiliary conveying pipe through a three-way valve, and the auxiliary conveying pipe is connected with an outlet of the auxiliary pump.
2. The method for producing rubber asphalt based on microwave heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the microwave resonant cavity is connected with the inert gas pipe and used for inputting inert gas into the microwave resonant cavity, and meanwhile, the microwave resonant cavity is connected with the air extracting device so that the microwave resonant cavity is kept in a negative pressure state; a refrigerator is arranged on the inert gas pipe.
3. The method for producing rubber asphalt based on microwave heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the asphalt conveying pipe is provided with a flowmeter, the microwave generator, the asphalt pump and the auxiliary agent pump are all connected with the controller, the rotating speed of the asphalt pump is matched with the power of the microwave generator through the controller, and meanwhile, the flowmeter is adjusted to enable the flow rate of the rubber asphalt in the vulcanizing pipe to be matched with the power of the microwave generator.
4. The method for producing rubber asphalt based on microwave heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: asphalt smoke volatilized in the process of preparing the rubber asphalt enters an air storage tank for storage, is pumped by a fan and enters a smoke degradation pipe penetrating through a microwave resonant cavity through a smoke pipeline, the asphalt smoke flowing through the smoke degradation pipe is degraded at high temperature under microwave radiation, and is purified by a waste gas adsorption box and then discharged.
5. The method for producing rubber asphalt based on microwave heating according to claim 4, characterized in that: an oxygen detector is arranged on the side wall of the microwave resonant cavity and used for detecting the oxygen concentration in the microwave resonant cavity; the bottom of the waste gas adsorption box is communicated with the bottom of the microwave resonant cavity through a fan and a tail gas pipe, and a one-way valve is arranged at the joint of the microwave resonant cavity and the tail gas pipe and used for inputting tail gas to maintain an oxygen-free environment in the microwave resonant cavity when the oxygen concentration in the microwave resonant cavity is low.
6. The method for producing rubber asphalt based on microwave heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rubber powder stirring mechanism comprises a stirring blade and a driving part, the stirring blade is horizontally arranged at the bottom of an inner cavity of the microwave resonant cavity, and the driving part is arranged outside the microwave resonant cavity and used for driving the stirring blade to rotate; a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged on the stirring blade at intervals;
and the top of the inner cavity of the microwave resonant cavity is provided with a radar level gauge for measuring the rubber powder level and controlling the rubber powder level to be higher than the stirring blade of the rubber powder stirring mechanism.
7. A process for microwave heating-based rubberized asphalt production according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the microwave resonant cavity is also provided with a spraying assembly, the spraying assembly comprises a spraying pipe and a plurality of nozzles, the nozzles are arranged on the spraying pipe at intervals, the spraying pipe is horizontally arranged at the top of the microwave resonant cavity, and the spraying pipe is used for spraying and cooling the microwave resonant cavity through the nozzles; the spray pipe and the nozzle in the microwave resonant cavity are made of polytetrafluoroethylene materials.
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| CN111909529A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-11-10 | 北京克林泰尔环保科技有限公司 | Desulfurized waste tire rubber powder crosslinked modified asphalt and preparation method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20220819 Address after: 050000 No.52, Xinshi North Road, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province Patentee after: Hebei Communications Investment Group Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Hengshui Hengfeng Yick Road Asphalt Science & Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 053411 east of Tuan Village, qingliangdian Town, Wuyi County, Hengshui City, Hebei Province Patentee before: Hengshui Hengfeng Yick Road Asphalt Science & Technology Co.,Ltd. |