CN113210807A - Method for improving wettability of magnesium alloy in electric arc additive manufacturing - Google Patents
Method for improving wettability of magnesium alloy in electric arc additive manufacturing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113210807A CN113210807A CN202010054528.2A CN202010054528A CN113210807A CN 113210807 A CN113210807 A CN 113210807A CN 202010054528 A CN202010054528 A CN 202010054528A CN 113210807 A CN113210807 A CN 113210807A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- additive manufacturing
- cmt
- magnesium alloy
- welding torch
- central line
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/08—Cleaning involving contact with liquid the liquid having chemical or dissolving effect
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
- B23K9/133—Means for feeding electrodes, e.g. drums, rolls, motors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/24—Features related to electrodes
- B23K9/28—Supporting devices for electrodes
- B23K9/287—Supporting devices for electrode holders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving wettability of magnesium alloy electric arc additive manufacturing, which takes cold metal transition welding as welding equipment, uses a cold metal transition welding torch to provide a heat source for the additive manufacturing process, the welding torch is vertical to the surface of a workpiece, and the external swinging mode adopts triangular swinging. The magnesium alloy prepared by the CMT welding process with the swing method has a single-layer multi-channel structure, good forming and flat surface, thoroughly solves the problem of unfused root, and greatly improves the wettability of the magnesium alloy in the CMT additive manufacturing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a welding method for adding swing to a CMT welding process, which improves the wettability of single-layer multi-channel additive manufacturing of a magnesium alloy CMT arc and relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing of magnesium alloys.
Background
The magnesium alloy is taken as the lightest commercial metal structure material at present, has the advantages of low density, high specific strength and specific stiffness, good damping and vibration damping performance, easy processing and forming, renewable utilization and the like, is considered to be one of lightweight materials with the greatest development prospect, and has been widely applied to the fields of automobiles, 3C, aerospace, national defense and military industry and the like.
The magnesium alloy has a crystal structure of hexagonal close packing, has poor plastic processing performance at normal temperature, and has good liquid formability. At present, the magnesium alloy in engineering application mainly takes die castings as a main part (accounting for more than 90 percent), and the quality and yield stability of the magnesium alloy die castings are poor, and the rejection rate is high, so that the price of a magnesium alloy product is high, and the popularization and application of the magnesium alloy product and the development of a new product are restricted.
The electric arc additive manufacturing technology can process a shape structure which is difficult to realize by the traditional technology, and meanwhile, the technology can prepare a high-density formed part, so that the casting defect caused by the traditional casting technology is overcome to a certain extent, a feasible way is provided for the development of the magnesium alloy manufacturing technology, and the magnesium alloy manufacturing technology can enter the field of high-performance structures.
The Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) welding technology is a welding process developed by the Fronius company, and has the characteristics of high deposition rate, low heat input, accurate arc length control and no splashing. The CMT welding technology mainly adopts external mechanical back-drawing force to promote short circuit transition of molten drops, improves the waveforms of voltage and current, ensures that the current is almost zero during short circuit transition, and greatly limits welding heat input. Aiming at a series of weldability problems of coarse grains, oxidation evaporation, thermal cracks, thermal stress and the like in the welding process of the magnesium alloy, the control of heat input in the welding process is particularly critical. Lower CMT, more precise heat input control helps to suppress the above-mentioned problems of magnesium alloys during welding, and mechanical withdrawal control of the wire also helps to form a stable, splash-free welding process. Therefore, the CMT technology has good application prospect in the aspect of magnesium alloy arc additive manufacturing.
Because the CMT welding heat input is low, the magnesium alloy has large heat dissipation coefficient, and the wettability is poor in additive manufacturing, the existing research on magnesium alloy electric arc additive manufacturing only stays on the research of multilayer single-channel single-wall walls, and the development and popularization of multilayer multi-channel additive manufacturing of the magnesium alloy are limited to a great extent. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the excellent tissue structure and mechanical property of the magnesium alloy additive manufacturing component, the wettability of the magnesium alloy additive manufacturing is improved, and the method has important significance for the research and development of the magnesium alloy arc additive manufacturing technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for improving wettability of magnesium alloy in electric arc additive manufacturing, namely an application of a method for adding swing to a CMT welding process in improving wettability of magnesium alloy additive construction.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for improving wettability of magnesium alloy electric arc additive manufacturing includes providing a heat source for additive manufacturing process by using cold metal transition welding torch, enabling the welding torch to be vertical to surface of workpiece, enabling a CMT welding torch to carry out outward swinging by taking central line of additive manufacturing of a layer as a symmetry axis from an initial position in each layer of additive manufacturing, enabling the CMT welding torch to run to an amplitude vertex at a certain angle deviated from the central line of additive manufacturing, then running to the position of the central line of additive manufacturing to form an isosceles triangle of CMT running track, then carrying out outward swinging in opposite directions at the same angle, then running to the position of the central line of additive manufacturing after the CMT welding torch runs to the position of the central line of additive manufacturing to form an isosceles triangle of CMT running track again, and repeating the steps to reach an end position of additive manufacturing of the layer of additive manufacturing to finish the layer of additive manufacturing.
Furthermore, the certain angle from the additive manufacturing centre line is 30-60 degrees, preferably 45 degrees.
And the dry elongation of the welding gun is 10-18mm, preferably 12-15 mm, the wire feeding speed is 8-14m/min, preferably 10-13m/min, the welding gun walking speed is 10-90cm/min, preferably 30-70cm/min, the shielding gas of the cold metal transition welding gun adopts one of nitrogen, helium and argon, and the airflow of the shielding gas of the cold metal transition welding gun adopts 12-25L/min, preferably 15-20L/min.
Moreover, triangular swing is adopted when outward swinging is carried out, the frequency is 1-5Hz, and the amplitude is 1-15mm, preferably 6-8 mm; the residence time of the CMT at the peak position of the amplitude is 0.1 to 0.5s, preferably 0.2 to 0.3 s; the residence time of the CMT at the intersection of the running track and the additive manufacturing centerline is 0.1-0.5 s, preferably 0.2-0.3 s.
The magnesium alloy prepared by the CMT welding process with the swing method has a single-layer multi-channel structure, good forming and flat surface, thoroughly solves the problem of unfused root, and greatly improves the wettability of the magnesium alloy in the CMT additive manufacturing.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a photograph of a linear single-layer multi-pass additive manufacturing formed member of a CMT flat plate made of a magnesium alloy material in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional photograph of a linear single-layer multi-pass additive manufacturing formed member of a CMT flat plate made of a magnesium alloy material in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a photograph of a magnesium alloy material CMT plus a swinging arc single-layer multi-pass additive manufacturing formed component in the invention.
FIG. 4 is a photograph of a cross section of a magnesium alloy material CMT plus a swing arc single layer multi-pass additive manufacturing formed component in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view (1) of additive manufacturing of a magnesium alloy material CMT with an applied swinging arc in the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view (2) of additive manufacturing of a magnesium alloy material CMT with an applied swinging arc in the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
The experimental base material is magnesium alloy AZ91D, the specification of a test piece is 250 multiplied by 150 multiplied by 6mm, and a welding wire which is made of magnesium alloy AZ91D and has the diameter of 1.2mm is selected. A single-layer multi-channel additive manufacturing test is carried out on the magnesium alloy with the thickness of 6mm by adopting a direct current CMT process. And obtaining an ideal single-layer multi-channel additive manufacturing layer by respectively changing the CMT process parameters, the advancing speed and the swinging parameters. The experimental equipment selected the CMT welder as the CMT Advanced 4000 type welder from the Fonce corporation.
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
1) preparation before welding
Before surfacing, removing an oxide film on a magnesium plate by using a steel wire brush until the metallic luster is exposed, cleaning oil stains and dirt on the surface of a welding position within the range of about 30-40mm by using alcohol, and welding within 2 hours after removing the oxide film so as to avoid generating a new oxide film.
2) Set up the experiment platform
As shown in fig. 5, a fixture is used on a worktable to fix a substrate, the deposition direction of additive manufacturing is vertical to the substrate, additive manufacturing of a first layer is performed from left to right by CMT, after the first layer reaches a right-side cut-off position, additive manufacturing of a next layer is performed from right to left, and after the first layer reaches a left-side cut-off position, additive manufacturing of the next layer is performed from left to right, so that the whole additive manufacturing (i.e., the deposition process) is realized. In this embodiment, only a single layer and multiple passes of additive manufacturing are performed to form a layer of magnesium alloy.
As shown in fig. 6, the schematic view of the triangular swing of the CMT torch, viewed from the CMT torch position downwards (i.e. from the top view) during the additive manufacturing process shown in fig. 5, results in the trajectory shown in fig. 6. Specifically, in fig. 6, the triangular graph is a motion trajectory of the CMT welding gun in the additive manufacturing of one layer, and the horizontal direction is a central line of each layer of additive manufacturing, in each layer of additive manufacturing, the CMT welding gun performs outward swinging by taking the central line of the layer of additive manufacturing as a symmetry axis from a starting position, travels to an amplitude vertex at a certain angle deviated from the central line of additive manufacturing, travels to the position of the central line of additive manufacturing to form an isosceles triangle of a CMT travel trajectory, performs outward swinging in the opposite direction at the same angle, travels to the position of the central line of additive manufacturing after traveling to the amplitude vertex to form an isosceles triangle of a CMT travel trajectory, and repeats to reach an end position of the layer of additive manufacturing to finish the additive manufacturing of the cost layer. In fig. 6, the deviation angle is 45 degrees.
3) And setting welding parameters. Adopting a direct current CMT process, setting the wire feeding speed to be 12m/min, the dry elongation to be 15mm, the welding gun walking speed to be 60cm/min, selecting 99.999 percent pure argon as protective gas and setting the gas flow to be 15L/min. The swing mode of external swing adopts triangular swing, the frequency is 5Hz, the amplitude is 8mm, the residence time of the left side and the right side is 0.2s, the residence time of the middle is 0.2s, and the reciprocating welding method is adopted for the pass arrangement. And (3) performing single-layer multi-channel additive manufacturing by adopting the same CMT parameters, only performing linear walking without outward swinging, namely, performing CMT movement only in the direction of the central line of the additive manufacturing layer to serve as a comparative example.
4) As shown in FIG. 1, the photograph is a linear single-layer multi-pass additive manufacturing forming photograph of a CMT flat plate made of a magnesium alloy material, and the surface is not very flat. FIG. 2 is a cross section of the above-mentioned component, due to the reasons of small CMT heat input and large magnesium alloy thermal conductivity, the wettability of the magnesium alloy weld bead is poor, and the bottom has many problems of non-fusion, thus the development of magnesium alloy additive manufacturing is seriously hindered. FIG. 3 is a single-layer multi-channel additive manufacturing forming diagram of a magnesium alloy material CMT with an external swing arc. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the forming is good, and it can be seen that the surface flatness of the single-layer multi-channel additive manufacturing of magnesium alloy can be improved by adopting the CMT process plus swing method, and FIG. 4 is a cross section of the above-mentioned member, no obvious air holes and cracks are found, and the combination between the channels is good, so that the problem that the root parts between the channels are not fused is thoroughly solved, and the wettability of the CMT additive manufacturing of magnesium alloy is improved to a great extent.
The improvement of the wettability of the magnesium alloy arc additive manufacturing component can be realized by adjusting the process parameters according to the content of the invention. The invention has been described in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood that any simple variations, modifications or other equivalent changes which can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for improving wettability of magnesium alloy electric arc additive manufacturing is characterized in that a cold metal transition welding torch is used for providing a heat source for an additive manufacturing process, the welding torch is kept vertical to the surface of a workpiece, in each layer of additive manufacturing, a CMT welding torch is outwards swung by taking a central line of the layer of additive manufacturing as a symmetry axis from an initial position, the CMT welding torch is moved to an amplitude vertex at a certain angle deviated from the central line of the additive manufacturing, then the CMT welding torch is moved to the position of the central line of the additive manufacturing to form an isosceles triangle of a CMT operation track, then the CMT welding torch is outwards swung in the opposite direction at the same angle, after the CMT welding torch is moved to the amplitude vertex, then the CMT welding torch is moved to the position of the central line of the additive manufacturing to form an isosceles triangle of the CMT operation track, and the steps are repeated to reach an end position of the layer of the additive manufacturing so as to finish the layer of additive manufacturing, wherein: the method is characterized in that triangular swing is adopted during outward swinging, the frequency is 1-5Hz, the amplitude is 1-15mm, the residence time of CMT at the peak position of the amplitude is 0.1-0.5 s, the residence time of CMT at the intersection point position of a running track and an additive manufacturing central line is 0.1-0.5 s, a certain angle deviating from the additive manufacturing central line is 30-60 degrees, the dry elongation of a welding gun is 10-18mm, the wire feeding speed is 8-14m/min, the traveling speed of the welding gun is 10-90cm/min, and the airflow of shielding gas of a cold metal transition welding gun is 12-25L/min.
2. The method for improving wettability of magnesium alloy in electric arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the outward swinging is performed by triangular swinging, the frequency is 1-5Hz, the amplitude is 6-8mm, the residence time of CMT at the peak position of the amplitude is 0.2-0.3 s, and the residence time of CMT at the intersection point position of the running track and the additive manufacturing central line is 0.2-0.3 s.
3. The method for improving wettability of magnesium alloy in electric arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the outward swinging is performed by triangular swinging, and the certain angle deviated from the central line of additive manufacturing is 45 degrees.
4. The method for improving the wettability of the magnesium alloy in the electric arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the outward swinging is performed by triangular swinging, the dry extension of a welding gun is 12-15 mm, the wire feeding speed is 10-13m/min, the walking speed of the welding gun is 30-70cm/min, and the flow of shielding gas of a cold metal transition welding gun is 15-20L/min.
5. The method for improving wettability of magnesium alloy in electric arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein a shielding gas of the cold metal transition welding torch adopts one of nitrogen, helium and argon.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010054528.2A CN113210807A (en) | 2020-01-17 | 2020-01-17 | Method for improving wettability of magnesium alloy in electric arc additive manufacturing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010054528.2A CN113210807A (en) | 2020-01-17 | 2020-01-17 | Method for improving wettability of magnesium alloy in electric arc additive manufacturing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113210807A true CN113210807A (en) | 2021-08-06 |
Family
ID=77084986
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010054528.2A Pending CN113210807A (en) | 2020-01-17 | 2020-01-17 | Method for improving wettability of magnesium alloy in electric arc additive manufacturing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113210807A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114951924A (en) * | 2022-05-28 | 2022-08-30 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Electric arc additive manufacturing method for magnesium alloy cabin with inner flange structure |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090242534A1 (en) * | 2006-04-12 | 2009-10-01 | Josef Artelsmair | Method for Welding a Workpiece |
| CN105171198A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2015-12-23 | 河海大学常州校区 | Mechanical contact type weld joint tracker with self-adaptive swing amplitude |
| CN108067705A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2018-05-25 | 天津大学 | A kind of method of the compound increasing material manufacturing of CMT- ultrasonic impacts |
| CN108067704A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-05-25 | 西安航天发动机厂 | A kind of CMT welding procedures of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steels and 5A06 aluminium alloys |
| CN109530859A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-29 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | A kind of GH4099 high temperature alloy structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing method |
-
2020
- 2020-01-17 CN CN202010054528.2A patent/CN113210807A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090242534A1 (en) * | 2006-04-12 | 2009-10-01 | Josef Artelsmair | Method for Welding a Workpiece |
| CN105171198A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2015-12-23 | 河海大学常州校区 | Mechanical contact type weld joint tracker with self-adaptive swing amplitude |
| CN108067705A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2018-05-25 | 天津大学 | A kind of method of the compound increasing material manufacturing of CMT- ultrasonic impacts |
| CN108067704A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-05-25 | 西安航天发动机厂 | A kind of CMT welding procedures of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steels and 5A06 aluminium alloys |
| CN109530859A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-29 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | A kind of GH4099 high temperature alloy structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 姚巨坤: "镁合金CMT-电弧增材再制造工艺与组织性能研究", 《工具技术》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114951924A (en) * | 2022-05-28 | 2022-08-30 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Electric arc additive manufacturing method for magnesium alloy cabin with inner flange structure |
| CN114951924B (en) * | 2022-05-28 | 2023-08-11 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Arc additive manufacturing method for magnesium alloy cabin with inner flange structure |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Haelsig et al. | New findings on the efficiency of gas shielded arc welding | |
| CN108856974B (en) | Ultrasonic field coupling common molten pool double-wire CMT arc additive forming process method | |
| CN104014934A (en) | Electric-arc-assisted laser welding-brazing method applicable to dissimilar material butt connection | |
| US20220001476A1 (en) | Wire arc additive manufacturing method for high-strength aluminum alloy component, equipment and product | |
| CN104985303B (en) | A kind of InFocus TOPTIG twin arc complex welding methods | |
| CN102581491A (en) | Laser welding method for injection molding of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy | |
| WO2022083013A1 (en) | Swing laser filler wire welding method for large-gap butt joint of aluminum alloy thin plates | |
| Zhou et al. | Metal transfer behavior during CMT-based Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing of Ti-6Al-4V alloy | |
| JP2016537201A5 (en) | ||
| CN110076418A (en) | A kind of tissue crystal fining method carrying out electric arc increasing material manufacturing using alusil alloy | |
| CN111702336A (en) | Laser shock auxiliary arc additive manufacturing method | |
| CN113210807A (en) | Method for improving wettability of magnesium alloy in electric arc additive manufacturing | |
| CN112756789B (en) | Laser-arc composite additive manufacturing method for aluminum-lithium alloy large-scale component | |
| Shukla et al. | Arc behavior in wire arc additive manufacturing process | |
| CN103433630A (en) | Laser-electric arc composite spot welding method for pulsed wire feeding | |
| Han et al. | Forming characteristics of additive manufacturing process by twin electrode gas tungsten arc | |
| CN112139635A (en) | Tungsten electrode adjustable bidirectional filler wire GTAW constrained arc additive manufacturing device and method | |
| Sharma et al. | Processing techniques, microstructural and mechanical properties of wire arc additive manufactured stainless steel: a review | |
| CN113210909A (en) | Method for improving surface performance of magnesium alloy CMT additive manufacturing cladding layer | |
| Goyal et al. | Influence of pulse parameters on characteristics of bead-on-plate weld deposits of aluminum and its alloy in the pulsed gas metal arc welding process | |
| JP2020044541A (en) | Thermal fluid analysis method and molding manufacturing method | |
| CN113210808A (en) | Electric arc additive manufacturing method of magnesium alloy | |
| CN111037051B (en) | Grid cross structure electric arc additive forming method based on thermal mass control | |
| TWI608217B (en) | Process for producing a beam element of a co-ordinate measuring machine, and measuring machine provided with said beam element | |
| CN113792028A (en) | Process database construction method for electric arc additive manufacturing deposition layer |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210806 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |