CN113209774A - VOCs treatment equipment and method - Google Patents
VOCs treatment equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113209774A CN113209774A CN202010450989.1A CN202010450989A CN113209774A CN 113209774 A CN113209774 A CN 113209774A CN 202010450989 A CN202010450989 A CN 202010450989A CN 113209774 A CN113209774 A CN 113209774A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
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- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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- B01D2259/40094—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating by applying microwaves
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of VOCs (volatile organic compounds) treatment and discloses VOCs treatment equipment and a VOCs treatment method. The VOCs treatment device comprises: the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit is provided with a gas inlet to be treated and a VOCs outlet and can adsorb VOCs in the gas to be treated and desorb the adsorbed VOCs; the VOCs recovery unit is provided with a VOCs inlet and a VOCs outlet, the VOCs inlet is communicated with the VOCs outlet of the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit, and the VOCs recovery unit is set to be capable of recovering heavy hydrocarbon components in the VOCs; and VOCs decomposes the unit, and VOCs decomposes the unit and has the VOCs entry, and VOCs entry and VOCs of VOCs decomposition unit export the intercommunication with VOCs recovery unit, and VOCs decomposes the light hydrocarbon component that the unit set up to in can decomposing VOCs. The VOCs treatment equipment can recover the heavy hydrocarbon components in the VOCs and thoroughly decompose the light hydrocarbon components in the VOCs, so that the VOCs in the gas to be treated are thoroughly purified, the emission requirement is met, and the pollution to the atmosphere is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of VOCs (volatile organic compounds) treatment, in particular to VOCs treatment equipment and a VOCs treatment method.
Background
VOCs (volatile organic compounds) are a generic term for a class of organic compounds having a melting point below room temperature and a boiling point below 50-260 ℃. Many VOCs have neurotoxic, hepatotoxic or carcinogenic effects, and are liable to damage blood components of the human body, causing gastrointestinal disorders, diseases of the endocrine system and of the hematopoietic system. Therefore, before the organic waste gas containing the VOCs is discharged, the VOCs in the organic waste gas need to be treated to meet the discharge requirement.
The existing VOCs treatment methods comprise an adsorption method, a membrane separation method, a rotating wheel adsorption method and the like, and the methods use a large amount of adsorbents for high-efficiency concentration and enrich VOCs with various concentrations. Desorption of high concentrations of VOCs is usually followed by liquefaction for recovery. The condensation method and the absorption method are two main liquefaction methods at present, and the high-efficiency recovery of the high-concentration VOCs is realized by continuously reducing the condensation temperature of the condensation method and improving the absorption efficiency of the absorption method. However, it is inevitable that a part of the low-concentration VOCs, which are mainly light hydrocarbon components of the VOCs, re-enters the adsorption unit at the condensation outlet and the absorption outlet. Because the adsorbent cannot effectively recover the light hydrocarbon components, dead circulation between adsorption and condensation or absorption of the light hydrocarbon components is caused, and finally the light hydrocarbon components are still discharged into the atmosphere to cause atmospheric pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides equipment and a method for treating VOCs (volatile organic compounds) so as to realize thorough purification of VOCs in waste gas.
In order to achieve the above object, an aspect of the present invention provides a VOCs processing apparatus, comprising:
the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit is provided with a gas inlet to be treated and a VOCs outlet and is arranged to adsorb VOCs in the gas to be treated and desorb the adsorbed VOCs;
the VOCs recovery unit is provided with a VOCs inlet and a VOCs outlet, the VOCs inlet is communicated with the VOCs outlet of the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit, and the VOCs recovery unit is set to be capable of recovering heavy hydrocarbon components in VOCs; and
VOCs decomposes the unit, VOCs decomposes the unit and has the VOCs entry, VOCs that VOCs decomposed the unit the entry with VOCs who retrieves the unit exports the intercommunication, VOCs decomposes the unit and sets up to the light hydrocarbon component in can decomposing VOCs.
Optionally, the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit includes an adsorption tank and a first microwave generator, the adsorption tank includes a tank body having a cavity defined therein and an adsorbent disposed in the cavity, the tank body is provided with a first opening and a second opening communicated with the cavity, the first opening is used as the inlet for the gas to be treated and the outlet for the VOCs, the second opening is used for discharging purified gas purified by the adsorbent, and the first microwave generator is configured to be capable of radiating microwaves to the adsorbent.
Optionally, the adsorbent is layered along the height direction of the cavity to form a plurality of adsorbent beds spaced from each other, the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit includes a plurality of first microwave generators, the plurality of first microwave generators are installed outside the tank body, each first microwave generator is connected with a microwave antenna, and the plurality of microwave antennas extend into the cavity and are respectively disposed above and below the plurality of adsorbent beds.
Optionally, the VOCs adsorption desorption unit includes a first temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the adsorbent.
Optionally, the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit comprises an air inlet pipeline communicated with the first opening and an air outlet pipeline communicated with the second opening, an air inlet control valve used for controlling the on-off of the air inlet pipeline is arranged on the air inlet pipeline, and an air outlet control valve used for controlling the on-off of the air outlet pipeline is arranged on the air outlet pipeline.
Optionally, the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit comprises a control device, the control device is electrically connected with the first microwave generator and the first temperature detector respectively, and the control device is configured to receive temperature information detected by the first temperature detector and control the operation of the first microwave generator according to the temperature information.
Optionally, the VOCs adsorbs desorption unit includes evacuating device, VOCs entry of VOCs recovery unit pass through the desorption pipeline with first opening intercommunication, evacuating device sets up it is used for with on the desorption pipeline to separate VOCs pump that adsorbs in the adsorption tank to VOCs recovery unit, it is provided with on the desorption pipeline and is used for controlling the desorption control valve of desorption pipeline break-make.
Optionally, the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit comprises a purging device, the purging device is communicated with the second opening through a purging line to introduce a purging gas into the cavity, and the purging line is provided with a purging control valve for controlling on-off of the purging line.
Alternatively, the control means may be provided to be able to control opening and closing of the intake control valve, the exhaust control valve, the desorption control valve, and the purge control valve, respectively.
Optionally, the first opening is located at the bottom of the tank, and the second opening is located at the top of the tank.
Optionally, the VOCs recovery unit comprises a condensing unit arranged to enable liquefied recovery of heavy hydrocarbon components in the VOCs.
Optionally, the VOCs decomposition unit includes catalytic reactor, catalytic reactor include inside the casing that limits the reaction chamber with set up in catalyst in the reaction chamber, the catalyst is used for catalyzing VOCs oxidative decomposition to carbon dioxide and vapor, VOCs entry setting of VOCs decomposition unit is in on the casing and with the reaction chamber intercommunication, still be provided with on the casing with the gas vent of reaction chamber intercommunication.
Optionally, the VOCs decomposition unit includes a second microwave generator configured to radiate microwaves to the catalyst.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for processing VOCs, comprising the following steps:
absorbing VOCs, namely absorbing VOCs in the gas to be treated by adopting an adsorbent;
desorbing VOCs to desorb the VOCs adsorbed in the adsorbent;
recovering VOCs, and recovering heavy hydrocarbon components in the VOCs in a condensation mode;
VOCs are decomposed, and light hydrocarbon components in the VOCs are decomposed in a catalytic oxidation mode.
Optionally, the step of desorbing the VOCs comprises: and vacuumizing the adsorbent adsorbed with the VOCs until the pressure of the adsorbent is reduced to a preset value, purging the adsorbent by adopting a purging gas, and radiating microwaves to the adsorbent to heat the adsorbent.
Optionally, the step of decomposing VOCs comprises: and (3) carrying out catalytic oxidation on light hydrocarbon components in the VOCs by adopting a microwave coupling catalysis mode to decompose the light hydrocarbon components into carbon dioxide and water vapor.
Optionally, the predetermined value is 0-10 KPa.
Optionally, the microwave frequency radiated to the adsorbent is 2450MHz + -50 MHz or 915MHz + -50 MHz, and the heated temperature of the adsorbent is 45-55 ℃.
Optionally, the method employs the above-described VOCs treatment apparatus.
According to the VOCs treatment equipment, the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit, the VOCs recovery unit and the VOCs decomposition unit are matched, so that heavy hydrocarbon components in VOCs can be recovered, light hydrocarbon components in VOCs can be thoroughly decomposed, the VOCs in the gas to be treated can be thoroughly purified, the emission requirement can be met, and the pollution to the atmosphere can be avoided.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the apparatus for treating VOCs of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
10-adsorption tank, 101-adsorbent bed, 11-first microwave generator, 111-microwave antenna, 12-first temperature detector, 13-gas inlet line, 131-gas inlet control valve, 14-gas outlet line, 141-gas outlet control valve, 15-vacuumizing device, 16-desorption line, 161-desorption control valve, 17-purging device, 18-purging line, 181-purging control valve, 19-condensing device, 20-catalytic reactor, 201-catalyst, 21-second microwave generator and 22-waste gas source.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, use of the terms "upper, lower, top, and bottom" generally refer to the orientation as shown in the drawings. "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of the respective component itself.
One aspect of the present invention provides a device for processing VOCs, the device comprising:
the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit is provided with a gas inlet to be treated and a VOCs outlet and is arranged to adsorb VOCs in the gas to be treated and desorb the adsorbed VOCs;
the VOCs recovery unit is provided with a VOCs inlet and a VOCs outlet, the VOCs inlet is communicated with the VOCs outlet of the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit, and the VOCs recovery unit is set to be capable of recovering heavy hydrocarbon components in VOCs; and
VOCs decomposes the unit, VOCs decomposes the unit and has the VOCs entry, VOCs that VOCs decomposed the unit the entry with VOCs who retrieves the unit exports the intercommunication, VOCs decomposes the unit and sets up to the light hydrocarbon component in can decomposing VOCs.
In the above, it is understood that the heavy hydrocarbon components in VOCs refer to compounds of C6-C10, and the light hydrocarbon components in VOCs refer to compounds of C2-C5.
According to the VOCs treatment equipment, the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit, the VOCs recovery unit and the VOCs decomposition unit are matched, so that heavy hydrocarbon components in VOCs can be recovered, light hydrocarbon components in VOCs can be thoroughly decomposed, the VOCs in the gas to be treated can be thoroughly purified, the emission requirement can be met, and the pollution to the atmosphere can be avoided.
In the present invention, the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit includes an adsorption tank 10 and a first microwave generator 11, the adsorption tank 10 includes a tank body in which a cavity is defined and an adsorbent disposed in the cavity, the tank body is provided with a first opening and a second opening which are communicated with the cavity, the first opening is used as the inlet of the gas to be treated and the outlet of the VOCs, the second opening is used for discharging purified gas purified by the adsorbent, and the first microwave generator 11 is configured to radiate microwaves to the adsorbent.
Wherein the adsorbent can adsorb VOCs in the gas to be treated, and is preferably a non-polar adsorbent, such as silica gel, zeolite and the like. By using the non-polar adsorbent for adsorption, when the first microwave generator 11 radiates microwaves to the adsorbent, the microwaves do not heat the adsorbent to raise the temperature thereof, but only heat polar adsorbates (e.g., VOCs molecules) adsorbed in the adsorbent. The polarity direction is continuously changed through microwaves, so that VOCs molecules in pores of the adsorbent are continuously changed in direction, and the temperature is raised through vibration, so that the adsorbent is thoroughly desorbed.
The tank body is made of a wave-opaque material, such as stainless steel, so as to prevent the microwave in the cavity from leaking. The tank may have any shape, and the first opening and the second opening may be provided at any position of the tank, but it is ensured that the gas to be treated, which has entered the cavity from the first opening, flows through the adsorbent and then is discharged from the second opening. Preferably, the tank is cylindrical, the first opening is located at the bottom of the tank, and the second opening is located at the top of the tank (see fig. 1). In this case, the adsorbent is preferably located in the middle of the cavity. In addition, the gas to be treated in the invention refers to waste gas containing VOCs.
The first microwave generators 11 may be at least two to radiate microwaves to the adsorbent from above and below the entire adsorbent, respectively. The uniform and rapid heating of the adsorbent can be realized, the thorough and efficient desorption of the VOCs in the adsorbent is facilitated, the regeneration efficiency of the adsorbent and the capacity of repeatedly adsorbing the VOCs are obviously improved, and the service life of the adsorbent is effectively prolonged.
In order to further facilitate uniform and rapid heating of the adsorbent, as shown in fig. 1, the adsorbent is layered along the height direction of the cavity to form a plurality of adsorbent beds 101 spaced from each other, the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit includes a plurality of first microwave generators 11, the plurality of first microwave generators 11 are installed outside the tank, each first microwave generator 11 is connected with a microwave antenna 111, and the plurality of microwave antennas 111 extend into the cavity and are respectively disposed above and below the plurality of adsorbent beds 101. That is, the microwave antennas 111 are disposed in the space between every two adjacent adsorbent beds 101, and the microwave antennas 111 are disposed above the uppermost adsorbent bed 101 and below the lowermost adsorbent bed 101. The number of the first microwave generators 11 may be determined according to the number of the adsorbent beds 101, and it is preferable to ensure that the microwave antennas 111 are disposed above and below each of the adsorbent beds 101, so that each of the adsorbent beds 101 is uniformly heated.
Wherein, in order to further improve the heating effect, the thickness of each adsorbent bed 101 is preferably 30-50cm, and the plurality of adsorbent beds 101 and the plurality of microwave antennas 111 are preferably arranged in parallel with each other. Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the canister is cylindrical, the cavity is circular in cross-section, the adsorbent bed 101 is cylindrical with a diameter equal to the diameter of the cavity, and the portion of the microwave antenna 111 within the cavity may radiate microwaves at equal distances across the diameter of the adsorbent bed 101 to adjacent adsorbent beds 101.
In the present invention, the adsorption and desorption unit for VOCs may further include a first temperature detector 12, and the first temperature detector 12 may be configured to detect the temperature of the adsorbent. In the case of a plurality of adsorbent beds 101, the first temperature detector 12 may be a plurality to detect the temperature of the plurality of adsorbent beds 101, respectively. By sensing the temperature of the adsorbent bed 101, the power of the first microwave generator 11 may be conveniently controlled to heat the adsorbent bed 101 to a temperature range that facilitates desorption.
Further, the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit may include a control device electrically connected to the first microwave generator 11 and the first temperature detector 12, respectively, and configured to receive temperature information detected by the first temperature detector 12 and control the operation of the first microwave generator 11 according to the temperature information. In particular, the control means can control the activation, deactivation and power level of the first microwave generator 11. It should be noted that, when the first microwave generators 11 and the first temperature detectors 12 are multiple, the control device may individually control the first microwave generators 11 and the first temperature detectors to control the operation of the corresponding first microwave generators 11 according to the temperature information detected by the corresponding first temperature detectors 12.
In the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit may further include an air inlet line 13 communicating with the first opening and an exhaust line 14 communicating with the second opening, the air inlet line 13 is provided with an air inlet control valve 131 for controlling the on/off of the air inlet line 13, and the exhaust line 14 is provided with an exhaust control valve 141 for controlling the on/off of the exhaust line 14. This enables flexible control of the intake and exhaust of the canister 10. Further, the control means may be electrically connected to the intake control valve 131 and the exhaust control valve 141, respectively, and the control means may be provided so as to be able to control the opening and closing of the intake control valve 131 and the exhaust control valve 141, respectively.
In the present invention, in order to improve the desorption effect of the adsorbent, the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit may further include a vacuum extractor 15, the inlet of the VOCs in the VOCs recovery unit is communicated with the first opening through a desorption line 16, the vacuum extractor 15 is disposed on the desorption line 16 and is used for pumping the VOCs adsorbed in the adsorption tank 10 to the VOCs recovery unit, and the desorption line 16 is provided with a desorption control valve 161 for controlling the on-off of the desorption line 16. Through the arrangement, the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit can be coupled with the desorption mode of microwave and vacuumizing, complete desorption of the adsorbent is realized in a short time, and the desorbed VOCs are pumped to the VOCs recovery unit so as to realize recovery of the VOCs. Further, by providing the desorption control valve 161, it is possible to realize switching between the adsorption mode and the desorption mode of the VOCs adsorption/desorption unit in cooperation with the intake control valve 131 and the exhaust control valve 141. The vacuum pumping device 15 may be a vacuum pump. The control device may be electrically connected to the vacuum pumping device 15 to control the operation of the vacuum pumping device 15.
In addition, the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit may further include a purge device 17, the purge device 17 is communicated with the second opening through a purge line 18 to inject a purge gas into the cavity, and a purge control valve 181 for controlling on-off of the purge line 18 is disposed on the purge line 18. The purging device 17 may be a gas storage tank storing a purging gas, and the purging gas may be an inert gas or a purge gas. In the case where the purge gas is a purge gas, the purge device 17 may collect the purge gas discharged through the exhaust line 14 for use as the purge gas. According to the invention, the purging device 17 is arranged, and the purging device 17 can assist the first microwave generator 11 and the vacuumizing device 15 to completely desorb VOCs adsorbed in the adsorbent. Therefore, the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit can be coupled with three desorption methods of microwave, vacuum and purging, so that the desorption effect of the adsorbent is further improved, the regeneration efficiency and the VOCs repeated adsorption capacity of the adsorbent are remarkably improved, and the service life of the adsorbent is effectively prolonged.
Further, the control means may be electrically connected to the desorption control valve 161 and the purge control valve 181, respectively, and may be configured to control opening and closing of the desorption control valve 161 and the purge control valve 181, respectively.
In addition, the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit may further include a first pressure detector for detecting a pressure within the cavity and transmitting detected pressure information to the control device, and the control device may be configured to control the opening and closing of the purge control valve 181 according to the pressure information.
In use, the control means may control the opening and closing of each control valve according to whether the adsorbent is in the adsorption mode or the desorption mode, and control the opening and closing times of the first microwave generator 11 and the corresponding control valves, and the power of the first microwave generator 11 according to the information on the temperature and pressure detected by the first temperature detector 12 and the first pressure detector.
In the present invention, the adsorption and desorption unit for VOCs may include one or more adsorption tanks 10. In practical use, when the adsorption capacity of one adsorption tank 10 does not meet the requirement, the adsorption capacity can be improved by connecting a plurality of adsorption tanks 10 in series. In series, the gas inlet line 13 of the first canister 10 may be connected to the exhaust gas source 22, the gas inlet line 13 of the second canister 10 may be connected to the exhaust line 14 of the first canister 10, and so on.
In the present invention, the VOCs recovery unit comprises a condensing device 19, and the condensing device 19 is configured to liquefy and recover heavy hydrocarbon components in the VOCs.
VOCs decomposes unit includes catalytic reactor 20, catalytic reactor 20 includes that inside is injectd the casing that has the reaction chamber and set up in catalyst 201 in the reaction chamber, catalyst 201 is used for catalyzing VOCs oxidative decomposition to carbon dioxide and vapor, VOCs decomposition unit's VOCs entry sets up on the casing and with the reaction chamber intercommunication, still be provided with on the casing with the gas vent of reaction chamber intercommunication.
In addition, the VOCs decomposition unit may further include a second microwave generator 21, and the second microwave generator 21 may be provided to be capable of radiating microwaves to the catalyst 201. According to the invention, the VOCs are treated by adopting the double coupling effect of the microwave and the catalyst and utilizing the heat effect and the non-heat effect of the microwave, the heat effect of the microwave has the characteristics of rapid heating and selective heating, the active elements on the surface of the catalyst can be rapidly in a high-temperature state to form high-temperature point positions, the heating only takes a few minutes, and thus the heating time of the catalyst is greatly shortened; the non-thermal effect of the microwave causes the microwave electric field to cause the electric dipole in the compound to rapidly rotate, the process is regarded as molecular stirring, and the molecular stirring enables the medium to transfer the absorbed microwave energy to the catalyst crystal lattice, so that the release and transfer rate of the catalyst crystal lattice oxygen is accelerated, and the reaction efficiency of the catalyst is remarkably improved.
Furthermore, the VOCs decomposition unit may further include a second temperature detector operable to detect a temperature of the catalyst 201, the control means may be electrically connected to the second temperature detector and the second microwave generator 21, respectively, and the controller may be configured to control the operation of the second microwave generator 21 according to the temperature detected by the second temperature detector.
The VOCs decomposition unit may further include a second pressure detector, which may detect a pressure difference between an inlet of VOCs of the catalytic reactor 20 and an exhaust port, to obtain a resistance drop of the catalytic reactor 20, thereby facilitating an improvement in the safety factor of the catalytic reactor 20.
In the invention, the temperature detector can adopt a temperature transmitter, and the pressure detector can adopt a pressure transmitter.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for processing VOCs, comprising the following steps:
absorbing VOCs, namely absorbing VOCs in the gas to be treated by adopting an adsorbent;
desorbing VOCs to desorb the VOCs adsorbed in the adsorbent;
recovering VOCs, and recovering heavy hydrocarbon components in the VOCs in a condensation mode;
VOCs are decomposed, and light hydrocarbon components in the VOCs are decomposed in a catalytic oxidation mode.
Specifically, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the step of desorbing the VOCs comprises: and vacuumizing the adsorbent adsorbed with the VOCs until the pressure of the adsorbent is reduced to a preset value, purging the adsorbent by adopting a purging gas, and radiating microwaves to the adsorbent to heat the adsorbent. The step of decomposing the VOCs comprises: and (3) carrying out catalytic oxidation on light hydrocarbon components in the VOCs by adopting a microwave coupling catalysis mode to decompose the light hydrocarbon components into carbon dioxide and water vapor.
Wherein the predetermined value is preferably 0-10 KPa. The microwave frequency radiated to the adsorbent is 2450MHz + -50 MHz or 915MHz + -50 MHz. The heated temperature of the adsorbent is 45-55 ℃. This temperature range can make adsorbent absorption effect reduce, desorption effect increase, can not produce harm or harmful effects to the adsorbent simultaneously, can not produce adverse effect to the next periodic absorption of adsorbent yet, and this temperature range is far below various VOCs's ignition point moreover, can guarantee the safe high efficiency of desorption process.
The VOCs treatment method of the invention can be implemented by the VOCs treatment equipment.
The method for treating VOCs according to the present invention is described in detail below with reference to FIG. 1, and comprises:
the control device controls the gas inlet control valve 131 and the gas outlet control valve 141 to be opened, the desorption control valve 161 and the purge control valve 181 to be closed, the gas to be treated from the exhaust gas source 22 is introduced into the adsorption tank 10 through the first opening by the gas inlet pipeline 13, the gas to be treated flows upwards after entering the adsorption tank 10, sequentially flows through the three adsorbent beds 101 to adsorb VOCs by the adsorbent beds 101, and is discharged to the outside from the second opening by the gas outlet pipeline 14; after the adsorbent bed layer 101 adsorbs for a period of time, the content of VOCs in the adsorbent is high, the adsorption capacity is reduced, at this time, the control device controls the air inlet control valve 131 and the air outlet control valve 141 to be closed, the desorption control valve 161 to be opened, and controls the vacuum pumping device 15 to be opened, so that the VOCs adsorbed to the adsorbent are desorbed from the gaps of the adsorbent and pumped to the condensing device 19; when the first pressure detector detects that the pressure in the adsorption tank 10 is reduced to 5KPa, the control device controls the purge control valve 181 to open, the purge device 17 introduces inert gas into the adsorption tank 10 through the purge pipeline 18 and the second opening, the inert gas entering the adsorption tank 10 flows downwards and purges the adsorbent to assist vacuum desorption; when the purge control valve 181 is opened, the first microwave generator 11 is started by the control device to radiate microwaves to the adsorbent bed 101 through the microwave antenna 111, so as to heat the VOCs molecules difficult to desorb in the pores of the adsorbent, so that the VOCs molecules vibrate violently, and the desorption from the pores of the adsorbent is accelerated under the purge action of the inert gas, so that the VOCs molecules are pumped to the condensing device 19. The heavy hydrocarbon components in the VOCs entering the condensing device 19 are liquefied and recovered under the condensation effect, and the condensation temperature is-60 ℃ to-40 ℃ (the liquefaction of more than 95% of VOCs can be realized). Light hydrocarbon components in the VOCs which cannot be liquefied and recovered enter the catalytic reactor 20, are subjected to catalytic oxidation reaction under the dual actions of the catalyst 201 and the microwaves and are decomposed into carbon dioxide and water vapor, heat is released, and the carbon dioxide and the water vapor are finally discharged through an exhaust port of the catalytic reactor 20.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. A VOCs processing apparatus, comprising:
the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit is provided with a gas inlet to be treated and a VOCs outlet and is arranged to adsorb VOCs in the gas to be treated and desorb the adsorbed VOCs;
the VOCs recovery unit is provided with a VOCs inlet and a VOCs outlet, the VOCs inlet is communicated with the VOCs outlet of the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit, and the VOCs recovery unit is set to be capable of recovering heavy hydrocarbon components in VOCs; and
VOCs decomposes the unit, VOCs decomposes the unit and has the VOCs entry, VOCs that VOCs decomposed the unit the entry with VOCs who retrieves the unit exports the intercommunication, VOCs decomposes the unit and sets up to the light hydrocarbon component in can decomposing VOCs.
2. A processing apparatus for VOCs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adsorption and desorption unit for VOCs comprises an adsorption tank (10) and a first microwave generator (11), the adsorption tank (10) comprises a tank body defining a cavity therein and an adsorbent disposed in the cavity, the tank body is provided with a first opening and a second opening communicating with the cavity, the first opening is used as the inlet for the gas to be processed and the outlet for VOCs, the second opening is used for discharging purified gas purified by the adsorbent, and the first microwave generator (11) is configured to radiate microwaves to the adsorbent.
3. A VOCs treatment apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said adsorbent is layered along the height of said cavity to form a plurality of adsorbent beds (101) spaced apart from each other, said VOCs adsorption and desorption unit comprises a plurality of said first microwave generators (11), a plurality of said first microwave generators (11) being mounted outside said tank, each of said first microwave generators (11) being connected to a microwave antenna (111), a plurality of said microwave antennas (111) extending into said cavity and being disposed above and below said plurality of adsorbent beds (101), respectively.
4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the processing unit is further configured to,
the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit comprises a first temperature detector (12), and the first temperature detector (12) is used for detecting the temperature of the adsorbent; and/or
The VOCs adsorption and desorption unit comprises an air inlet pipeline (13) communicated with the first opening and an exhaust pipeline (14) communicated with the second opening, an air inlet control valve (131) used for controlling the on-off of the air inlet pipeline (13) is arranged on the air inlet pipeline (13), and an exhaust control valve (141) used for controlling the on-off of the exhaust pipeline (14) is arranged on the exhaust pipeline (14).
5. Equipment for the treatment of VOCs according to claim 4, wherein said adsorption and desorption unit for VOCs comprises control means electrically connected to said first microwave generator (11) and said first temperature detector (12), respectively, said control means being arranged to receive temperature information detected by said first temperature detector (12) and to control the operation of said first microwave generator (11) in dependence of said temperature information.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the processing unit is further configured to,
the VOCs adsorption and desorption unit comprises a vacuumizing device (15), a VOCs inlet of the VOCs recovery unit is communicated with the first opening through a desorption pipeline (16), the vacuumizing device (15) is arranged on the desorption pipeline (16) and used for pumping VOCs adsorbed in the adsorption tank (10) to the VOCs recovery unit, and a desorption control valve (161) used for controlling the desorption pipeline (16) to be switched on and off is arranged on the desorption pipeline (16); and/or
The VOCs adsorption and desorption unit comprises a purging device (17), the purging device (17) is communicated with the second opening through a purging pipeline (18) and used for introducing purging gas into the cavity, and a purging control valve (181) used for controlling the on-off of the purging pipeline (18) is arranged on the purging pipeline (18).
7. A VOCs treatment apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the control means is arranged to be able to control the opening and closing of the intake control valve (131), the exhaust control valve (141), the desorption control valve (161), and the purge control valve (181), respectively.
8. The apparatus of any one of claims 2-7, wherein the first opening is located at a bottom of the tank and the second opening is located at a top of the tank.
9. Equipment according to any of claims 1-7, characterized in that the recovery unit for VOCs comprises a condensation device (19), said condensation device (19) being arranged to enable liquefied recovery of heavy hydrocarbon components in VOCs.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the VOCs decomposition unit comprises a catalytic reactor (20), the catalytic reactor (20) comprising a housing defining a reaction chamber therein and a catalyst (201) disposed within the reaction chamber, the catalyst (201) being adapted to catalyze the oxidative decomposition of VOCs into carbon dioxide and water vapor, the VOCs decomposition unit having a VOCs inlet disposed on the housing and in communication with the reaction chamber, the housing further having an exhaust port disposed thereon in communication with the reaction chamber.
11. Equipment for the treatment of VOCs according to claim 10, wherein said VOCs decomposition unit comprises a second microwave generator (21), said second microwave generator (21) being arranged to be able to radiate microwaves to said catalyst (201).
12. A VOCs treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
absorbing VOCs, namely absorbing VOCs in the gas to be treated by adopting an adsorbent;
desorbing VOCs to desorb the VOCs adsorbed in the adsorbent;
recovering VOCs, and recovering heavy hydrocarbon components in the VOCs in a condensation mode;
VOCs are decomposed, and light hydrocarbon components in the VOCs are decomposed in a catalytic oxidation mode.
13. The method of treating VOCs of claim 12,
the step of desorbing the VOCs comprises: vacuumizing the adsorbent adsorbed with VOCs until the pressure of the adsorbent is reduced to a preset value, purging the adsorbent by adopting a purge gas, and radiating microwaves to the adsorbent to heat the adsorbent; and/or
The step of decomposing the VOCs comprises: and (3) carrying out catalytic oxidation on light hydrocarbon components in the VOCs by adopting a microwave coupling catalysis mode to decompose the light hydrocarbon components into carbon dioxide and water vapor.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the VOCs are treated by a chemical treatment,
the predetermined value is 0-10KPa, and/or
The microwave frequency radiated to the adsorbent is 2450MHz +/-50 MHz or 915MHz +/-50 MHz, and the heated temperature of the adsorbent is 45-55 ℃.
15. A method of treating VOCs as claimed in claim 12, wherein the method employs the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 11.
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| CN110090527A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-06 | 常州大学 | A kind of embedded microwave cycle adsorption-desorption tower and its operating method |
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