CN113209540B - Directly-thrown slow-release solid fire preventing and extinguishing material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Directly-thrown slow-release solid fire preventing and extinguishing material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113209540B CN113209540B CN202110355116.7A CN202110355116A CN113209540B CN 113209540 B CN113209540 B CN 113209540B CN 202110355116 A CN202110355116 A CN 202110355116A CN 113209540 B CN113209540 B CN 113209540B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0092—Gaseous extinguishing substances, e.g. liquefied gases, carbon dioxide snow
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0007—Solid extinguishing substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0064—Gels; Film-forming compositions
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Abstract
The invention relates to a slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material capable of being directly thrown in, belonging to the technical field of fire safety. The feed consists of the following raw materials: dry ice, soluble slightly soluble substances and auxiliaries. The slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material has high density and high strength, can continuously release carbon dioxide for a long time, and has high fire extinguishing efficiency. The invention also relates to a preparation method of the directly-thrown slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material, which comprises the following steps: s1, weighing dry ice, a soluble slightly soluble substance and an auxiliary agent; s2, stirring and mixing the soluble slightly-soluble substance and the auxiliary agent to obtain a first mixture; s3, stirring and mixing the first mixture and dry ice to obtain a second mixture; and S4, sequentially carrying out forming treatment and packaging on the second mixture. The preparation method of the invention does not need special treatment, has simpler and more convenient operation steps and stable preparation effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fire safety, and particularly relates to a directly-thrown slow-release solid fire preventing and extinguishing material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Fire prevention and flame retardation are always important issues for preventing natural disasters and protecting people. The fire-proof and fire-extinguishing material is a fire-extinguishing material which plays an absolute role in modern fire prevention and has the property of preventing or retarding flame spread. The fire can be continuously generated mainly because of the three elements, namely combustion improver, combustible and high temperature, and the fire can be extinguished by effectively controlling at least one element in the three elements by using the fire extinguishing material.
At present, in forest fires, the traditional fire extinguishing method is to use onboard tools such as a helicopter to put fire extinguishing materials above a fire area, wherein the fire extinguishing materials are water, dry ice or dry powder, so that the fire is suppressed. However, when a helicopter throws fire extinguishing materials such as water, dry ice or dry powder over a fire area, the helicopter is greatly affected by wind force, and the geographical environment of a forest is complicated, so that the throwing position of the fire extinguishing materials is easily deviated, and the helicopter cannot achieve a substantial fire extinguishing effect.
Therefore, there is a need for a directly-deliverable sustained-release solid fire-fighting material to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material capable of being directly thrown in order to solve the technical problems that the fire extinguishing material thrown in the forest fire at present is easy to shift and the fire extinguishing efficiency is low.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a directly-thrown slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10-90 parts of dry ice, 10-90 parts of soluble slightly soluble substances and 5-50 parts of auxiliary agents.
The directly-thrown slow-release solid fire preventing and extinguishing material has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the fire prevention and extinguishing material is solid and has an average density of 1.9t/m3The wind power influence in the air throwing process can be effectively relieved, and the throwing accuracy is improved;
(2) the speed of releasing carbon dioxide by the fire prevention and extinguishing material is slow, the average time of releasing gas by a ball with the diameter of 100mm at room temperature and normal pressure is 155sec, so that carbon dioxide can last in the air for a longer time, the duration time of flame retardance is further prolonged, and a time advantage is created for controlling large-area fire;
(3) the invention is 1.2m3The isolated space has the fire scale (heat release rate) of 4.0kw, the average time for fire extinguishment under the test condition of surface fire is 3.3sec, and the fire extinguishing effect is superior to that of most of the traditional fire extinguishing materials.
The working principle of the directly-thrown slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material of the invention is as follows:
the dry ice in the fire prevention and extinguishing material is heated to sublimate, so that carbon dioxide gas is released, and the carbon dioxide gas can reduce the oxygen concentration in air, thereby realizing the control of the combustion improver in fire; meanwhile, a covering attached to the combustion surface is generated, and the contact between the combustion object and oxygen can be physically isolated, so that the control of the combustion improver in the fire is realized; meanwhile, the sublimation process of the dry ice is an endothermic reaction which absorbs a large amount of heat and plays a role in reducing temperature and extinguishing fire;
the endothermic reaction of the dry ice can also promote the change of the soluble slightly soluble substances, so that the soluble slightly soluble substances are changed into slurry substances, and the slurry substances can cover the surface of the combustible substances, thereby separating the combustible substances and playing the roles of extinguishing fire and preventing reburning;
the working principle and the reaction process are as follows:
CO2(solid) ═ CO2↓ -heat (Heat absorbing)
CaSO4.2H2O＝2H2O↑+CaSO4-heat (endotherm)
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, the feed additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30-50 parts of dry ice, 20-30 parts of soluble slightly soluble substances and 15-25 parts of auxiliary agents.
Further, the soluble slightly-soluble substance is any one or combination of gypsum, magnesium sulfate and ferric sulfate in any mass ratio.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that:
(1) the endothermic reaction of the dry ice can affect gypsum, magnesium sulfate and ferric sulfate, for example, the gypsum is melted under the influence of flame, meanwhile, the moisture in the gypsum is solidified into ice under the influence of endothermic heat, through the reaction, the gypsum can finally generate nonflammable slurry substances, the slurry substances are mainly sulfate, and the slurry substances are recrystallized and solidified and can cover the surface of combustible materials flowing through the slurry substances;
(2) the strength of the fire-preventing and extinguishing material can be effectively improved by gypsum, magnesium sulfate and ferric sulfate, the sulfate formed by the slurry substances has little harm to the environment after use, and the fire-preventing and extinguishing material is simple and convenient without special treatment.
Further, the moisture content in the gypsum is not higher than 20 wt%.
Further, the auxiliary agent is a first auxiliary agent and/or a second auxiliary agent, the first auxiliary agent is a solvent, and the second auxiliary agent is sodium silicate or potassium silicate.
Further, the auxiliary agents are a first auxiliary agent and a second auxiliary agent, and the mass ratio of the first auxiliary agent to the second auxiliary agent is 1: (2.5-10).
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that:
the solvent of the first auxiliary agent can help to form a slurry substance, so that the soluble slightly-soluble substance is prevented from being heated to directly form a powder substance, and a foundation is laid for forming an isolation surface on the combustible;
the second auxiliary agents, namely sodium silicate and potassium silicate, can react with carbon dioxide and water to form silicic acid; silicic acid can generate quartz crystals under the heating reaction, and the quartz crystals can help the slurry substance to form a separation surface with better flame retardance, so that the fire extinguishing effect is improved; in addition, the formed slurry substances mainly comprise calcium silicate, quartz crystals, sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate and the like, so that the environment after use is less in harm, special treatment is not needed, and the environmental benefit is better;
the working principle and the reaction process are as follows:
CaSO4+Na2SiO3+H2O＝CaSiO3↓+Na2SO4+H2O
Na2SO3+CO2+H2O＝H2SiO3+Na2CO3
H2SIO3＝SiO2↓+H2O
further, the solvent is water or carbon tetrachloride.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the directly-thrown slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material, which can solve the technical problem that the dry ice mixture slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material cannot be stably manufactured at present.
The invention provides a preparation method of a directly-thrown slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10-90 parts of dry ice, 10-90 parts of soluble slightly soluble substances and 5-50 parts of auxiliary agents;
s2, stirring and mixing the soluble slightly-soluble substances and the auxiliary agent weighed in the step S1 to obtain a first mixture;
s3, stirring and mixing the first mixture obtained in the step S2 and the dry ice weighed in the step S1 at the temperature of-20 ℃ to-10 ℃ to obtain a second mixture;
and S4, forming the second mixture obtained in the step S3, and packaging to obtain the directly-thrown slow-release solid fire preventing and extinguishing material.
The preparation method of the directly-thrown slow-release solid fire preventing and extinguishing material has the beneficial effects that:
(1) under the condition of mixing and stirring, the soluble slightly soluble substance and the auxiliary agent can naturally react, no special treatment is needed during preparation, and the operation steps are simple and convenient;
(2) due to the existence of the dry ice, the preparation temperature is higher, the preparation environment generally requires 20 ℃ below zero to 10 ℃ below zero, and the slow-release solid fire preventing and extinguishing material is favorably and stably prepared.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, in step S2, the stirring and mixing process is performed at a rate of 60-120RPM for 2-5 min.
Further, in step S3, the stirring and mixing process is performed at a rate of 100-150RPM for 1-3 min.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: during the preparation of the second mixture, the stirring is faster and the stirring time is shorter, which can reduce the loss.
Further, in step S4, the pressure of the molding treatment is 0.5-3.0 MPa.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: under the pressure, the slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material with higher strength and density can be prepared.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preparation method of the slow-release solid fire-preventing and extinguishing material of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a brick-shaped slow-release solid fire-extinguishing material of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the spherical slow-release solid fire-extinguishing material of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following embodiments, wherein the raw materials such as dry ice, gypsum, magnesium sulfate, ferric sulfate, water, sodium silicate and potassium silicate may be purchased commercially, for example, the dry ice may be purchased from dry ice granules of Dou Daoren gas sales Limited company, the gypsum may be gypsum by-product generated by flue gas desulfurization, and the sodium silicate is instant sodium silicate powder.
In one aspect of the invention, the invention provides a slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material capable of being directly thrown, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10-90 parts of dry ice, 10-90 parts of soluble slightly soluble substances and 5-50 parts of auxiliary agents.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the soluble slightly soluble substance is one or any combination of gypsum, magnesium sulfate and ferric sulfate. Gypsum, magnesium sulfate and ferric sulfate are slightly soluble substances and can be dissolved at high temperature, so that slurry is formed; meanwhile, sulfate radicals generated by gypsum, magnesium sulfate and ferric sulfate are dissolved in the solvent, and the slurry substances are recrystallized and solidified, so that the effects of isolating, extinguishing and preventing reburning can be achieved.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the moisture content in the gypsum is not higher than 20 wt%, and the gypsum has too high moisture content, so that hardened lumps are easily formed and the subsequent mixing is not facilitated.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary agent is a first auxiliary agent and/or a second auxiliary agent, the first auxiliary agent is a solvent, and the second auxiliary agent is sodium silicate or potassium silicate.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the auxiliary agents are a first auxiliary agent and a second auxiliary agent, and the mass ratio of the first auxiliary agent to the second auxiliary agent is 1: (2.5-10).
The solvent of the first auxiliary agent can help to form a slurry substance, so that the soluble slightly-soluble substance is prevented from being heated to directly form a powder substance, and a foundation is laid for forming an isolation surface on the combustible substance.
In addition, the inventor finds that the first auxiliary agent and the second auxiliary agent are selected and used in various forms, and the main reference factor is soluble slightly-soluble substances. For example, if the soluble slightly soluble substance is gypsum which contains a certain amount of water, a slurry substance can be formed, and the dosage of the first auxiliary agent can be reduced, even the first auxiliary agent does not need to be used, so that the first auxiliary agent has higher economic value; if the sparingly soluble substance is magnesium sulfate, it is generally appropriate to use a first class of adjuvants in order to ensure formation of a slurry material.
The second auxiliary agents, namely sodium silicate and potassium silicate, can react with carbon dioxide and water to form silicic acid; the silicic acid can generate quartz crystals under the heating reaction, and the quartz crystals can help the slurry substance to form a separation surface with better flame retardance, so that the fire extinguishing effect is improved.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the solvent is water or carbon tetrachloride. The water is used as a common strong polar inorganic solvent, is colorless and nontoxic, is suitable for extracting more components, is cheap and easy to obtain, and is safe to use. Carbon tetrachloride, as an organic solvent, is insoluble in water and nonflammable, and can be used as a fire extinguishing agent, but carbon tetrachloride easily generates toxic gases at high temperature, so the use situation should be severe.
In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing a directly administrable slow-release solid fire-proof material, comprising the steps of:
s1, weighing dry ice, a soluble slightly-soluble substance and an auxiliary agent for later use;
s2, stirring and mixing the soluble slightly-soluble substance and the auxiliary agent to obtain a first mixture;
according to the embodiment of the invention, in the step S2, the stirring and mixing process is performed at the speed of 60-120RPM for 2-5 min.
S3, stirring and mixing the first mixture and dry ice at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ to minus 10 ℃ to obtain a second mixture;
according to the embodiment of the invention, in step S3, the stirring and mixing process is performed at a rate of 100-150RPM for 1-3 min. The inventors have found that during the preparation of the second mixture, the stirring is faster and the stirring time is shorter, which reduces the losses.
And S4, forming the second mixture, and packaging to obtain the directly-thrown slow-release solid fire preventing and extinguishing material.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pressure of the molding process is not particularly limited, and the molding process is performed at a pressure of 0.5 to 3MPa in step S4. If the pressure is too high, an overpressure phenomenon can occur, the production energy consumption is increased, and the pressure is too low, so that the fire-preventing and extinguishing material is not compact in pressure and can not keep the shape, and the strength is poor.
In addition, the second mixture after the forming treatment can have various shapes, and the inventor finds that brick-shaped fire prevention and extinguishing materials can be obtained by performing dry pressing forming on the second mixture through a hydraulic briquetting machine, and the brick-shaped fire prevention and extinguishing materials are widely applied, for example, temporary heightening of a ditch and a barrage when flood disasters occur, and temporary reinforcing materials for levee breaking can also be used; and the second mixed material is subjected to dry pressing forming by a roller type ball press machine, so that a spherical fire preventing and extinguishing material can be obtained and is directly put into use in the fire extinguishing process.
The slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material which can be directly put in is stored, generally the slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material can be stored under the condition of 20 ℃ below zero to 10 ℃ below zero, and the storage effect is stable.
The invention will now be described with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and not to be limiting in any way.
Mode 1
A directly-thrown slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 2.5t of dry ice, 2.0t of gypsum and 0.3t of sodium silicate.
The preparation method of the slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material which can be directly put in the mode comprises the following steps:
continuously pouring the gypsum and the sodium silicate into a drum-type stirrer according to the feeding flow rate of the gypsum being 2.0t/h and the feeding flow rate of the sodium silicate being 0.3t/h, and stirring for 2min at the stirring speed of 120RPM to obtain a first mixture; then, continuously pouring the first mixture and dry ice into a drum mixer at the temperature of 15 ℃ below zero and the feeding flow rate of the dry ice is 0.3t/h, and stirring for 1min at the stirring speed of 150RPM to obtain a second mixture; and finally, adding the second mixture into a hydraulic briquetting machine, carrying out machine pressing forming under the condition of 2.0MPa, and packaging to obtain the directly-thrown slow-release solid fire preventing and extinguishing material.
Mode 2
A directly-thrown slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 2.0t of dry ice, 2.0t of magnesium sulfate and 1.0t of water.
The preparation method of the slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material which can be directly put in the mode comprises the following steps:
continuously pouring magnesium sulfate and water into a drum mixer according to the feeding flow rate of the magnesium sulfate being 2.0t/h and the feeding flow rate of the water being 1.0t/h, and stirring for 5min at the stirring speed of 60RPM to obtain a first mixture; then, continuously pouring the first mixture and the dry ice into a drum mixer at the temperature of 20 ℃ below zero and the feeding flow rate of the dry ice being 2.0t/h, and stirring for 2min at the stirring speed being 100RPM to obtain a second mixture; and finally, adding the second mixture into a hydraulic briquetting machine, carrying out machine pressing forming under the condition of 2.5MPa, and packaging to obtain the directly-thrown slow-release solid fire preventing and extinguishing material.
Mode 3
A directly-thrown slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3.2t of dry ice, 3.2t of ferric sulfate, 0.6t of water and 1.2t of sodium silicate.
The preparation method of the slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material which can be directly put in the mode comprises the following steps:
continuously pouring ferric sulfate, water and sodium silicate into a drum mixer according to the feeding flow of ferric sulfate of 3.2t/h, the feeding flow of water of 0.6t/h and the feeding flow of sodium silicate of 1.2t/h, and stirring for 3min at the stirring speed of 120RPM to obtain a first mixture; then, continuously pouring the first mixture and the dry ice into a drum mixer at the temperature of 10 ℃ below zero and according to the feeding flow rate of the dry ice being 3.2t/h, and stirring for 1min at the stirring speed being 120RPM to obtain a second mixture; and finally, adding the second mixture into a hydraulic briquetting machine, carrying out machine pressing forming under the condition of 0.7MPa, and packaging to obtain the directly-thrown slow-release solid fire preventing and extinguishing material.
Mode 4
A directly-thrown slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3.2t of dry ice, 0.4t of ferric sulfate, 0.4t of water and 1.0t of sodium silicate.
The preparation method of the slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material which can be directly put in the mode comprises the following steps:
continuously pouring ferric sulfate, water and sodium silicate into a drum mixer according to the feeding flow of the ferric sulfate being 0.4t/h, the feeding flow of the water being 0.4t/h and the feeding flow of the sodium silicate being 1.0t/h, and stirring for 4min at the stirring speed of 110RPM to obtain a first mixture; then, continuously pouring the first mixture and the dry ice into a drum mixer at 18 ℃ below zero and according to the feeding flow rate of the dry ice being 3.2t/h, and stirring for 2min at the stirring speed being 120RPM to obtain a second mixture; and finally, adding the second mixture into a hydraulic briquetting machine, carrying out machine pressing forming under the condition of 2.0MPa, and packaging to obtain the directly-thrown slow-release solid fire preventing and extinguishing material.
Mode 5
A directly-thrown slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 1.2t of dry ice, 2.0t of ferric sulfate, 1.2t of carbon tetrachloride and 0.2t of sodium silicate.
The preparation method of the slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material which can be directly put in the mode comprises the following steps:
continuously pouring ferric sulfate, carbon tetrachloride and sodium silicate into a drum mixer according to the feeding flow of ferric sulfate of 2.0t/h, the feeding flow of carbon tetrachloride of 1.2t/h and the feeding flow of sodium silicate of 0.2t/h, and stirring for 4min at the stirring speed of 100RPM to obtain a first mixture; then, continuously pouring the first mixture and the dry ice into a drum mixer at the temperature of 20 ℃ below zero and the feeding flow rate of the dry ice is 1.2t/h, and stirring for 1min at the stirring speed of 100RPM to obtain a second mixture; and finally, adding the second mixture into a hydraulic briquetting machine, carrying out machine pressing forming under the condition of 3.0MPa, and packaging to obtain the directly-thrown slow-release solid fire preventing and extinguishing material.
Mode 6
A directly-thrown slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3.0t of dry ice, 3.0t of gypsum, 0.3t of water and 0.6t of potassium silicate.
The preparation method of the slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material which can be directly put in the mode comprises the following steps:
continuously pouring gypsum, water and potassium silicate into a drum mixer according to the feeding flow rate of the gypsum being 3.0t/h, the feeding flow rate of the water being 0.3t/h and the feeding flow rate of the potassium silicate being 0.6t/h, and stirring for 5min at the stirring speed of 120RPM to obtain a first mixture; then, continuously pouring the first mixture and the dry ice into a drum mixer at the temperature of 10 ℃ below zero and according to the feeding flow rate of the dry ice being 3.0t/h, and stirring for 3min at the stirring speed being 140RPM to obtain a second mixture; and finally, adding the second mixture into a hydraulic briquetting machine, carrying out machine pressing forming under the condition of 2.4MPa, and packaging to obtain the directly-thrown slow-release solid fire preventing and extinguishing material.
The slow-release solid fire-proof material obtained in the above-mentioned modes 1 to 6 is tested according to the test standard of GBJ16-87, and the test conditions are as follows: 1.2m3An isolated space, a fire scale (heat release rate) of 4.0kw, a surface fire; the comparative fire prevention and extinguishing material was dry ice, and the test results were as follows:
as can be seen from the above test results, first, the sustained-release solid fire-fighting material of the present invention has an average density of 1.9t/m3The horizontal acting force can be effectively reduced, so that the influence of wind power in the air throwing process is relieved, and the throwing accuracy is improved. Secondly, the average time for releasing gas of the ball with the diameter of 100mm at room temperature and normal pressure is 155sec, compared with dry ice, the release time of the dry ice is 145sec, so that the carbon dioxide can be maintained in the air for a longer time, and the flame retardant duration is further prolonged. Thirdly, the average time of fire extinguishing is 3.3sec, compared with dry ice, the fire extinguishing time of the dry ice is 3.6sec, therefore, the fire extinguishing effect of the invention can be equal to or even exceed that of the traditional fire extinguishing material.
The following is a detailed description of the method and steps for using the slow-release solid fire-preventing and extinguishing material of the present invention:
firstly, brick-shaped slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing materials are selected as application materials, a closed box dam is constructed in an experimental fire area, a fire retardant belt is formed, and the fire retardant belt is located between a fire area and an unburned area;
then, combustible materials are placed in the experimental fire area, and a fire source is put in; observing a combustion area, and throwing the slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material to an area with violent combustion;
and finally, after fire extinguishment, cleaning and storing the combustible body, and consolidating the fire extinguishment result.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material capable of being directly thrown in is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10-90 parts of dry ice, 10-90 parts of soluble slightly-soluble substances and 5-50 parts of auxiliaries, wherein the soluble slightly-soluble substances are any one or combination of gypsum, magnesium sulfate and ferric sulfate in any mass ratio, the auxiliaries are first auxiliaries and/or second auxiliaries, the first auxiliaries are solvents, the second auxiliaries are sodium silicate or potassium silicate, and the solvents are water or carbon tetrachloride.
2. The directly-thrown slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30-50 parts of dry ice, 20-30 parts of soluble slightly soluble substances and 15-25 parts of auxiliary agents.
3. The directly-deliverable sustained release solid fire protection material of claim 1, wherein the moisture content of the gypsum is not greater than 20% by weight.
4. The directly-dispensable slow-release solid fire prevention and extinguishing material according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary agents are a first auxiliary agent and a second auxiliary agent, and the mass ratio of the first auxiliary agent to the second auxiliary agent is 1: (2.5-10).
5. The method for preparing a directly-administrable slow-release solid fire-preventing and extinguishing material according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10-90 parts of dry ice, 10-90 parts of soluble slightly soluble substances and 5-50 parts of auxiliary agents;
s2, stirring and mixing the soluble slightly-soluble substances and the auxiliary agent weighed in the step S1 to obtain a first mixture;
s3, stirring and mixing the first mixture obtained in the step S2 and the dry ice weighed in the step S1 at the temperature of-20 ℃ to-10 ℃ to obtain a second mixture;
and S4, forming the second mixture obtained in the step S3, and packaging to obtain the directly-thrown slow-release solid fire preventing and extinguishing material.
6. The method for preparing a directly administrable sustained-release solid fire-extinguishing material according to claim 5, wherein the stirring and mixing process is performed at a rate of 60-120RPM for 2-5min in step S2.
7. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the stirring and mixing process is performed at a rate of 100 and 150RPM for 1-3min in step S3.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110355116.7A CN113209540B (en) | 2021-03-31 | 2021-03-31 | Directly-thrown slow-release solid fire preventing and extinguishing material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202110355116.7A CN113209540B (en) | 2021-03-31 | 2021-03-31 | Directly-thrown slow-release solid fire preventing and extinguishing material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113209540A CN113209540A (en) | 2021-08-06 |
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| GB696169A (en) * | 1950-08-12 | 1953-08-26 | Aluminum Co Of America | Improvements in or relating to permeable gypsum plaster molds |
| JP4296408B2 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2009-07-15 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | Fiber and nonwoven |
| DE102009053186A1 (en) * | 2009-11-08 | 2011-05-12 | Caldic Deutschland Chemie Bv | Fire-extinguishing compositions, in particular dry powder mixtures, process for their preparation and use |
| RS20100504A3 (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2013-10-31 | Capitol W.B.C. D.O.O. | Procedure to obtain means for fire prevention impregnation of porous materials and deep fire extinguishing of so-called smouldering fire in peat lands, coal and municipal waste landfills |
| CN103540385A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-01-29 | 黑龙江大学 | Dust suppression and flame retardant method in waterway coal transport |
| CN104147726A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-11-19 | 苏州萃智新技术开发有限公司 | Dry-ice fire extinguishing bomb |
| CN105920772A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-09-07 | 国安达股份有限公司 | Mixed fire-extinguishing agent |
| CN106621158A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-05-10 | 安徽新盾消防设备有限公司 | Efficient fire-extinguishing agent based on heptafluoropropane |
| CN112196401A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-08 | 吉林省固和泰机械有限责任公司 | Safe with built-in fireproof mechanism and fireproof material thereof |
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