CN113209384B - 一种妇科用盆底补片及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种妇科用盆底补片及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113209384B
CN113209384B CN202110498104.XA CN202110498104A CN113209384B CN 113209384 B CN113209384 B CN 113209384B CN 202110498104 A CN202110498104 A CN 202110498104A CN 113209384 B CN113209384 B CN 113209384B
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chitosan
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silk fibroin
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CN113209384A (zh
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王霖霖
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Ningbo First Hospital
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种妇科用盆底补片,该补片由基层、涂层和纤维层组成,基层为聚柠檬酸酯‑聚己内酯制备的静电纺丝层;所述基层采用涂层包覆,所述涂层由柞蚕丝素蛋白、壳聚糖和多肽抗菌剂组成;在包覆有涂层的基层的一侧设置有PLGA‑壳聚糖‑胶原混合溶液静电纺丝得到的纤维层。本发明的盆底补片具有良好的生物相容性、优异的力学性能和持久的抗菌性能。

Description

一种妇科用盆底补片及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及妇科技术领域,特别是涉及一种妇科用盆底补片及其制备方法。
背景技术
女性盆底功能障碍性疾病(pelvic floor dysfunction,PFD)是以压力性尿失禁、盆腔器官脱垂以及慢性盆腔疼痛等为主要病症的一种妇科疾病。在中老年女性中多发,严重影响患者生活质量,常用手术包括阴式子宫切除术,阴道前、后壁修补术等,能够起到一定的缓解症状的作用,但不能从根本上根治疾病,术后复发率较高。近年来,生物补片行盆底重建手术在女性盆底障碍性疾病逐渐得到广泛应用。大量研究表明,盆底补片是重要的盆底组织替代物,能够替代薄弱受损的盆底筋膜组织。与传统子宫切除手术方式相比,补片在提高手术安全性,改善术后病人生活质量等方面也逐步受到证实。
盆底重建手术的最终目标不仅是修复受损的组织,而是通过提供各种形式的重建材料,替代受损的组织或使组织再生。因此,理想的盆底重建材料应具有以下的特性:(1)最小的异物反应。(2)有弹性可弯曲。(3)容易缝合。(4)较好的组织相容性。(5)允许胶原纤维长入。(6)能够使组织永久的修复。(7)具有较好的张力。(8)能够抗感染。(9)较少的并发症。
目前用于盆底修复及重建的补片材料,根据质地的不同,可以分为两大类:一是生物材料,包括自体组织、同种异体移植物及异种移植物;二是人工合成材料。生物材料虽然无黏膜磨损、不存在疾病传播的危险,但可能存在与筋膜采集相关的并发症,同时也受供体限制,存在动物传染病和排斥反应的问题。合成材料从20世纪50年代开始用于外科重建手术中,合成材料又分可吸收材料和不可吸收材料。人工合成材料中的聚丙烯补片是目前常用的一种人工合成网片。聚丙烯是应用于制备补片最广的一种不可吸收材料,但这种补片逐渐暴露出较为严重的不良反应,如侵蚀、皱缩、出血、疼痛等问题。也有报道采用膨体聚四氟乙烯布片用于盆底修复和重建,但会产生一定的并发症。CN105536071A公开了一种聚乳酸/聚己内酯/聚丙烯复合盆底补片,聚丙烯补片提供稳定的力学性能,聚乳酸/聚己内酯提供较好的生物相容性,但该种材料的孔隙率不高,且弹性受聚丙烯的影响并不理想。CN107115563A使用了一种细菌纤维素补片,呈多孔网状,采用冻融循环法制备得到,降低了补片材料应用与妇科治疗时的感染风险,但其张力和弹性与期望的盆底重建材料有较大差距。目前,尚没有一种补片材料可以满足理想的盆底重建材料的全部要求。
针对上述问题,本申请提出了一种具有具有良好的生物相容性、优异的力学性能和持久的抗菌性能的妇科补片。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种符合盆底修复及重建要求的具有良好生物相容性、抗感染性和优异的拉伸强度与弹性的妇科补片。
本发明的技术方案是:一种妇科用盆底补片,该补片由基层、涂层和纤维层组成,基层为聚柠檬酸酯-聚己内酯制备的静电纺丝层;所述基层采用涂层包覆,所述涂层由柞蚕丝素蛋白、壳聚糖和多肽抗菌剂组成;在包覆有涂层的基层的一侧设置有PLGA-壳聚糖-胶原混合溶液静电纺丝得到的纤维层;其中,聚柠檬酸酯-聚己内酯制备的静电纺丝层中聚柠檬酸酯与聚己内酯的质量比为(2-8):(8-2),柞蚕丝素蛋白、壳聚糖和多肽抗菌剂的混合物涂层中柞蚕丝素蛋白、壳聚糖和多肽抗菌剂的质量比为(30-40):(50-60):(3-5),纤维层中PLGA、壳聚糖与胶原的质量比为(3-4):(5-6):(2-3),优选3:5:2。所使用的壳聚糖的分子量为5000-10000000之间,PLGA的分子量为105-106之间,聚己内酯的分子量为105-106之间。纤维层优选为无取向纤维层。本文中所述PLGA为聚(丙交酯-乙交酯)共聚物。
上述妇科用盆底补片的制备方法包括如下步骤:步骤1:通过静电纺丝法制备聚柠檬酸酯-聚己内酯基层;步骤2:通过浸渍的方法在基层上涂覆柞蚕丝素蛋白、壳聚糖和多肽抗菌剂涂层;步骤3:将涂覆有涂层的基层卷在接收辊表面,通过静电纺丝在涂覆有涂层的基层一侧形成PLGA-壳聚糖-胶原纤维层;步骤4:裁剪,灭菌,得到妇科用盆底补片。
步骤1中所述基层的制备方法包括:(1)制备聚柠檬酸酯预聚体:按摩尔比1:1将柠檬酸和1,8-辛二醇加热反应至粉末完全熔融,然后在140℃-150℃下聚合45-50min,纯化后得到预聚体;(2)制备静电纺丝液:以三氟乙醇为溶剂,配制聚柠檬酸酯预聚体与聚己内酯的混合溶液;(3)静电纺丝:用上述溶液进行静电纺丝,从而得到聚柠檬酸酯-聚己内酯的静电纺丝层。所得到的静电纺丝层的孔隙率为90-96%;静电纺丝的操作条件为调节微量注射泵的速率为1~12.0毫升/小时,调节高压发生器的电压为15~45kV,调节接收装置的接收距离为15.0~30.0厘米,调节电纺针头的移动速度1~20厘米/秒。
步骤2中涂层的制备方法为:(1)制备柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液:将柞蚕丝在95~100℃环境下,置于含5g/L Na2CO3的溶液中脱胶3次,每次30min,浴比1:50;脱胶后得到柞蚕丝素纤维,60℃烘干;将柞蚕丝素纤维按浴比1:10置于饱和的LiSCN或LiBr溶液中,50℃±2℃下溶解70min,获得的柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液装入截留分子质量为8-10KDa的透析袋中,用去离子水透析3天,透析后过滤,制得质量体积比5%的柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液;或直接将柞蚕丝素蛋白溶解于饱和的LiSCN或LiBr溶液中按上述方法获得质量体积比5%的柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液;(2)制备壳聚糖溶液:称量壳聚糖,溶于乙酸溶液中,壳聚糖的质量体积比浓度为1%;(3)制备柞蚕丝素蛋白、壳聚糖和多肽抗菌剂的混合溶液:将质量体积比为5%的柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液缓慢加入到的壳聚糖溶液中,边加边搅拌,然后在溶液中加入多肽抗菌剂形成涂层溶液;(4)将基层浸入涂层溶液中,在35℃下浸泡30分钟后取出干燥30分钟,重复浸泡-干燥步骤3-5次得到涂覆有柞蚕丝素蛋白、壳聚糖和多肽抗菌剂涂层的基材。
步骤3中制备纤维层的方法为:将步骤2得到的涂覆有涂层的基材卷在接收辊表面,将PLGA、壳聚糖、胶原分别溶于乙酸溶液后混合得到混合溶液,将混合溶液装入静电纺丝注射器中,在包覆有涂层的基材的一侧制得无取向纤维层。此时静电纺丝的参数为调节微量注射泵的速率为10~12毫升/小时,调节高压发生器的电压为15~45kV,调节接收装置的接收距离为35.0~40.0厘米,调节电纺针头的移动速度1~20厘米/秒,接收辊转速为1500~1800圈/分。
步骤4中的灭菌方法可以为本领域常用的各种灭菌方法,例如Co60消毒,紫外线消毒等。
该妇科补片采用的原料均为生物相容性优异的材料。其中,聚柠檬酸酯(POC)是具有极佳弹性的可吸收材料,而且其合成过程对环境的要求不高,甚至在37℃,就可以合成,这使得POC材料可以和药物或者蛋白结合成为复合体。此外还可以根据需要调节力学强度和分解率,固有表面容易被细胞附着。聚己内酯有良好的生物相容性和力学性能,降解时间较慢,可以确保补片具有良好的力学强度。
柞蚕丝素蛋白是丝素蛋白的一种,但在绝大部分的丝素蛋白材料的研究或报道中,所用的原料都是家蚕丝。柞蚕丝素蛋白是由柞蚕丝腺内壁上的内皮细胞分泌的高纯度蛋白质,其氨基酸组成中以甘氨酸、丙氨酸和丝氨酸为主,具有良好的生物相容性,其本身及其降解产物对细胞和机体无毒,不会或较少引起炎症和免疫排斥反应。与家蚕丝素蛋白相比,柞蚕丝素蛋白分子中含有特殊的精氨酸-甘氨酸-天门冬氨酸(RGD)三肽序列。RGD序列作为细胞膜整合素受体与细胞外配体相结合的识别位点,介导细胞与细胞外基质及细胞之间的相互作用,能够促进细胞对于支架的识别及粘附。
ε-多聚赖氨酸、L-多聚精氨酸等多肽抗菌剂具有与纳米无机银、季铵盐等化学抗菌剂同样的抗菌与消炎作用,可水解病菌细胞壁不溶性黏多糖,也可与带负电荷的病毒蛋白直接结合使多种病毒失活,且这类抗菌肽稳定性较好,对高等动物的正常细胞几乎无毒害作用。
壳聚糖是甲壳素脱乙酰后产生的一种天然生物多糖,迄今是自然界唯一的碱性多糖,其自然资源十分丰富。由于具有优良的生物相容性、广谱抗菌性、促伤口愈合作用,且可以生物降解安全无毒。
PLGA-壳聚糖-胶原蛋白静电纺丝得到的纤维层为手术时接触阴道外壁的层,其无取向的结构符合阴道壁外层纤维层的结构特征,利于阴道壁和产品的结合。而另一面的涂层,手术时接触筋膜层。涂层的三种材料均具有优异的生物相容性,而多肽抗菌剂可以减少手术炎症反应的发生,涂层下的基层其模拟筋膜内细胞外基质中的胶原纤维排列方向,可以引导细胞生长,为细胞及其新分泌的细胞外基质提供定向骨架,从结构上尽可能模仿机体自身的组织结构。而常规电纺出来的纤维排列无序松散,导致电纺膜力学强度较差;与一些人体组织的有序结构相差很大,如肌纤维的排列等,表面细胞生长也无取向,无法满足盆底筋膜组织顺应性匹配要求。本申请采用了静电纺丝的方法,孔隙率大,纤维细而柔软,有利于细胞的长入和整个补片的弯曲。
本发明的补片具有如下有益效果:
(1)具有优异的生物相容性。本发明所使用原材料均为具有优异生物相容性的生物医用材料,使用抗菌肽替代常用的抗菌剂,将异物反应减少到最低,使用RGD三肽序列的柞蚕丝素蛋白促进细胞对于支架的识别及粘附,进而利于修复。
(2)具有良好的弯曲弹性和断裂强度,本发明使用具有极佳弹性的聚柠檬酸酯和降解时间较慢、力学性能优异的聚己内酯作为基底,为补片提供了良好的力学性能。
(3)独特的设计延长了整体的抗菌时间。涂层的一面接触筋膜层,起到抗菌作用。且随着时间的推移,涂层面脱落的同时纤维层也在降解,当外层涂层脱落无法起到抗菌作用时,纤维层内部的涂层慢慢暴露在外部,可以继续起到抗菌作用,减少炎症的发生。各层之间的相互配合延长了抗菌的时间。
(4)PLGA-壳聚糖-胶原静电纺丝得到的纤维层为手术时接触阴道外壁的层,其无取向的结构符合阴道壁外层纤维层的结构特征,可以引导细胞生长;而含有多肽抗菌剂的涂层接触筋膜层,可以减少手术炎症的发生。
(5)静电纺丝制备的得到的高孔隙率和多层特殊结构保障了补片既具有很好的力学弹性,又可以有效促进细胞的生长和机体的重建。
附图说明
图1是本发明盆底补片的示意图。其中,1为基层,2为涂层,3为纤维层。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体的实施例对本发明做进一步的阐述,但本发明并不限于此特定例子。
实施例1:
一种妇科用盆底补片的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤1:通过静电纺丝法制备聚柠檬酸酯-聚己内酯基层;
(1)制备聚柠檬酸酯预聚体:按摩尔比1:1将柠檬酸和1,8-辛二醇加入到容器中,在氮气保护下在油浴中加热至160℃,对其进行搅拌至粉末全部熔融;然后在140℃、常压下聚合45min,得到聚柠檬酸酯粗品;趁热迅速将预聚体移出,依次加入乙醇溶解聚柠檬酸酯粗品,并加入蒸馏水沉淀出聚柠檬酸酯,反复清洗数次以完全除去未反应的单体,从而得到较为纯净的聚柠檬酸酯。
(2)制备静电纺丝液:以三氟乙醇为溶剂,配制聚柠檬酸酯与PCL的混合溶液,聚柠檬酸酯与聚己内酯的比例为2:8。
(3)静电纺丝:用上述溶液进行静电纺丝,得到聚柠檬酸酯-聚己内酯的静电纺丝层,所得到的静电纺丝层的孔隙率为90%。静电纺丝的操作条件为调节微量注射泵的速率为1毫升/小时,调节高压发生器的电压为15~45kV,调节接收装置的接收距离为15.0厘米,调节电纺针头的移动速度1厘米/秒。
步骤2:通过浸渍的方法在基层上涂覆柞蚕丝素蛋白、壳聚糖和多肽抗菌剂涂层;
涂层的制备方法为:(1)制备柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液:将柞蚕丝在95~100℃环境下,置于含5g/L Na2CO3的溶液中脱胶3次,每次30min,浴比1:50;脱胶后得到柞蚕丝素纤维,60℃烘干;将柞蚕丝素纤维按浴比1:10置于饱和的LiSCN或LiBr溶液中,50℃±2℃下溶解70min,获得的柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液装入截留分子质量为8-10KDa的透析袋中,用去离子水透析3天,透析后过滤,制得柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液;该柞蚕丝素蛋白也可选择市售产品,溶解于饱和的LiSCN或LiBr溶液中按上述方法获得5%柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液。
(2)制备壳聚糖溶液:称量1g壳聚糖,溶于质量百分比浓度为1%的乙酸溶液中,壳聚糖的浓度为1%(质量体积比)。
(3)制备柞蚕丝素蛋白、壳聚糖和多肽抗菌剂的混合溶液:将5%(质量体积比)的柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液稀释到1%(质量体积比)后缓慢加入到的壳聚糖溶液中,边加边搅拌,然后在溶液中加入多肽抗菌剂;
(4)将基层浸入涂层溶液中,在35℃下浸泡30分钟后取出干燥30分钟,重复浸泡-干燥步骤3次,得到涂覆有涂层的基层;
步骤3:将涂覆有涂层的基层卷在接收辊表面,通过静电纺丝在涂覆有涂层的基层一侧形成PLGA-壳聚糖-胶原的纤维层。
设置PLGA-壳聚糖-胶原静电纺丝得到的无取向纤维层的方法为将上述包覆有涂层的基材卷在接收辊表面,将PLGA-壳聚糖的乙酸溶液装入静电纺丝注射器中,在包覆有涂层的基材的一侧制得纤维层。静电纺丝的参数为调节微量注射泵的速率为10毫升/小时,调节高压发生器的电压为15~45kV,调节接收装置的接收距离为35.0厘米,调节电纺针头的移动速度1厘米/秒,接收辊转速为1500圈/分。其中PLGA中LA与GA的嵌段比例为80:20。
步骤4:裁剪,灭菌,得到妇科用盆底补片。
本实施例中所使用的壳聚糖的分子量为1000000,PLGA共聚物的分子量为106,聚己内酯的分子量为5х105
实施例2:
一种妇科用盆底补片的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤1:通过静电纺丝法制备聚柠檬酸酯-聚己内酯基层;
(1)制备聚柠檬酸酯:按摩尔比1:1将柠檬酸和1,8-辛二醇加入到容器中,在氮气保护下在油浴中加热至160℃,对其进行搅拌至粉末全部熔融;然后在145℃、常压下聚合50min,得到聚柠檬酸酯粗品;趁热迅速将聚柠檬酸酯粗品移出,依次加入乙醇溶解,并加入蒸馏水沉淀出聚柠檬酸酯,反复清洗数次以完全除去未反应的单体,从而得到较为纯净的聚柠檬酸酯。
(2)制备静电纺丝液:以三氟乙醇为溶剂,配制聚柠檬酸酯与聚己内酯(PCL)的混合溶液,聚柠檬酸酯与聚己内酯的比例为5:5。
(3)静电纺丝:用上述溶液进行静电纺丝,得到聚柠檬酸酯-聚己内酯的静电纺丝层,所得到的静电纺丝层的孔隙率为94%。静电纺丝的操作条件为调节微量注射泵的速率为6毫升/小时,调节高压发生器的电压为15~45kV,调节接收装置的接收距离为20厘米,调节电纺针头的移动速度10厘米/秒。
步骤2:通过浸渍的方法在基层上涂覆柞蚕丝素蛋白、壳聚糖和多肽抗菌剂涂层;
涂层的制备方法为:(1)制备柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液:将柞蚕丝在95~100℃环境下,置于含5g/L Na2CO3的溶液中脱胶3次,每次30min,浴比1:50;脱胶后得到柞蚕丝素纤维,60℃烘干;将柞蚕丝素纤维按浴比1:10置于饱和的LiSCN或LiBr溶液中,50℃±2℃下溶解70min,获得的柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液装入截留分子质量为8-10KDa的透析袋中,用去离子水透析3天,透析后过滤,制得柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液;该柞蚕丝素蛋白也可选择市售产品,溶解于饱和的LiSCN或LiBr溶液中按上述方法获得5%柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液。
(2)制备壳聚糖溶液:称量1g壳聚糖,溶于质量百分比浓度为1%的乙酸溶液中,壳聚糖的浓度为1%(质量体积比)。
(3)制备柞蚕丝素蛋白、壳聚糖和多肽抗菌剂的混合溶液:将5%(质量体积比)的柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液稀释到1%(质量体积比)后缓慢加入到的壳聚糖溶液中,边加边搅拌,然后在溶液中加入多肽抗菌剂,混合均匀,得到涂层溶液。
(4)将基层浸入涂层溶液中,在35℃下浸泡30分钟后取出干燥30分钟,重复浸泡-干燥步骤4次,得到涂覆有涂层的基层。
步骤3:将涂覆有涂层的基层卷在接收辊表面,通过静电纺丝在涂覆有涂层的基层一侧形成PLGA-壳聚糖-胶原纤维层。
设置PLGA-壳聚糖-胶原静电纺丝得到的无取向纤维层的方法为将上述包覆有涂层的基材卷在接收辊表面,将PLGA-壳聚糖-胶原的乙酸溶液装入静电纺丝注射器中,在包覆有涂层的基材的一侧制得第一纤维层。静电纺丝的参数为调节微量注射泵的速率为11毫升/小时,调节高压发生器的电压为15~45kV,调节接收装置的接收距离为38厘米,调节电纺针头的移动速度10厘米/秒,接收辊转速为1600圈/分。其中PLGA中LA与GA的嵌段比例为50:50。
步骤4:裁剪,灭菌,得到妇科用盆底补片。
本实施例中所使用的壳聚糖的分子量为1000000,PLGA共聚物的分子量为106,聚己内酯的分子量为5х105
实施例3
一种妇科用盆底补片的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤1:通过静电纺丝法制备聚柠檬酸酯-聚己内酯基层;
(1)制备聚柠檬酸酯:按摩尔比1:1将柠檬酸和1,8-辛二醇加入到容器中,在氮气保护下在油浴中加热至160℃,对其进行搅拌至粉末全部熔融;然后在150℃、常压下聚合50min,得到聚柠檬酸酯粗品;趁热迅速将聚柠檬酸酯粗品移出,依次加入乙醇溶解聚柠檬酸酯粗品,并加入蒸馏水沉淀出聚柠檬酸酯,反复清洗数次以完全除去未反应的单体,从而得到较为纯净的聚柠檬酸酯。
(2)制备静电纺丝液:以三氟乙醇为溶剂,配制聚柠檬酸酯与聚己内酯(PCL)的混合溶液,与聚己内酯的比例为8:2。
(3)静电纺丝:用上述溶液进行静电纺丝,得到聚柠檬酸酯-聚己内酯的静电纺丝基层,所得到的静电纺丝层的孔隙率为96%。静电纺丝的操作条件为调节微量注射泵的速率为12.0毫升/小时,调节高压发生器的电压为15~45kV,调节接收装置的接收距离为30.0厘米,调节电纺针头的移动速度20厘米/秒。
步骤2:通过浸渍的方法在基层上涂覆柞蚕丝素蛋白、壳聚糖和多肽抗菌剂涂层:
涂层的制备方法为:(1)制备柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液:将柞蚕丝在95~100℃环境下,置于含5g/L Na2CO3的溶液中脱胶3次,每次30min,浴比1:50;脱胶后得到柞蚕丝素纤维,60℃烘干;将柞蚕丝素纤维按浴比1:10置于饱和的LiSCN或LiBr溶液中,50℃±2℃下溶解70min,获得的柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液装入截留分子质量为8-10KDa的透析袋中,用去离子水透析3天,透析后过滤,制得柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液;该柞蚕丝素蛋白也可选择市售产品,溶解于饱和的LiSCN或LiBr溶液中按上述方法获得5%柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液。
(2)制备壳聚糖溶液:称量1g壳聚糖,溶于质量百分比浓度为1%的乙酸溶液中,壳聚糖的浓度为1%(质量体积比)。
(3)制备柞蚕丝素蛋白、壳聚糖和多肽抗菌剂的混合溶液:将5%(质量体积比)的柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液稀释到1%(质量体积比)后缓慢加入到的壳聚糖溶液中,边加边搅拌,然后在溶液中加入多肽抗菌剂。
(4)将基层浸入涂层溶液中,在35℃下浸泡30分钟后取出干燥30分钟,重复浸泡-干燥步骤5次,得到涂敷有涂层的基卷。
步骤3:将涂覆有涂层的基层卷在接收辊表面,通过静电纺丝在涂覆有涂层的基层一侧形成PLGA-壳聚糖-胶原的无取向纤维层,从而得到补片。
设置PLGA-壳聚糖-胶原静电纺丝得到的无取向纤维层的方法为将上述包覆有涂层的基材卷在接收辊表面,将PLGA-壳聚糖的乙酸溶液装入静电纺丝注射器中,在包覆有涂层的基材的一侧制得第一纤维层。静电纺丝的参数为调节微量注射泵的速率为12毫升/小时,调节高压发生器的电压为15~45kV,调节接收装置的接收距离为40.0厘米,调节电纺针头的移动速度20厘米/秒,接收辊转速为1800圈/分。其中PLGA中LA与GA的嵌段比例为20:80。
步骤4:裁剪,灭菌,得到妇科用盆底补片。
本实施例中所使用的壳聚糖的分子量为1000000,PLGA共聚物的分子量为106,聚己内酯的分子量为5х105
对实施例1-3的盆底补片的力学性能和抗菌性能进行了如下测试:
参照GBT 1976-2005标准,选用电子织物强力仪HD026H200测试补片顶破强度;选用电子织物强力仪HD026H200测试补片的纵横向拉伸强度和断裂伸长率(测试尺寸为80mm×20mm,隔距选用60mm)。补片的各项参数如表1所示。
表1:实施例1-3制备补片的各项参数
Figure BDA0003055277280000091
由表1的数据可知,补片具有良好的各项力学性能,可以满足妇科补片在力学方面的要求,而其高孔隙率也有助于细胞的长入和伤口的恢复。
采用振荡法对制得的盆底补片进行抗菌试验,通过对含有盆底补片试样的溶液在振荡前和振荡18h后的金黄色葡萄球菌浓度进行分别测定,并以此计算抑菌率,用于表征制得的盆底补片的抗菌性能。实施例1-3的补片在不同时间的抑菌率见表2所示。
表2:补片的抗菌性能
Figure BDA0003055277280000092
Figure BDA0003055277280000101
由表2可知,补片的抗菌性能随着时间推移,并无明显下降,保持了较长时间的抗菌效果,可以有效减少术后炎症反应的发生。
本领域的技术人员容易理解,以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
还需要说明的是,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、商品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、商品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括要素的过程、方法、商品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上仅为本申请的实施例而已,并不用于限制本申请。对于本领域技术人员来说,本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原理之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的权利要求范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种妇科用盆底补片,其特征在于,该补片由基层、涂层和纤维层组成,基层为聚柠檬酸酯-聚己内酯制备的静电纺丝层;所述基层采用涂层包覆,所述涂层由柞蚕丝素蛋白、壳聚糖和多肽抗菌剂组成;在包覆有涂层的基层的一侧设置有PLGA-壳聚糖-胶原混合溶液静电纺丝得到的纤维层;其中,聚柠檬酸酯-聚己内酯制备的静电纺丝层中聚柠檬酸酯与聚己内酯的质量比为(2-8):(8-2),柞蚕丝素蛋白、壳聚糖和多肽抗菌剂的混合物涂层中柞蚕丝素蛋白、壳聚糖和多肽抗菌剂的质量比为(30-40):(50-60):(3-5),纤维层中PLGA、壳聚糖与胶原的质量比为(3-4):(5-6):(2-3)。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种妇科用盆底补片,其特征在于所述多肽抗菌剂为ε-多聚赖氨酸或L-多聚精氨酸。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种妇科用盆底补片,其特征在于PLGA、壳聚糖与胶原的质量比为3:5:2。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种妇科用盆底补片,其特征在于所使用的壳聚糖的分子量为5000-10000000之间,PLGA共聚物的分子量为105-106之间,聚己内酯的分子量为105-106之间。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种妇科用盆底补片的制备方法,其特征在于:该方法包括如下步骤:步骤1:通过静电纺丝法制备聚柠檬酸酯-聚己内酯基层;步骤2:通过浸渍的方法在基层上制备柞蚕丝素蛋白、壳聚糖和多肽抗菌剂涂层;步骤3:将涂覆有涂层的基层卷在接收辊表面,通过静电纺丝在涂覆有涂层的基层一侧形成PLGA-壳聚糖-胶原纤维层;步骤4:裁剪,灭菌,得到妇科用盆底补片。
6.如权利要求5所述的一种妇科用盆底补片的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1中基层的制备方法包括:(1)制备聚柠檬酸酯:按摩尔比1:1将柠檬酸和1,8-辛二醇加热反应至粉末完全熔融,然后在140℃-150℃下聚合45-50min,纯化后得到聚柠檬酸酯;(2)制备静电纺丝液:以三氟乙醇为溶剂,配制聚柠檬酸酯与聚己内酯的混合溶液;(3)静电纺丝:用上述溶液进行静电纺丝,从而得到聚柠檬酸酯-聚己内酯的静电纺丝层。
7.如权利要求6所述的一种妇科用盆底补片的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1所得到的静电纺丝层的孔隙率为90-96%;静电纺丝的操作条件为调节微量注射泵的速率为1~12.0毫升/小时,调节高压发生器的电压为15~45kV,调节接收装置的接收距离为15.0~30.0厘米,调节电纺针头的移动速度1~20厘米/秒。
8.如权利要求5所述的一种妇科用盆底补片的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤2中涂层的制备方法为:(1)制备柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液:将柞蚕丝在95~100℃环境下,置于含5g/L Na2CO3的溶液中脱胶3次,每次30min,浴比1:50;脱胶后得到柞蚕丝素纤维,60℃烘干;将柞蚕丝素纤维按浴比1:10置于饱和的LiSCN或LiBr溶液中,50℃±2℃下溶解70min,获得的柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液装入截留分子质量为8-10KDa的透析袋中,用去离子水透析3天,透析后过滤,制得质量体积比5%的柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液;或直接将柞蚕丝素蛋白溶解于饱和的LiSCN或LiBr溶液中按上述方法获得质量体积比5%的柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液;(2)制备壳聚糖溶液:称量壳聚糖,溶于乙酸溶液中,壳聚糖的质量体积比浓度为1%;(3)制备柞蚕丝素蛋白、壳聚糖和多肽抗菌剂的混合溶液:将质量体积比为5%的柞蚕丝素蛋白溶液缓慢加入到壳聚糖溶液中,边加边搅拌,然后在溶液中加入多肽抗菌剂形成涂层溶液;(4)将基层浸入涂层溶液中,在35℃下浸泡30分钟后取出干燥30分钟,重复浸泡-干燥步骤3-5次得到涂覆有柞蚕丝素蛋白、壳聚糖和多肽抗菌剂涂层的基材。
9.如权利要求5所述的一种妇科用盆底补片的制备方法,其特征在于:将步骤2得到的涂覆有涂层的基材卷在接收辊表面,将PLGA、壳聚糖、胶原分别溶于乙酸溶液后混合得到混合溶液,将混合溶液装入静电纺丝注射器中,通过静电纺丝法在包覆有涂层的基材的一侧制得纤维层。
10.如权利要求9所述的一种妇科用盆底补片的制备方法,其特征在于:静电纺丝的参数为调节微量注射泵的速率为10~12毫升/小时,调节高压发生器的电压为15~45kV,调节接收装置的接收距离为35.0~40.0厘米,调节电纺针头的移动速度1~20厘米/秒,接收辊转速为1500~1800圈/分。
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