CN113204736A - Method, system, medium and equipment for real-time monitoring and prediction of forest fire danger - Google Patents
Method, system, medium and equipment for real-time monitoring and prediction of forest fire danger Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for real-time monitoring, predicting and forecasting of forest fire danger, which comprises the following steps: s1: collecting fire risk factor real-time data: the fire risk factor real-time data is collected through a basic database and the fire risk factor real-time data is collected through a field collection system; s2: calculating to obtain the forest fire danger grade: and combining forest resource information, forest fire historical data information and the fire risk factor real-time data collected in the S1 to obtain a forest fire risk grade. The invention adds real-time data of fire risk factors in the forest, particularly relates to real-time data of combustible materials, constructs an all-weather, three-dimensional and omnibearing forest fire real-time early warning and monitoring system, improves the capability of preventing and extinguishing forest fire, is favorable for finding the fire as soon as possible and has quick response. The invention also provides a system, a computer readable storage medium and equipment based on the forest fire danger real-time monitoring and forecasting method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forest fire prevention and control, in particular to a method, a system, a medium and equipment for real-time monitoring, predicting and forecasting of forest fire danger.
Background
In the aspect of forest fire monitoring, current forest fire monitoring modes at home and abroad mainly comprise ground patrol, mountain lookout, aerial patrol and satellite monitoring, and the forest fire monitoring modes respectively have advantages and disadvantages: the ground patrol flexibility is higher, but the system is too dependent on manpower and experience, some current patrol sensing networks or GPS tracking patrol systems have certain effect on supervising and urging forest keepers to patrol mountains, but because the ground patrol is not continuously observed, the probability that the forest fire at the initial stage cannot be found is very high; the mountain lookout tower can automatically acquire forest fire data according to equipment such as videos and infrared fire detection, all forest fire monitoring lookout towers in developed countries such as the United states and Germany realize automatic monitoring, but the automatic forest fire identification has the problem that the identification efficiency, the identification distance and the identification rate are difficult to be considered, the smoke detection identification needs long-time multi-frame image comparison for improving the identification rate, the infrared flame identification can only identify the maximum distance of 3 ㎞ due to radiation attenuation, the infrared fire point identification is high in efficiency, but the false alarm rate is high, and in addition, the problems of reasonable point distribution, cost reduction and the like need to be solved in the video monitoring; the air patrol is a monitoring mode widely adopted by extensive countries such as Russia, Australia and the like, large-range forest fire information can be obtained in a short time, but the large flight cost is often needed, local forestry mechanisms are often difficult to support, in recent years, unmanned aerial vehicle forest fire monitoring is already applied to a certain extent, but research is still needed in the aspects of system stability, transmission distance, prolongation of endurance time and the like; the satellite monitoring adopts meteorological satellites with very low spatial resolution at present, the technology of monitoring with MODIS data is being developed, the spatial resolution of the MODIS data is only hundreds of meters, the satellite monitoring system is only suitable for monitoring hot spots, accurate monitoring of a fire scene with a small area in the south is difficult, the satellite with high spatial resolution has a large delay processing process, real-time monitoring is difficult to achieve, and the satellite monitoring system is only suitable for assessment of the fire area and loss after disasters. With the development of computer collaborative work (CSCW) technology and in view of the respective characteristics of forest fire monitoring systems, many experts have recently proposed to establish a variety of forest fire monitoring collaborative systems, mainly focusing on a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) CSCW system, and the research on forest fire collaborative monitoring systems has become one of the hotspots of international forest fire monitoring research, but no mature collaborative monitoring system has appeared so far.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the method, the system, the medium and the equipment for real-time monitoring, predicting and forecasting of forest fire danger are provided.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, a method for real-time monitoring and forecasting of forest fire danger comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting fire risk factor data;
s2: calculating to obtain forest fire danger grades; and calculating and processing the fire risk factor data to obtain a comprehensive forest fire risk score value, and comparing the comprehensive forest fire risk score value with a standard forest fire risk zoning grade score to obtain a forest fire risk grade.
Further, the fire risk factor data includes: the fire risk factor data is collected through a basic data system and the fire risk factor real-time data is collected through a field collection system; the basic data system comprises existing databases, such as an atmosphere live information base of a meteorological observation network and the like, and an existing forest fire danger monitoring database based on meteorological factors.
The fire risk factor data collected by the base database comprises: the forest fire prevention period comprises one or more of the average monthly air temperature in the forest fire prevention period, the average monthly precipitation in the forest fire prevention period, the average monthly wind speed in the forest fire prevention period, the road network density, the population density, the forest stand combustion category, the forest fire historical data and the like. The forest fire prevention period is a forest fire prevention period of each region, for example, the forest fire prevention period of china includes: a spring forest fire prevention period of 3 months 15 to 6 months 15 and an autumn forest fire prevention period of 9 months 15 to 11 months 15 each year.
The real-time data of the fire risk factors comprises: one or more of temperature, wind speed, precipitation, humidity, wind direction, air pressure, surface combustible type, surface combustible loading capacity, surface combustible water content, fire source information and the like.
Further, the specific method for calculating the forest fire risk level comprises the following steps: carrying out grading weighting value on the fire risk factors; calculating the sum of the weights of the fire risk factors according to the collected fire risk factor data; respectively calculating the following three comprehensive score values: (1) the sum of the weights of the fire risk factors is multiplied by the sum of the areas of the forested land, the shrubbery land and the non-forested land; (2) the sum of the fire risk factor weights is multiplied by the total accumulation of the standing trees; (3) the sum of the fire risk factor weights is multiplied by YGW%, and the YGW% is the ratio of the sum of the areas of the forested land, the shrubbery land and the forested non-forested land to the total area of the area;
and obtaining the forest fire danger grade according to the three comprehensive scores and the standard score. The areas of the forested land, the shrubbery land and the non-forested land are from a forest resource distribution database.
Further, specifically, the calculation processing of the collected fire risk factor data includes:
1. adopting a forest fire factor weight method, firstly, grading the weighted value of each collected fire factor;
2. calculating the sum of the weights of the forest fire risk factors according to the actual values of the fire risk factors;
3. and (3) calculating a comprehensive score value: respectively multiplying the sum of the forest fire risk factor weights by the sum of the areas of forested land, shrubbery land and forestation land of the zoning area, and respectively obtaining three comprehensive score values of the total accumulation amount and YGW% of the standing trees; the areas of the forested land, the shrubbery land and the non-forested land are from a forest resource distribution database;
4. and according to the three comprehensive scores and the standard scores, taking the fire risk grade with a high corresponding value as the forest fire risk grade of the region.
Further, the weight of the fire risk factor is: the method comprises the following steps of (1) one or more of 10% of temperature, 10% of wind speed, 20% of precipitation, 15% of humidity, 3% of wind direction, 2% of air pressure, 5% of surface combustible type, 10% of surface combustible capacity, 20% of surface combustible water content and 5% of fire source information.
If the region has a national scenic spot, a natural protection area and a forest park, the fire danger level can be improved by one level after the approval of national forest fire prevention administration departments.
Further, the method for real-time monitoring and forecasting of forest fire risk further comprises S3: when the forest fire danger level calculated in the step S2 reaches three levels or more, the following operations are performed:
s31: and generating related forecast information according to the forest fire danger grade information obtained in the step S2. Instructing the relevant entity to take preventative action;
s32: and transmitting the forest fire danger grade information obtained in the step S2 to a key forest area early warning system.
Further, the forecast information in S31 includes: forest fire risk forecasting, forest fire prevention and control auxiliary reports and the like.
Further, the S32 further includes:
s321: associating a large-scale geographic information base of key forest zones to generate forest fire behavior forecast; and/or
S322: associating the large-scale geographical information base of the key forest area with the fire source information collected in the S1 to generate a forest fire occurrence forecast; and/or
S323: and associating the lightning monitoring and positioning system to generate a lightning stroke fire occurrence forecast.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a real-time monitoring, predicting and forecasting system for forest fire danger, comprising:
fire risk factor acquisition system: the fire risk factor data acquisition module is used for acquiring fire risk factor data;
forest basic information database: the method is used for providing the basic information of the forest resources of each plot. The basic information comprises position information, scale, forest type, historical fire information, forest land, shrub land, non-forested forestation land area and the like;
fire risk grade forecasting module: and calculating to generate forest fire danger grade information and/or forecast information based on the data information provided by the fire danger factor acquisition system and the forest basic information database. The forecast information comprises forecast information such as forest fire danger forecast and forest fire prevention and control auxiliary report.
The fire risk factor acquisition system transmits acquired fire risk factor real-time data to the fire risk grade forecasting module; and the forest basic information database shares the owned information data with the fire risk grade forecasting module.
Further, the fire risk factor acquisition system comprises an under forest combustible data module and a meteorological data module.
Further, the under forest combustible data in the under forest combustible data module is derived from information acquisition stations distributed in each forest.
Further, the meteorological data in the meteorological data module are derived from fire monitoring stations distributed in various forests and meteorological bureau databases in various places.
Further, the forest basic information database comprises a forest resource distribution database and a forest fire history data database.
Furthermore, the real-time forest fire danger monitoring, predicting and forecasting system also comprises a key forest area early warning module; the key forest region early warning module is associated with at least one of a key forest region large-scale geographic information base, the fire risk factor acquisition system and the lightning monitoring and positioning system; the key forest area early warning module can collect and share data information of the key forest area early warning module and is used for generating forest fire occurrence forecast and/or generating forest fire behavior forecast and/or lightning fire occurrence forecast.
Furthermore, the real-time forest fire monitoring, predicting and forecasting system further comprises an information publishing module, and the key forest area early warning module and the fire risk grade forecasting module can publish the generated early warning and forecasting information through the information publishing module.
In a third aspect, a computer-readable storage medium stores at least one program which, when executed, enables any of the steps of the forest fire risk real-time monitoring and prediction forecasting method described in any one of the above.
In a fourth aspect, a forest fire real-time monitoring and forecasting device comprises a storage device and a processor, wherein the storage device is used for storing one or more programs;
when the one or more programs are executed by the processor, the processor can implement any of the steps of the forest fire real-time monitoring and forecasting method as described in any of the above.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the real-time monitoring, predicting and forecasting method, the system, the equipment and the computer readable storage medium for forest fire danger of the invention add real-time data of fire danger factors in forests, particularly relate to real-time data of combustible materials, construct an all-weather, three-dimensional and all-around real-time forest fire early warning and monitoring system, strengthen a forest fire prevention system, rapidly improve the capability of preventing and extinguishing forest fire, furthest reduce economic loss caused by forest fire and damage and social influence on ecological environment, are favorable for finding fire conditions as early as possible and rapidly respond.
The invention refines and perfects all levels of forecasting systems, carries out targeted early warning and forecasting on the important forest regions when the fire danger level is more than 3 levels, and further subdivides the forest fire occurrence, the lightning fire occurrence and the forest fire behavior.
The forest fire danger real-time monitoring and forecasting method simultaneously plays a role in localization of forest fire early warning and forecasting, real-time collection of forest fire danger factors can reflect actual conditions of forest zones accurately in real time, and different analyses can be performed aiming at different forest resource structures, different forest zones and surrounding environments (including human activities), different climates and the like in different areas, so that prevention and control plans and suppression plans made by related departments according to reports are more targeted, and the accuracy is higher.
For a better understanding and practice, the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments thereof.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a main flow chart of the method for real-time monitoring and forecasting of forest fire of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a main flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the method for real-time monitoring and forecasting of forest fire of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the forest fire real-time monitoring and forecasting system of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of the forest fire real-time monitoring and forecasting system.
Description of reference numerals:
100. a fire risk factor acquisition system; 200. a forest basic information database; 300. a fire risk grade forecasting module; 400. and a key forest area early warning module.
Detailed Description
The terms of orientation of up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom, and the like, referred to or may be referred to in this specification, are defined relative to their configuration, and are relative concepts. Therefore, it may be changed according to different positions and different use states. Therefore, these and other directional terms should not be construed as limiting terms.
The implementations described in the exemplary embodiments below are not intended to represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used in the present disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. As used in this disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for real-time monitoring, predicting and forecasting of forest fire danger of the present invention includes:
s1: collecting fire risk factor data information;
the fire risk factor data information comprises: the fire risk factor data is collected through a basic data system and the fire risk factor real-time data is collected through a field collection system; the basic data system comprises existing databases, such as an atmosphere live information base of a meteorological observation network and the like, and an existing forest fire danger monitoring database based on meteorological factors.
The fire risk factor data collected by the base database comprises: one or more of the average monthly air temperature in the forest fire prevention period, the average monthly precipitation in the forest fire prevention period, the average monthly wind speed in the forest fire prevention period, the road network density, the population density, the forest stand combustion category, the forest fire historical data and the like; the forest fire prevention period is a forest fire prevention period of each region, for example, the forest fire prevention period of china includes: a spring forest fire prevention period of 3 months 15 to 6 months 15 and an autumn forest fire prevention period of 9 months 15 to 11 months 15 each year.
The real-time data of the fire risk factors comprises: one or more of temperature, wind speed, precipitation, humidity, wind direction, air pressure, surface combustible type, surface combustible loading capacity, surface combustible water content, fire source information and the like.
S2: and calculating to obtain the forest fire danger level.
The specific prediction process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1. adopting a forest fire factor weight method, firstly, grading weighted values of all fire factors collected in S1;
2. calculating the sum of the weights of the forest fire risk factors according to the actual values of the fire risk factors;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: the method for calculating the sum of the forest fire risk factor weights comprises the following steps: checking the actual values of the fire risk factors with the grade distances in the table 1, and accumulating corresponding weights to obtain the sum of the weights;
3. and (3) calculating a comprehensive score value: multiplying the sum of the forest fire risk factor weights by the sum of areas of forested land, shrub land and non-forested land in the zoning area respectively to obtain three comprehensive score values, wherein the total accumulation of the standing trees and YGW% (the ratio of the sum of the areas of the forested land, the shrub land and the non-forested land to the total area of the area) respectively obtain three values; the areas of the forested land, the shrubbery land and the non-forested land are from a forest resource distribution database;
4. and comparing the standard scores in the table 2 according to the three comprehensive scores, and taking the fire risk grade with a high corresponding value as the forest fire risk grade of the region.
If the region has a national scenic spot, a natural protection area and a forest park, the fire danger level can be improved by one level after the approval of national forest fire prevention administration departments.
TABLE 1 forest fire risk factor weight table
TABLE 2 fire hazard class threshold table
Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the method for real-time monitoring and forecasting of forest fire further includes S3: when the forest fire risk level calculated in step S2 is higher than three levels (including three levels), the following operations are performed:
s31: generating related forecast information according to the forest fire danger grade information obtained in the step S2, and guiding related units to take preventive action;
s32: and transmitting the forest fire danger grade information obtained in the step S2 to a key forest area early warning system.
Preferably, in S31, the forecast information includes, but is not limited to: forecasting high forest fire danger, and auxiliary reporting for forest fire prevention and control. The report name of the forest fire prevention and control auxiliary report is not limited to the report type, and the forest fire prevention and control auxiliary report is an auxiliary analysis report which has reference significance for formulating specific schemes or plans for preventing and controlling and extinguishing forest fires. The reports are used for guiding relevant units nearby in the forest area to make a preparation scheme for fire prevention and fire fighting in time and take fire prevention measures.
Preferably, after the forest fire danger level information is transmitted to the key forest area early warning system in S32, the method further includes:
s321: combining a large-scale geographic information base of key forest zones to generate forest fire behavior forecast; and/or
S322: combining the large-scale geographical information base of the key forest area and the fire source information collected in the S1 to generate a forest fire occurrence forecast; and/or
S323: and associating the lightning monitoring and positioning system to generate a lightning stroke fire occurrence forecast.
The real-time monitoring, predicting and forecasting method for forest fire danger adds real-time data of fire danger factors in forests, particularly relates to real-time data of combustible substances, can perform real-time early warning and monitoring on forest fire in an all-weather, three-dimensional and all-around manner, strengthens a forest fire prevention system, rapidly improves the capability of preventing and extinguishing forest fire, reduces economic loss caused by forest fire and damage and social influence on ecological environment to the maximum extent, is favorable for finding fire situations as soon as possible and rapidly responds.
Referring to fig. 3, the present invention further provides a real-time monitoring, predicting and forecasting system for forest fire danger, comprising:
fire risk factor acquisition system 100: the fire risk factor data acquisition module is used for acquiring fire risk factor data;
forest essential information database 200: the system is used for providing basic information of forest resources of each area, such as position information, scale, forest type, historical fire information, forested land and shrub land, non-forested land area and the like;
fire risk grade forecasting module 300: based on various received basic data from the fire risk factor acquisition system and the forest basic information database, performing standard operation through preset forest fire risk grade division to obtain a forest fire risk grade, and then generating forest fire risk grade information, forest fire risk forecast, forest fire prevention and control auxiliary reports and the like according to requirements;
the fire risk factor collecting system 100 transmits the collected fire risk factor real-time data to the fire risk level forecasting module 300; the forest essential information database 200 shares all the information data thereof with the fire rate forecasting module 300.
In some embodiments, the fire risk factor collection system 100 includes an under forest combustible data module, a meteorological data module.
In some embodiments, the under forest combustible data in the under forest combustible data module is derived from information collection stations distributed in each forest.
In some embodiments, the meteorological data in the meteorological data module is derived from fire monitoring stations distributed in various forests and meteorological bureau databases at various locations.
In some embodiments, the forest essential information database 200 includes a forest resource distribution database and a forest fire history database.
Preferably, in order to increase the real-time performance of the data obtained by the fire risk level forecasting module 300 from the fire risk factor collecting system 100 and the forest basic information database 200 and reduce the delay caused by data transmission, the transmission systems between the fire risk level forecasting module 300 and the fire risk factor collecting system 100 and between the fire risk level forecasting module 300 and the forest basic information database 200 are special lines with the bandwidth not less than 10M. Based on the same purpose, the transmission system between the fire monitoring station and the weather bureau database in the forest and the fire risk factor acquisition system 100 is a dedicated line with the bandwidth not less than 2M.
In some embodiments, the real-time forest fire risk monitoring and forecasting system further comprises an important forest area early warning module 400; the key forest region early warning module 400 receives fire risk level information transmitted by the fire risk level forecasting module 300, and meanwhile, the key forest region early warning module 400 collects information from at least one of a key forest region large-scale geographic information base, the fire risk factor collecting system and a lightning monitoring and positioning system, and generates forest fire occurrence forecast and/or forest fire behavior forecast and/or lightning stroke fire occurrence forecast by combining the collected information.
In some embodiments, the real-time forest fire monitoring and forecasting system further includes an information publishing module, and both the key forest area early warning module 400 and the fire risk level forecasting module 300 can publish the early warning and forecasting information generated by the key forest area early warning module through the information publishing module. The information release module mainly refers to an information release terminal which is released by a group except a related management department and has no authority setting; the related management department can directly acquire various original data and the generated series early warning forecast information in the system at the system background through the authority setting, and can also check or acquire the related information through the information issuing terminal.
The invention also discloses a computer readable storage medium which stores at least one program, and when the program is executed by a processor, the real-time forest fire danger monitoring and forecasting method is realized.
It should be appreciated that the computer-readable storage medium is any data storage device that can store data or programs which can thereafter be read by a computer system. Examples of computer-readable storage media include: read-only memory, random access memory, CD-ROM, HDD, DVD, magnetic tape, optical data storage devices, and the like.
The computer readable storage medium can also be distributed over network coupled computer systems so that the computer readable code is stored and executed in a distributed fashion.
Program code embodied on a computer readable storage medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wire, fiber optic cable, Radio Frequency (RF), etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
In some embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium may also be non-transitory.
The invention also discloses a real-time forest fire danger monitoring and forecasting device, which comprises a storage device and a processor, wherein the storage device is used for storing one or more programs;
when the one or more programs are executed by the processor, the processor implements the forest fire risk real-time monitoring and forecasting method as described above.
The device may also preferably include a communication interface for communicating with external devices and for interactive transmission of data.
It should be noted that the memory may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a nonvolatile memory (nonvolatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.
In a specific implementation, if the memory, the processor and the communication interface are integrated on a chip, the memory, the processor and the communication interface can complete mutual communication through the internal interface. If the memory, the processor and the communication interface are implemented independently, the memory, the processor and the communication interface may be connected to each other through a bus and perform communication with each other.
Application embodiment mode
Specifically, the method principle and the process for the real-time monitoring, predicting and forecasting of the forest fire danger by using the optimal structure of the real-time monitoring, predicting and forecasting system of the forest fire danger are shown.
Referring to fig. 4, the path is illustrated from bottom to top of fig. 4, as indicated by the arrows:
the forest fire risk factor acquisition station is arranged in each forest area, the data sources of the forest fire risk factor acquisition station comprise a detection device buried in a forest, an acquisition device arranged at a monitoring station, handheld detectors of workers in the forest of each forest area and the like, the forest fire risk factor acquisition station is mainly used for acquiring combustible information in the forest, and a soil water content condition monitoring device can be additionally arranged to acquire soil information. The real-time forest fire factor acquisition station transmits the acquired data to an under-forest combustible distribution database (fire factor acquisition system).
The forest fire danger monitoring stations are also arranged in all forest zones, monitor the forest zone weather in real time, and transmit the real-time forest zone weather data to a weather data database (fire danger factor acquisition system). Meanwhile, the meteorological data database is also related to meteorological databases (meteorological observation networks) of all meteorological offices to acquire atmospheric real-time data.
And the data of the under-forest combustible material distribution database, the data of the meteorological data database, forest fire historical data (forest basic information database) including forest fire scheduling information and forest resource distribution data (forest basic information database) are collected in the forest fire danger grade forecasting module. The forest fire danger grade forecasting module integrates the information to divide the grade of the forest fire danger division according to the relevant standard of the grade of the forest fire danger division, forecasts the grade of the forest fire danger, generates a high forest fire danger forecast, a forest fire prevention and control assistant decision report and the like according to needs, and can also issue the generated early warning forecast information through the information issuing module if needed.
And when the obtained forest fire danger level reaches more than three levels (including three levels), sharing the forest fire danger level information and other data to a key forest area early warning center (a key forest area early warning module).
The key forest region early warning center is combined with a key forest region large-scale geographic information base to generate forest fire behavior forecast; the key forest region early warning center combines a key forest region large-scale geographic information base and fire source information to generate forest fire occurrence forecast; the key forest area early warning center is combined with a lightning monitoring and positioning system to generate lightning stroke fire occurrence forecast. If necessary, the early warning forecast information generated by the early warning center of the key forest area can be published through the information publishing module.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for real-time monitoring and forecasting of forest fire danger is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: collecting fire risk factor data;
s2: calculating to obtain the forest fire danger grade: and calculating and processing the fire risk factor data to obtain a comprehensive forest fire risk score value, and comparing the comprehensive forest fire risk score value with a standard forest fire risk zoning grade score to obtain a forest fire risk grade.
2. A method of forest fire real-time monitoring and prediction forecasting according to claim 1, characterized in that the fire factor data includes fire factor data collected by a basic data system and fire factor real-time data collected by a field collection system;
the fire risk factor data collected by the base database includes: one or more of the average monthly air temperature in the forest fire prevention period, the average monthly precipitation in the forest fire prevention period, the average monthly wind speed in the forest fire prevention period, the road network density, the population density, the forest stand combustion category and the forest fire historical data;
the fire risk factor real-time data comprises: one or more of temperature, wind speed, precipitation, humidity, wind direction, air pressure, surface combustible type, surface combustible loading capacity, surface combustible moisture content and fire source information.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the specific method of calculating forest fire ratings includes:
carrying out grading weighting value on the fire risk factors;
calculating the sum of the weights of the fire risk factors according to the collected fire risk factor data;
respectively calculating the following three comprehensive score values: (1) the sum of the weights of the fire risk factors is multiplied by the sum of the areas of the forested land, the shrubbery land and the non-forested land; (2) the sum of the fire risk factor weights is multiplied by the total accumulation of the standing trees; (3) the sum of the fire risk factor weights is multiplied by YGW%, and the YGW% is the ratio of the sum of the areas of the forested land, the shrubbery land and the forested non-forested land to the total area of the area;
and obtaining the forest fire danger grade according to the three comprehensive scores and the standard score.
4. A method for real-time forest fire monitoring and prediction forecasting according to claim 2, characterized in that the fire risk factors are weighted as follows: the method comprises the following steps of (1) one or more of 10% of temperature, 10% of wind speed, 20% of precipitation, 15% of humidity, 3% of wind direction, 2% of air pressure, 5% of surface combustible type, 10% of surface combustible capacity, 20% of surface combustible water content and 5% of fire source information.
5. A method for forest fire real-time monitoring and prediction forecasting according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the method for forest fire real-time monitoring and prediction forecasting further comprises S3: when the forest fire danger level calculated in the step S2 reaches three levels or more, the following operations are carried out:
s31: generating forecast information according to the forest fire danger grade obtained in the S2;
s32: and transmitting the forest fire danger grade information obtained in the step S2 to a key forest area early warning system.
6. A method for real-time monitoring and prediction of forest fire risk as claimed in claim 5, wherein the forecast information in S31 includes: forest fire danger forecast and forest fire prevention and control auxiliary report.
7. The method for real-time monitoring and forecasting of forest fire risk as claimed in claim 5, wherein said S32 further includes:
s321: associating a large-scale geographic information base of key forest zones to generate forest fire behavior forecast; and/or
S322: associating the large-scale geographical information base of the key forest area with the fire source information collected in the S1 to generate a forest fire occurrence forecast; and/or
S323: and associating the lightning monitoring and positioning system to generate a lightning stroke fire occurrence forecast.
8. A real-time monitoring and forecasting system for forest fire danger is characterized by comprising the following components:
fire risk factor acquisition system: the fire risk factor data acquisition module is used for acquiring fire risk factor data;
forest basic information database: the system is used for providing basic information of forest resources;
fire risk grade forecasting module: calculating to generate forest fire danger grade information and/or forecast information based on data information provided by the fire danger factor acquisition system and the forest basic information database;
the fire risk factor acquisition system transmits acquired fire risk factor real-time data to the fire risk grade forecasting module; and the forest basic information database shares the owned information data with the fire risk grade forecasting module.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that it stores at least one program which, when executed, enables any of the steps of the forest fire risk real-time monitoring and prediction forecasting method according to any of claims 1 to 7.
10. A real-time forest fire risk monitoring and forecasting device is characterized by comprising a storage device and a processor, wherein the storage device is used for storing one or more programs;
the one or more programs, when executed by the processor, enable any of the steps of the forest fire risk real-time monitoring and prediction forecasting method of any of claims 1 to 7.
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