CN113203844B - Water source heat pump recharging process chemical blockage verification test device - Google Patents
Water source heat pump recharging process chemical blockage verification test device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种水源热泵回灌过程化学堵塞验证试验装置，试验装置包括：循环水箱、蠕动泵、回灌冷却水箱、低温恒温水槽、水平渗流砂柱、加热板、温度传感器、测压管、取样口、进出水闸阀等。本发明中设计了一套试验装置用于实现对水源热泵回灌过程在含水砂层中的运行模拟，再由检测系统对试验过程中的水样和砂样分别测定其离子浓度与元素含量组成，以验证含水层中的矿物结晶与矿化度的变化，由渗透系数变化进一步的验证水源热泵回灌系统化学堵塞情况，从而对实际生产中的水源热泵工程化学堵塞的预测和防治措施提供思路，也为水源热泵工程作为一种新能源技术向实践层面推广提供技术支撑。
The invention discloses a test device for verifying chemical blockage in the recharge process of a water source heat pump. The test device comprises: a circulating water tank, a peristaltic pump, a recharge cooling water tank, a low-temperature constant temperature water tank, a horizontal seepage sand column, a heating plate, a temperature sensor, and a pressure measuring tube , sampling port, inlet and outlet gate valves, etc. In the present invention, a set of test device is designed to realize the operation simulation of the water source heat pump recharge process in the water-bearing sand layer, and then the water sample and the sand sample in the test process are respectively measured by the detection system. The ion concentration and the element content composition , to verify the change of mineral crystallization and salinity in the aquifer, and further verify the chemical blockage of the water source heat pump recharge system by the change of the permeability coefficient, so as to provide ideas for the prediction and prevention measures of the chemical blockage of the water source heat pump in actual production. It also provides technical support for the promotion of water source heat pump engineering as a new energy technology to the practical level.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of exploitation and utilization of water source heat pumps, in particular to a chemical blockage verification test device for a recharging process of a water source heat pump.
Background
In recent years, non-renewable energy sources such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and the like generate a large amount of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and the like in the use process, so that the global warming and the ecological environment are increasingly deteriorated, and the energy conservation, environmental protection and sustainable utilization of energy are widely concerned by countries in the world. Geothermal energy is a novel, renewable, clean and pollution-free energy source, and a groundwater source heat pump is rapidly developed at home and abroad as an important geothermal energy exploitation and utilization technology due to the advantages of low carbon emission, environmental friendliness, economy, high efficiency and the like.
The underground water source heat pump is a system for carrying out centralized heat supply and refrigeration by absorbing solar energy and geothermal energy in shallow underground water. In winter, the stratum can provide higher temperature, underground water is pumped to the ground to supply heat to the space of the building, and cold water after heat transfer is recharged to the aquifer; in summer, relatively low-temperature shallow groundwater is pumped to the ground for heat exchange and refrigeration, and hot water is recharged to the ground; during periodic operation of the system, the geothermal energy of the area can be substantially maintained in balance without the amount of groundwater resources being consumed and utilized. However, in the process of pumping and recharging the water source heat pump system, after a certain period of time, geothermal water for heat exchange in the pumping well cannot be recharged by 100%, and along with long-time accumulation, the recharging efficiency is further rapidly reduced, and the service life of the project is seriously influenced by the blockage problem in the recharging well. A large number of engineering practices show that the most common cause of engineering failure in water source heat pump projects is the recharging blockage problem, a considerable part of heat pump projects at home and abroad are stopped in production, and the main technical problem is the recharging efficiency caused by the blockage of a recharging well and even the termination of the projects.
The medium blockage problem is the most main factor influencing the popularization of water source heat pump engineering to the practice level, and can be divided into physical blockage, chemical blockage and biological blockage according to different reasons causing blockage. The research on the recharge and blockage problems of the underground water source heat pump system mainly focuses on the blockage mechanism, blockage prediction and simulation, blockage prevention and control measures and the like of a recharge well and an underground aquifer. Related water source heat pump exploitation and utilization and blockage prevention and control technologies in China are more, such as: CN210374167U discloses an anti-clogging water source heat pump system; CN109916439A discloses a system and a method for detecting the blockage of a heat exchanger at the front end of a seawater source heat pump; CN103995976A discloses a recharge well blockage prediction diagnosis method based on a permeability coefficient model; CN202248051U discloses a device for preventing clogging of groundwater recharge wells, etc. But the test verification technology for chemical blockage in the recharging process of the water source heat pump system does not appear at home and abroad.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to make up for the defects of the prior art and provides a chemical blockage verification test device in the recharging process of a water source heat pump.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a chemical blockage verification test device in a water source heat pump recharging process comprises a seepage sand column, a circulating water tank, a peristaltic pump, a recharging cooling water tank and a pressure measuring pipe, wherein a plurality of groups of interfaces are arranged on the seepage sand column, and each group of interfaces comprises a sampling port, a temperature sensor interface and a pressure measuring pipe interface, so that the measurement of temperature and water pressure and the sampling detection of water quality in a sand sample in the test process are realized; each temperature sensor interface is connected with a temperature sensor, each pressure measuring pipe interface is connected with a pressure measuring pipe, the recharge cooling water tank is arranged in the low-temperature constant-temperature water tank, the circulating water tank, the peristaltic pump, the recharge cooling water tank and the seepage sand column are connected in sequence through pipelines to form a circulating loop, and the surface of the seepage sand column is covered with a heating plate.
The seepage sand column is made of organic glass and has the size: l =2000mm, the pipe diameter is de120 multiplied by 10; three sample connection, temperature sensor interface and the piezometric tube interface of every group are arranged respectively and are all located same section directly over the seepage sand column outer wall and the left and right sides, 200mm in interval between two sets of adjacent interfaces, total 10 groups of interfaces set up the valve respectively and connect the business turn over water hose before the ring flange is imported and exported to the seepage sand column.
Quartz sand with the thickness of 100mm and the particle size of 2mm is respectively filled in the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the seepage sand column, meanwhile, a layer of 150-mesh gauze is respectively arranged on two sides of the seepage sand column, and a 200-mesh gauze is arranged at the joint of each sampling port and the seepage sand column.
The method is characterized in that a sand column medium is placed in the seepage sand column, the medium in the sand column is a sand soil sample of a middle-deep stratum taken from a drilling site, the sand soil sample is uniformly filled and compacted after being dried in the shade and subjected to particle screening, a layer of vaseline is coated on the inner wall of the seepage sand column before the sand sample is filled, and the particle composition of the sand sample is as follows: 1.92 percent of particles with the particle size of more than 1 mm and less than 2mm, 5.95 percent of particles with the particle size of more than 0.5 mm and less than 1 mm, 58.79 percent of particles with the particle size of more than 0.25 mm and less than 0.5 mm, 18.56 percent of particles with the particle size of more than 0.075 mm and less than 0.25 mm, and 14.56 percent of clay.
The heating plate is a special-shaped heating plate made of silicon rubber, holes corresponding to the interfaces are reserved on the heating plate, the heating plate completely covers the outer wall of the seepage sand column, and the heating plate is further connected with an intelligent digital display temperature controller. The hot plate covers at seepage flow sand column surface, has both solved the inhomogeneous problem of heating such as traditional heating band, heating rod, and the abundant heating of sand bed in the sand column of being convenient for can accurate controlled temperature and constant temperature continuously heat again, reaches the effect of simulation geothermal water sand bed that contains water.
The power of the low-temperature constant-temperature water tank is 1000W, the voltage is 220V, the temperature range is 0-99.9 ℃, and the temperature fluctuation is as follows: 0.2 ℃; internal working size: 255mm × 170mm × 130 mm; the size of the recharging cooling water tank is as follows: 100mm, and the water inlet and outlet pipes on two sides are placed in a low-temperature constant-temperature water tank together, so that the pressure transmission of water supplied by a peristaltic pump is realized, and meanwhile, the water can be filled and cooled for reinjection, and the operation is simple and easy to implement.
The temperature sensor adopts a high-precision digital display thermometer, the probe is made of 304 stainless steel, the length and the pipe diameter of the probe are respectively 25mm and 5mm, and the temperature measurement precision is 0.1 ℃.
The invention integrates a circulating water tank, a peristaltic pump, a recharging cooling water tank, a seepage sand column and matched detection facilities thereof, the process structure is compact in arrangement, and the overall design of the system is exquisite and practical.
The experimental sand sample is fine sand taken from a middle-deep underground aquifer, is dried in the shade, is subjected to particle screening and then is filled into a sand column, and the outer layer of the sand column is covered with a heating plate for continuous constant-temperature heating so as to simulate the corresponding aquifer of the geothermal well; the experimental water sample is taken from deep geothermal water of the actual operation heat pump engineering. After the sand column is saturated with water and exhausted, the sand column is heated and cooled at a constant temperature, the water inlet tank is cooled at a constant temperature by using the low-temperature constant-temperature water tank, and the recharge water is heated and restored from the inlet to the outlet along the whole sand column, so that the recharge process of the heat pump engineering is simulated. In the process, a plurality of groups of pressure measuring pipe interfaces, temperature sensor interfaces and sampling interfaces are arranged on the surface of the whole sand column at intervals, and the water rock reaction in the test process and the chemical blockage condition of the heat pump well can be analyzed through measuring the permeability coefficient of a sand layer, the temperature field, the concentration change of ions in water, the element composition, the component content and the like of a sand sample before and after the test.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention designs a set of test device for realizing the operation simulation of the water source heat pump recharging process in the water-containing sand layer, and then the detection system respectively measures the ion concentration and the element content of the water sample and the sand sample in the test process to verify the change of the mineral crystallization and the mineralization degree in the water-containing layer, and further verifies the chemical blockage situation of the water source heat pump recharging system by the change of the permeability coefficient, thereby providing an idea for the prediction and prevention measures of the chemical blockage of the water source heat pump engineering in the actual production, and also providing technical support for the popularization of the water source heat pump engineering as a new energy technology to the practice level.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a water source heat pump recharge test device.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a seepage sand column.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the heating plate.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a test detection module.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a chemical blockage verification test device for a water source heat pump recharging process comprises a seepage sand column 5, a circulating water tank 1, a peristaltic pump 2, a recharging cooling water tank 3 and a pressure measuring pipe 8, wherein a plurality of groups of interfaces are arranged on the seepage sand column 5, each group of interfaces comprises a sampling port 10, a temperature sensor interface and a pressure measuring pipe interface, and the measurement of temperature and water pressure and the sampling detection of water quality in sand samples in the test process are realized; each temperature sensor interface is connected with a temperature sensor 9 respectively, each pressure measuring pipe interface is connected with a pressure measuring pipe 8 respectively, and the recharge cooling water tank 3 is arranged in the low-temperature constant-temperature water tank 4, the circulating water tank 1, the peristaltic pump 2, the recharge cooling water tank 3 and the seepage sand column 5 are connected in sequence through pipelines to form a circulating loop, and the surface of the seepage sand column 5 is covered with a heating plate 7. The right water inlet end and the left water outlet end of the seepage sand column 5 are respectively filled with quartz sand with the thickness of 100mm and the particle size of 2mm, meanwhile, the two sides of the quartz sand column are respectively provided with a layer of 150-mesh (100 um) gauze 11, and the joint of the sampling port 10 and the sand column is provided with a 200-mesh (75 um) gauze, so that the loss of sand samples in the sand column in the test process is prevented. The medium in the sand column is the middle and deep stratum sand soil from the drilling site, evenly fills and compacts after drying in the shade and granule screening, need scribble the one deck vaseline with the sand column inner wall before filling the sand sample to prevent that the sand sample from losing at the sand column inner wall along with the seepage flow in the experiment, the grain composition of sand sample is: the content of particles with the particle size of more than 1 mm and less than 2mm is about 1.92 percent, the content of particles with the particle size of more than 0.5 mm and less than 1 mm is about 5.95 percent, the content of particles with the particle size of more than 0.25 mm and less than 0.5 mm is about 58.79 percent, the content of particles with the particle size of more than 0.075 mm and less than 0.25 mm is about 18.56 percent, and the content of particles with the particle size of less than 0.075 mm and clay is about 14.56 percent. The test water sample is deep geothermal water taken from an actual running water source heat pump project, the water taking depth is about 1500m, the water temperature is 50 ℃, and the water sample types are as follows: Na-Cl-HCO3. The system detection module shown in FIG. 3 is used for detecting water samples in the test process and sand samples after the test is finishedAnd (4) detecting to perform qualitative analysis and chemical component analysis on the product.
The seepage sand column 5 is made of organic glass and has the size: l =2000mm, the pipe diameter is de120 multiplied by 10; starting to arrange a sampling port 10, a pressure measuring pipe interface and a temperature sensor interface at a position 100mm away from two end points, wherein the three interfaces are respectively arranged right above and at the left and right sides of the outer wall of the sand column and are positioned on the same section, a group of interfaces is arranged at intervals of 200mm by taking the three interfaces as reference, 10 groups are counted, and points a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i and j are respectively marked from a right inlet to a left outlet; in addition, valves are respectively arranged in front of the sand column inlet and outlet flanges and connected with water inlet and outlet hoses.
The heating plate 7 is externally made of special silicon rubber, the internal heating element is high-quality nickel-chromium alloy, and the total size is as follows: 960mm is multiplied by 380mm, the thickness is 2mm, and 2 pieces are counted; the voltage is 220V, the rated power of each chip is 1500W, and the heating temperature range is from normal temperature to 250 ℃; consider that the sand column surface is the setting of sensor interface, pressure tube interface and sample connection, designs for heterotypic hot plate and customization, as shown in fig. 3, it covers at the sand column outer wall, controls sand column heating temperature through intelligent digital display temperature controller.
The power of the low-temperature constant-temperature water tank 4 is 1000W, the voltage is 220V, the temperature range is 0-99.9 ℃, and the temperature fluctuation is as follows: 0.2 ℃. Internal working size: 255mm by 170mm by 130 mm. The size of the recharge cooling water tank 3 is as follows: 100mm, and the low-temperature cooling water is supplied to the seepage sand column by being arranged in a low-temperature tank together with a water inlet and outlet hose.
The main parameters of the peristaltic pump 2: a DC motor 12V; the pump tube is made of a silicone tube; the flow range is as follows: 5-40ml/min, and the pipe diameter size (inner diameter multiplied by outer diameter) is as follows: 2.0X 4.0 mm; the flow range is as follows: 19-100ml/min, and the pipe diameter size (inner diameter multiplied by outer diameter) is as follows: 3.0X 5.0 mm. And simulating continuous intermittent recharge of a sand column aquifer according to the running time of the actual water source heat pump project.
The temperature sensor 9 adopts a high-precision digital display thermometer, the probe is made of 304 stainless steel, the length and the pipe diameter of the probe are respectively 25mm and 5mm, and the temperature measurement precision is 0.1 ℃.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
(1) test device operation module
Pumping geothermal water from a circulating water tank 1 to a recharge cooling water tank 3 at a constant flow rate through a peristaltic pump 2, wherein the flow rate of the peristaltic pump 2 is 20ml/min, the cooling water tank 3 is a fully-closed water tank, and gas in the tank needs to be emptied before a test so as to ensure the tightness of the tank; placing a water tank 3 in an operation space of a low-temperature constant-temperature water tank 4, setting the working temperature of the low-temperature tank to be 4 ℃, starting a peristaltic pump 2 to operate after the target temperature is reached, and simultaneously opening front and back water inlet and outlet valves 6 of a sand column; the full length of the seepage sand column 5 is 2000mm, the seepage sand column is horizontally placed, two ends of the seepage sand column are supported by a bracket 12 with the height of 0.3m, and test sand samples are uniformly filled into the sand column in a layered mode from a point a to a point j; a pressure measuring pipe 8 interface, a temperature sensor 9 interface and a sampling port 10 are respectively arranged at each point from a to j on the sand column, as shown in figure 2, the three interfaces are positioned on the same section of each point on the sand column, wherein the diameter of the pressure measuring pipe is 5mm, the length of the pipe is 1500mm, and the installation height from the ground is 0.5 m; the temperature sensor probe is integrally embedded in the sand layer through a sensor interface on the cylinder, and a probe rod is inserted into the rubber plug at the interface for sealing; a stainless steel valve of DN15 is arranged at the sampling port. In order to eliminate the interference of bubble blockage in the subsequent test process, the sand column 5 needs to be vertically placed before the test operation, the sampling port and the pressure measuring pipe interface are closed, the water inlet and outlet valve 6 is opened, water is slowly filled from bottom to top, the flow rate is 10ml/min, and the water is saturated for about one week, so that the gas in the sand layer is fully emptied. A heating plate 7 is covered outside the test sand column, as shown in figure 3, the heating temperature is controlled to be constant at 50 ℃ through an intelligent digital display temperature controller so as to continuously heat the sand column 5 and simulate the sand bed environment of deep geothermal water. After each point in the sand column is detected to reach the constant temperature of the heating zone through the temperature sensor 9, the low-temperature cooling water can be recharged; the test effluent was returned to the circulating water tank 1 through a rubber hose of De 15.
After the testing device is started, the water inlet and outlet valve 6 is opened, the water level of the piezometer tube 8 rises rapidly, the numerical value of the temperature sensor 9 from the point a to the point j changes gradually, when the water level and the temperature numerical value are kept constant, the system basically reaches a stable state, the temperature and the water pressure of each point are recorded, and meanwhile, each point is sampled sequentially. In order to simulate the operation of the actual water source heat pump project, the peristaltic pump works for 12 hours every day in an operation period, and the pump is stopped for 12 hours; the heating belt is continuously heated at constant temperature; sampling is carried out once every 72h until the piezometer tube values on the points a to j have relatively large amplitude (particularly points a, b and c on the front section of the sand column), and the sampling is carried out on the tail water of the experiment by taking the point as an intuitive basis for finishing the experiment.
(2) Water sample and sand sample detecting system module
After the experiment is ended, the water inlet valve is closed, the water outlet valve is opened, and water is fully drained for 48 hours. And (3) taking out a part of sand samples at points a to j by using a Luoyang shovel, drying in the shade, grinding to be powdery, and detecting and analyzing the sand samples at the points and the original sand samples. The flow chart of the test sand sample and water sample detection system is shown in figure 4: performing phase qualitative analysis by using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and determining the composition, crystal form, molecular configuration conformation and the like of the sand sample; carrying out morphology analysis and energy spectrum analysis by using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), determining the percentage of each element in the sand sample and shooting the substance morphology; analyzing chemical components of the sample by using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF), and determining the types and the contents of elements in the sand sample; chemical bonds or functional groups in organic molecules in the sand sample can be detected by a Fourier infrared spectrometer (FT-IR). In addition, the K of each batch of water samples is respectively determined+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+、HCO3 -、CO3 2-、Cl- And SO4 2-The ion concentration, wherein the anion concentration is measured by an ion chromatograph, and the cation concentration is measured by a plasma mass spectrometer.
Through the measurement of the head of the piezometer tube, the change of the permeability coefficient of the sand sample in the test process is calculated, along with the change of a seepage field and a temperature field, the change of the concentration of various ions in water at the sampling point of the sand column and the corresponding change of the element composition and content of the sand sample are analyzed, the water-rock reaction generated at each section of the sand column is analyzed, so that the change of the mineral crystallization and mineralization degree in the aquifer is verified, and the chemical blocking condition of the aquifer in the process of recharging geothermal water is further verified.
Claims (7)
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| CN202110391793.4A CN113203844B (en) | 2021-04-13 | 2021-04-13 | Water source heat pump recharging process chemical blockage verification test device |
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