CN113203633A - Slow stretching and creep testing device in high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment and using method - Google Patents
Slow stretching and creep testing device in high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113203633A CN113203633A CN202110408489.6A CN202110408489A CN113203633A CN 113203633 A CN113203633 A CN 113203633A CN 202110408489 A CN202110408489 A CN 202110408489A CN 113203633 A CN113203633 A CN 113203633A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of slow tensile tests, in particular to a slow tensile and creep test device in a high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment and a using method thereof. The device includes: the device comprises a slow tensile testing machine, a tensile kettle body, a storage kettle, a heater, a stand column, a hydraulic lifting cylinder, a tray, a conduction pipe, a tensile shaft, a first supporting plate, a second supporting plate, a bottom steel plate, a clamping block, a tensile kettle cover and a hydraulic pump, wherein when the temperature of the tensile kettle, the storage kettle and the conduction pipe is higher than 250 ℃, high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen is introduced into an air inlet of the storage kettle, so that liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the storage kettle flows into the tensile kettle, and high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen is introduced into the air inlet of the tensile kettle, so that the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the tensile kettle flows into the storage kettle. The method can accurately control the test parameters of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy such as temperature, stretching rate (displacement control or load control), constant load, constant strain and the like, and evaluate the slow stretching and creep behaviors of the metal material in the high-temperature liquid lead-bismuth environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tensile and creep tests, in particular to a slow tensile and creep test device in a high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment and a using method thereof.
Background
Because the eutectic has high boiling point, does not react with water or air to release heat, has strong transmutation capability and excellent neutron economy, the lead or lead bismuth eutectic is the first choice coolant of the fourth generation commercial lead-cooled fast reactor, an accelerator-driven advanced nuclear energy system, a future space reactor, a small reactor and other special reactor types, has wide application prospect, and is the current international research hotspot. The operating temperature of the lead-bismuth pile is as high as 450-550 ℃, and the service performance and safety of the equipment material are critical. The corrosion performance of metal materials in a high-temperature liquid lead-bismuth environment is one of the key problems for limiting the development of the lead-cooled fast reactor. China is struggling to overcome the fourth generation of lead-cooled fast reactor. However, the basic data of corrosion of the domestic candidate material in the liquid lead bismuth environment is less accumulated. The research on the environmental compatibility of the liquid lead bismuth is carried out, and related testing devices are required to be independently researched and developed. Based on the slow tensile and creep test device and the use method thereof, the slow tensile and creep test device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment is developed and can be used for researching the slow tensile and creep behaviors of the metal material in the liquid lead bismuth environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a slow stretching and creep testing device in a high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment and a using method thereof, so as to realize the slow stretching and creep behavior research of a metal material in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a slow tensile and creep test device in high temperature liquid lead bismuth environment which characterized in that, the device includes: slow tensile test machine, tensile cauldron body, storage cauldron, heater, stand, hydraulic lifting cylinder, tray, conduction pipe, tensile axle, first backup pad, second backup pad, bottom steel sheet, clamp splice, tensile kettle cover, hydraulic pump, concrete structure is as follows:
the machine body fixing frame consists of a bottom steel plate, two stand columns, a first supporting plate and a second supporting plate, wherein the bottom steel plate is fixed on the ground through foundation bolts, the two vertical stand columns are arranged in parallel relatively and are respectively connected with the bottom steel plate through threads, the horizontal first supporting plate and the horizontal second supporting plate are arranged on the two stand columns in parallel relatively up and down, the first supporting plate is fixed on the upper parts of the two stand columns through clamping blocks, and the second supporting plate is in sliding fit with the two stand columns;
the stretching kettle body is buckled with the stretching kettle cover, and the heater is wrapped on the outer side of the stretching kettle body to form a stretching kettle; the first support plate is screwed up through screw threads, clamped and fixedly installed on two stand columns of the machine body fixing frame, the slow tensile testing machine is connected to the first support plate through bolts, the output end of the slow tensile testing machine penetrates through the first support plate and the tensile kettle cover through a tensile shaft to be connected with a tensile sample in the tensile kettle body, and the tensile sample is installed on the sample frame;
the outer side of the stretching kettle cover is connected with a tray through threads, and a horizontal tray is screwed, clamped and fixedly arranged on two stand columns of the machine body fixing frame through threads; the stretching kettle body is arranged on the second supporting plate, the bottom of the second supporting plate is connected with the hydraulic lifting cylinder, the output end of the hydraulic pump is connected with the hydraulic lifting cylinder, and the stretching kettle body is lifted on the two upright posts and is opened and closed with the stretching kettle cover; the inner cavity of the stretching kettle body is connected with the inner cavity of the storage kettle through a conduction pipe, the heater is wrapped outside the storage kettle and the conduction pipe, and the lead-bismuth alloy is placed in the stretching kettle body or the storage kettle.
The control cabinet is connected with the slow tensile testing machine, the tensile kettle heater and the thermocouple thereof, the storage kettle heater and the thermocouple thereof, the conduction pipe heater and the thermocouple thereof and the hydraulic lifting cylinder, so that the control of the slow tensile testing machine and the hydraulic lifting cylinder is realized, the temperature of the tensile kettle, the storage kettle and the conduction pipe is controlled, and test data is acquired.
The slow stretching and creep test device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment, place the red copper packing ring between the tensile cauldron body and the tensile cauldron lid, realize sealedly through screwing up the bolt, set up air inlet, gas outlet, conduction pipe installing port, electrode installing port, displacement sensor installing port, thermocouple installing port and tensile axle through-hole on the tensile cauldron lid, tensile axle and tensile cauldron lid realize dynamic seal through O type circle and water-cooling jacket.
The slow stretching and creep testing device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment adopts the linear slide block to clamp two upright posts, and the linear slide block is connected with the bottom steel plate by using the bolt, so that the two upright posts are fixed on the bottom steel plate without a gap.
The use method of the slow tensile and creep test device in the high-temperature liquid lead-bismuth environment comprises the following specific steps:
(1) putting the lead bismuth alloy into a storage kettle;
(2) wiping the sealing surfaces of the kettle body and the kettle cover of the storage kettle completely by using wiping paper, wiping a red copper gasket completely, putting the cleaned red copper gasket into a sealing groove at the top of the kettle body of the storage kettle, and arranging the kettle cover on the kettle body;
(3) installing a tensile sample in a tensile kettle body, wiping the tensile kettle body and a sealing surface of a tensile kettle cover by using wiping paper, wiping a red copper gasket, placing the cleaned red copper gasket into a sealing groove at the top of the tensile kettle body, and placing the tensile kettle cover on the tensile kettle body;
(4) respectively filling inert gases into the kettle body from the air inlets of the storage kettle and the stretching kettle, removing air in the kettle body, and keeping the interior of the kettle body in an inert gas protection state;
(5) setting a target temperature on a control cabinet, setting the initial target temperature of a storage kettle and a conduction pipe to be 250 +/-10 ℃, setting the target temperature of a stretching kettle body to be 200 ℃, starting to heat, keeping for 20-40 minutes after the target temperature value is reached, and completely melting the lead-bismuth alloy in the storage kettle;
(6) introducing high-purity argon into a storage kettle air inlet, opening a storage kettle air inlet valve, closing a storage kettle air outlet valve, closing a stretching kettle air inlet valve, and opening a stretching kettle air outlet valve;
(7) blowing high-purity argon into the storage kettle at a speed of 0.1-1L/min, and introducing the liquid lead-bismuth alloy into the stretching kettle body through a conducting pipe by virtue of air pressure;
(8) after the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the stretching kettle body is completely soaked in the stretching sample, closing an air inlet valve of the storage kettle, keeping an air outlet valve closed, closing an air outlet valve of the stretching kettle body, and keeping the air inlet valve closed;
(9) reducing the temperature of the stretching kettle body to 180 +/-10 ℃;
(10) preheating the dissolved oxygen electrode at the temperature of 150-200 ℃ for 20-40 minutes, completely inserting the dissolved oxygen electrode into the liquid lead-bismuth alloy, and sealing; connecting the dissolved oxygen electrode with a high-precision voltmeter, and measuring and collecting the dissolved oxygen value in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in real time;
(11) heating the stretching kettle body to a target value;
(12) opening the slow tensile testing machine, and inputting testing parameters;
(13) starting the test;
(14) breaking the test sample or performing the test for a target time, and storing the test data after the test is finished;
(15) cooling, and taking out the dissolved oxygen electrode when the temperature is reduced to 250 +/-10 ℃, and keeping the tightness of the kettle body;
(16) introducing high-purity argon into an air inlet of a stretching kettle body, opening an air outlet valve of a storage kettle, keeping the air inlet valve closed, opening an air inlet valve of the stretching kettle body, and keeping the air outlet valve closed;
(17) blowing high-purity argon into the stretching kettle body at a speed of 0.1-1L/min, and feeding the liquid lead-bismuth alloy into the storage kettle through a conduction pipe by virtue of air pressure;
(18) cooling the storage kettle, the stretching kettle body and the conduction pipe to room temperature, opening the stretching kettle body, disassembling the sample and properly storing;
(19) and covering the stretching kettle cover, and finishing the test.
The use method of the slow stretching and creep deformation test device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment comprises the steps of when the temperatures of the stretching kettle, the storage kettle and the conduction pipe are higher than 250 ℃, introducing high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen to the air inlet of the storage kettle to enable the liquid lead bismuth alloy in the storage kettle to flow into the stretching kettle, and introducing high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen to the air inlet of the stretching kettle to enable the liquid lead bismuth alloy in the stretching kettle to flow into the storage kettle.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a slow stretching and creep testing device in a high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment and a using method thereof. The method comprises the steps of installing a tensile sample on a sample frame, placing a lead-bismuth alloy in a tensile kettle body, and heating to a target value by using a control cabinet and a heater, so that the slow tensile and creep behavior research of the metal material in a high-temperature liquid lead-bismuth environment can be carried out.
2. The device disclosed by the invention is connected with the stretching kettle and the storage kettle through the conduction pipe, so that the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth is transferred between the stretching kettle and the storage kettle, a tensile sample is conveniently loaded and unloaded in normal-temperature air, the operation is simple and convenient, and the lead bismuth vapor is not contacted.
3. The method can accurately control the test parameters of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy such as temperature, stretching rate (displacement control or load control), constant load, constant strain and the like, and evaluate the slow stretching and creep behaviors of the metal material in the high-temperature liquid lead-bismuth environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view showing the structure of the apparatus of the present invention. In the figure: 1, a slow tensile testing machine; 2, stretching the kettle body; 3, storing the kettle; 4, a heater; 5, upright posts; 6 hydraulic lifting cylinder; 7, a tray; 8, a conduction pipe; 9 stretching the shaft; 10 a first support plate; 11 a second support plate; 12 a bottom steel plate; 13 a control cabinet; 14, a sample rack; 15 clamping blocks; 16, stretching the kettle cover; 17 hydraulic pump.
Fig. 2 is a tensile curve in a liquid lead bismuth environment. In the figure, the abscissa Stress represents displacement (mm), and the ordinate Stress represents Stress (MPa).
FIG. 3 is the appearance of the tensile sample in the example after the liquid lead bismuth slow tensile test.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the slow tensile and creep test device in high temperature liquid lead bismuth environment of the present invention comprises: slow tensile testing machine 1, the tensile cauldron body 2, store cauldron 3, heater 4, stand 5, hydraulic lifting cylinder 6, tray 7, conduction pipe 8, tensile axle 9, first backup pad 10, second backup pad 11, bottom steel sheet 12, switch board 13, sample rack 14, clamp splice 15, tensile cauldron lid 16, hydraulic pump 17 etc. and specific structure is as follows:
the fuselage mount is by bottom steel sheet 12, two stands 5, first backup pad 10, second backup pad 11 is constituteed, bottom steel sheet 12 passes through rag bolt and fixes subaerial, two vertical stand 5 parallel arrangement relatively, be connected with bottom steel sheet 12 through the screw thread respectively, and two stands 5 are pressed from both sides to the available sharp slider clamp, utilize the bolt to be connected sharp slider and bottom steel sheet 12, tightly fix two stands 5 zero clearance on bottom steel sheet 12, the first backup pad of horizontally 10, second backup pad 11 is relative parallel arrangement from top to bottom on two stands 5, first backup pad 10 utilizes clamp splice 15 to tightly fix on two stand 5 upper portions, second backup pad 11 is sliding fit with two stands 5.
A stretching kettle cover 16 is buckled on the stretching kettle body 2, a red copper gasket is arranged between the stretching kettle body 2 and the stretching kettle cover 16, sealing is realized by screwing bolts, a heater 4 is wrapped outside the stretching kettle body 2, and an air inlet, an air outlet, a conduction pipe mounting port, an electrode mounting port, a displacement sensor mounting port, a thermocouple mounting port and a stretching shaft through hole are formed in the stretching kettle cover 16 to form a stretching kettle; the control cabinet 13 is connected with the heater 4 (a matched thermocouple) through a circuit, and the control cabinet 13 is used for supplying power and controlling temperature, so that the temperature control of the lead-bismuth alloy in the stretching kettle body 2 is realized; first backup pad 10 is through screw thread tightening centre gripping fixed mounting on two stands 5 of fuselage mount, slow tensile testing machine 1 passes through bolted connection on first backup pad 10, switch board 13 is connected with slow tensile testing machine 1 through the circuit, the output of slow tensile testing machine 1 passes first backup pad 10 through tensile axle 9, tensile kettle cover 16 is connected with the tensile sample in the tensile kettle body 2, utilize tensile axle 9 with tensile sample (standard bar-shaped and slice tensile sample), slow tensile testing machine 1 is connected, tensile axle 9 and tensile kettle cover 16 realize dynamic seal through O type circle and water-cooling jacket, slow tensile testing machine 1 possesses load control and displacement control mode, can realize functions such as slow strain rate is tensile, constant load, permanent strain, strain measurement.
The outer side of the stretching kettle cover 16 is connected with the tray 7 through threads, and the horizontal tray 7 is screwed, clamped and fixedly arranged on the two upright posts 5 of the machine body fixing frame through threads; the stretching kettle body 2 is arranged on a second supporting plate 11, the bottom of the second supporting plate 11 is connected with a hydraulic lifting cylinder 6, a control cabinet 13 is connected with a hydraulic pump 17 through a line, the output end of the hydraulic pump 17 is connected with the hydraulic lifting cylinder 6, and the stretching kettle body 2 is lifted on the two upright posts 5 and opened and closed with a stretching kettle cover 16; the inner cavity of the stretching kettle body 2 is connected with the inner cavity of the storage kettle 3 through a conduction pipe 8, the outer side of the storage kettle 3 is wrapped by a heater 4 (a matched thermocouple), a control cabinet 13 is connected with the heater 4 through a circuit and is powered and controlled in temperature by the control cabinet 13, and the lead bismuth alloy is placed in the stretching kettle body 2 or the storage kettle 3. In addition, the outer side of the conduction pipe 8 can also be wrapped with a heater (a matched thermocouple), the control cabinet 13 is connected with the heater through a circuit, and the control cabinet 13 supplies power and controls temperature.
The tensile sample is arranged on a sample rack 14, the lead-bismuth alloy is arranged in the tensile kettle body 2 or the storage kettle 3, and the temperature is raised to a target value by using the control cabinet 13 and the heater 4, so that the slow tensile and creep behavior research of the metal material in a high-temperature liquid lead-bismuth environment can be carried out. When the temperature of the stretching kettle, the storage kettle 3 and the conduction pipe 8 is higher than 250 ℃, the liquid lead bismuth alloy in the storage kettle 3 can flow into the stretching kettle by introducing high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen (with the volume purity of 99.999%) into the air inlet of the storage kettle 3, and the liquid lead bismuth alloy in the stretching kettle can flow into the storage kettle by introducing high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen (with the volume purity of 99.999%) into the air inlet of the stretching kettle. The control cabinet 13 is connected with the slow tensile testing machine 1, the tensile kettle heater and the thermocouple, the storage kettle heater and the thermocouple, the conduction pipe heater and the thermocouple, and the hydraulic lifting cylinder, so that the control of the slow tensile testing machine and the hydraulic lifting cylinder, the temperature control of the tensile kettle, the storage kettle and the heater of the conduction pipe are realized, and test data are collected.
Examples
In this example, the tensile sample is P92 ferrite/martensite steel, and the tensile rate is 4 × 10 in a slow tensile test under the condition of saturated dissolved oxygen concentration in a 350 ℃ liquid lead bismuth environment-6s-1The rod-shaped tensile sample has a gauge length section with the diameter of 5mm and the length of 30 mm.
As shown in fig. 1, the device of the invention can be used for carrying out slow tensile and creep test research of a metal material in a liquid lead bismuth environment, and can be used for controlling/acquiring parameters such as test temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration in a liquid lead bismuth alloy, displacement, load, strain and the like in real time, and the use steps are as follows:
(1) putting a proper amount of lead-bismuth alloy into a storage kettle.
(2) Cleaning the sealing surfaces of the storage kettle body and the storage kettle cover by using wiping paper, cleaning a red copper gasket, putting the cleaned red copper gasket into a sealing groove at the top of the storage kettle body, arranging the storage kettle cover on the kettle body, and tightening a bolt by using a torque wrench, wherein the recommended maximum torque is 100-150 N.m.
(3) Installing a tensile sample in a tensile kettle body, wiping the sealing surfaces of the tensile kettle body and a tensile kettle cover by using wiping paper, wiping a red copper gasket, putting the cleaned red copper gasket into a sealing groove at the top of the tensile kettle body, arranging the tensile kettle cover on the tensile kettle body, and screwing a bolt by using a torque wrench, wherein the recommended maximum torque is 100-150 N.m.
(4) Inert gas (high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen) is respectively filled into the kettle body from the air inlets of the storage kettle and the stretching kettle, air in the kettle body is exhausted, and the interior of the kettle body is in an inert gas protection state.
(5) Setting a target temperature on a control cabinet, recommending that the initial target temperature of the storage kettle and the conduction pipe is about 250 ℃ (higher than the lead-bismuth eutectic melting point, so that the lead-bismuth alloy is converted from a solid state to a liquid state), the target temperature of the stretching kettle body is 200 ℃, starting to heat, keeping for about 30 minutes after reaching the target temperature value, and completely melting the lead-bismuth alloy in the storage kettle.
(6) And (3) introducing high-purity argon into a storage kettle air inlet, opening a storage kettle air inlet valve, closing a storage kettle air outlet valve, closing a stretching kettle air inlet valve, and opening a stretching kettle air outlet valve.
(7) And blowing high-purity argon into the storage kettle at a speed controlled to be 0.1-1L/min, introducing the liquid lead-bismuth alloy into the stretching kettle body through the conduction pipe by virtue of air pressure, observing a thermocouple in the stretching kettle body, and indicating that the liquid level of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy reaches the position for installing the thermocouple when the temperature changes suddenly.
(8) After the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the stretching kettle body is completely soaked in the stretching sample, closing an air inlet valve of the storage kettle (simultaneously keeping an air outlet valve closed), and closing an air outlet valve of the stretching kettle body (simultaneously keeping the air inlet valve closed).
(9) The temperature of the stretching kettle was reduced to about 180 ℃.
(10) After preheating the dissolved oxygen electrode at a temperature of 180 ℃ for 30 minutes, the dissolved oxygen electrode was completely inserted into the liquid lead bismuth alloy and sealed. And (3) connecting the dissolved oxygen electrode with a high-precision voltmeter (the precision is 0.01mV), and measuring and collecting the dissolved oxygen value in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in real time.
(11) The temperature of the stretching kettle body is started to be raised to a target value.
(12) The slow tensile tester is opened and the test parameters (tensile rate or constant load value) are entered.
(13) The test was started.
(14) The sample is snapped or tested for a target time and after the test is completed, the test data (displacement, load, time, strain, etc.) is stored.
(15) And (5) starting to cool, and taking out the dissolved oxygen electrode when the temperature is reduced to about 250 ℃ (the temperature is prohibited to be reduced to the solidifying point of the lead bismuth eutectic crystal so as to prevent the dissolved oxygen electrode from being damaged), and keeping the tightness of the kettle body.
(16) And (3) introducing high-purity argon into an air inlet of the stretching kettle body, opening an air outlet valve of the storage kettle (keeping the air inlet valve closed), and opening an air inlet valve of the stretching kettle body (keeping the air outlet valve closed).
(17) And blowing high-purity argon into the stretching kettle body at a speed controlled to be 0.1-1L/min, introducing the liquid lead-bismuth alloy into the storage kettle through the conduction pipe by virtue of air pressure, observing the thermocouple in the storage kettle, and when the temperature changes suddenly, indicating that the liquid level of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy reaches the position where the thermocouple is installed, and exhausting the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the storage kettle.
(18) And cooling the storage kettle, the stretching kettle body and the conduction pipe to room temperature, opening the stretching kettle body, disassembling the sample and properly preserving.
(19) And covering the stretching kettle cover, and finishing the test.
Fig. 2 is a tensile curve in a liquid lead bismuth environment, fig. 3 is a macroscopic morphology of a sample after a test, and as can be seen from fig. 2 and fig. 3, in the tensile process, displacement, load and other controls are stable, and the tensile sample is broken at a gauge length section, so that the test is effective.
The embodiment result shows that the slow stretching and creep testing device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment has reliable performance, can realize the mutual transfer of the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth alloy in the stretching kettle and the storage kettle, and is convenient for loading and unloading the sample under the condition of normal temperature air; the test temperature in the liquid lead bismuth environment can be accurately controlled; the test device keeps sealed, prevents lead and bismuth steam leakage in the test process, and can carry out slow strain rate stretching and constant load (creep) tests of the tensile sample in a liquid lead and bismuth environment.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a slow tensile and creep test device in high temperature liquid lead bismuth environment which characterized in that, the device includes: slow tensile test machine, tensile cauldron body, storage cauldron, heater, stand, hydraulic lifting cylinder, tray, conduction pipe, tensile axle, first backup pad, second backup pad, bottom steel sheet, clamp splice, tensile kettle cover, hydraulic pump, concrete structure is as follows:
the machine body fixing frame consists of a bottom steel plate, two stand columns, a first supporting plate and a second supporting plate, wherein the bottom steel plate is fixed on the ground through foundation bolts, the two vertical stand columns are arranged in parallel relatively and are respectively connected with the bottom steel plate through threads, the horizontal first supporting plate and the horizontal second supporting plate are arranged on the two stand columns in parallel relatively up and down, the first supporting plate is fixed on the upper parts of the two stand columns through clamping blocks, and the second supporting plate is in sliding fit with the two stand columns;
the stretching kettle body is buckled with the stretching kettle cover, and the heater is wrapped on the outer side of the stretching kettle body to form a stretching kettle; the first support plate is screwed up through screw threads, clamped and fixedly installed on two stand columns of the machine body fixing frame, the slow tensile testing machine is connected to the first support plate through bolts, the output end of the slow tensile testing machine penetrates through the first support plate and the tensile kettle cover through a tensile shaft to be connected with a tensile sample in the tensile kettle body, and the tensile sample is installed on the sample frame;
the outer side of the stretching kettle cover is connected with a tray through threads, and a horizontal tray is screwed, clamped and fixedly arranged on two stand columns of the machine body fixing frame through threads; the stretching kettle body is arranged on the second supporting plate, the bottom of the second supporting plate is connected with the hydraulic lifting cylinder, the output end of the hydraulic pump is connected with the hydraulic lifting cylinder, and the stretching kettle body is lifted on the two upright posts and is opened and closed with the stretching kettle cover; the inner cavity of the stretching kettle body is connected with the inner cavity of the storage kettle through a conduction pipe, the heater is wrapped outside the storage kettle and the conduction pipe, and the lead-bismuth alloy is placed in the stretching kettle body or the storage kettle.
2. The apparatus for slow tensile and creep test in high temperature liquid lead bismuth environment according to claim 1, wherein the control cabinet is connected with the slow tensile testing machine, the tensile kettle heater and its thermocouple, the storage kettle heater and its thermocouple, the conduction tube heater and its thermocouple, and the hydraulic lift cylinder, so as to realize the control of the slow tensile testing machine and the hydraulic lift cylinder, and the temperature control of the tensile kettle, the storage kettle, and the heater of the conduction tube, and collect the test data.
3. The slow stretching and creep testing device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment as claimed in claim 1, wherein a red copper gasket is arranged between the stretching kettle body and the stretching kettle cover, sealing is realized by screwing bolts, the stretching kettle cover is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet, a conduction pipe mounting port, an electrode mounting port, a displacement sensor mounting port, a thermocouple mounting port and a stretching shaft through hole, and the stretching shaft and the stretching kettle cover are dynamically sealed with a water cooling sleeve through an O-shaped ring.
4. The apparatus for slow tensile and creep test in high temperature liquid lead bismuth environment according to claim 1, wherein the two columns are clamped by linear slide block, and the linear slide block is connected with the bottom steel plate by bolts, so that the two columns are fixed on the bottom steel plate without gap.
5. The use method of the slow tensile and creep test device in the high-temperature liquid lead-bismuth environment according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) putting the lead bismuth alloy into a storage kettle;
(2) wiping the sealing surfaces of the kettle body and the kettle cover of the storage kettle completely by using wiping paper, wiping a red copper gasket completely, putting the cleaned red copper gasket into a sealing groove at the top of the kettle body of the storage kettle, and arranging the kettle cover on the kettle body;
(3) installing a tensile sample in a tensile kettle body, wiping the tensile kettle body and a sealing surface of a tensile kettle cover by using wiping paper, wiping a red copper gasket, placing the cleaned red copper gasket into a sealing groove at the top of the tensile kettle body, and placing the tensile kettle cover on the tensile kettle body;
(4) respectively filling inert gases into the kettle body from the air inlets of the storage kettle and the stretching kettle, removing air in the kettle body, and keeping the interior of the kettle body in an inert gas protection state;
(5) setting a target temperature on a control cabinet, setting the initial target temperature of a storage kettle and a conduction pipe to be 250 +/-10 ℃, setting the target temperature of a stretching kettle body to be 200 ℃, starting to heat, keeping for 20-40 minutes after the target temperature value is reached, and completely melting the lead-bismuth alloy in the storage kettle;
(6) introducing high-purity argon into a storage kettle air inlet, opening a storage kettle air inlet valve, closing a storage kettle air outlet valve, closing a stretching kettle air inlet valve, and opening a stretching kettle air outlet valve;
(7) blowing high-purity argon into the storage kettle at a speed of 0.1-1L/min, and introducing the liquid lead-bismuth alloy into the stretching kettle body through a conducting pipe by virtue of air pressure;
(8) after the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the stretching kettle body is completely soaked in the stretching sample, closing an air inlet valve of the storage kettle, keeping an air outlet valve closed, closing an air outlet valve of the stretching kettle body, and keeping the air inlet valve closed;
(9) reducing the temperature of the stretching kettle body to 180 +/-10 ℃;
(10) preheating the dissolved oxygen electrode at the temperature of 150-200 ℃ for 20-40 minutes, completely inserting the dissolved oxygen electrode into the liquid lead-bismuth alloy, and sealing; connecting the dissolved oxygen electrode with a high-precision voltmeter, and measuring and collecting the dissolved oxygen value in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in real time;
(11) heating the stretching kettle body to a target value;
(12) opening the slow tensile testing machine, and inputting testing parameters;
(13) starting the test;
(14) breaking the test sample or performing the test for a target time, and storing the test data after the test is finished;
(15) cooling, and taking out the dissolved oxygen electrode when the temperature is reduced to 250 +/-10 ℃, and keeping the tightness of the kettle body;
(16) introducing high-purity argon into an air inlet of a stretching kettle body, opening an air outlet valve of a storage kettle, keeping the air inlet valve closed, opening an air inlet valve of the stretching kettle body, and keeping the air outlet valve closed;
(17) blowing high-purity argon into the stretching kettle body at a speed of 0.1-1L/min, and feeding the liquid lead-bismuth alloy into the storage kettle through a conduction pipe by virtue of air pressure;
(18) cooling the storage kettle, the stretching kettle body and the conduction pipe to room temperature, opening the stretching kettle body, disassembling the sample and properly storing;
(19) and covering the stretching kettle cover, and finishing the test.
6. The use method of the slow stretching and creep testing device in the high temperature liquid lead bismuth environment as claimed in claim 5, wherein when the temperature of the stretching kettle, the storage kettle and the conduction pipe is higher than 250 ℃, the liquid lead bismuth alloy in the storage kettle flows into the stretching kettle by introducing high purity argon or high purity nitrogen to the air inlet of the storage kettle, and the liquid lead bismuth alloy in the stretching kettle flows into the storage kettle by introducing high purity argon or high purity nitrogen to the air inlet of the stretching kettle.
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| CN114323991A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-04-12 | 华东理工大学 | Creep fatigue test device for high-temperature lead bismuth environment |
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