CN113203644A - Fatigue test device in high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment and use method - Google Patents

Fatigue test device in high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment and use method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113203644A
CN113203644A CN202110408480.5A CN202110408480A CN113203644A CN 113203644 A CN113203644 A CN 113203644A CN 202110408480 A CN202110408480 A CN 202110408480A CN 113203644 A CN113203644 A CN 113203644A
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China
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fatigue
kettle
liquid lead
storage
temperature
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CN202110408480.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
谭季波
张强
王翔
吴欣强
任啟森
李锐
孙博宇
韩恩厚
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Institute of Metal Research of CAS
China General Nuclear Power Corp
China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
CGN Power Co Ltd
China Nuclear Power Institute Co Ltd
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Institute of Metal Research of CAS
China General Nuclear Power Corp
China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
CGN Power Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110408480.5A priority Critical patent/CN113203644A/en
Publication of CN113203644A publication Critical patent/CN113203644A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/32Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N17/00Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
    • G01N17/006Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light of metals
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0069Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G01N2203/0073Fatigue

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of fatigue tests, in particular to a fatigue test device in a high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment and a using method thereof, which are suitable for testing the fatigue performance and the creep performance of a fatigue sample in the liquid lead bismuth environment. The device includes fatigue testing machine, the loading axle, the sample frame, tired sample, the bracing piece, tired cauldron, the heater, the measurement system that meets an emergency, dissolved oxygen electrode, the conduction tube, store the cauldron, at tired cauldron, store the cauldron, when the conduction tube > 250 ℃, through leading to high pure argon gas or high-purity nitrogen gas towards storing the cauldron admission pipe, make in the storage cauldron liquid lead bismuth alloy flow into tired cauldron, through leading to high pure argon gas or high-purity nitrogen gas towards tired cauldron admission pipe, make in the tired cauldron liquid lead bismuth alloy flow in store the cauldron, realize the mutual transfer of high temperature liquid lead bismuth alloy in tired cauldron and storage cauldron. The method can accurately control the test parameters of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy, such as temperature, strain rate, load and the like, and evaluate the fatigue performance of the metal material in the high-temperature liquid lead-bismuth environment.

Description

Fatigue test device in high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment and use method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fatigue tests, in particular to a fatigue test device in a high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment and a using method thereof, which are suitable for testing the fatigue performance and the creep performance of a fatigue sample in the liquid lead bismuth environment.
Background
Because the eutectic has high boiling point, does not react with water or air to release heat, has strong transmutation capability and excellent neutron economy, the lead or lead bismuth eutectic is the first choice coolant of the fourth generation commercial lead-cooled fast reactor, an accelerator-driven advanced nuclear energy system, a future space reactor, a small reactor and other special reactor types, has wide application prospect, and is the current international research hotspot. The operating temperature of the lead-bismuth pile is as high as 450-550 ℃, and the service performance and safety of the equipment material are critical. The corrosion performance of metal materials in a high-temperature liquid lead-bismuth environment is one of the key problems for limiting the development of the lead-cooled fast reactor. The structural material serving in the fourth generation lead-cold fast reactor is not only corroded by liquid lead and bismuth, but also bears load in the service process, mechanical and chemical interaction can accelerate the failure of the material, and the mechanical property of the structural material in the liquid lead and bismuth environment needs to be researched. Under the action of fatigue load, the fatigue life of the metal material in a liquid lead-bismuth environment can be obviously reduced, a quasi-cleavage cracking morphology appears on a fracture, and the liquid metal embrittlement characteristic is shown. However, the related experimental techniques have not yet been matured. Based on the fatigue test device and the using method, the fatigue test device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment and the using method are developed, and the fatigue test device can be used for researching the fatigue behavior of the metal material in the liquid lead bismuth environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fatigue test device in a high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment and a using method thereof, which are used for realizing the fatigue behavior research of a metal material in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment and evaluating the mechanical behavior and the embrittlement damage behavior of the metal material in the liquid lead bismuth environment.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a fatigue test device in a high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment comprises: fatigue testing machine, loading axle, sample frame, tired sample, bracing piece, tired cauldron, heater, strain measurement system, dissolved oxygen electrode, conduction pipe, storage kettle, concrete structure as follows:
the two upright posts are arranged in parallel relatively, the cross beam is arranged on the two upright posts, the fatigue testing machine is fixedly arranged on the cross beam, and the bottom of the cross beam is connected with the fatigue kettle cover through two vertical support rods; the fatigue kettle is formed by connecting a fatigue kettle cover and a fatigue kettle body which are arranged up and down through bolts; the outer side of the fatigue kettle body is wrapped with a heater, a groove-shaped sample rack is arranged in the inner cavity of the fatigue kettle body, the upper end of the groove-shaped sample rack is installed at the bottom of the fatigue kettle cover, and a fatigue sample is vertically arranged in the sample rack; the lead-bismuth alloy is placed in a fatigue kettle or a storage kettle, the fatigue kettle is connected with the bottom of an inner cavity of the storage kettle through a conduction pipe, and the storage kettle and the conduction pipe are wrapped by a heater;
set up loading axle through-hole, linear differential variable voltage displacement sensor installing port, dissolved oxygen electrode installing port, tired cauldron intake pipe, tired cauldron outlet duct on the tired cauldron kettle cover, wherein: a loading shaft at the output end of the fatigue testing machine penetrates through the cross beam and the fatigue kettle cover to be connected with the upper end of a fatigue sample in the fatigue kettle body; the lower end of the fatigue sample is connected with the inner bottom of the groove-shaped sample rack through a connecting piece, and the upper gauge length section and the lower gauge length section of the fatigue sample are respectively connected with two linear differential variable voltage displacement sensors of the strain measurement system through displacement transmission rods; the upper end of the dissolved oxygen electrode extends to the upper part of the fatigue kettle cover, and the lower end of the dissolved oxygen electrode penetrates through the fatigue kettle cover to extend to the middle part of the inner cavity of the fatigue kettle body.
The fatigue test device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment is characterized in that the loading shaft is sealed with the fatigue kettle cover through an O-shaped ring at the through hole of the loading shaft.
According to the fatigue test device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment, a red copper gasket is arranged between the fatigue kettle body and the fatigue kettle cover, and sealing is realized through bolt connection.
The fatigue test device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment, the control cabinet is connected with the fatigue test machine, the fatigue kettle heater and the thermocouple, the storage kettle heater and the thermocouple, the conduction tube heater and the thermocouple, the control of the fatigue test machine is realized, the temperature of the fatigue kettle, the storage kettle and the heater of the conduction tube is controlled, and test data are collected.
According to the fatigue test device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment, two linear differential variable voltage displacement sensors are arranged on a fatigue kettle cover, two displacement transmission rods are respectively assembled at two ends of a scale distance section of a fatigue test sample and inserted into the linear differential variable voltage displacement sensors; the linear differential variable voltage displacement sensor is connected with the control cabinet through a circuit, signals of the linear differential variable voltage displacement sensor are collected through the control cabinet, and the difference value of the signals of the two linear differential variable voltage displacement sensors is the fatigue sample gauge length strain.
In the fatigue test device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment, one end of the fatigue kettle air inlet pipe extends to the outer side of the fatigue kettle cover, and the other end of the fatigue kettle air inlet pipe penetrates through a channel on the fatigue kettle cover and extends to the lower part of the inner cavity of the fatigue kettle body; one end of the fatigue kettle gas outlet pipe extends to the outer side of the fatigue kettle cover, and the other end of the fatigue kettle gas outlet pipe penetrates through a channel on the fatigue kettle cover to extend to the upper part of the inner cavity of the fatigue kettle body.
The fatigue testing device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment is characterized in that the fatigue testing machine is of a U-shaped structure, has a load control mode, a displacement control mode or a strain control mode, and can realize the functions of triangular waves, sine waves, trapezoidal waves or combined waveforms.
The use method of the fatigue test device in the high-temperature liquid lead-bismuth environment comprises the following specific steps:
(1) putting the lead bismuth alloy into a storage kettle;
(2) wiping the sealing surfaces of the storage kettle body and the storage kettle cover by using wiping paper, wiping a red copper gasket clean, putting the cleaned red copper gasket into a sealing groove at the top of the storage kettle body, and arranging the storage kettle cover on the storage kettle body;
(3) opening the fatigue testing machine, and adjusting the fatigue testing machine to be in a displacement control mode;
(4) placing a fatigue sample on a sample frame in a fatigue kettle, changing a fatigue machine control mode into load control, adjusting the load to 1-2 kN, and fixing the fatigue sample;
(5) wiping the sealing surfaces of the fatigue kettle body and the fatigue kettle cover by using wiping paper, wiping a red copper gasket clean, putting the cleaned red copper gasket into a sealing groove at the top of the fatigue kettle body, and arranging the fatigue kettle cover on the fatigue kettle body;
(6) respectively filling inert gas into the corresponding kettle bodies from the gas inlet pipe of the storage kettle and the gas inlet pipe of the fatigue kettle, and removing air in the kettle bodies, wherein the interior of the kettle bodies is in an inert gas protection state;
(7) setting a target temperature on a control cabinet, recommending that the initial target temperature of a storage kettle and a conduction pipe is 250 +/-10 ℃, the target temperature of a fatigue kettle is 200 ℃, starting to heat up, and keeping for 20-40 minutes after the target temperature value is reached so as to completely melt the lead-bismuth alloy in the storage kettle;
(8) introducing high-purity argon into an air inlet pipe of a storage kettle, opening an air inlet pipe valve of the storage kettle, closing an air outlet pipe valve of the storage kettle, closing an air inlet pipe valve of a fatigue kettle, and opening an air outlet pipe valve of the fatigue kettle;
(9) blowing high-purity argon into the storage kettle, and introducing the liquid lead-bismuth alloy into the fatigue kettle through a conduction pipe by virtue of air pressure;
(10) after the fatigue test sample is completely soaked in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the fatigue kettle, closing an air inlet pipe valve of the storage kettle while keeping an air outlet pipe valve closed, and closing the air outlet pipe valve of the fatigue kettle while keeping the air inlet pipe valve closed;
(11) reducing the temperature of the fatigue kettle to 180 +/-10 ℃;
(12) preheating the dissolved oxygen electrode at the temperature of 150-200 ℃ for 20-40 minutes, and completely inserting the dissolved oxygen electrode into the liquid lead-bismuth alloy; connecting the dissolved oxygen electrode with a high-precision voltmeter, and measuring and collecting the dissolved oxygen value in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in real time;
(13) heating the fatigue kettle to a target value, and keeping the temperature for 30-60 min;
(14) inputting test parameters on a fatigue testing machine;
(15) adjusting the load to 0N on a fatigue testing machine, and resetting the displacement relatively;
(16) starting a click and starting a fatigue test;
(17) setting a fatigue test stopping condition after the fatigue test is carried out for 100-500 weeks, and stopping the test when the peak tensile stress is reduced to 75% of the maximum peak tensile stress;
(18) after the test is finished, the fatigue test data are stored;
(19) cooling, taking out the dissolved oxygen electrode when the temperature is reduced to 250 +/-10 ℃, and then quickly screwing the clamping sleeve to maintain the tightness of the kettle body;
(20) introducing high-purity argon into an air inlet pipe of the fatigue kettle, opening an air outlet pipe valve of the storage kettle, keeping the air inlet pipe valve closed, opening the air inlet pipe valve of the fatigue kettle, and keeping the air outlet pipe valve closed;
(21) blowing high-purity argon into the fatigue kettle at a speed of 0.1-1L/min, and introducing the liquid lead-bismuth alloy into the storage kettle through a conduction pipe by virtue of air pressure;
(22) cooling the storage kettle, the fatigue kettle and the conduction pipe to room temperature, opening the fatigue kettle, disassembling the sample and storing properly;
(23) and (5) covering the fatigue kettle cover, and finishing the test.
The use method of the fatigue test device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment comprises the steps that when the temperature of a fatigue kettle, a storage kettle and a conduction pipe is higher than 250 ℃, high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen is introduced into an air inlet pipe of the storage kettle, so that liquid lead bismuth alloy in the storage kettle flows into the fatigue kettle, high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen is introduced into the air inlet pipe of the fatigue kettle, so that the liquid lead bismuth alloy in the fatigue kettle flows into the storage kettle, and mutual transfer of the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth alloy in the fatigue kettle and the storage kettle can be realized.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a fatigue test device in a high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment and a using method thereof.
2. The device disclosed by the invention is connected with the fatigue kettle and the storage kettle through the conduction pipe, so that the transfer of high-temperature liquid lead bismuth between the fatigue kettle and the storage kettle is realized, the fatigue test sample is conveniently loaded and unloaded in normal-temperature air, the operation is simple and convenient, and the lead bismuth vapor is not contacted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view showing the structure of the apparatus of the present invention. In the figure: 1. a fatigue testing machine; 2. a loading shaft; 3. a sample holder; 4. fatigue test samples; 5. a support bar; 6. a fatigue kettle; 7. a fatigue kettle cover; 8. a fatigue kettle body; 9. a heater; 10. a strain measurement system; 11. a dissolved oxygen electrode; 12. an O-shaped ring; 13. a fatigue kettle air inlet pipe; 14. an air outlet pipe of the fatigue kettle; 15. a conduction pipe; 16. storing the kettle; 17. a storage kettle air inlet pipe; 18. a storage kettle gas outlet pipe; 19. a control cabinet; 20. a cross beam; 21. and (4) a column.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the fatigue test device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment of the invention comprises: fatigue testing machine 1, loading axle 2, sample frame 3, fatigue sample 4, bracing piece 5, fatigue cauldron 6, fatigue cauldron kettle cover 7, the fatigue cauldron body 8, heater 9, strain measurement system 10, dissolved oxygen electrode 11, O type circle 12, fatigue cauldron intake pipe 13, fatigue cauldron outlet duct 14, conduction tube 15, storage cauldron 16, storage cauldron intake pipe 17, storage cauldron outlet duct 18, switch board 19, lead bismuth alloy etc. specific structure as follows:
the two upright posts 21 are arranged in parallel relatively, the cross beam 20 is arranged on the two upright posts 21, the fatigue testing machine 1 is fixedly arranged on the cross beam 20, and the bottom of the cross beam 20 is connected with the fatigue kettle cover 7 through two vertical support rods 5; the fatigue kettle 6 is formed by connecting a fatigue kettle cover 7 and a fatigue kettle body 8 which are arranged up and down through bolts, a red copper gasket is arranged between the fatigue kettle body 8 and the fatigue kettle cover 7, and sealing is realized by screwing the bolts; the outer side of the fatigue kettle body 8 is wrapped with a heater 9, a groove-shaped sample rack 3 is arranged in the inner cavity of the fatigue kettle body 8, the upper end of the groove-shaped sample rack 3 is installed at the bottom of the fatigue kettle cover 7, and a fatigue sample 4 is vertically arranged in the sample rack 3; the control cabinet 19 is connected with the heater 9 (a matched thermocouple) through a circuit, and the control cabinet 19 is used for supplying power and controlling temperature, so that the temperature control of the lead-bismuth alloy in the fatigue kettle body 8 is realized;
set up loading axle through-hole, linear differential variable voltage displacement sensor installing port, dissolved oxygen electrode installing port, tired cauldron intake pipe 13, tired cauldron outlet duct 14 on tired cauldron kettle cover 7, wherein: a loading shaft 2 at the output end of the fatigue testing machine 1 penetrates through the cross beam 20 and the fatigue kettle cover 7 to be connected with the upper end of a fatigue sample 4 in the fatigue kettle body 8, and the loading shaft 2 and the fatigue kettle cover 7 are sealed through an O-shaped ring 12 at a through hole of the loading shaft; the lower end of the fatigue sample 4 is connected with the inner bottom of the groove-shaped sample rack 3 through a connecting piece, the upper gauge length section and the lower gauge length section of the fatigue sample 4 are respectively connected with two linear differential variable voltage displacement transducers (LVDT) of a strain measurement system 10 through displacement transmission rods, and the strain measurement system 10 can measure the strain of the gauge length section of the fatigue sample 4 in a liquid lead bismuth environment in situ; two linear differential variable voltage displacement sensors (LVDT) are arranged on (outside) a fatigue kettle cover 7, two displacement transmission rods are respectively assembled at two ends of a fatigue sample gauge length section and inserted into the linear differential variable voltage displacement sensors (LVDT); and acquiring LVDT signals by using a control cabinet, wherein the difference value of the two LVDTs is the strain of the fatigue test sample gauge length section. The upper end of the dissolved oxygen electrode 11 extends to the upper part of the fatigue kettle cover 7, and the lower end of the dissolved oxygen electrode 11 penetrates through the fatigue kettle cover 7 to extend to the middle part of the inner cavity of the fatigue kettle body 8. One end of the fatigue kettle air inlet pipe 13 extends to the outer side of the fatigue kettle cover 7, and the other end of the fatigue kettle air inlet pipe 13 penetrates through a channel on the fatigue kettle cover 7 and extends to the lower part of the inner cavity of the fatigue kettle body 8; one end of the fatigue kettle gas outlet pipe 14 extends to the outer side of the fatigue kettle cover 7, and the other end of the fatigue kettle gas outlet pipe 14 penetrates through a channel on the fatigue kettle cover 7 to extend to the upper part of the inner cavity of the fatigue kettle body 8.
The lead bismuth alloy is placed in the fatigue kettle 6 or the storage kettle 16, the fatigue kettle 6 is connected with the bottom of an inner cavity of the storage kettle 16 through a conduction pipe 15, the outer side of the storage kettle 16 is wrapped by a heater 9 (a matched thermocouple), a control cabinet 19 is connected with the heater 9 through a circuit, power supply and temperature control are carried out by the control cabinet 19, and temperature control of the lead bismuth alloy in the storage kettle 16 is realized; in addition, the outside of the conduction pipe 15 can also be wrapped with a heater (a matched thermocouple), the control cabinet 19 is connected with the heater through a circuit, and the control cabinet 19 supplies power and controls temperature.
The fatigue test sample 4 is arranged on the test sample frame 3, the lead bismuth alloy is arranged in the fatigue kettle 6 or the storage kettle 16, and the temperature is raised to a target value by utilizing the control cabinet 19 and the heater, so that the fatigue behavior research of the metal material in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment can be carried out. When the temperature of the fatigue kettle 6, the storage kettle 16 and the conduction pipe 15 is higher than 250 ℃, high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen (with the volume purity of 99.999%) is introduced into the storage kettle air inlet pipe 17, so that the liquid lead bismuth alloy in the storage kettle 16 can flow into the fatigue kettle 6, and high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen (with the volume purity of 99.999%) is introduced into the fatigue kettle air inlet pipe 13, so that the liquid lead bismuth alloy in the fatigue kettle 6 can flow into the storage kettle 16, the mutual transfer of the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth alloy in the fatigue kettle 6 and the storage kettle 16 can be realized, and the fatigue sample 4 can be conveniently loaded and unloaded under the condition of normal temperature air. The control cabinet 19 is connected with the fatigue testing machine 1, the fatigue kettle heater and the thermocouple, the storage kettle heater and the thermocouple, and the conduction pipe heater and the thermocouple, so that the control of the fatigue testing machine 1, the temperature control of the fatigue kettle, the storage kettle and the conduction pipe heater are realized, and test data are collected. Therefore, the test temperature in the liquid lead bismuth environment can be accurately controlled, the test device keeps sealed, lead bismuth steam leakage in the test process is prevented, and the fatigue test of a fatigue sample in the liquid lead bismuth environment can be carried out.
The fatigue testing machine 1 is of a U-shaped structure (an actuator is arranged on the upper portion, and a steel plate is arranged at the bottom), has load control, displacement control and strain control modes, and can realize functions of triangular waves, sine waves, trapezoidal waves, combined waveforms and the like.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Examples
In this example, the fatigue test piece is 316L stainless steel, and the strain rate is 4 × 10 in a fatigue test under a saturated dissolved oxygen concentration condition in a 350 ℃ liquid lead bismuth environment-4s-1The rod-shaped fatigue test sample has a gauge length section with the diameter of 8mm and the length of 16 mm.
As shown in fig. 1, the device of the invention can develop slow fatigue and creep test research of metal materials in a liquid lead bismuth environment, can control/collect parameters such as test temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration in a liquid lead bismuth alloy, displacement, load, strain and the like in real time, and has the following use steps:
(1) putting a proper amount of lead-bismuth alloy into a storage kettle.
(2) Cleaning the sealing surfaces of the storage kettle body and the storage kettle cover by using wiping paper, cleaning a red copper gasket, putting the cleaned red copper gasket into a sealing groove at the top of the storage kettle body, arranging the storage kettle cover on the storage kettle body, and screwing a main sealing bolt by using a torque wrench (gradually screwing according to a diagonal line, increasing 50 N.m each time), wherein the recommended maximum torque is 100-150 N.m.
(3) And opening the fatigue testing machine, adjusting the fatigue testing machine to be in a displacement control mode, and adjusting the loading shaft to a proper position.
(4) Placing the fatigue sample on a sample frame in a fatigue kettle, adjusting a loading shaft to a proper position, changing a fatigue machine control mode into load control, adjusting the load to 1-2 kN, and fixing the fatigue sample.
(5) Wiping the sealing surfaces of the fatigue kettle body and the fatigue kettle cover by using wiping paper, wiping a red copper gasket, putting the cleaned red copper gasket into a sealing groove at the top of the fatigue kettle body, arranging the fatigue kettle cover on the fatigue kettle body, and screwing a main sealing bolt by using a torque wrench (the main sealing bolt is recommended to be screwed gradually according to a diagonal line, and 50 N.m is increased every time), wherein the maximum torque is recommended to be 100-150 N.m.
(6) And respectively filling inert gas (high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen) into the corresponding kettle bodies from the gas inlet pipe of the storage kettle and the gas inlet pipe of the fatigue kettle, and removing air in the kettle bodies, wherein the interior of the kettle bodies is in an inert gas protection state.
(7) Setting a target temperature on a control cabinet, recommending that the initial target temperature of the storage kettle and the conduction pipe is about 250 ℃ (higher than the eutectic melting point of the lead-bismuth alloy to convert the lead-bismuth alloy from solid state to liquid state), the target temperature of the fatigue kettle is 200 ℃, starting to heat up, keeping for about 30 minutes after reaching the target temperature value, and completely melting the lead-bismuth alloy in the storage kettle.
(8) And (3) introducing high-purity argon into a storage kettle air inlet pipe, opening a storage kettle air inlet pipe valve, closing a storage kettle air outlet pipe valve, closing a fatigue kettle air inlet pipe valve, and opening a fatigue kettle air outlet pipe valve.
(9) And blowing high-purity argon into the storage kettle, introducing the liquid lead-bismuth alloy into the fatigue kettle through the conduction pipe by virtue of air pressure, observing a thermocouple in the fatigue kettle, and indicating that the liquid level of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy reaches the position for installing the thermocouple when the temperature changes suddenly.
(10) And after the fatigue sample is completely soaked in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the fatigue kettle, closing the air inlet pipe valve of the storage kettle (simultaneously keeping the air outlet pipe valve closed), and closing the air outlet pipe valve of the fatigue kettle (simultaneously keeping the air inlet pipe valve closed).
(11) The fatigue kettle temperature was reduced to about 180 ℃.
(12) Preheating the dissolved oxygen electrode at the temperature of 180 ℃ for 30min, completely inserting the dissolved oxygen electrode into the liquid lead bismuth alloy, and screwing the ferrule for sealing. And (3) connecting the dissolved oxygen electrode with a high-precision voltmeter (the precision is 0.01mV), and measuring and collecting the dissolved oxygen value in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in real time.
(13) And starting to heat the fatigue kettle to a target value, and keeping the temperature for 60 min.
(14) Test parameters (amplitude of displacement, frequency, waveform) were input to the fatigue tester.
(15) The load was adjusted to 0N on the fatigue tester and the displacement was relatively cleared.
(16) The click starts and the fatigue test starts.
(17) After the fatigue test has been carried out for 300 weeks, a fatigue test stopping condition is set, generally set to stop the test when the peak tensile stress falls to 75% of the maximum peak tensile stress.
(18) After the test is completed, the fatigue test data (displacement, load, time, etc.) are stored.
(19) And (4) starting to cool, taking out the dissolved oxygen electrode when the temperature is reduced to about 250 ℃ (the temperature is prohibited to be reduced to the eutectic solidification point of the lead bismuth alloy so as to prevent the dissolved oxygen electrode from being damaged), and then quickly screwing the clamping sleeve to keep the tightness of the kettle body.
(20) Introducing high-purity argon into an air inlet pipe of the fatigue kettle, opening an air outlet pipe valve of the storage kettle (keeping the air inlet pipe valve closed), and opening an air inlet pipe valve of the fatigue kettle (keeping the air outlet pipe valve closed).
(21) And blowing high-purity argon into the fatigue kettle at a speed of 0.1-1L/min, introducing the liquid lead-bismuth alloy into the storage kettle through the conduction pipe by virtue of air pressure, observing the thermocouple in the storage kettle, and when the temperature changes suddenly, indicating that the liquid level of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy reaches the position where the thermocouple is installed, and exhausting the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the storage kettle.
(22) And cooling the storage kettle, the fatigue kettle and the conduction pipe to room temperature, opening the fatigue kettle, disassembling the sample and properly storing.
(23) And (5) covering the fatigue kettle cover, and finishing the test.
The embodiment result shows that the method can accurately control the test parameters of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy, such as temperature, strain rate, load and the like, and evaluate the fatigue performance of the metal material in the high-temperature liquid lead-bismuth environment.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a fatigue test device in liquid lead bismuth environment of high temperature which characterized in that, the device includes: fatigue testing machine, loading axle, sample frame, tired sample, bracing piece, tired cauldron, heater, strain measurement system, dissolved oxygen electrode, conduction pipe, storage kettle, concrete structure as follows:
the two upright posts are arranged in parallel relatively, the cross beam is arranged on the two upright posts, the fatigue testing machine is fixedly arranged on the cross beam, and the bottom of the cross beam is connected with the fatigue kettle cover through two vertical support rods; the fatigue kettle is formed by connecting a fatigue kettle cover and a fatigue kettle body which are arranged up and down through bolts; the outer side of the fatigue kettle body is wrapped with a heater, a groove-shaped sample rack is arranged in the inner cavity of the fatigue kettle body, the upper end of the groove-shaped sample rack is installed at the bottom of the fatigue kettle cover, and a fatigue sample is vertically arranged in the sample rack; the lead-bismuth alloy is placed in a fatigue kettle or a storage kettle, the fatigue kettle is connected with the bottom of an inner cavity of the storage kettle through a conduction pipe, and the storage kettle and the conduction pipe are wrapped by a heater;
set up loading axle through-hole, linear differential variable voltage displacement sensor installing port, dissolved oxygen electrode installing port, tired cauldron intake pipe, tired cauldron outlet duct on the tired cauldron kettle cover, wherein: a loading shaft at the output end of the fatigue testing machine penetrates through the cross beam and the fatigue kettle cover to be connected with the upper end of a fatigue sample in the fatigue kettle body; the lower end of the fatigue sample is connected with the inner bottom of the groove-shaped sample rack through a connecting piece, and the upper gauge length section and the lower gauge length section of the fatigue sample are respectively connected with two linear differential variable voltage displacement sensors of the strain measurement system through displacement transmission rods; the upper end of the dissolved oxygen electrode extends to the upper part of the fatigue kettle cover, and the lower end of the dissolved oxygen electrode penetrates through the fatigue kettle cover to extend to the middle part of the inner cavity of the fatigue kettle body.
2. The fatigue test device in the high-temperature liquid lead-bismuth environment according to claim 1, wherein the loading shaft is sealed with the fatigue kettle cover through an O-shaped ring at the loading shaft through hole.
3. The fatigue test device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment according to claim 1, wherein a red copper gasket is arranged between the fatigue kettle body and the fatigue kettle cover, and sealing is realized through bolt connection.
4. The fatigue testing device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control cabinet is connected with the fatigue testing machine, the fatigue kettle heater and the thermocouple, the storage kettle heater and the thermocouple, and the conduction tube heater and the thermocouple, so as to realize the control of the fatigue testing machine, the temperature control of the fatigue kettle, the storage kettle and the conduction tube heater, and collect the test data.
5. The fatigue test device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment according to claim 1, wherein two linear differential variable voltage displacement sensors are mounted on the fatigue kettle cover, two displacement transmission rods are respectively assembled at two ends of a fatigue sample gauge length section and inserted into the linear differential variable voltage displacement sensors; the linear differential variable voltage displacement sensor is connected with the control cabinet through a circuit, signals of the linear differential variable voltage displacement sensor are collected through the control cabinet, and the difference value of the signals of the two linear differential variable voltage displacement sensors is the fatigue sample gauge length strain.
6. The fatigue testing device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment according to claim 1, wherein one end of the fatigue kettle air inlet pipe extends to the outer side of the fatigue kettle cover, and the other end of the fatigue kettle air inlet pipe penetrates through a channel on the fatigue kettle cover and extends to the lower part of the inner cavity of the fatigue kettle body; one end of the fatigue kettle gas outlet pipe extends to the outer side of the fatigue kettle cover, and the other end of the fatigue kettle gas outlet pipe penetrates through a channel on the fatigue kettle cover to extend to the upper part of the inner cavity of the fatigue kettle body.
7. The fatigue testing device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment according to claim 1, wherein the fatigue testing machine is of a U-shaped structure, has a load control mode, a displacement control mode or a strain control mode, and can realize functions of triangular waves, sine waves, trapezoidal waves or combined waveforms.
8. The use method of the fatigue test device in the high-temperature liquid lead-bismuth environment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) putting the lead bismuth alloy into a storage kettle;
(2) wiping the sealing surfaces of the storage kettle body and the storage kettle cover by using wiping paper, wiping a red copper gasket clean, putting the cleaned red copper gasket into a sealing groove at the top of the storage kettle body, and arranging the storage kettle cover on the storage kettle body;
(3) opening the fatigue testing machine, and adjusting the fatigue testing machine to be in a displacement control mode;
(4) placing a fatigue sample on a sample frame in a fatigue kettle, changing a fatigue machine control mode into load control, adjusting the load to 1-2 kN, and fixing the fatigue sample;
(5) wiping the sealing surfaces of the fatigue kettle body and the fatigue kettle cover by using wiping paper, wiping a red copper gasket clean, putting the cleaned red copper gasket into a sealing groove at the top of the fatigue kettle body, and arranging the fatigue kettle cover on the fatigue kettle body;
(6) respectively filling inert gas into the corresponding kettle bodies from the gas inlet pipe of the storage kettle and the gas inlet pipe of the fatigue kettle, and removing air in the kettle bodies, wherein the interior of the kettle bodies is in an inert gas protection state;
(7) setting a target temperature on a control cabinet, recommending that the initial target temperature of a storage kettle and a conduction pipe is 250 +/-10 ℃, the target temperature of a fatigue kettle is 200 ℃, starting to heat up, and keeping for 20-40 minutes after the target temperature value is reached so as to completely melt the lead-bismuth alloy in the storage kettle;
(8) introducing high-purity argon into an air inlet pipe of a storage kettle, opening an air inlet pipe valve of the storage kettle, closing an air outlet pipe valve of the storage kettle, closing an air inlet pipe valve of a fatigue kettle, and opening an air outlet pipe valve of the fatigue kettle;
(9) blowing high-purity argon into the storage kettle, and introducing the liquid lead-bismuth alloy into the fatigue kettle through a conduction pipe by virtue of air pressure;
(10) after the fatigue test sample is completely soaked in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the fatigue kettle, closing an air inlet pipe valve of the storage kettle while keeping an air outlet pipe valve closed, and closing the air outlet pipe valve of the fatigue kettle while keeping the air inlet pipe valve closed;
(11) reducing the temperature of the fatigue kettle to 180 +/-10 ℃;
(12) preheating the dissolved oxygen electrode at the temperature of 150-200 ℃ for 20-40 minutes, and completely inserting the dissolved oxygen electrode into the liquid lead-bismuth alloy; connecting the dissolved oxygen electrode with a high-precision voltmeter, and measuring and collecting the dissolved oxygen value in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in real time;
(13) heating the fatigue kettle to a target value, and keeping the temperature for 30-60 min;
(14) inputting test parameters on a fatigue testing machine;
(15) adjusting the load to 0N on a fatigue testing machine, and resetting the displacement relatively;
(16) starting a click and starting a fatigue test;
(17) setting a fatigue test stopping condition after the fatigue test is carried out for 100-500 weeks, and stopping the test when the peak tensile stress is reduced to 75% of the maximum peak tensile stress;
(18) after the test is finished, the fatigue test data are stored;
(19) cooling, taking out the dissolved oxygen electrode when the temperature is reduced to 250 +/-10 ℃, and then quickly screwing the clamping sleeve to maintain the tightness of the kettle body;
(20) introducing high-purity argon into an air inlet pipe of the fatigue kettle, opening an air outlet pipe valve of the storage kettle, keeping the air inlet pipe valve closed, opening the air inlet pipe valve of the fatigue kettle, and keeping the air outlet pipe valve closed;
(21) blowing high-purity argon into the fatigue kettle at a speed of 0.1-1L/min, and introducing the liquid lead-bismuth alloy into the storage kettle through a conduction pipe by virtue of air pressure;
(22) cooling the storage kettle, the fatigue kettle and the conduction pipe to room temperature, opening the fatigue kettle, disassembling the sample and storing properly;
(23) and (5) covering the fatigue kettle cover, and finishing the test.
9. The use method of the fatigue testing device in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment according to claim 8, characterized in that when the temperature of the fatigue kettle, the storage kettle and the conduction pipe is more than 250 ℃, the liquid lead bismuth alloy in the storage kettle flows into the fatigue kettle by introducing high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen into the air inlet pipe of the storage kettle, and the liquid lead bismuth alloy in the fatigue kettle flows into the storage kettle by introducing high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen into the air inlet pipe of the fatigue kettle, so that the mutual transfer of the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth alloy in the fatigue kettle and the storage kettle can be realized.
CN202110408480.5A 2021-04-16 2021-04-16 Fatigue test device in high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment and use method Pending CN113203644A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114323991A (en) * 2021-11-23 2022-04-12 华东理工大学 Creep fatigue test device for high-temperature lead bismuth environment
WO2023109454A1 (en) * 2021-12-16 2023-06-22 青岛科技大学 Variable-temperature fatigue test device
CN116879082A (en) * 2023-09-01 2023-10-13 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 Load-environment coupling fatigue aging test device
CN117347209A (en) * 2023-10-11 2024-01-05 天津大学 Fretting corrosion abrasion testing machine suitable for high-temperature lead bismuth environment

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114323991A (en) * 2021-11-23 2022-04-12 华东理工大学 Creep fatigue test device for high-temperature lead bismuth environment
WO2023109454A1 (en) * 2021-12-16 2023-06-22 青岛科技大学 Variable-temperature fatigue test device
CN116879082A (en) * 2023-09-01 2023-10-13 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 Load-environment coupling fatigue aging test device
CN116879082B (en) * 2023-09-01 2024-02-06 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 Load-environment coupling fatigue aging test device
CN117347209A (en) * 2023-10-11 2024-01-05 天津大学 Fretting corrosion abrasion testing machine suitable for high-temperature lead bismuth environment
CN117347209B (en) * 2023-10-11 2024-03-19 天津大学 Fretting corrosion abrasion testing machine suitable for high-temperature lead bismuth environment

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