CN113202512B - Construction method for spliced tunnel inverted arch in weak surrounding rock section - Google Patents
Construction method for spliced tunnel inverted arch in weak surrounding rock section Download PDFInfo
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- CN113202512B CN113202512B CN202110622595.4A CN202110622595A CN113202512B CN 113202512 B CN113202512 B CN 113202512B CN 202110622595 A CN202110622595 A CN 202110622595A CN 113202512 B CN113202512 B CN 113202512B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/102—Removable shuttering; Bearing or supporting devices therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of an assembled tunnel inverted arch in a weak surrounding rock section, which comprises the following steps: 1. assembling and constructing a prefabricated inverted arch structure; 2. installing a prestressed tendon; 3. stretching and fixing the prestressed tendons. According to the invention, the prefabricated inverted arch structure is arranged, prefabricated components are adopted for factory prefabrication, and field assembly is carried out, so that the construction quality of the inverted arch can be effectively improved, and the labor cost is reduced; the construction process is simplified, and the operation time is reduced; the top and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are respectively penetrated with a prestressed rib, and prestress tensioning is carried out through the prestressed ribs so as to offset the tensile stress born by the top surface, so that the diseases such as longitudinal cracking and the like caused by uneven settlement of the arch foot of the inverted arch of the tunnel relative to the middle part can be effectively controlled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a construction method of an inverted arch of a spliced tunnel in a weak surrounding rock section.
Background
In the process of highway tunnel construction in the mountain areas of the middle and the middle parts, the problems of inverted arch cracking, bottom drum and the like under geological conditions such as high ground stress, weak surrounding rock and the like are mainly solved. The inverted arch is one of the main components of the lining structure of the tunnel, and is a reverse arch structure arranged at the bottom of the tunnel for improving the stress condition of the upper supporting structure. The tunnel inverted arch can produce ascending uplift deformation under the condition of weak surrounding rock and high ground stress to apply effort to inverted arch filling, cause inverted arch fracture, and then lead to the tunnel to appear the bottom drum, bring very big harm for follow-up tunnel operation.
In order to prevent the inverted arch from cracking, an inverted arch with larger construction rigidity and sagittal span ratio is generally adopted in engineering, the cost of the treatment measures is higher, the depth of excavation can be increased due to deepening of the inverted arch, the backfill amount of the inverted arch is increased, the working procedure time is prolonged, and timely sealing and looping of tunnel support are not facilitated. Inverted arch construction belongs to hidden engineering, construction quality is not easy to control, and potential safety hazards are buried stably for a tunnel inverted arch structure system; the application of the pre-stress prefabricated inverted arch structure in the highway tunnel is less, and the corresponding engineering practice experience is lacked. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the existing research results to provide a novel spliced tunnel prestress inverted arch structure.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a construction method of the assembled tunnel inverted arch at the weak surrounding rock section, and the construction method comprises the steps of arranging the prefabricated inverted arch structure, adopting prefabricated components to perform factory prefabrication and performing field assembly, so that the construction quality of the inverted arch can be effectively improved, and the labor cost is reduced; the construction process is simplified, and the operation time is reduced; the top and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are respectively penetrated with a prestressed rib, and prestress tensioning is carried out through the prestressed ribs so as to offset the tensile stress born by the top surface, so that the diseases such as longitudinal cracking and the like caused by uneven settlement of the arch foot of the inverted arch of the tunnel relative to the middle part can be effectively controlled.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the construction method of the assembled tunnel inverted arch in the weak surrounding rock section comprises the steps of firstly excavating and supporting a tunnel before constructing the tunnel inverted arch, excavating the tunnel from back to front along the longitudinal extending direction of the tunnel, and carrying out primary supporting on the excavated tunnel to obtain a primary supporting structure for supporting the tunnel;
characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
step one, prefabricating an inverted arch structure and splicing and constructing: assembling the prefabricated inverted arch structure at the bottom of the tunnel with the primary support completed, wherein the prefabricated inverted arch structure is assembled from back to front along the longitudinal extending direction of the tunnel;
the prefabricated inverted arch structure comprises a plurality of prefabricated inverted arch units with the same structure size, and the prefabricated inverted arch units are sequentially distributed along the longitudinal extending direction of the tunnel; placing a prefabricated inverted arch unit at the bottom of the primary support structure, and fixedly connecting the end part of the prefabricated inverted arch unit with the arch foot of the primary support structure; the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is of an arc-shaped structure, and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is attached to the bottom of the tunnel;
placing another prefabricated inverted arch unit on the front side of the prefabricated inverted arch unit which is installed up to the previous prefabricated inverted arch unit, and fixedly connecting the end part of the prefabricated inverted arch unit with the arch foot of the primary support structure; the prefabricated inverted arch unit is connected with the prefabricated inverted arch unit by connecting bolts; until the assembly of all the prefabricated inverted arch units is completed;
step two, installing a prestressed tendon: the top and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are respectively provided with a prestressed rib in a penetrating mode, and the prestressed ribs are distributed along the length direction of the prefabricated inverted arch unit;
both ends of the prestressed tendons at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are fixed ends; one end of the prestressed tendon at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is a fixed end, and the other end of the prestressed tendon is a tensioning end; tensioning ends of the prestressed tendons at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit in the prefabricated inverted arch structure are distributed in a staggered mode;
step three, stretching and fixing the prestressed tendons: and respectively tensioning the prefabricated inverted arch units from back to front along the extending direction of the tunnel, wherein the tensioning methods of the prefabricated inverted arch units are the same, and the tensioning process of each prefabricated inverted arch unit is as follows:
and sleeving the penetrating jack on the tensioning end of the prestressed tendon at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit, starting the penetrating jack to tension the prestressed tendon until the prestressed tendon reaches the tension required by design, and fixing the tensioning end of the prestressed tendon by utilizing an anchor.
The construction method of the spliced tunnel inverted arch in the weak surrounding rock section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in step one, the prefabricated inverted arch unit is including setting up middle part inverted arch prefab and the symmetry setting of tunnel bottom intermediate position are in middle part inverted arch prefab both sides and with the limit portion inverted arch prefab that primary support structure is connected, middle part inverted arch prefab with be provided with lateral part inverted arch prefab between the limit portion inverted arch prefab, middle part inverted arch prefab lateral part inverted arch prefab with the bottom of limit portion inverted arch prefab is the arc structure.
The construction method of the spliced tunnel inverted arch in the weak surrounding rock section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the longitudinal sections of the middle inverted arch prefabricated parts are isosceles trapezoids, the longitudinal sections of the side inverted arch prefabricated parts and the longitudinal sections of the side inverted arch prefabricated parts are right trapezoid, and the bottom surfaces of the middle inverted arch prefabricated parts, the side inverted arch prefabricated parts and the side inverted arch prefabricated parts are cambered surfaces; and the top surface of the side inverted arch prefabricated member is provided with a mounting groove for mounting the penetrating jack.
The construction method of the spliced tunnel inverted arch in the weak surrounding rock section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the middle inverted arch prefabricated part, the side inverted arch prefabricated part and the side inverted arch prefabricated part are all concrete prefabricated parts, and the inside of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part, the inside of the side inverted arch prefabricated part and the inside of the side inverted arch prefabricated part are hollow structures.
The construction method of the spliced tunnel inverted arch in the weak surrounding rock section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the top and the bottom of prefabricated inverted arch unit have all offered the confession the mounting hole of prestressing tendons installation, are located the mounting hole level at prefabricated inverted arch unit top is laid the top of prefabricated inverted arch unit, be located the mounting hole of prefabricated inverted arch unit bottom is the arc structure.
The construction method of the spliced tunnel inverted arch in the weak surrounding rock section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the top of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member is horizontally provided with a middle upper mounting hole, the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member is horizontally provided with a side upper mounting hole, and the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member is horizontally provided with a side upper mounting hole;
the mounting holes on the middle part, the side part and the side part are all positioned on the same horizontal line, and the mounting holes on the middle part, the side part and the side part are communicated and form the mounting hole at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit together.
The construction method of the spliced tunnel inverted arch in the weak surrounding rock section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the bottom of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part is provided with a middle lower mounting hole; the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated member is provided with a side lower mounting hole; the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated member is provided with a side lower mounting hole; the lower mounting holes, the side lower mounting holes and the side lower mounting holes are all of arc structures, and the central axes of the lower mounting holes, the side lower mounting holes and the side lower mounting holes are all positioned on the same section of arc;
the middle lower mounting hole, the side lower mounting holes and the side lower mounting holes are communicated and form the mounting holes at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit together.
The construction method of the spliced tunnel inverted arch in the weak surrounding rock section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: one end of the prestress rib positioned at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is fixed through a fixing piece, and the other end of the prestress rib positioned at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit horizontally sequentially passes through the middle upper mounting hole, the side upper mounting hole and then extends into the mounting groove at one side of the prefabricated inverted arch unit; and the two ends of the prestressed tendons positioned at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are fixed through fixing pieces.
The construction method of the spliced tunnel inverted arch in the weak surrounding rock section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step one, the assembly method of each prefabricated inverted arch unit is the same, and the assembly process of each prefabricated inverted arch unit is as follows:
step a, hoisting one side inverted arch prefabricated member to an arch foot position of the primary support structure, wherein a mounting groove of the side inverted arch prefabricated member is close to the primary support structure, and the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated member is abutted with the bottom of the tunnel; fixedly connecting one end of the side inverted arch prefabricated member with an arch foot of the primary support structure;
b, hoisting one side inverted arch prefabricated part to the other end of the side inverted arch prefabricated part;
the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated part is abutted with the bottom of the tunnel, the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part is flush with the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part, so that the side lower mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated part is communicated with the side lower mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated part, and the side upper mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated part is communicated with the side upper mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated part; and connecting the contact surfaces of the side inverted arch prefabricated parts and the side inverted arch prefabricated parts by using connecting bolts;
c, hoisting the middle inverted arch prefabricated member to the middle position of the bottom of the tunnel;
the bottom of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part is abutted with the bottom of the tunnel, the top of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part is flush with the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part, so that a middle lower mounting hole of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part is communicated with a side lower mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated part, and a middle upper mounting hole of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part is communicated with a side upper mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated part; connecting the contact surfaces of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part and the side inverted arch prefabricated parts by using connecting bolts;
d, hoisting another side inverted arch prefabricated part to the other side of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part;
the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated part is abutted with the bottom of the tunnel, the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part is flush with the top of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part, so that the side lower mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated part is communicated with the middle lower mounting hole of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part, and the side upper mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated part is communicated with the middle upper mounting hole of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part; connecting the contact surfaces of the end parts of the side inverted arch prefabricated parts and the middle inverted arch prefabricated parts by using connecting bolts;
step e, hoisting another side inverted arch prefabricated part to one side of the other side inverted arch prefabricated part, and enabling the installation groove of the side inverted arch prefabricated part to be close to the primary support structure;
the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated part is abutted with the bottom of the tunnel, the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part is flush with the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part, so that the side lower mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated part is communicated with the side lower mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated part, and the side upper mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated part is communicated with the side upper mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated part; and connecting one end of the side inverted arch prefabricated member with the end of the side inverted arch prefabricated member by using a connecting bolt, and fixedly connecting the other end of the side inverted arch prefabricated member with the other arch foot of the primary support structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the prefabricated inverted arch structure is arranged, prefabricated components are adopted for factory prefabrication, and field assembly is carried out, so that the construction quality of the inverted arch can be effectively improved, and the labor cost is reduced; the construction process is simplified, and the operation time is reduced.
2. According to the invention, the top and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are respectively provided with the prestressed tendons, and the prestressed tendons are used for performing prestress tensioning to offset the tensile stress born by the top surface, so that the diseases such as longitudinal cracking and the like caused by uneven settlement of the inverted arch feet of the tunnel relative to the middle part can be effectively controlled.
3. The prefabricated inverted arch structure is formed by splicing the prefabricated inverted arch units with the same size as the prefabricated inverted arch units, so that the prefabricated inverted arch structure is higher in strength and rigidity and better in compression resistance, and can effectively reduce the deformation of a road surface layer, thereby reducing the local pressure of the road surface and further reducing the local pressure of the inverted arch.
In summary, the prefabricated inverted arch structure is arranged, prefabricated components are adopted for factory prefabrication, and field assembly is carried out, so that the construction quality of the inverted arch can be effectively improved, and the labor cost is reduced; the construction process is simplified, and the operation time is reduced; the top and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are respectively penetrated with a prestressed rib, and prestress tensioning is carried out through the prestressed ribs so as to offset the tensile stress born by the top surface, so that the diseases such as longitudinal cracking and the like caused by uneven settlement of the arch foot of the inverted arch of the tunnel relative to the middle part can be effectively controlled.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection between a prefabricated inverted arch unit and an primary support structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the construction state of the installation of the tendon of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the prefabricated inverted arch structure of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the middle inverted arch preform of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the side inverted arch preform of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the side inverted arch preform of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the connection of a middle inverted arch preform and a side inverted arch preform of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the connection of the side inverted arch preform and the side inverted arch preform of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-a tunnel; 2-primary support structure; 3-connecting bolts;
4-middle inverted arch prefabricated part; 4-1, a middle upper mounting hole; 4-2, a middle lower mounting hole;
5-side inverted arch preform; 5-1-mounting holes on the sides; 5-2-side lower mounting holes;
6-side inverted arch prefabricated parts; 6-1, a mounting groove; 6-2, mounting holes on the edge;
6-3, an edge part lower mounting hole; 7-prestress ribs; 8, mounting holes;
10-a water stop strip; 11-fixing piece.
Detailed Description
The construction method of the spliced tunnel inverted arch in the weak surrounding rock section as shown in fig. 1 to 9 comprises the steps of firstly excavating and supporting a tunnel 1 before constructing the inverted arch of the tunnel 1, excavating the tunnel 1 from back to front along the longitudinal extension direction of the tunnel 1, and carrying out primary supporting on the excavated tunnel 1 to obtain a primary supporting structure 2 for supporting the tunnel 1; the method comprises the following steps:
step one, prefabricating an inverted arch structure and splicing and constructing: assembling a prefabricated inverted arch structure at the bottom of the tunnel 1 with the primary support completed, wherein the prefabricated inverted arch structure is assembled from back to front along the longitudinal extending direction of the tunnel 1;
the prefabricated inverted arch structure comprises a plurality of prefabricated inverted arch units with the same structure size, and the prefabricated inverted arch units are sequentially distributed along the longitudinal extending direction of the tunnel 1; placing a prefabricated inverted arch unit at the bottom of the primary support structure 2, and fixedly connecting the end of the prefabricated inverted arch unit with the arch foot of the primary support structure 2; the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is of an arc-shaped structure, and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is attached to the bottom of the tunnel 1;
placing another prefabricated inverted arch unit on the front side of the prefabricated inverted arch unit which is installed up to the previous prefabricated inverted arch unit, and fixedly connecting the end part of the prefabricated inverted arch unit with the arch foot of the primary support structure 2; the prefabricated inverted arch unit is connected with the previous truss by using a connecting bolt 3; until the assembly of all the prefabricated inverted arch units is completed;
step two, installing a prestressed tendon: the top and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are respectively provided with a prestressed rib 7 in a penetrating mode, and the prestressed ribs 7 are distributed along the length direction of the prefabricated inverted arch unit;
both ends of the prestressed tendons 7 at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are fixed ends; one end of the prestressed rib 7 at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is a fixed end, and the other end of the prestressed rib 7 is a tensioning end; tensioning ends of the prestressed tendons 7 at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit in the prefabricated inverted arch structure are distributed in a staggered mode;
step three, stretching and fixing the prestressed tendons: and respectively tensioning the prefabricated inverted arch units from back to front along the extending direction of the tunnel 1, wherein the tensioning methods of the prefabricated inverted arch units are the same, and the tensioning process of each prefabricated inverted arch unit is as follows:
and sleeving a penetrating jack on the tensioning end of the prestressed reinforcement 7 at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit, starting the penetrating jack to tension the prestressed reinforcement 7 until the prestressed reinforcement 7 reaches the tension required by design, and fixing the tensioning end of the prestressed reinforcement 7 by utilizing an anchoring piece.
When in actual use, the prefabricated inverted arch structure is arranged, prefabricated components are adopted for factory prefabrication, and field assembly is carried out, so that the construction quality of the inverted arch can be effectively improved, and the labor cost is reduced; the construction process is simplified, and the operation time is reduced.
The top and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are respectively penetrated with a prestressed rib 7, and prestress tensioning is carried out through the prestressed ribs 7 to offset the tensile stress born by the top surface, so that diseases such as longitudinal cracking and the like caused by uneven settlement of the inverted arch feet of the tunnel relative to the middle part can be effectively controlled.
In addition, prefabricated inverted arch structure is assembled by the equal prefabricated inverted arch unit of many pin structural dimension and forms, makes prefabricated inverted arch structural strength and rigidity are higher, and compressive property is better, can effectively reduce the road surface layer and warp to reduce road surface local pressure, and then reduce inverted arch local pressure.
The method is characterized in that finite element software is utilized to analyze inverted arch stress in a tunnel 1 to obtain internal force, axial force and bending moment information of each unit of the inverted arch, the prestress degree is selected, effective prestress required by an inverted arch concrete structure is calculated, and then the area of a required prestress rib is calculated by referring to related prestress concrete design specifications; and selecting the prestressed reinforcement 7 with a proper cross-sectional area according to the area of the prestressed reinforcement obtained by preliminary calculation. The tensioning ends of the prestressed tendons 7 at the tops of two adjacent prefabricated inverted arch units in the prefabricated inverted arch structure are distributed in a staggered mode, tensioning of the prestressed tendons 7 in each prefabricated inverted arch unit cannot be affected in actual construction, and construction is facilitated.
Particularly, before the prefabricated inverted arch structure is installed, the size and the geometric shape of the excavated inverted arch substrate are required to be checked, then the loose stones and sundries on the inverted arch substrate are removed, and after the check is qualified, a leveling layer is paved, so that the installation of the inverted arch structure is facilitated. The anchor backing plate is cleaned before the prestressed tendons 7 are tensioned, the plastic sleeve covered by the exposed steel strands is stripped, the anchors are inspected one by one, the lengths of the exposed unbonded tendons are measured one by one, and the lengths are recorded to be used as the original lengths before tensioning. After the stretching of the prefabricated inverted arch structure is finished, paving the top of the prefabricated inverted arch structure
When in actual use, a pitching annular splicing seam is reserved between the prefabricated inverted arch units, and when the prefabricated inverted arch units are connected, the connecting bolts 3 are utilized to connect the contact surfaces of the prefabricated inverted arch units, and the connecting bolts 3 are distributed in the pitching annular splicing seam. In order to facilitate the installation of the connecting bolts 3, through holes for installing the connecting bolts 3 are formed between two adjacent prefabricated inverted arch units in advance. As shown in fig. 7, a water stop strip 10 is also provided between two adjacent preforms.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, in the first step, the prefabricated inverted arch unit includes a middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4 disposed at a middle position of a bottom of the tunnel 1 and side inverted arch prefabricated members 6 symmetrically disposed at two sides of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4 and connected with the primary support structure 2, a side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 is disposed between the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4 and the side inverted arch prefabricated member 6, and the bottom of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4, the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 and the side inverted arch prefabricated member 6 are of an arc structure.
In actual use, the middle inverted arch prefabricated part 4, the side inverted arch prefabricated parts 5 and the side inverted arch prefabricated parts 6 are all made of mixture composed of quartz sand, steel fiber, ordinary Portland cement and the like; feeding the mixture into a die for kneading, and vibrating and forming to obtain a primary inverted arch prefabricated member; and (5) after curing in the later period, preparing the inverted arch prefabricated member.
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, in this embodiment, the longitudinal section of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part 4 is isosceles trapezoid, the longitudinal section of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 and the longitudinal section of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 6 are both right trapezoid, and the bottom surfaces of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part 4, the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 and the side inverted arch prefabricated part 6 are cambered surfaces; the top surface of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 6 is provided with a mounting groove 6-1 for mounting a penetrating jack.
In practical use, the main function of the installation groove 6-1 is to facilitate tensioning and fixing of the prestressed tendons 7 at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, in this embodiment, the middle inverted arch prefabricated part 4, the side inverted arch prefabricated parts 5 and the side inverted arch prefabricated parts 6 are all concrete prefabricated parts, and the interiors of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part 4, the side inverted arch prefabricated parts 5 and the side inverted arch prefabricated parts 6 are all hollow structures.
During actual use, will middle part inverted arch prefab 4, lateral part inverted arch prefab 5 and limit portion inverted arch prefab 6 are hollow structure, all include roof, diapire and both sides's lateral wall, surround by roof, diapire and both sides lateral wall and constitute the cavity that runs through, can save the materials to the concrete, saved manufacturing cost. The cavities of the middle inverted arch prefabricated parts 4 in each of the prefabricated inverted arch units of the prefabricated inverted arch structure are communicated along the longitudinal extending direction of the tunnel 1; the cavities of the side inverted arch prefabricated parts 5 are communicated along the longitudinal extending direction of the tunnel 1; the cavities of the side inverted arch prefabricated parts 6 are communicated along the longitudinal extending direction of the tunnel 1 to form a tunnel longitudinal channel.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the top and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are both provided with mounting holes 8 for mounting the prestressed tendons 7, the mounting holes 8 located at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are horizontally arranged at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit, and the mounting holes 8 located at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are arc structures.
As shown in fig. 1, 4, 5 and 6, in this embodiment, the top of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4 is horizontally provided with a middle upper mounting hole 4-1, the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 is horizontally provided with a side upper mounting hole 5-1, and the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 6 is horizontally provided with a side upper mounting hole 6-2;
the middle upper mounting hole 4-1, the side upper mounting holes 5-1 and the side upper mounting holes 6-2 are all positioned on the same horizontal line, and the middle upper mounting hole 4-1, the side upper mounting holes 5-1 and the side upper mounting holes 6-2 are communicated and form a mounting hole 8 at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit together.
As shown in fig. 1, 4, 5 and 6, in this embodiment, a middle lower mounting hole 4-2 is formed at the bottom of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4; the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 is provided with a side lower mounting hole 5-2; the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 6 is provided with a side lower mounting hole 6-3; the lower mounting holes 4-2, the side lower mounting holes 5-2 and the side lower mounting holes 6-3 are all arc-shaped structures, and the central axes of the lower mounting holes 4-2, the side lower mounting holes 5-2 and the side lower mounting holes 6-3 are all positioned on the same section of arc;
the middle lower mounting hole 4-2, the side lower mounting holes 5-2 and the side lower mounting holes 6-3 are communicated and form a mounting hole 8 at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit.
In this embodiment, one end of the tendon 7 located at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is fixed by a fixing piece 11, and the other end of the tendon 7 located at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit horizontally passes through the middle upper mounting hole 4-1, the side upper mounting hole 5-1 and the side upper mounting hole 6-2 in sequence and then extends into the mounting groove 6-1 at one side of the prefabricated inverted arch unit; both ends of the tendon 7 located at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are fixed by fixing pieces 11.
In this embodiment, step one, the assembling method of each prefabricated inverted arch unit is the same, and the assembling process of each prefabricated inverted arch unit is as follows:
step a, hoisting one side inverted arch prefabricated part 6 to an arch foot position of the primary support structure 2, wherein a mounting groove 6-1 of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 6 is close to the primary support structure 2, and the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 6 is abutted with the bottom of the tunnel 1; and fixedly connecting one end of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 6 with the arch foot of the primary support structure 2;
step b, hoisting one side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 to the other end of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 6;
wherein the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 is abutted with the bottom of the tunnel 1, the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 is level with the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 6, so that the side lower mounting hole 5-2 of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 is communicated with the side lower mounting hole 6-3 of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 6, and the side upper mounting hole 5-1 of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 is communicated with the side upper mounting hole 6-2 of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 6; and connecting the contact surfaces of the side inverted arch preform 5 and the side inverted arch preform 6 by using a connecting bolt 3;
step c, hoisting the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4 to the middle position of the bottom of the tunnel 1;
the bottom of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part 4 is abutted with the bottom of the tunnel 1, the top of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part 4 is flush with the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5, so that a middle lower mounting hole 4-2 of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part 4 is communicated with a side lower mounting hole 5-2 of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5, and a middle upper mounting hole 4-1 of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part 4 is communicated with a side upper mounting hole 5-1 of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5; and connecting the contact surfaces of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part 4 and the side inverted arch prefabricated parts 5 by using connecting bolts 3;
step d, hoisting another side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 to the other side of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part 4;
the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 is abutted with the bottom of the tunnel 1, the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 is flush with the top of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part 4, so that the side lower mounting hole 5-2 of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 is communicated with the middle lower mounting hole 4-2 of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part 4, and the side upper mounting hole 5-1 of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 is communicated with the middle upper mounting hole 4-1 of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part 4; and connecting the contact surfaces of the end parts of the side inverted arch prefabricated parts 5 and the middle inverted arch prefabricated parts 4 by using connecting bolts 3;
step e, hoisting the other side inverted arch prefabricated part 6 to one side of the other side inverted arch prefabricated part 5, and enabling the mounting groove 6-1 of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 6 to be close to the primary support structure 2;
wherein the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 is abutted with the bottom of the tunnel 1, the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 is level with the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 6, so that the side lower mounting hole 5-2 of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 is communicated with the side lower mounting hole 6-3 of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 6, and the side upper mounting hole 5-1 of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 is communicated with the side upper mounting hole 6-2 of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 6; and one end of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 6 is connected with the end of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 by a connecting bolt 3, and the other end of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 6 is fixedly connected with the other arch foot of the primary support structure 2.
In actual use, in order to facilitate the installation of the connecting bolt 3, a through hole for installing the connecting bolt 3 is pre-opened between two adjacent inverted arch prefabricated members to be connected.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple modification, variation and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The construction method of the assembled tunnel inverted arch of the weak surrounding rock section comprises the steps of firstly excavating and supporting a tunnel (1) before constructing the inverted arch of the tunnel (1), excavating the tunnel (1) from back to front along the longitudinal extension direction of the tunnel (1), and carrying out primary supporting on the excavated tunnel (1) to obtain an primary supporting structure (2) for supporting the tunnel (1);
characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
step one, prefabricating an inverted arch structure and splicing and constructing: assembling a prefabricated inverted arch structure at the bottom of the tunnel (1) with the primary support completed, wherein the prefabricated inverted arch structure is assembled from back to front along the longitudinal extending direction of the tunnel (1);
the prefabricated inverted arch structure comprises a plurality of prefabricated inverted arch units with the same structure size, and the prefabricated inverted arch units are sequentially distributed along the longitudinal extending direction of the tunnel (1); placing a prefabricated inverted arch unit at the bottom of the primary support structure (2), and fixedly connecting the end part of the prefabricated inverted arch unit with the arch foot of the primary support structure (2); the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is of an arc-shaped structure, and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is attached to the bottom of the tunnel (1);
placing another prefabricated inverted arch unit on the front side of the prefabricated inverted arch unit which is installed up to the previous prefabricated inverted arch unit, and fixedly connecting the end part of the prefabricated inverted arch unit with the arch foot of the primary support structure (2); and is connected with the prefabricated inverted arch unit of the previous truss by a connecting bolt (3); until the assembly of all the prefabricated inverted arch units is completed;
step two, installing a prestressed tendon: the top and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are respectively provided with a prestressed rib (7), and the prestressed ribs (7) are distributed along the length direction of the prefabricated inverted arch unit;
both ends of the prestressed tendons (7) at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are fixed ends; one end of the prestressed tendon (7) at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is a fixed end, and the other end of the prestressed tendon (7) is a tensioning end; stretching ends of the prestressed tendons (7) at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit in the prefabricated inverted arch structure are distributed in a staggered mode;
step three, stretching and fixing the prestressed tendons: and stretching a plurality of prefabricated inverted arch units from back to front along the extending direction of the tunnel (1), wherein the stretching methods of the prefabricated inverted arch units are the same, and the stretching process of each prefabricated inverted arch unit is as follows:
sleeving a penetrating jack on a tensioning end of a prestressed rib (7) at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit, starting the penetrating jack to tension the prestressed rib (7) until the prestressed rib (7) reaches the tension required by design, and fixing the tensioning end of the prestressed rib (7) by using an anchoring piece;
in the first step, the prefabricated inverted arch unit comprises a middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4) arranged at the middle position of the bottom of the tunnel (1) and side inverted arch prefabricated parts (6) symmetrically arranged at two sides of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4) and connected with the primary support structure (2), a side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) is arranged between the middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4) and the side inverted arch prefabricated part (6), and the bottoms of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4), the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) and the side inverted arch prefabricated part (6) are arc structures;
the longitudinal sections of the middle inverted arch prefabricated parts (4) are isosceles trapezoids, the longitudinal sections of the side inverted arch prefabricated parts (5) and the longitudinal sections of the side inverted arch prefabricated parts (6) are right trapezoid, and the bottom surfaces of the middle inverted arch prefabricated parts (4), the side inverted arch prefabricated parts (5) and the side inverted arch prefabricated parts (6) are cambered surfaces; the top surface of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (6) is provided with a mounting groove (6-1) for mounting a penetrating jack;
the middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4), the side inverted arch prefabricated parts (5) and the side inverted arch prefabricated parts (6) are all concrete prefabricated parts, and the inside of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4), the inside of the side inverted arch prefabricated parts (5) and the inside of the side inverted arch prefabricated parts (6) are hollow structures.
2. The construction method of the spliced tunnel inverted arch in the weak surrounding rock section, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the top and the bottom of prefabricated inverted arch unit have all offered and have supplied mounting hole (8) of prestressing tendons (7) installation are located mounting hole (8) level at prefabricated inverted arch unit top is laid the top of prefabricated inverted arch unit, be located mounting hole (8) of prefabricated inverted arch unit bottom are the arc structure.
3. The construction method of the spliced tunnel inverted arch in the weak surrounding rock section, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the top of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4) is horizontally provided with a middle upper mounting hole (4-1), the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) is horizontally provided with a side upper mounting hole (5-1), and the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (6) is horizontally provided with a side upper mounting hole (6-2);
the mounting holes (4-1) in the middle, the mounting holes (5-1) in the side parts and the mounting holes (6-2) in the side parts are all positioned on the same horizontal line, and the mounting holes (4-1) in the middle, the mounting holes (5-1) in the side parts and the mounting holes (6-2) in the side parts are communicated and form the mounting holes (8) in the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit together.
4. The construction method of the spliced tunnel inverted arch in the weak surrounding rock section according to claim 3, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the bottom of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4) is provided with a middle lower mounting hole (4-2); the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) is provided with a side lower mounting hole (5-2); the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (6) is provided with a side lower mounting hole (6-3); the lower mounting holes (4-2), the side lower mounting holes (5-2) and the side lower mounting holes (6-3) are all of arc-shaped structures, and central axes of the lower mounting holes (4-2), the side lower mounting holes (5-2) and the side lower mounting holes (6-3) are all positioned on the same section of arc;
the middle lower mounting hole (4-2), the side lower mounting holes (5-2) and the side lower mounting holes (6-3) are communicated and form a mounting hole (8) at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit.
5. The construction method of the spliced tunnel inverted arch in the weak surrounding rock section, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: one end of the prestress rib (7) positioned at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is fixed through a fixing piece (11), and the other end of the prestress rib (7) positioned at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit horizontally penetrates through the middle upper mounting hole (4-1), the side upper mounting hole (5-1) and the side upper mounting hole (6-2) in sequence and then extends into the mounting groove (6-1) at one side of the prefabricated inverted arch unit; the two ends of the prestressed tendons (7) positioned at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are fixed through fixing pieces (11).
6. The construction method of the spliced tunnel inverted arch in the weak surrounding rock section, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step one, the assembly method of each prefabricated inverted arch unit is the same, and the assembly process of each prefabricated inverted arch unit is as follows:
hoisting one side inverted arch prefabricated part (6) to an arch foot position of the primary support structure (2), wherein a mounting groove (6-1) of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (6) is close to the primary support structure (2), and the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (6) is abutted with the bottom of the tunnel (1); one end of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (6) is fixedly connected with the arch foot of the primary support structure (2);
step b, hoisting one side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) to the other end of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (6);
the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) is abutted with the bottom of the tunnel (1), the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) is flush with the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (6), the side lower mounting hole (5-2) of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) is communicated with the side lower mounting hole (6-3) of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (6), and the side upper mounting hole (5-1) of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) is communicated with the side upper mounting hole (6-2) of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (6); and connecting the contact surfaces of the side inverted arch prefabricated parts (5) and the side inverted arch prefabricated parts (6) by using connecting bolts (3);
c, hoisting the middle inverted arch prefabricated member (4) to the middle position of the bottom of the tunnel (1);
the bottom of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4) is abutted with the bottom of the tunnel (1), the top of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4) is flush with the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5), so that a middle lower mounting hole (4-2) of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4) is communicated with a side lower mounting hole (5-2) of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5), and a middle upper mounting hole (4-1) of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4) is communicated with a side upper mounting hole (5-1) of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5); and connecting the contact surfaces of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4) and the side inverted arch prefabricated parts (5) by using connecting bolts (3);
d, hoisting another side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) to the other side of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4);
the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) is abutted with the bottom of the tunnel (1), the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) is flush with the top of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4), so that a side lower mounting hole (5-2) of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) is communicated with a middle lower mounting hole (4-2) of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4), and a side upper mounting hole (5-1) of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) is communicated with a middle upper mounting hole (4-1) of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4); and connecting the contact surfaces of the end parts of the side inverted arch prefabricated parts (5) and the middle inverted arch prefabricated parts (4) by using connecting bolts (3);
step e, hoisting the other side inverted arch prefabricated part (6) to one side of the other side inverted arch prefabricated part (5), and enabling the installation groove (6-1) of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (6) to be close to the primary support structure (2);
the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) is abutted with the bottom of the tunnel (1), the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) is flush with the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (6), the side lower mounting hole (5-2) of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) is communicated with the side lower mounting hole (6-3) of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (6), and the side upper mounting hole (5-1) of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) is communicated with the side upper mounting hole (6-2) of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (6); and one end of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (6) is connected with the end part of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) by using a connecting bolt (3), and the other end of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (6) is fixedly connected with the other arch foot of the primary support structure (2).
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