CN113202512A - Inverted arch construction method for split mounting type tunnel in weak surrounding rock section - Google Patents
Inverted arch construction method for split mounting type tunnel in weak surrounding rock section Download PDFInfo
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- CN113202512A CN113202512A CN202110622595.4A CN202110622595A CN113202512A CN 113202512 A CN113202512 A CN 113202512A CN 202110622595 A CN202110622595 A CN 202110622595A CN 113202512 A CN113202512 A CN 113202512A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011513 prestressed concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/102—Removable shuttering; Bearing or supporting devices therefor
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of an inverted arch of a split mounting type tunnel in a weak surrounding rock section, which comprises the following steps: firstly, assembling and constructing a prefabricated inverted arch structure; secondly, mounting prestressed tendons; and thirdly, tensioning and fixing the prestressed tendons. According to the invention, by arranging the prefabricated inverted arch structure, adopting prefabricated components to perform factory prefabrication and performing field assembly, the construction quality of the inverted arch can be effectively improved, and the labor cost is reduced; the construction process is simplified, and the operation time is reduced; the prestressed tendons penetrate through the top and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit, prestress tensioning is carried out through the prestressed tendons to offset the tensile stress borne by the top surface, and the defects such as longitudinal cracking and the like caused by uneven settlement of the middle part of the tunnel inverted arch springing can be effectively controlled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a construction method of an inverted arch of a split mounting type tunnel in a weak surrounding rock section.
Background
In the process of constructing a highway tunnel in mountainous areas in the middle and west, the prominent problems of inverted arch cracking, bottom bulging and the like under geological conditions such as high ground stress, weak surrounding rocks and the like are mainly faced. The inverted arch is one of the main components of the tunnel lining structure, and is a reverse arch structure arranged at the bottom of the tunnel for improving the stress condition of an upper supporting structure. The tunnel invert can produce ascending uplift deformation under the condition of weak country rock and highland stress to apply the effort to invert filling, cause the invert fracture, and then lead to the tunnel pucking to appear, bring very big harm for follow-up tunnel operation.
For preventing the inverted arch fracture, generally adopt in the engineering and construct the inverted arch that rigidity and rise span ratio are bigger, and this kind of treatment cost is higher, and the inverted arch deepening can also make the excavation depth increase, causes the inverted arch backfill volume to increase, and process time increases, is unfavorable for the tunnel to strut in time to seal the cyclization. The inverted arch construction belongs to hidden engineering, the construction quality is not easy to control, and potential safety hazards are stably buried in a tunnel inverted arch structure system; and the application of the existing prestress prefabricated inverted arch structure in a highway tunnel is less, and corresponding engineering practical experience is lacked. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new type of prestressed inverted arch structure for a built-up tunnel in combination with the existing research results.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the defects in the prior art are overcome, and the invention provides the inverted arch construction method of the assembled tunnel in the weak surrounding rock section, wherein the prefabricated inverted arch structure is arranged, prefabricated components are adopted for factory prefabrication, and field assembly is carried out, so that the inverted arch construction quality can be effectively improved, and the labor cost is reduced; the construction process is simplified, and the operation time is reduced; the prestressed tendons penetrate through the top and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit, prestress tensioning is carried out through the prestressed tendons to offset the tensile stress borne by the top surface, and the defects such as longitudinal cracking and the like caused by uneven settlement of the middle part of the tunnel inverted arch springing can be effectively controlled.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the construction method comprises the steps of firstly excavating and supporting a tunnel before constructing the inverted arch of the tunnel, excavating the tunnel from back to front along the longitudinal extension direction of the tunnel, and carrying out primary supporting on the excavated tunnel to obtain a primary supporting structure for supporting the tunnel;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, assembling construction of a prefabricated inverted arch structure: assembling the prefabricated inverted arch structure at the bottom of the tunnel which is subjected to primary support, wherein the prefabricated inverted arch structure is assembled from back to front along the longitudinal extension direction of the tunnel;
the prefabricated inverted arch structure comprises a plurality of prefabricated inverted arch units with the same structure size, and the plurality of prefabricated inverted arch units are sequentially distributed along the longitudinal extension direction of the tunnel; placing one prefabricated inverted arch unit at the bottom of the primary support structure, and fixedly connecting the end of the prefabricated inverted arch unit with an arch foot of the primary support structure; the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is of an arc-shaped structure, and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is attached to the bottom of the tunnel;
placing the other prefabricated inverted arch unit at the front side of the previous prefabricated inverted arch unit, and fixedly connecting the end part of the prefabricated inverted arch unit with the arch foot of the primary support structure; and is connected with the prefabricated inverted arch unit of the previous truss by using a connecting bolt; assembling all the prefabricated inverted arch units;
step two, mounting prestressed tendons: the top and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are respectively provided with a prestressed tendon in a penetrating way, and the prestressed tendons are distributed along the length direction of the prefabricated inverted arch unit;
both ends of the prestressed tendons at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are fixed ends; one end of the prestressed tendon at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is a fixed end, and the other end of the prestressed tendon is a tensioning end; the tensioning ends of the prestressed tendons at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch units in the prefabricated inverted arch structure are distributed in a staggered mode;
step three, tensioning and fixing the prestressed tendons: respectively tensioning the plurality of prefabricated inverted arch units from back to front along the extending direction of the tunnel, wherein the tensioning methods of the plurality of prefabricated inverted arch units are the same, and the tensioning process of each prefabricated inverted arch unit is as follows:
and sleeving a center-penetrating jack on the tensioning end of the prestressed tendon at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit, starting the center-penetrating jack to tension the prestressed tendon until the prestressed tendon reaches the tension required by the design, and fixing the tensioning end of the prestressed tendon by using an anchoring part.
The inverted arch construction method for the split mounting type tunnel in the weak surrounding rock section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the first step, prefabricated inverted arch unit is including setting up the middle part inverted arch prefab and the symmetry setting of tunnel bottom intermediate position are in middle part inverted arch prefab both sides and with the limit portion inverted arch prefab that preliminary bracing structure connects, middle part inverted arch prefab with be provided with lateral part inverted arch prefab between the limit portion inverted arch prefab, middle part inverted arch prefab lateral part inverted arch prefab with the bottom of limit portion inverted arch prefab is the arc structure.
The inverted arch construction method for the split mounting type tunnel in the weak surrounding rock section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the longitudinal section of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member is an isosceles trapezoid, the longitudinal sections of the side inverted arch prefabricated members and the longitudinal section of the side inverted arch prefabricated member are right-angled trapezoids, and the bottom surfaces of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member, the side inverted arch prefabricated member and the side inverted arch prefabricated member are cambered surfaces; and the top surface of the edge inverted arch prefabricated member is provided with a mounting groove for mounting the penetrating jack.
The inverted arch construction method for the split mounting type tunnel in the weak surrounding rock section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the middle inverted arch prefabricated member, the lateral inverted arch prefabricated member and the edge inverted arch prefabricated member are concrete prefabricated members, and the middle inverted arch prefabricated member, the lateral inverted arch prefabricated member and the edge inverted arch prefabricated member are all of hollow structures.
The inverted arch construction method for the split mounting type tunnel in the weak surrounding rock section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the top and the bottom of prefabricated inverted arch unit all have been seted up the confession the mounting hole of prestressing tendons installation is located the mounting hole level at prefabricated inverted arch unit top is laid the top of prefabricated inverted arch unit is located the mounting hole of prefabricated inverted arch unit bottom is the arc structure.
The inverted arch construction method for the split mounting type tunnel in the weak surrounding rock section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the top of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member is horizontally provided with a middle upper mounting hole, the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member is horizontally provided with a side upper mounting hole, and the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member is horizontally provided with a side upper mounting hole;
the middle upper mounting hole, the side upper mounting hole and the side upper mounting hole are all located on the same horizontal line, the middle upper mounting hole, the side upper mounting hole and the side upper mounting hole are communicated, and the middle upper mounting hole, the side upper mounting hole and the side upper mounting hole form the mounting hole in the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit.
The inverted arch construction method for the split mounting type tunnel in the weak surrounding rock section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the bottom of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member is provided with a middle lower mounting hole; the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated member is provided with a side lower mounting hole; the bottom of the edge inverted arch prefabricated part is provided with an edge lower mounting hole; the lower mounting hole, the side lower mounting hole and the side lower mounting hole are all arc-shaped structures, and the central axes of the lower mounting hole, the side lower mounting hole and the side lower mounting hole are all located on the same arc;
the middle lower mounting hole, the side lower mounting hole and the side lower mounting hole are communicated and form a mounting hole at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit together.
The inverted arch construction method for the split mounting type tunnel in the weak surrounding rock section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: one end of the prestressed tendon positioned at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is fixed through a fixing piece, and the other end of the prestressed tendon positioned at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit horizontally penetrates through the middle upper mounting hole, the side upper mounting hole and the side upper mounting hole in sequence and then extends into the mounting groove on one side of the prefabricated inverted arch unit; and two ends of the prestressed tendons positioned at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are fixed through fixing pieces.
The inverted arch construction method for the split mounting type tunnel in the weak surrounding rock section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step one, the assembling method of each prefabricated inverted arch unit is the same, and the assembling process of each prefabricated inverted arch unit is as follows:
step a, hoisting one edge inverted arch prefabricated member to an arch foot position of the primary supporting structure, wherein an installation groove of the edge inverted arch prefabricated member is close to the primary supporting structure, and the bottom of the edge inverted arch prefabricated member is abutted to the bottom of the tunnel; one end of the edge inverted arch prefabricated member is fixedly connected with an arch springing of the primary supporting structure;
b, hoisting one side inverted arch prefabricated member to the other end of the side inverted arch prefabricated member;
the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated member abuts against the bottom of the tunnel, the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member is flush with the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member, so that the side lower mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated member is communicated with the side lower mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated member, and the side upper mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated member is communicated with the side upper mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated member; connecting the contact surfaces of the side inverted arch prefabricated members and the side inverted arch prefabricated members by using connecting bolts;
c, hoisting the middle inverted arch prefabricated member to the middle position of the bottom of the tunnel;
the bottom of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member abuts against the bottom of the tunnel, the top of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member is flush with the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member, a middle lower mounting hole of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member is communicated with a side lower mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated member, and a middle upper mounting hole of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member is communicated with a side upper mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated member; connecting the contact surfaces of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member and the side inverted arch prefabricated member by using a connecting bolt;
step d, hoisting the other side inverted arch prefabricated member to the other side of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member;
the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated member abuts against the bottom of the tunnel, the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member is flush with the top of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member, so that the side lower mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated member is communicated with the middle lower mounting hole of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member, and the side upper mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated member is communicated with the middle upper mounting hole of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member; connecting the end part of the side inverted arch prefabricated part with the contact surface of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part by using a connecting bolt;
e, hoisting the other side inverted arch prefabricated member to one side of the other side inverted arch prefabricated member, and enabling the installation groove of the side inverted arch prefabricated member to be close to the primary supporting structure;
the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated member abuts against the bottom of the tunnel, the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member is flush with the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member, so that the side lower mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated member is communicated with the side lower mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated member, and the side upper mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated member is communicated with the side upper mounting hole of the side inverted arch prefabricated member; and connecting one end of the side inverted arch prefabricated member with the end of the side inverted arch prefabricated member by using a connecting bolt, and fixedly connecting the other end of the side inverted arch prefabricated member with the other arch springing of the primary supporting structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, by arranging the prefabricated inverted arch structure, adopting prefabricated components to perform factory prefabrication and performing field assembly, the construction quality of the inverted arch can be effectively improved, and the labor cost is reduced; the construction process is simplified, and the operation time is reduced.
2. The prestressed tendons penetrate through the top and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit, prestress tensioning is carried out through the prestressed tendons to offset the tensile stress borne by the top surface, and diseases such as longitudinal cracking and the like caused by uneven settlement of the middle part of the inverted arch springing of the tunnel can be effectively controlled.
3. The prefabricated inverted arch structure is formed by assembling a plurality of prefabricated inverted arch units with the same structure size, so that the prefabricated inverted arch structure is higher in strength and rigidity and better in compressive property, and can effectively reduce the deformation of a road surface layer, thereby reducing the local pressure of a road surface and further reducing the local pressure of an inverted arch.
In conclusion, the prefabricated inverted arch structure is arranged, prefabricated components are adopted for factory prefabrication and field assembly, the construction quality of the inverted arch can be effectively improved, and the labor cost is reduced; the construction process is simplified, and the operation time is reduced; the prestressed tendons penetrate through the top and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit, prestress tensioning is carried out through the prestressed tendons to offset the tensile stress borne by the top surface, and the defects such as longitudinal cracking and the like caused by uneven settlement of the middle part of the tunnel inverted arch springing can be effectively controlled.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the connection relationship between the prefabricated inverted arch unit and the preliminary bracing structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the construction state of the installation of the prestressed tendons of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a prefabricated inverted arch structure of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the middle inverted arch preform of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a side inverted arch preform of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an edge inverted arch preform according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the connection between the middle inverted arch preform and the side inverted arch preform according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the connection between the side inverted arch preform and the side inverted arch preform according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1, tunneling; 2-primary support structure; 3-connecting bolts;
4-middle inverted arch prefabricated member; 4-1-mounting hole on the middle part; 4-2-middle lower mounting hole;
5-side inverted arch prefabricated part; 5-1-mounting holes on the side parts; 5-2-side lower mounting holes;
6-edge inverted arch prefabricated part; 6-1-mounting groove; 6-2-installing holes on the edge part;
6-3-lower mounting holes at the edge part; 7-prestressed tendons; 8, mounting holes;
10-water stop strip; 11-a fixing member.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, in the inverted arch construction method of the assembly type tunnel in the weak surrounding rock section, before the inverted arch construction of the tunnel 1, the tunnel 1 is excavated and supported first, the tunnel 1 is excavated from back to front along the longitudinal extension direction of the tunnel 1, and the excavated tunnel 1 is initially supported, so as to obtain an initial support structure 2 for supporting the tunnel 1; the method comprises the following steps:
step one, assembling construction of a prefabricated inverted arch structure: assembling the prefabricated inverted arch structure at the bottom of the tunnel 1 which is subjected to primary support, wherein the prefabricated inverted arch structure is assembled from back to front along the longitudinal extension direction of the tunnel 1;
the prefabricated inverted arch structure comprises a plurality of prefabricated inverted arch units with the same structure size, and the plurality of prefabricated inverted arch units are sequentially distributed along the longitudinal extension direction of the tunnel 1; placing one prefabricated inverted arch unit at the bottom of the primary support structure 2, and fixedly connecting the end of the prefabricated inverted arch unit with an arch foot of the primary support structure 2; the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is of an arc-shaped structure, and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is attached to the bottom of the tunnel 1;
placing the other prefabricated inverted arch unit at the front side of the previous prefabricated inverted arch unit, and fixedly connecting the end part of the prefabricated inverted arch unit with the arch foot of the primary support structure 2; and is connected with the prefabricated inverted arch unit of the previous truss by using a connecting bolt 3; assembling all the prefabricated inverted arch units;
step two, mounting prestressed tendons: the prestressed tendons 7 penetrate through the top and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit, and the prestressed tendons 7 are distributed along the length direction of the prefabricated inverted arch unit;
both ends of the prestressed tendon 7 at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are fixed ends; one end of the prestressed tendon 7 at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is a fixed end, and the other end of the prestressed tendon 7 is a tensioning end; the tensioning ends of the prestressed tendons 7 at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch units in the prefabricated inverted arch structure are distributed in a staggered mode;
step three, tensioning and fixing the prestressed tendons: respectively tensioning a plurality of prefabricated inverted arch units from back to front along the extending direction of the tunnel 1, wherein the tensioning methods of the prefabricated inverted arch units are the same, and the tensioning process of each prefabricated inverted arch unit is as follows:
and sleeving a center-penetrating jack on the tensioning end of the prestressed tendon 7 at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit, starting the center-penetrating jack to tension the prestressed tendon 7 until the prestressed tendon 7 reaches the tension required by design, and fixing the tensioning end of the prestressed tendon 7 by using an anchoring part.
When the inverted arch structure is actually used, the prefabricated inverted arch structure is arranged, prefabricated components are adopted for factory prefabrication, and field assembly is carried out, so that the construction quality of the inverted arch can be effectively improved, and the labor cost is reduced; the construction process is simplified, and the operation time is reduced.
The prestressed tendons 7 penetrate through the top and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit, prestressed tensioning is carried out through the prestressed tendons 7 to offset the tensile stress borne by the top surface, and diseases such as longitudinal cracking and the like caused by uneven settlement of the middle part of the tunnel inverted arch springing can be effectively controlled.
In addition, the prefabricated inverted arch structure is formed by splicing a plurality of prefabricated inverted arch units with the same structural size, so that the prefabricated inverted arch structure is higher in strength and rigidity and better in compressive property, and can effectively reduce the deformation of a road surface layer, thereby reducing the local pressure of a road surface and further reducing the local pressure of an inverted arch.
The method comprises the steps of analyzing the inverted arch stress in a tunnel 1 by using finite element software to obtain the information of internal force, axial force and bending moment of each unit of an inverted arch, calculating the effective prestress required by an inverted arch concrete structure by selecting the prestress degree, and then calculating the area of a required prestressed tendon by referring to the design specification of relevant prestressed concrete; and selecting the prestressed reinforcement 7 with the appropriate section area according to the area of the prestressed reinforcement obtained by the primary calculation. Adjacent two in the prefabricated inverted arch structure the stretch-draw end of the prestressing tendons 7 at prefabricated inverted arch unit top is crisscross to be laid, can not influence every in actual construction the stretch-draw of prestressing tendons 7 in the prefabricated inverted arch unit, convenient construction.
Particularly, before the prefabricated inverted arch structure is installed, the size and the geometric shape of the excavated inverted arch substrate need to be checked, loose stones and sundries on the inverted arch substrate are removed, and after the inverted arch substrate is checked to be qualified, a leveling layer is laid, so that the inverted arch structure is convenient to install. And cleaning the anchor backing plate before tensioning the prestressed tendon 7, stripping the plastic sleeve outside the exposed steel strand, checking the anchors one by one, measuring the length of the exposed unbonded tendon one by one, and recording the length as the original length before tensioning. After the tensioning of the prefabricated inverted arch structure is finished, the prefabricated inverted arch structure is laid on the top of the prefabricated inverted arch structure
When the connecting device is actually used, an inverted arch circumferential splicing seam is reserved between two adjacent prefabricated inverted arch units, when the two adjacent prefabricated inverted arch units are connected, the connecting bolts 3 are used for connecting the contact surfaces of the two prefabricated inverted arch units, and the connecting bolts 3 are arranged in the inverted arch circumferential splicing seam. In order to facilitate the installation of the connecting bolts 3, through holes for installing the connecting bolts 3 are formed between two adjacent prefabricated inverted arch units in advance. As shown in fig. 7, a water stop strip 10 is further provided between two adjacent prefabricated members.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, in the first embodiment, the prefabricated inverted arch unit includes a middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4 disposed at a middle position of the bottom of the tunnel 1 and side inverted arch prefabricated members 6 symmetrically disposed at both sides of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4 and connected to the preliminary support structure 2, a side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 is disposed between the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4 and the side inverted arch prefabricated member 6, and bottoms of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4, the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 and the side inverted arch prefabricated member 6 are all arc-shaped structures.
In actual use, the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4, the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 and the edge inverted arch prefabricated member 6 are all made of quartz sand, steel fiber, ordinary portland cement and the like which are mixed; feeding the mixture into a mold for kneading, and vibrating and molding to obtain a primary inverted arch prefabricated member; and (5) curing at the later stage to prepare the inverted arch prefabricated member.
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, in this embodiment, the longitudinal section of the middle inverted arch preform 4 is an isosceles trapezoid, the longitudinal sections of the side inverted arch preforms 5 and 6 are right-angled trapezoids, and the bottom surfaces of the middle inverted arch preform 4, the side inverted arch preforms 5 and 6 are cambered surfaces; and the top surface of the edge inverted arch prefabricated part 6 is provided with an installation groove 6-1 for installing a piercing jack.
In actual use, the main function of the mounting groove 6-1 is to facilitate the tensioning and fixing of the prestressed tendons 7 at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, in this embodiment, the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4, the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5, and the side inverted arch prefabricated member 6 are all concrete prefabricated members, and the interiors of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4, the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5, and the side inverted arch prefabricated member 6 are all hollow structures.
During the in-service use, will middle part invert prefab 4, lateral part invert prefab 5 and limit portion invert prefab 6 are hollow structure, all include the lateral wall of roof, diapire and both sides, surround by roof, diapire and both sides lateral wall and constitute the cavity that runs through, can save the materials to the concrete, have saved manufacturing cost. The cavities of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4 in each prefabricated inverted arch unit of the prefabricated inverted arch structure are communicated along the longitudinal extension direction of the tunnel 1; the cavities of the side inverted arch prefabricated members 5 are communicated along the longitudinal extension direction of the tunnel 1; the cavities of the edge inverted arch prefabricated parts 6 are communicated along the longitudinal extension direction of the tunnel 1 to form a longitudinal tunnel channel.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, mounting holes 8 for mounting the tendons 7 are formed in both the top and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit, the mounting holes 8 located at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are horizontally arranged at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit, and the mounting holes 8 located at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are arc-shaped structures.
As shown in fig. 1, 4, 5 and 6, in this embodiment, a middle upper mounting hole 4-1 is horizontally formed in the top of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4, a side upper mounting hole 5-1 is horizontally formed in the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5, and an edge upper mounting hole 6-2 is horizontally formed in the top of the edge inverted arch prefabricated member 6;
the middle upper mounting hole 4-1, the side upper mounting hole 5-1 and the side upper mounting hole 6-2 are all located on the same horizontal line, and the middle upper mounting hole 4-1, the side upper mounting hole 5-1 and the side upper mounting hole 6-2 are communicated and jointly form a mounting hole 8 at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit.
As shown in fig. 1, 4, 5 and 6, in this embodiment, a middle lower mounting hole 4-2 is formed at the bottom of the middle inverted arch preform 4; the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 is provided with a side lower mounting hole 5-2; the bottom of the edge inverted arch prefabricated part 6 is provided with an edge lower mounting hole 6-3; the lower mounting hole 4-2, the side lower mounting hole 5-2 and the side lower mounting hole 6-3 are all arc-shaped structures, and the central axes of the lower mounting hole 4-2, the side lower mounting hole 5-2 and the side lower mounting hole 6-3 are all located on the same arc;
the middle lower mounting hole 4-2, the side lower mounting hole 5-2 and the edge lower mounting hole 6-3 are communicated and form a mounting hole 8 at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit.
In this embodiment, one end of the tendon 7 at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is fixed by a fixing member 11, and the other end of the tendon 7 at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit horizontally passes through the middle upper mounting hole 4-1, the side upper mounting hole 5-1 and the side upper mounting hole 6-2 in sequence and then extends into the mounting groove 6-1 at one side of the prefabricated inverted arch unit; and two ends of the prestressed tendon 7 positioned at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are fixed through fixing pieces 11.
In this embodiment, in the first step, the assembling method of each prefabricated inverted arch unit is the same, and the assembling process of each prefabricated inverted arch unit is as follows:
step a, hoisting one edge inverted arch prefabricated member 6 to an arch springing position of the primary supporting structure 2, wherein an installation groove 6-1 of the edge inverted arch prefabricated member 6 is close to the primary supporting structure 2, and the bottom of the edge inverted arch prefabricated member 6 is abutted against the bottom of the tunnel 1; one end of the edge inverted arch prefabricated member 6 is fixedly connected with an arch springing of the primary supporting structure 2;
b, hoisting one side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 to the other end of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 6;
wherein the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 abuts against the bottom of the tunnel 1, the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 is flush with the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 6, the side lower mounting hole 5-2 of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 is communicated with the side lower mounting hole 6-3 of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 6, and the side upper mounting hole 5-1 of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 is communicated with the side upper mounting hole 6-2 of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 6; connecting the contact surfaces of the side inverted arch prefabricated members 5 and the side inverted arch prefabricated members 6 by using connecting bolts 3;
c, hoisting the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4 to the middle position of the bottom of the tunnel 1;
wherein the bottom of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4 abuts against the bottom of the tunnel 1, the top of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4 is flush with the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5, a middle lower mounting hole 4-2 of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4 is communicated with a side lower mounting hole 5-2 of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5, and a middle upper mounting hole 4-1 of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4 is communicated with a side upper mounting hole 5-1 of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5; connecting the contact surfaces of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4 and the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 by using a connecting bolt 3;
step d, hoisting the other side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 to the other side of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4;
wherein the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 abuts against the bottom of the tunnel 1, the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 is flush with the top of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4, so that the side lower mounting hole 5-2 of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 is communicated with the middle lower mounting hole 4-2 of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4, and the side upper mounting hole 5-1 of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 is communicated with the middle upper mounting hole 4-1 of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member 4; connecting the contact surface of the end part of the side inverted arch prefabricated part 5 and the middle inverted arch prefabricated part 4 by using a connecting bolt 3;
e, hoisting the other side inverted arch prefabricated member 6 to one side of the other side inverted arch prefabricated member 5, and enabling the installation groove 6-1 of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 6 to be close to the primary supporting structure 2;
wherein the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 abuts against the bottom of the tunnel 1, the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 is flush with the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 6, the side lower mounting hole 5-2 of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 is communicated with the side lower mounting hole 6-3 of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 6, and the side upper mounting hole 5-1 of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 5 is communicated with the side upper mounting hole 6-2 of the side inverted arch prefabricated member 6; one end of the side inverted arch preform 6 is connected to an end of the side inverted arch preform 5 by a connecting bolt 3, and the other end of the side inverted arch preform 6 is fixedly connected to the other arch foot of the preliminary bracing structure 2.
In practical use, in order to facilitate the installation of the connecting bolt 3, a through hole for installing the connecting bolt 3 is formed in advance between two adjacent inverted arch prefabricated members to be connected.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A construction method of an inverted arch of a split mounting type tunnel in a weak surrounding rock section comprises the steps of firstly excavating and supporting a tunnel (1) before constructing the inverted arch of the tunnel (1), excavating the tunnel (1) from back to front along the longitudinal extension direction of the tunnel (1), and carrying out primary supporting on the excavated tunnel (1) to obtain a primary supporting structure (2) for supporting the tunnel (1);
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, assembling construction of a prefabricated inverted arch structure: assembling the prefabricated inverted arch structure at the bottom of the tunnel (1) which is subjected to primary support, wherein the prefabricated inverted arch structure is assembled from back to front along the longitudinal extension direction of the tunnel (1);
the prefabricated inverted arch structure comprises a plurality of prefabricated inverted arch units with the same structure size, and the prefabricated inverted arch units are sequentially distributed along the longitudinal extension direction of the tunnel (1); placing one prefabricated inverted arch unit at the bottom of the primary support structure (2), and fixedly connecting the end of the prefabricated inverted arch unit with an arch foot of the primary support structure (2); the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is of an arc-shaped structure, and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is attached to the bottom of the tunnel (1);
placing the other prefabricated inverted arch unit at the front side of the previous prefabricated inverted arch unit, and fixedly connecting the end part of the prefabricated inverted arch unit with the arch foot of the primary support structure (2); and is connected with the prefabricated inverted arch unit of the previous truss by using a connecting bolt (3); assembling all the prefabricated inverted arch units;
step two, mounting prestressed tendons: the top and the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are respectively provided with a prestressed tendon (7) in a penetrating way, and the prestressed tendons (7) are distributed along the length direction of the prefabricated inverted arch unit;
both ends of a prestressed tendon (7) at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are fixed ends; one end of the prestressed tendon (7) at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is a fixed end, and the other end of the prestressed tendon (7) is a tensioning end; the tensioning ends of the prestressed tendons (7) at the tops of the prefabricated inverted arch units in the prefabricated inverted arch structure are distributed in a staggered mode;
step three, tensioning and fixing the prestressed tendons: respectively tensioning a plurality of prefabricated inverted arch units from back to front along the extending direction of the tunnel (1), wherein the tensioning methods of the prefabricated inverted arch units are the same, and the tensioning process of each prefabricated inverted arch unit is as follows:
and sleeving a center-penetrating jack on the tensioning end of the prestressed tendon (7) at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit, starting the center-penetrating jack to tension the prestressed tendon (7) until the prestressed tendon (7) reaches the tension of the design requirement, and fixing the tensioning end of the prestressed tendon (7) by using an anchoring part.
2. The inverted arch construction method of the assembly type tunnel in the weak surrounding rock section according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, prefabricated inverted arch unit is including setting up middle part inverted arch prefab (4) and the symmetry setting of tunnel (1) bottom intermediate position are in middle part inverted arch prefab (4) both sides and with limit portion inverted arch prefab (6) that preliminary bracing structure (2) are connected, middle part inverted arch prefab (4) with be provided with lateral part inverted arch prefab (5) between limit portion inverted arch prefab (6), middle part inverted arch prefab (4) lateral part inverted arch prefab (5) with the bottom of limit portion inverted arch prefab (6) is the arc structure.
3. The inverted arch construction method of the assembly type tunnel in the weak surrounding rock section according to claim 2, characterized in that: the longitudinal section of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member (4) is isosceles trapezoid, the longitudinal sections of the side inverted arch prefabricated members (5) and the side inverted arch prefabricated members (6) are right-angled trapezoids, and the bottom surfaces of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member (4), the side inverted arch prefabricated members (5) and the side inverted arch prefabricated members (6) are cambered surfaces; and the top surface of the edge inverted arch prefabricated member (6) is provided with an installation groove (6-1) for installing the piercing jack.
4. The inverted arch construction method of the assembly type tunnel in the weak surrounding rock section according to claim 3, characterized in that: middle part invert prefabricated part (4), lateral part invert prefabricated part (5) and limit invert prefabricated part (6) are the concrete prefabricated part, the inside of middle part invert prefabricated part (4), lateral part invert prefabricated part (5) and limit invert prefabricated part (6) is hollow structure.
5. The inverted arch construction method of the assembly type tunnel in the weak surrounding rock section, according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the confession has all been seted up to the top and the bottom of prefabricated inverted arch unit mounting hole (8) of prestressing tendons (7) installation are located mounting hole (8) level at prefabricated inverted arch unit top is laid the top of prefabricated inverted arch unit is located mounting hole (8) of prefabricated inverted arch unit bottom are the arc structure.
6. The inverted arch construction method of the assembly type tunnel in the weak surrounding rock section, according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the top of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member (4) is horizontally provided with a middle upper mounting hole (4-1), the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (5) is horizontally provided with a side upper mounting hole (5-1), and the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (6) is horizontally provided with a side upper mounting hole (6-2);
the middle upper mounting hole (4-1), the side upper mounting hole (5-1) and the side upper mounting hole (6-2) are all located on the same horizontal line, and the middle upper mounting hole (4-1), the side upper mounting hole (5-1) and the side upper mounting hole (6-2) are communicated and jointly form a mounting hole (8) in the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit.
7. The inverted arch construction method of the assembly type tunnel in the weak surrounding rock section, according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the bottom of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4) is provided with a middle lower mounting hole (4-2); the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) is provided with a side lower mounting hole (5-2); the bottom of the edge inverted arch prefabricated part (6) is provided with an edge lower mounting hole (6-3); the lower mounting hole (4-2), the side lower mounting hole (5-2) and the side lower mounting hole (6-3) are all arc-shaped structures, and the central axes of the lower mounting hole (4-2), the side lower mounting hole (5-2) and the side lower mounting hole (6-3) are all located on the same arc;
the middle lower mounting hole (4-2), the side lower mounting hole (5-2) and the edge lower mounting hole (6-3) are communicated and jointly form a mounting hole (8) at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit.
8. The inverted arch construction method of the assembly type tunnel in the weak surrounding rock section, according to claim 7, is characterized in that: one end of the prestressed tendon (7) positioned at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit is fixed through a fixing piece (11), and the other end of the prestressed tendon (7) positioned at the top of the prefabricated inverted arch unit horizontally penetrates through the middle upper mounting hole (4-1), the side upper mounting hole (5-1) and the edge upper mounting hole (6-2) in sequence and then extends into the mounting groove (6-1) on one side of the prefabricated inverted arch unit; and two ends of the prestressed tendon (7) positioned at the bottom of the prefabricated inverted arch unit are fixed through fixing pieces (11).
9. The inverted arch construction method of the assembly type tunnel in the weak surrounding rock section, according to claim 8, is characterized in that: step one, the assembling method of each prefabricated inverted arch unit is the same, and the assembling process of each prefabricated inverted arch unit is as follows:
step a, hoisting one edge inverted arch prefabricated member (6) to an arch foot position of the primary supporting structure (2), wherein an installation groove (6-1) of the edge inverted arch prefabricated member (6) is close to the primary supporting structure (2), and the bottom of the edge inverted arch prefabricated member (6) is abutted to the bottom of the tunnel (1); one end of the edge inverted arch prefabricated member (6) is fixedly connected with an arch springing of the primary supporting structure (2);
b, hoisting one side inverted arch prefabricated member (5) to the other end of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (6);
wherein the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (5) is abutted against the bottom of the tunnel (1), the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (5) is flush with the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (6), so that a side lower mounting hole (5-2) of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (5) is communicated with an side lower mounting hole (6-3) of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (6), and a side upper mounting hole (5-1) of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (5) is communicated with an side upper mounting hole (6-2) of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (6); connecting the contact surfaces of the side inverted arch prefabricated members (5) and the side inverted arch prefabricated members (6) by using connecting bolts (3);
c, hoisting the middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4) to the middle position of the bottom of the tunnel (1);
wherein the bottom of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member (4) is abutted against the bottom of the tunnel (1), the top of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member (4) is flush with the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (5), so that a middle lower mounting hole (4-2) of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member (4) is communicated with a side lower mounting hole (5-2) of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (5), and a middle upper mounting hole (4-1) of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member (4) is communicated with a side upper mounting hole (5-1) of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (5); connecting the contact surfaces of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member (4) and the side inverted arch prefabricated member (5) by using a connecting bolt (3);
d, hoisting the other side inverted arch prefabricated member (5) to the other side of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member (4);
wherein the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (5) is abutted against the bottom of the tunnel (1), the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (5) is flush with the top of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member (4), so that a side lower mounting hole (5-2) of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (5) is communicated with a middle lower mounting hole (4-2) of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member (4), and a side upper mounting hole (5-1) of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (5) is communicated with a middle upper mounting hole (4-1) of the middle inverted arch prefabricated member (4); connecting the end part of the side inverted arch prefabricated part (5) with the contact surface of the middle inverted arch prefabricated part (4) by using a connecting bolt (3);
e, hoisting the other side inverted arch prefabricated member (6) to one side of the other side inverted arch prefabricated member (5) to enable the installation groove (6-1) of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (6) to be close to the primary supporting structure (2);
wherein the bottom of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (5) is abutted against the bottom of the tunnel (1), the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (5) is flush with the top of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (6), so that a side lower mounting hole (5-2) of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (5) is communicated with an side lower mounting hole (6-3) of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (6), and a side upper mounting hole (5-1) of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (5) is communicated with an side upper mounting hole (6-2) of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (6); and one end of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (6) is connected with the end part of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (5) by using a connecting bolt (3), and the other end of the side inverted arch prefabricated member (6) is fixedly connected with the other arch foot of the primary supporting structure (2).
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| CN113202512B (en) | 2024-03-08 |
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