CN113202481A - Method and device for acquiring geological information, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a method of obtaining geological information, the method comprising: acquiring reflected wave data at a relative position at a first preset distance from a face in the tunneling direction of tunnel construction, wherein the reflected wave data is data of seismic waves generated by blasting the face; and determining geological information corresponding to a second preset distance on the basis of the reflected wave data acquired at least twice in a second preset distance in the tunneling direction, wherein the second preset distance comprises at least N first preset distances, and N is an integer greater than 1. Here, since the acquired reflected wave data is data of seismic waves generated by blasting the tunnel face, an additional seismic source is not required, and the efficiency of construction and determination of geological information is higher. Meanwhile, the corresponding geological information on the second preset distance is determined based on the reflected wave data acquired at least twice, so that the accuracy of the acquired geological information is higher, and the geological condition can be reflected more truly.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of road engineering technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for obtaining geological information, an electronic device, and a storage medium.
Background
With the increasing of the construction strength of traffic and water conservancy in China, tunnel and underground engineering in China are developed rapidly. With the improvement of the construction process of the tunnel engineering and the performance improvement of construction equipment, the tunnel construction speed is faster and faster. Therefore, the method brings a problem that the number of advanced geological forecasters and the equipment load are large, and even in a long-distance earthquake reflection wave method, the forecast is carried out once in a week on the tunnel face which is tunneled fast. In actual production, a forecast team is responsible for a plurality of tunnel faces of a plurality of tunnels. Due to the fact that problems such as tunnel construction environment, personnel configuration, process coordination and the like are extremely complex, the existing earthquake elastic wave method construction mode is low in efficiency, and the time of single prediction is at least half a day from preparation work to prediction completion. An innovative working mode is urgently needed, and the working efficiency can be improved to a greater extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure provides a method, an apparatus, an electronic device and a storage medium for acquiring geological information, wherein the technical scheme is as follows:
according to a first aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of acquiring geological information, the method comprising:
acquiring reflected wave data at a relative position at a first preset distance from a tunnel face in the tunneling direction of tunnel construction, wherein the reflected wave data is data of seismic waves generated by blasting the tunnel face;
and determining geological information corresponding to a second preset distance in the tunneling direction based on the reflected wave data acquired at least twice, wherein the second preset distance comprises at least N first preset distances, and N is an integer greater than 1.
In one embodiment, the acquiring reflected wave data at a relative position at a first predetermined distance from the tunnel face includes:
and in the tunneling direction, at a relative position with a first preset distance from the tunnel face, alternately acquiring the reflected wave data by using at least two sensors.
In one embodiment, the at least two sensors include a first sensor and a second sensor, the method further comprising:
and responding to the start of collecting the reflected wave data by the first sensor, and reporting the collected reflected wave data to the terminal by the second sensor.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises:
acquiring the direct wave velocity of the tunnel surrounding rock;
determining the first arrival time of the reference relative position according to the direct wave speed and the offset distance;
and determining a time reference point of the arrangement of the reflected wave data according to the first arrival time.
In one embodiment, the reflected wave data includes at least one of: data on the location of the blast, data on the first arrival time and data on the amplitude of the reflected wave.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an apparatus for acquiring geological information, the apparatus comprising an acquisition module and a processing module, wherein,
the acquisition module is used for: acquiring reflected wave data at a relative position at a first preset distance from a tunnel face in the tunneling direction of tunnel construction, wherein the reflected wave data is data of seismic waves generated by blasting the tunnel face;
the processing module is configured to: and determining geological information corresponding to a second preset distance in the tunneling direction based on the reflected wave data acquired at least twice, wherein the second preset distance comprises at least N first preset distances, and N is an integer greater than 1.
In one embodiment, the acquisition module is further configured to: and in the tunneling direction, at a relative position with a first preset distance from the tunnel face, alternately acquiring the reflected wave data by using at least two sensors.
In one embodiment, the apparatus further includes a reporting module, where the reporting module is configured to: and responding to the start of collecting the reflected wave data by the first sensor, and reporting the collected reflected wave data to the terminal by the second sensor.
In one embodiment, the processing module is further configured to: acquiring the direct wave velocity of the tunnel surrounding rock;
determining the first arrival time of the reference relative position according to the direct wave speed and the offset distance;
and determining a time reference point of the arrangement of the reflected wave data according to the first arrival time.
In one embodiment, the acquisition module is further configured to: the reflected wave data includes at least one of: data of the location of the blast, data of the first arrival time and data of the amplitude of the reflected wave.
According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a display device including:
a processor;
a memory for storing processor-executable instructions;
wherein the processor is configured to: when the executable instructions are executed, the method of any of the above is implemented.
According to a fourth aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions thereon, which when executed by a processor of a display device, enable the display device to perform a method implementing any of the above.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can have the following beneficial effects:
in the embodiment of the disclosure, in the tunneling direction of tunnel construction, reflected wave data is acquired at a relative position at a first preset distance from a face, wherein the reflected wave data is data of seismic waves generated by blasting the face; and determining geological information corresponding to a second preset distance in the tunneling direction based on the reflected wave data acquired at least twice, wherein the second preset distance comprises at least N first preset distances, and N is an integer greater than 1. Here, since the acquired reflected wave data is data of seismic waves generated by blasting the tunnel face, an additional seismic source is not required, and efficiency of construction and determination of the geological information is higher. Meanwhile, the corresponding geological information on the second preset distance is determined based on the reflected wave data acquired at least twice, so that the accuracy of the acquired geological information is higher, and the geological condition can be reflected more truly.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method of obtaining geological information according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a receiving aperture shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a tunnel face shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method of obtaining geological information, according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a type of geological information shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a type of geological information shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a type of geological information shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart illustrating a method of obtaining geological information according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart illustrating a method of obtaining geological information according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a flow chart illustrating a method of obtaining geological information according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method of obtaining geological information, according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating an apparatus for acquiring geological information, according to an exemplary embodiment;
fig. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a display device according to an exemplary embodiment.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
In order to facilitate understanding of technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a plurality of embodiments are listed in the embodiments of the present disclosure to clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Of course, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments provided in the present disclosure can be implemented alone, or in combination with other embodiments of the methods in the present disclosure, or in combination with some methods in other related technologies; the disclosed embodiments are not limited thereto.
To further explain the embodiments of the present disclosure, first, a method for geological information prediction is explained:
in some embodiments, geological, geophysical and other exploration means are used to analyze and predict engineering geology, hydrogeology and poor geologic volume conditions ahead of the tunnel face during tunnel construction. Common methods include geological sketch, advanced drilling, advanced pilot hole, and geophysical prospecting. The geophysical prospecting method is a main means for advanced geological prediction and comprises the following steps: the method comprises a geological radar method, an earthquake reflection wave method, a transient electromagnetic method and the like, wherein data acquisition is carried out on a tunnel face or the periphery of a tunnel in a certain observation mode, and then data analysis is carried out to achieve the purpose of advanced geological information prediction.
In one embodiment, the seismic reflection method is the most important detection method for tunnel advance geological prediction. The method has the advantages of long detection distance, strong operability and good forecasting effect. The sensors are arranged on the periphery or the face of the tunnel, earthquake waves are excited in a hammering or blasting mode, the earthquake waves are transmitted to the front of the face and reflected back when encountering unfavorable geologic bodies and are received by the sensors behind the face, and the unfavorable geology in the front of the face can be accurately positioned through data processing and interpretation, so that the aim of guiding tunnel construction is fulfilled.
In some embodiments, in the earthquake reflection wave method forecasting mode, the energy of an artificial seismic source is weak, the forecasting effect is poor, the safety risk of an explosive seismic source is high, and the operation difficulty is high. Most of tunnels are still constructed by adopting a mine method at present, and various vibration sources exist in the construction process. An effective construction vibration is needed to be found as a passive source of a forecasting system, and is directly utilized, so that the working efficiency is greatly improved, and the construction cost is saved.
In some embodiments, the earthquake reflection wave method observation mode is that an observation system is arranged at a fixed mileage position, the distance of about 100 meters in front of a tunnel face is forecasted once, and when the tunnel face is excavated to a lap mileage position, the observation system is arranged again for data acquisition. If the tunneling speed is high, the forecasting frequency in unit time is increased. A new observation mode needs to be provided, which considers effectiveness, construction efficiency and production cost and realizes the real-time and efficient acquisition of seismic reflection wave method data.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method of obtaining geological information, as shown in FIG. 1, according to an exemplary embodiment, comprising:
step 11, acquiring reflected wave data at a relative position at a first preset distance from a tunnel face in the tunneling direction of tunnel construction, wherein the reflected wave data is data of seismic waves generated by blasting the tunnel face;
and 12, determining geological information corresponding to a second preset distance in the tunneling direction based on the reflected wave data acquired at least twice, wherein the second preset distance comprises at least N first preset distances, and N is an integer greater than 1.
Here, the method may be applied to an electronic device. The electronic device may include a plurality of sensors to: reflected wave data is acquired at a relative position at a first predetermined distance from a face in a tunneling direction of tunnel construction. Here, the sensor may be a three-component detector.
For example, the number of sensors is 2x, and the 2x sensors may be x sensors in one group, i.e., a first group and a second group. The reflected wave data may be acquired by a first set of sensors and then acquired by a second set of sensors. In one embodiment, the reflected wave data may be acquired using the first and second sets of sensors alternately.
In one embodiment, the number of sensors per group is determined based on the accuracy requirements of the values of the collected reflected wave data. In one embodiment, in response to an accuracy requirement of the values of the collected reflected wave data being greater than an accuracy threshold, determining that the number of sensors per group is greater than a number threshold; determining that the number of sensors per group is less than a number threshold in response to an accuracy requirement of the value of the collected reflected wave data being less than an accuracy threshold. In this way, the number of sensors per group can be adapted to the accuracy requirements.
In one embodiment, each set of sensors may be evenly distributed on the inner wall of the tunnel at the same distance from the tunnel face. Here, the sensor may be disposed in a receiving hole of an inner wall of the tunnel. In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the receiving hole has a diameter of 50mm and a depth of 2m, is 1m from the bottom of the tunnel, and is drilled horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the tunnel, and the hole is cleaned after the final hole, so as to ensure that no debris such as broken stones and steel bars are left in the hole, and ensure that the receiver can be smoothly placed in the bottom of the hole.
In one embodiment, the heading direction of the tunneling construction may be the direction of movement of the heading device. For example, the heading direction of the tunnel construction may be the axial direction of the tunnel. Here, referring to fig. 3, the working face may be a working face in which excavation of a tunnel (in coal mining, mining or tunneling) is continuously advanced.
In one embodiment, each time the face is blasted, reflected wave data is acquired at a first predetermined distance from the face. Here, the first predetermined distance may be determined according to energy of blasting the face. In one embodiment, in response to the energy to blast the face being greater than an energy threshold, the first predetermined distance is greater than a distance threshold; in response to the energy to blast the face being less than an energy threshold, the second predetermined distance is less than a distance threshold. In this way, the first predetermined distance may be adapted to the energy of blasting the rock face.
In one embodiment, the second predetermined distance may be determined according to a frequency requirement for reporting geological information. In one embodiment, in response to the frequency requirement being greater than a frequency threshold, determining that the second distance is less than a distance threshold; in response to the frequency requirement being less than a frequency threshold, determining that the second distance is greater than a distance threshold. Thus, the second distance can be adapted to the frequency requirement for reporting geological information. Here, the geological information may be reported once without tunneling the second predetermined distance in the tunneling direction. Here, the geological information may be reported to the terminal device. Here, the electronic device may be a terminal device having a display function. Here, the terminal device may be a mobile terminal, a desktop computer, or the like; the mobile terminal can be a mobile phone, a wearable device, a tablet computer and a notebook computer.
In one embodiment, the direct wave velocity of the tunnel surrounding rock is obtained. Here, the direct wave velocity may be used to determine the first arrival time of the reflected wave based on the distance between the location where the sensor is located and the tunnel face. And arranging the reflected wave data based on the first arrival time.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the tunnel advances by D meters per cycle (corresponding to the distance traveled after a single blasting face), and effective forecast data is defined as N shots, i.e., geological information is reported after N blasts. Receiving holes are arranged at the left side wall and the right side wall of the tunnel at the position of N × D meters of the ion tunnel surface, and three-component detectors A1 and A2 are embedded in the holes. The tunnel face is tunneled forwards, and when the tunnel face is 2 × N × D meters away from the detectors A1 and A2, the detectors B1 and B2 are arranged in front of the detectors A1 and A2 by N × D meters. Here, as the tunnel is tunneled, the distance between the tunnel face and the detector becomes longer, and when B1 and B2 are 2 × N × D meters away from the tunnel face, the tunnel face is moved from a1, a2 to N × D meters in front of B1 and B2, and the tunnel face and the detector are sequentially alternated. It should be noted that the footage D per cycle of tunnel construction is generally less than 3 meters according to the difference of the process and the surrounding rock grade. When N x D is less than 50 meters, taking N x D as 50 meters can avoid moving the detector frequently due to too small footage per cycle.
In one embodiment, after each blasting of the tunnel chaplet face, the seismic waves generated by the blasting propagate in the surrounding rock and are also reflected by the rock stratum, and the reflected waves are received by the detector. In one embodiment, the detector is connected to a wireless module, and the wireless module may send the acquired reflected wave data to a terminal device.
In one embodiment, after the reflected wave data is acquired, the reflected wave data may be processed by at least one of: energy compensation, diffusion compensation, filtering, Q value estimation, reflected wave extraction, inverse Q filtering, longitudinal and transverse wave separation, speed analysis and offset imaging. And obtaining the geological information after the processing.
Here, the energy balance may be to compensate for the change of each shot due to the release of elastic energy by recording parameters such as maximum amplitude, mean square, and maximum absolute value. Here, the filtering may be to remove noise amplitude from the frequency signal range. The Q value estimation can be to determine the attenuation parameter Q from the direct wave. The extracting of the reflected wave may be extracting the uplink reflected wave using FK transform or radon transform. And inverse Q filtering, which can be formation absorption attenuation compensation waves. The vertical and horizontal wave separation may be a conversion of the x, y and z component recordings to P, SH and SV component recordings. The velocity analysis can be 2D network modeling of the propagation velocity of the longitudinal wave and the transverse wave. Offset imaging may be the mapping of the reflection amplitudes from the time domain to the physical model space.
Referring to fig. 5, a schematic diagram of geological information obtained based on the choreography of direct arrival velocities of surrounding rocks is shown in an exemplary embodiment. Fig. 6 is a depth offset image determined according to the reflected wave data. Fig. 7 is a top view and a side view of the reflection interface of the look-ahead system determined according to the reflected wave data.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, in the tunneling direction of tunnel construction, reflected wave data is acquired at a relative position at a first preset distance from a face, wherein the reflected wave data is data of seismic waves generated by blasting the face; and determining geological information corresponding to a second preset distance in the tunneling direction based on the reflected wave data acquired at least twice, wherein the second preset distance comprises at least N first preset distances, and N is an integer greater than 1. Here, since the acquired reflected wave data is data of seismic waves generated by blasting the tunnel face, an additional seismic source is not required, and efficiency of construction and determination of the geological information is higher. Meanwhile, the corresponding geological information on the second preset distance is determined based on the reflected wave data acquired at least twice, so that the accuracy of the acquired geological information is higher, and the geological condition can be reflected more truly.
It should be noted that, as can be understood by those skilled in the art, the methods provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be executed alone or together with some methods in the embodiments of the present disclosure or some methods in the related art.
FIG. 8 is a flow chart illustrating a method of obtaining geological information, as shown in FIG. 8, according to an exemplary embodiment, including:
and 81, alternately acquiring the reflected wave data by using at least two sensors at a relative position which is away from the tunnel face by a first preset distance in the tunneling direction.
In one embodiment, the sensor is a three-component detector.
In one embodiment, receiving holes are arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the tunnel at N x D meters from the tunnel surface, and three-component detectors A1 and A2 are embedded in the holes. The tunnel face is tunneled forwards, and when the tunnel face is 2 × N × D meters away from the detectors A1 and A2, the detectors B1 and B2 are arranged in front of the detectors A1 and A2 by N × D meters. Here, as the tunnel is tunneled, the distance between the tunnel face and the detector becomes longer, and when B1 and B2 are 2 × N × D meters away from the tunnel face, the tunnel face is moved from a1, a2 to N × D meters in front of B1 and B2, and the tunnel face and the detector are sequentially alternated. It should be noted that the footage D per cycle of tunnel construction is generally less than 3 meters according to the difference of the process and the surrounding rock grade. When N x D is less than 50 meters, taking N x D as 50 meters can avoid moving the detector frequently due to too small footage per cycle.
In one embodiment, the number of sensors is determined based on the accuracy requirements of the values of the collected reflected wave data. In one embodiment, in response to an accuracy requirement of the values of the collected reflected wave data being greater than an accuracy threshold, determining that the number of sensors is greater than a number threshold; in response to an accuracy requirement of the value of the collected reflected wave data being less than an accuracy threshold, determining that the number of sensors is less than a number threshold. In this way, the number of sensors can be adapted to the accuracy requirements.
In one embodiment, the sensors may be evenly distributed on the inner wall of the tunnel at the same distance from the tunnel face. Here, the sensor may be disposed in a receiving hole of an inner wall of the tunnel. In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2 again, the receiving hole has a diameter of 50mm and a depth of 2m, 1m from the bottom of the tunnel, and should be drilled horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the tunnel, and the hole is cleaned after the final hole, so as to ensure that no debris such as broken stones and steel bars are left in the hole, and ensure that the receiver can be smoothly placed in the bottom of the hole.
It should be noted that, as can be understood by those skilled in the art, the methods provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be executed alone or together with some methods in the embodiments of the present disclosure or some methods in the related art.
FIG. 9 is a flow chart illustrating a method of acquiring geological information, according to an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the at least two sensors including a first sensor and a second sensor; the method comprises the following steps:
step 91, responding to the start of collecting the reflected wave data by the first sensor, and reporting the collected reflected wave data to the terminal by the second sensor.
In one embodiment, after each blasting of the tunnel chaplet face, the seismic waves generated by the blasting propagate in the surrounding rock and are also reflected by the rock formation, and the reflected waves are received by the second sensor. In one embodiment, the second sensor is connected to a wireless module, and the wireless module may transmit the acquired reflected wave data to a terminal device.
It should be noted that, in response to the second sensor starting to collect the reflected wave data, the first sensor may also report the collected reflected wave data to the terminal. Therefore, the data can be reported while the data is collected.
It should be noted that, as can be understood by those skilled in the art, the methods provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be executed alone or together with some methods in the embodiments of the present disclosure or some methods in the related art.
FIG. 10 is a flow chart illustrating a method of obtaining geological information, as shown in FIG. 9, according to an exemplary embodiment, including:
101, acquiring the direct wave velocity of tunnel surrounding rock;
102, determining the first arrival time of a reference relative position according to the direct wave speed and the offset distance;
and 103, determining a time reference point for arranging the reflected wave data according to the first arrival time.
In one embodiment, the direct wave velocity Vp of the tunnel surrounding rock is measured by using the existing data and the seismic refracted wave method at the excavated section of the tunnel behind the current tunnel face. In one embodiment, the survey lines can be arranged on the side wall of the tunnel in a linear arrangement, and the slope of the straight line formed by the picked first arrivals is Vp.
Here, the offset may be a distance between the face and the sensor. Here, the first arrival time may be a time when the sensor receives the reflected wave for the first time after the blasting. Based on the time of each time the reflected wave is received by the sensor, the time reference point of the reflected wave data arrangement can be determined, and geological information can be obtained.
In one embodiment, the reflected wave data includes at least one of: data on the location of the blast, data on the first arrival time and data on the amplitude of the reflected wave.
It should be noted that, as can be understood by those skilled in the art, the methods provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be executed alone or together with some methods in the embodiments of the present disclosure or some methods in the related art.
In one embodiment, to better understand the disclosed embodiment, the disclosure is further illustrated below by an exemplary embodiment:
examples 1, 1,
In the example, tunnel face blasting in tunnel construction is used as a passive seismic source, and two sets of detectors are used for alternately acquiring data, so that real-time and automatic prediction of advanced geology of the tunnel is realized.
Referring to fig. 11, a flow chart illustrating a method of obtaining geological information according to an exemplary embodiment is shown, as shown in fig. 11, the method comprising:
step 111, measuring the direct wave speed; and measuring the direct wave velocity Vp of the tunnel surrounding rock by adopting the existing data and the seismic refracted wave method at the excavated section of the tunnel behind the current tunnel face. Here, the survey lines may be arranged in a linear arrangement on the tunnel side wall, and the slope of the straight line formed by the picked first arrivals is Vp.
And step 112, arranging detectors, wherein the footage of each cycle of the tunnel is assumed to be D meters, and the effective forecast data is specified to be N channels. And in the section needing forecasting, the arrangement of the detectors is carried out in advance. Receiving holes are arranged at the left side wall and the right side wall of the tunnel at N × D meters from the tunnel face, three-component detectors A1 and A2 are embedded in the holes, and data reception is started. The tunnel face is tunneled forwards, when the distance between the tunnel face and the detectors A1 and A2 is 2N D meters, the detectors B1 and B2 are arranged in front of the detectors A1 and A2N D meters, the arrangement of the detectors for the first time is completed, so that the reflected wave data collection of the detectors B1 and B2 is started, the data received by the detectors A1 and A2 are proper, and the prediction is started.
Receiving aperture requirements: the aperture of the receiving hole is 50mm, the hole depth is 2m, the hole is 1m away from the bottom of the tunnel, the hole is drilled horizontally in a way of being vertical to the axial direction of the tunnel, the hole cleaning is needed after the final hole, and the situation that sundries such as broken stones and reinforcing steel bars do not exist in the hole is ensured so as to ensure that the receiver can be smoothly placed at the bottom of the hole.
Movement of the detector: the distance between the tunnel face and the detector is more and more increased along with tunneling, when B1 and B2 are 2N D meters away from the tunnel face, the tunnel face is moved to the positions A1, A2 and B1 and B2N D meters ahead, and at the moment, the data of B1 and B2 are ready to be forecast. Alternating in sequence.
Step 113, collecting reflected wave data: blasting of each cycle of the tunnel face serves as a seismic source of the forecasting system. The seismic waves generated by blasting are transmitted in the surrounding rock and received by a detector.
Step 114, data transmission: the wave detector is connected with the wireless module, the wireless module is connected with the WIFi network in the tunnel, and the received data are transmitted to the processor terminal in real time.
Step 115, data arrangement: the detector receives the data and records the waveform for a long time. Because the energy generated by blasting is large enough, the received seismic waves are greatly different from background noise, and an obvious first-arrival take-off is realized. And according to the machine account of tunnel construction blasting, finding out the record of the corresponding time period, and taking the data 100ms before and 500ms after the obvious jump starting point as the effective interception data of the current cannon.
Each cycle of tunnel blasting generates a shot record, and when the effective number of shots reaches N (N is generally about 20), the records of the nearest N shots are taken to be combined into complete observation data according to the blasting time. First, picking up the first arrivals recorded by the guns, manually adjusting the delay time of the first arrivals of the guns until the slope of a straight line connected with the first arrivals is Vp, calculating the first arrival time of the first gun according to the offset L/Vp, and truncating the waveform before the first arrival L/Vp, namely, the first gun first arrival front L/Vp is treated as a time zero point (figure 4). The data obtained is arranged into seismic data of the current observation mode. Two sets of detectors, each time using the data received by the detector farther from the face as current data.
Step 116, data processing: the obtained seismic records are subjected to energy compensation, diffusion compensation, filtering, Q value estimation, reflected wave extraction, inverse Q filtering, longitudinal and transverse wave separation, velocity analysis, migration imaging and the like to obtain a final forecasting result graph (please refer to fig. 5 and fig. 6 again).
It should be noted that, as can be understood by those skilled in the art, the methods provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be executed alone or together with some methods in the embodiments of the present disclosure or some methods in the related art.
Fig. 12 is an illustration of an apparatus for obtaining geological information, comprising an acquisition module 121 and a processing module 122, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment, wherein,
the acquisition module 121 is configured to: acquiring reflected wave data at a relative position at a first preset distance from a tunnel face in the tunneling direction of tunnel construction, wherein the reflected wave data is data of seismic waves generated by blasting the tunnel face;
the processing module 122 is configured to: and determining geological information corresponding to a second preset distance in the tunneling direction based on the reflected wave data acquired at least twice, wherein the second preset distance comprises at least N first preset distances, and N is an integer greater than 1.
In an embodiment, the acquisition module 121 is further configured to: and in the tunneling direction, at a relative position with a first preset distance from the tunnel face, alternately acquiring the reflected wave data by using at least two sensors.
In an embodiment, the apparatus further includes a reporting module 123, where the reporting module 123 is configured to: and responding to the start of collecting the reflected wave data by the first sensor, and reporting the collected reflected wave data to the terminal by the second sensor.
In one embodiment, the processing module 122 is further configured to: acquiring the direct wave velocity of the tunnel surrounding rock;
determining the first arrival time of the reference relative position according to the direct wave speed and the offset distance;
and determining a time reference point of the arrangement of the reflected wave data according to the first arrival time.
In one embodiment, the acquisition module 121 is further configured to: the reflected wave data includes at least one of: data on the location of the blast, data on the first arrival time and data on the amplitude of the reflected wave.
It should be noted that, as can be understood by those skilled in the art, the methods provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be executed alone or together with some methods in the embodiments of the present disclosure or some methods in the related art.
Fig. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a display apparatus 800 according to an exemplary embodiment. For example, the display device 800 may be a mobile phone, a computer, a digital broadcast terminal, a messaging device, a game console, a tablet device, a medical device, an exercise device, a personal digital assistant, and the like.
Referring to fig. 13, the display device 800 may include one or more of the following components: a processing component 802, a memory 804, a power component 806, a multimedia component 808, an audio component 810, an input/output (I/O) interface 812, a sensor component 814, and a communication component 816.
The processing component 802 generally controls overall operation of the display device 800, such as operations associated with display, telephone calls, data communications, camera operations, and recording operations. The processing components 802 may include one or more processors 820 to execute instructions to perform all or a portion of the steps of the methods described above. Further, the processing component 302 can include one or more modules that facilitate interaction between the processing component 802 and other components. For example, the processing component 802 can include a multimedia module to facilitate interaction between the multimedia component 808 and the processing component 802.
The memory 804 is configured to store various types of data to support operations at the display device 800. Examples of such data include instructions for any application or method operating on display device 800, contact data, phonebook data, messages, pictures, videos, and so forth. The memory 804 may be implemented by any type or combination of volatile or non-volatile memory devices such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic or optical disks.
The power component 806 provides power to the various components of the display device 800. Power components 806 may include a power management system, one or more power sources, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power for display device 800.
The multimedia component 808 includes a screen that provides an output interface between the display device 800 and a user. In some embodiments, the screen may include a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and a Touch Panel (TP). If the screen includes a touch panel, the screen may be implemented as a touch screen to receive an input signal from a user. The touch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touch, slide, and gestures on the touch panel. The touch sensor may not only sense the boundary of a touch or slide action, but also detect the duration and pressure associated with the touch or slide operation. In some embodiments, the multimedia component 808 includes a front facing camera and/or a rear facing camera. The front-facing camera and/or the rear-facing camera may receive external multimedia data when the device 800 is in an operating mode, such as a shooting mode or a video mode. Each front camera and rear camera may be a fixed optical lens system or have a focal length and optical zoom capability.
The audio component 810 is configured to output and/or input audio signals. For example, the audio component 810 includes a Microphone (MIC) configured to receive external audio signals when the display device 800 is in an operating mode, such as a call mode, a recording mode, and a voice recognition mode. The received audio signals may further be stored in the memory 804 or transmitted via the communication component 816. In some embodiments, audio component 810 also includes a speaker for outputting audio signals.
The I/O interface 812 provides an interface between the processing component 802 and peripheral interface modules, which may be keyboards, click wheels, buttons, etc. These buttons may include, but are not limited to: a home button, a volume button, a start button, and a lock button.
The sensor assembly 814 includes one or more sensors for providing status assessment of various aspects to the display device 800. For example, sensor assembly 814 may detect the open/closed state of device 800, the relative positioning of components, such as a display and keypad of display device 800, sensor assembly 814 may also detect a change in position of display device 800 or a component of display device 800, the presence or absence of user contact with display device 800, the orientation or acceleration/deceleration of display device 800, and a change in temperature of display device 800. Sensor assembly 814 may include a proximity sensor configured to detect the presence of a nearby object without any physical contact. The sensor assembly 814 may also include a light sensor, such as a CMOS or CCD image sensor, for use in imaging applications. In some embodiments, the sensor assembly 814 may also include an acceleration sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a magnetic sensor, a pressure sensor, or a temperature sensor.
In an exemplary embodiment, the display device 800 may be implemented by one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), controllers, micro-controllers, microprocessors or other electronic components for performing the above-described methods.
In an exemplary embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, such as the memory 804 comprising instructions, executable by the processor 820 of the display device 800 to perform the above-described method is also provided. For example, the non-transitory computer readable storage medium may be a ROM, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, and the like.
A non-transitory computer readable storage medium, wherein instructions of the storage medium, when executed by a processor of a display device, enable the display device to perform the method of the above embodiments.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. A method of obtaining geological information, the method comprising:
acquiring reflected wave data at a relative position at a first preset distance from a tunnel face in the tunneling direction of tunnel construction, wherein the reflected wave data is data of seismic waves generated by blasting the tunnel face;
and determining geological information corresponding to a second preset distance in the tunneling direction based on the reflected wave data acquired at least twice, wherein the second preset distance comprises at least N first preset distances, and N is an integer greater than 1.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said obtaining reflected wave data at a relative location at a first predetermined distance from the tunnel face comprises:
and in the tunneling direction, at a relative position with a first preset distance from the tunnel face, alternately acquiring the reflected wave data by using at least two sensors.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the at least two sensors include a first sensor and a second sensor, the method further comprising:
and responding to the start of collecting the reflected wave data by the first sensor, and reporting the collected reflected wave data to the terminal by the second sensor.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
acquiring the direct wave velocity of the tunnel surrounding rock;
determining the first arrival time of the reference relative position according to the direct wave speed and the offset distance;
and determining a time reference point of the arrangement of the reflected wave data according to the first arrival time.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the reflected wave data comprises at least one of: data on the location of the blast, data on the first arrival time and data on the amplitude of the reflected wave.
6. The device for acquiring geological information is characterized by comprising an acquisition module and a processing module, wherein,
the acquisition module is used for: acquiring reflected wave data at a relative position at a first preset distance from a tunnel face in the tunneling direction of tunnel construction, wherein the reflected wave data is data of seismic waves generated by blasting the tunnel face;
the processing module is configured to: and determining geological information corresponding to a second preset distance in the tunneling direction based on the reflected wave data acquired at least twice, wherein the second preset distance comprises at least N first preset distances, and N is an integer greater than 1.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the acquisition module is further configured to: and in the tunneling direction, at a relative position with a first preset distance from the tunnel face, alternately acquiring the reflected wave data by using at least two sensors.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising a reporting module, configured to: and responding to the start of collecting the reflected wave data by the first sensor, and reporting the collected reflected wave data to the terminal by the second sensor.
9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the processing module is further configured to: acquiring the direct wave velocity of the tunnel surrounding rock;
determining the first arrival time of the reference relative position according to the direct wave speed and the offset distance;
and determining a time reference point of the arrangement of the reflected wave data according to the first arrival time.
10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the acquisition module is further configured to: the reflected wave data includes at least one of: data on the location of the blast, data on the first arrival time and data on the amplitude of the reflected wave.
11. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises: a processor and a memory for storing a computer service capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor is configured to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 5 when running the computer service.
12. A storage medium having computer-executable instructions embodied therein, the computer-executable instructions being executable by a processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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