CN113201604A - Method for producing parchment paper by using complex enzyme preparation - Google Patents
Method for producing parchment paper by using complex enzyme preparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN113201604A CN113201604A CN202110591512.XA CN202110591512A CN113201604A CN 113201604 A CN113201604 A CN 113201604A CN 202110591512 A CN202110591512 A CN 202110591512A CN 113201604 A CN113201604 A CN 113201604A
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- enzyme preparation
- complex enzyme
- parchment paper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C1/00—Chemical treatment prior to tanning
- C14C1/04—Soaking
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
- C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
- C14B1/58—Drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C1/00—Chemical treatment prior to tanning
- C14C1/06—Facilitating unhairing, e.g. by painting, by liming
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C1/00—Chemical treatment prior to tanning
- C14C1/08—Deliming; Bating; Pickling; Degreasing
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sanitary Thin Papers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of parchment paper production, and particularly relates to a method for producing parchment paper by using a complex enzyme preparation, which comprises the following process steps: pre-soaking, namely performing pre-soaking treatment on the fur-bearing raw hide in a tanning rotary drum; the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out main soaking, wherein a complex enzyme preparation is added in the main soaking process, and the complex enzyme preparation comprises lipase, protease and glycosidase; liming; re-ashing; deashing; pickling; and (5) drying the acid skin disintegrating plate to obtain parchment paper. The method for treating the sheepskin by adopting the complex enzyme preparation effectively realizes the unhairing of the sheepskin and the dispersion of the collagen fibers, endows the sheepskin with clean and complete grain surfaces, and is better used for preparing the sheepskin paper. In the production process of parchment paper, the application of the enzyme preparation can effectively reduce the dosage of sulfide, further reduce the pollution to the environment, and finally the prepared parchment paper has smooth and flat grain surface and good writing performance and water resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of parchment paper production, and particularly relates to a method for producing parchment paper by using a complex enzyme preparation.
Background
Parchment is a special "paper" material used to make books or provide writing. Sheepskin is selected as raw material skin, unhairing and degreasing treatment are carried out, and then the sheepskin paper with excellent performances of white transparency, folding resistance, smooth and flat grain surface and the like can be obtained through mechanical processing. In the traditional parchment paper manufacturing process, artificial grinding or sulfide is selected for unhairing the parchment. The manual polishing consumes time and labor; sodium sulfide and hydrogen sulfide gas generated by the sodium sulfide are harmful to human bodies, and the application of the sodium sulfide in depilation is gradually limited along with the stricter national requirements on environmental protection.
As a safe and clean biological agent, the enzyme preparation is widely concerned in the leather production in the processes of soaking, unhairing and the like. In the production process of parchment paper, the introduction of the enzyme preparation can reduce the dosage of sulfide, so that the grain surface of the parchment paper is flexible and smooth. In the current process of producing parchment paper, no prior case of enzyme preparation unhairing exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for producing parchment paper by using a complex enzyme preparation, which selects complex enzyme formed by multiple enzyme preparations such as lipase, protease, glycosidase and the like, and effectively applies the complex enzyme to the unhairing and degreasing processes of parchment to obtain the bare parchment with smooth and flat grain surface and white and clean grain surface for the preparation of the parchment paper, thereby realizing the clean production of the parchment paper.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for producing parchment paper by using a complex enzyme preparation comprises the following process steps:
(1) pre-soaking, namely performing pre-soaking treatment on the fur-bearing raw hide in a tanning rotary drum;
(2) the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out main soaking, wherein a complex enzyme preparation is added in the main soaking process, and the complex enzyme preparation comprises lipase, protease and glycosidase;
(3) liming;
(4) re-ashing;
(5) deashing;
(6) pickling;
(7) and (5) drying the acid skin disintegrating plate to obtain parchment paper.
The complex enzyme preparation can be prepared by combining different enzyme preparations such as lipase, protease, glycosidase and the like, and a compounding scheme of different enzymes is selected according to the characteristics of skins. The lipase is used for realizing the degreasing of the sheepskin; protease is used for removing non-collagen components such as elastin in the skin; glycosidases are effective in removing sugar components from the skin. The method for treating the sheepskin by adopting the complex enzyme preparation effectively realizes the unhairing of the sheepskin and the dispersion of collagen fibers, endows the sheepskin with a clean and complete grain surface, and is better used for preparing the sheepskin paper.
Preferably, the pre-soaking process specifically comprises the following steps: weighing the skins, adding lipase with the concentration of 300-700U/mL and 0.2-0.4% of bactericide into the skins at normal temperature and the liquid ratio of 1.0-2.0, rotating for 5-15 min per hour, stopping blowing for overnight after 3-5 h, and washing the skins with water on the next day.
Preferably, in the main soaking process in the step 2, the enzyme activities of the protease, the glycosidase and the lipase are all within the range of 3000-100000U/g, and the optimal action environment is a neutral or alkaline environment.
Preferably, the main soaking process in the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps: at normal temperature, adding a complex enzyme preparation consisting of keratinase, glycosidase and lipase at a liquid ratio of 0.5-1.5, wherein the concentrations of the protease, the glycosidase and the lipase are respectively 20-60U/mL and 20-60U/mL/300-700U/mL, removing large hairs after acting for 3-8 h, adding 1.0-2.0% NaHS to remove residual small hairs, washing with water and weighing.
Preferably, the liming process in step 3 specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) adding lime with the concentration of 3-9% into the solution with the liquid ratio of 1.5-2.5, rotating for 10-20 min per hour, stopping blowing, standing overnight, and removing meat on the next day.
Preferably, the ash recovery process in the step 4 specifically comprises the following steps: adding 1-5% lime into the solution in a liquid ratio of 1.5-2.5, soaking for 2-3 days, and then washing with water.
Preferably, the deliming process in the step 5 specifically comprises the following steps: adding 0.5-1.5% formic acid into the solution at a ratio of 1.5-2.5, and adjusting the pH to 6.
Preferably, the pickling process in step 6 specifically includes the following steps: adding 5-10% of sodium chloride and 1-3% of anhydrous sodium sulfate into the solution at a liquid ratio of 0.5-1.5, and adjusting the pH value to 5.
Preferably, step 7 specifically comprises the following steps: drying the pickled skin disintegrating plate until the moisture content of the sheepskin is 40-60%, and smearing 3-8 g/m on the meat surface2And (5) titanium dioxide, and naturally drying to obtain the parchment paper.
All the sheepskins with complete structures and no damage can be used for preparing the sheepskin paper, so that sheepskins of different varieties such as sheep skin, goat skin and the like can be selected.
The preparation process of the parchment paper comprises the processes of fully soaking parchment, degreasing, unhairing and fiber dispersion, so that a bactericide, sodium sulfide, lime and other chemical reagents are required to participate. In order to ensure the safety of the skin, the bactericide is used for inhibiting the growth of bacteria in the long-time soaking process, and the phenomena of 'rotten surface' and 'hair slipping' are avoided; removing residual hair by using sodium sulfide; the fiber is loosened by lime and the skin is endowed with a white and smooth grain surface.
Advantageous effects
The invention discloses a method for producing parchment paper by using a complex enzyme preparation, which can realize clean production of the parchment paper. The method for treating the sheepskin by adopting the complex enzyme preparation effectively realizes the unhairing of the sheepskin and the dispersion of the collagen fibers, endows the sheepskin with clean and complete grain surfaces, and is better used for preparing the sheepskin paper. The enzyme preparation is used as a nontoxic and harmless biological material, has high efficiency and substrate specificity, and can effectively hydrolyze unnecessary components in the skin. Meanwhile, the dosage of the enzyme preparation is controlled within a certain range, so that the collagen fibers can be fully dispersed, and the preparation of the parchment paper is facilitated. In the production process of parchment paper, the application of the enzyme preparation can effectively reduce the dosage of sulfide, thereby reducing the pollution to the environment. The prepared parchment paper has smooth and flat grain surface and good writing performance and water resistance.
Drawings
FIG. 1: compound enzyme unhairing effect diagram;
FIG. 2: drawing of a parchment paper finished product;
FIG. 3: the writing performance and the water resistance performance of the parchment paper are shown.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. Before the description is made, it should be understood that the terms used in the present specification and the appended claims should not be construed as limited to general and dictionary meanings, but interpreted based on the meanings and concepts corresponding to technical aspects of the present invention on the basis of the principle that the inventor is allowed to define terms appropriately for the best explanation. Accordingly, the description proposed herein is just a preferable example for the purpose of illustrations only, not intended to limit the scope of the invention, so it should be understood that other equivalents and modifications could be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The following examples are given by way of illustration of embodiments of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, reagents and equipment used in the following examples are commercially available products.
Example 1
A method for producing parchment paper by using a complex enzyme preparation comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-soaking: weighing the skin, adding 500U/mL lipase and 0.3% bactericide at normal temperature and liquid ratio of 1.5, rotating for 5min every hour, stopping blowing for overnight after 4 h, and washing the skin with water the next day.
(2) Main soaking: under normal temperature, the liquid ratio is 1, the concentrations of the added keratinase, the glycosidase and the lipase are respectively 40U/mL, 40U/mL and 500U/mL, after 5 hours of action, large hairs are removed, and after 1.5 percent NaHS is added to remove residual small hairs, the mixture is washed by water and weighed.
(3) Liming: adding 6% lime at a liquid ratio of 2, rotating for 15min every hour, stopping bubbling overnight, and removing meat the next day.
(4) Ash recovery: adding lime 3% in the liquid ratio of 2, soaking for 2-3 days, and washing with water.
(5) Deliming: adding 1% formic acid into the mixture with the liquid ratio of 2, and adjusting the pH value to 6.
(6) Pickling: adding 7% of sodium chloride and 2% of anhydrous sodium sulfate according to the liquid ratio of 1, and adjusting the pH value to 5.
(7) And (3) drying the acid skin disintegrating board until the moisture content of the sheepskin is about 50%, coating 5 g/m2 titanium dioxide on the meat surface, and naturally drying to obtain the sheepskin paper.
All the sheepskins with complete structures and no damage can be used for preparing the sheepskin paper, so that sheepskins of different varieties such as sheep skin, goat skin and the like can be selected.
The complex enzyme preparation can be prepared by combining different enzyme preparations such as lipase, protease, glycosidase and the like, and a compounding scheme of different enzymes is selected according to the characteristics of skins. The lipase is used for realizing the degreasing of the sheepskin; protease is used for removing non-collagen components such as elastin in the skin; glycosidases are effective in removing sugar components from the skin. The method for treating the sheepskin by adopting the complex enzyme preparation effectively realizes the unhairing of the sheepskin and the dispersion of collagen fibers, endows the sheepskin with a clean and complete grain surface, and is better used for preparing the sheepskin paper. The unhairing effect of the complex enzyme preparation is shown in figure 1.
The preparation process of the parchment paper comprises the processes of fully soaking parchment, degreasing, unhairing and fiber dispersion, so that a bactericide, sodium sulfide, lime and other chemical reagents are required to participate. In order to ensure the safety of the skin, the bactericide is used for inhibiting the growth of bacteria in the long-time soaking process, and the phenomena of 'rotten surface' and 'hair slipping' are avoided; removing residual hair by using sodium sulfide; the fiber is loosened by lime and the skin is endowed with a white and smooth grain surface.
The enzyme preparation is used as a nontoxic and harmless biological material, has high efficiency and substrate specificity, and can effectively hydrolyze unnecessary components in the skin. Meanwhile, the dosage of the enzyme preparation is controlled within a certain range, so that the collagen fibers can be fully dispersed, and the preparation of the parchment paper is facilitated. In the production process of parchment paper, the application of the enzyme preparation can effectively reduce the dosage of sulfide, thereby reducing the pollution to the environment. The prepared parchment paper has smooth and flat grain surface and good writing performance and water resistance. The parchment paper prepared by the invention is shown in figure 2.
And (3) testing the water resistance of parchment paper: after writing on parchment paper with pens of different colors, the parchment paper is soaked in water and kept stand for 24 hours. Taking out, drying with filter paper, stacking the side with handwriting opposite to the blank parchment paper, pressurizing for 10 min, wiping the handwriting, and observing the change of the handwriting. Besides the water color pen, the parchment paper has better fixing effect on pens, oil pens, carbon pens and the like. The specific test effect graph is shown in fig. 3.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.
Claims (9)
1. A method for producing parchment paper by using a complex enzyme preparation is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
(1) pre-soaking, namely performing pre-soaking treatment on the fur-bearing raw hide in a tanning rotary drum;
(2) the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out main soaking, wherein a complex enzyme preparation is added in the main soaking process, and the complex enzyme preparation comprises lipase, protease and glycosidase;
(3) liming;
(4) re-ashing;
(5) deashing;
(6) pickling;
(7) and (5) drying the acid skin disintegrating plate to obtain parchment paper.
2. The method for producing parchment paper using complex enzyme preparation according to claim 1, wherein the pre-soaking process specifically comprises the steps of: weighing the skins, adding lipase with the concentration of 300-700U/mL and 0.2-0.4% of bactericide into the skins at normal temperature and the liquid ratio of 1.0-2.0, rotating for 5-15 min per hour, stopping blowing for overnight after 3-5 h, and washing the skins with water on the next day.
3. The method for producing parchment paper using complex enzyme preparation according to claim 1, wherein in the main soaking process of step 2, the enzyme activities of the protease, glycosidase, and lipase are all within the range of 3000-100000U/g, and the optimal action environment is neutral or alkaline environment.
4. The method for producing parchment paper using complex enzyme preparation according to claim 3, wherein the main soaking process of step 2 specifically comprises the following steps: at normal temperature, adding a complex enzyme preparation consisting of keratinase, glycosidase and lipase at a liquid ratio of 0.5-1.5, wherein the concentrations of the protease, the glycosidase and the lipase are respectively 20-60U/mL and 20-60U/mL/300-700U/mL, removing large hairs after acting for 3-8 h, adding 1.0-2.0% NaHS to remove residual small hairs, washing with water and weighing.
5. The method for producing parchment paper using complex enzyme preparation according to claim 1, wherein the liming process of step 3 specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) adding lime with the concentration of 3-9% into the solution with the liquid ratio of 1.5-2.5, rotating for 10-20 min per hour, stopping blowing, standing overnight, and removing meat on the next day.
6. The method for producing parchment paper by using the complex enzyme preparation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ash recovery process of step 4 specifically comprises the following steps: adding 1-5% lime into the solution in a liquid ratio of 1.5-2.5, soaking for 2-3 days, and then washing with water.
7. The method for producing parchment paper using complex enzyme preparation according to claim 1, wherein the deliming process of step 5 specifically includes the steps of: adding 0.5-1.5% formic acid into the solution at a ratio of 1.5-2.5, and adjusting the pH to 6.
8. The method for producing parchment paper using complex enzyme preparation according to claim 1, wherein the pickling process of step 6 specifically includes the steps of: adding 5-10% of sodium chloride and 1-3% of anhydrous sodium sulfate into the solution at a liquid ratio of 0.5-1.5, and adjusting the pH value to 5.
9. The method for producing parchment paper using complex enzyme preparation according to claim 1, wherein step 7 specifically comprises the following steps: drying the pickled skin disintegrating plate until the moisture content of the sheepskin is 40-60%, and smearing 3-8 g/m on the meat surface2And (5) titanium dioxide, and naturally drying to obtain the parchment paper.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101235421A (en) * | 2008-02-02 | 2008-08-06 | 四川大学 | Animal fur clean depilation and fur fiber loosing method for preparing leather and application thereof |
| CN105734183A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-07-06 | 吴全永 | Parchment for writing and painting |
| CN108315502A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-07-24 | 陶吉庆 | Ecological skin cuts skin painting making technology |
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- 2021-05-28 CN CN202110591512.XA patent/CN113201604B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101235421A (en) * | 2008-02-02 | 2008-08-06 | 四川大学 | Animal fur clean depilation and fur fiber loosing method for preparing leather and application thereof |
| CN105734183A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-07-06 | 吴全永 | Parchment for writing and painting |
| CN108315502A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-07-24 | 陶吉庆 | Ecological skin cuts skin painting making technology |
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| CN113201604B (en) | 2022-06-10 |
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