CN113199148B - Processing method of transverse cake-shaped bouncing super-hydrophobic inclined column array of liquid drops - Google Patents
Processing method of transverse cake-shaped bouncing super-hydrophobic inclined column array of liquid drops Download PDFInfo
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- CN113199148B CN113199148B CN202110489453.5A CN202110489453A CN113199148B CN 113199148 B CN113199148 B CN 113199148B CN 202110489453 A CN202110489453 A CN 202110489453A CN 113199148 B CN113199148 B CN 113199148B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/355—Texturing
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
Abstract
The invention provides a processing method of a transverse cake-shaped bouncing super-hydrophobic inclined column array of liquid drops, belonging to the technical field of micro special processing. The processing method comprises the following steps: setting nano laser processing parameters, and processing a micro/nano structure at the top of the inclined column array on the metal substrate in advance; fixing the processed workpiece on an X-axis rotatable electric control platform, setting the rotation angle of the X-axis of the electric control platform, manufacturing an inclined column array on a metal substrate by adopting a line-by-line feeding processing method, and performing low surface energy modification on the obtained inclined column array by adopting fluorosilane or stearic acid solution to obtain the super-hydrophobic inclined column array. The method has the advantages of simplicity and easiness in operation, low cost, controllable structural size and inclination angle of the manufactured super-hydrophobic inclined column array, wide processing range, stable super-hydrophobic performance and the like, the super-hydrophobic inclined column array prepared by the method can reduce the liquid-solid contact time by 84%, and can effectively realize transverse cake-shaped bouncing of liquid drops to prevent the occurrence of an icing phenomenon.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of micro special processing, and relates to a processing method of a transverse cake-shaped bouncing super-hydrophobic inclined column array of liquid drops.
Background
The freezing rain is a common disastrous weather in the early winter or the late winter and the early spring, is very easy to adhere to the surfaces of electric wires, wings, iron towers and the like and form thicker and thicker ice layers, and greatly influences the production and the life of human beings. The existing research finds that the phenomenon of cake-shaped bounce can be generated when water drops impact the surface of the super-hydrophobic columnar structure, so that the solid-liquid contact time is greatly shortened, and the formation of an ice layer can be effectively avoided by obviously shortening the solid-liquid contact time. The water drops vertically collided to the surface of the super-hydrophobic columnar structure can be spread first, then rebound and finally break away from the substrate, and for the super-hydrophobic surface with a symmetrical structure, the water drops are difficult to break away from the surface of the substrate finally due to the fact that the direction of the cake-shaped bounce of the water drops is consistent with the falling direction. Therefore, the manufacturing of the super-hydrophobic inclined column array capable of enabling the liquid drops to generate transverse cake-shaped bouncing is of great significance to freezing and rain prevention.
Although Lavrik et al, US, Oak Ridge national laboratory, used deep reactive ion etching to produce an array of super-hydrophobic tilted posts (Advanced Materials Interfaces,2014,1400337) with a 10 μm bottom diameter, 10 μm pitch, 40 μm height, and 20 ° post tilt angle on a silicon substrate; kim et al, Korea's Seoul national university, used a soft lithography method to fabricate a pillar array on a polymer substrate, followed by Ar+Obtaining an inclined column array (Soft Matter,2010,6, 3924-; feng et al of hong Kong City university adopts a 3D printing technology based on projection micro-stereolithography to manufacture a submillimeter-level super-hydrophobic inclined column array with a column inclination angle of 70-90 degrees (Science Advances 2020; 6, eabb 4540). In summary, although the above processing methods can prepare the oblique column array, their methods generally have the disadvantages of complex preparation process, expensive lithography equipment or limited preparation materials.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a processing method of a transverse cake-shaped bouncing super-hydrophobic inclined column array of liquid drops. According to the invention, the super-hydrophobic inclined column array is prepared by a method of firstly processing an inclined column structure by nanosecond laser line-by-line feeding and then modifying by using a low-surface-energy material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a processing method of a transverse cake-shaped bouncing super-hydrophobic inclined column array of liquid drops comprises the following steps:
firstly, processing the inclined column array:
1.1) firstly, in order to construct a micro/nano structure on the top of an inclined column array in advance, preprocessing the surface of a metal workpiece by adopting nanosecond laser according to a set laser scanning track 1, wherein the scanning track 1 is a pattern with a filling line interval of 10-50 microns, the processing power is 5-30W, the scanning speed is 100-2000 mm/s, the frequency is 20-50 kHz, and the processing frequency of the track scanning 1 is 1 time;
1.2) secondly, drawing a scanning track 2 of nanosecond laser on the surface of the metal workpiece processed in the step 1.1): drawing a rectangular area with the width of d + S and the length of n x (d + S) on the surface of the metal workpiece, wherein d is the diameter of the top of the oblique column array, and S is the gap between adjacent columns of the oblique cone array; drawing an equidistant circular array with a gap of S and a diameter of d inside the rectangular area, wherein during laser processing, the filled area is removed under laser ablation, the unfilled circular area is reserved to form an inclined column, the circular area is not filled, the areas outside the circle are filled, and the space between the filling lines is 10-50 μm;
1.3) again, the processing parameters of the nanosecond laser are reset: the processing power is 5W-30W, the scanning speed is 100 mm/S-2000 mm/S, the frequency is 20 kHz-50 kHz, the processing times of the scanning track 2 are 40-100, after the processing is finished, an inclined column with the diameter of the top end d, the column gap S and the height H can be obtained, wherein the height H is regulated and controlled by changing the processing times of the scanning track 2;
1.4) finally, fixing the workpiece processed in the step 1.1) on an X-axis rotatable electric control platform, and setting the X-axis rotation angle of the electric control platform as alpha (the included angle between the surface of the metal workpiece and the horizontal plane is alpha); meanwhile, the X-axis rotation angle alpha of the electric control platform is also the inclination angle of the batter post, so that the inclination angle of the batter post can be regulated and controlled by setting the alpha. Processing the surface of the metal workpiece along the scanning track of the step 1.2) according to the processing parameters set in the step 1.3), specifically: after the single-row oblique column is machined, in order to keep the focal length of the nanosecond laser on the surface of the workpiece unchanged, the moving distances of the electric control platform along the Y axis and the Z axis are set to be l respectivelyY＝(d+S)×cosα，lZ(d + S) × sin α; when one row of oblique columns is machined, the electric control platform moves along the Y axis and the Z axis respectivelyY、lZDistance, and then processing the next line; finally, the metal substrate is processed into an inclined column array with the top diameter d of 100-500 mu m, the gap S of 100-300 mu m, the height H of 400-800 mu m and the column inclination angle alpha of 0-60 degrees.
Step two, low surface energy treatment:
and at room temperature, placing the inclined column array processed in the first step in a low surface energy solution for modification, taking out and drying to obtain the super-hydrophobic inclined column array, wherein the obtained super-hydrophobic inclined column array can realize transverse cake-shaped bouncing of liquid drops, and further realize quick separation of the liquid drops on the surface of the matrix.
Further, the metal matrix is copper, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, titanium alloy or stainless steel.
Further, the laser for realizing the laser scanning track is an ultraviolet laser or a fiber laser.
Further, the low surface energy solution includes a fluorosilane, a stearic acid solution, or other solutions.
Further, the angle range of the X-axis rotation angle alpha is 0-60 degrees.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the processing method provided by the invention is suitable for common engineering metal materials, and has low processing cost and high processing efficiency;
(2) the super-hydrophobic inclined column array manufactured by the method has the advantages of controllable column size and inclination angle and wide processing range;
(3) the super-hydrophobic inclined column array manufactured by the invention can realize transverse cake-shaped bounce of liquid drops, further realize quick separation of the liquid drops on the surface of a substrate, and the solid-liquid contact time can be reduced by 84%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process for manufacturing a super-hydrophobic inclined pillar array by a nanosecond laser processing method.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for nanosecond laser machining of an array of superhydrophobic batter posts.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the shape of an array of superhydrophobic batter posts.
Fig. 4 shows the movement of a superhydrophobic inclined pillar array in which 14.0 μ L of water drops hit d 250 μm, S200 μm, H550 μm, and α 45 °.
Fig. 5 is a superhydrophobic image of a fabricated superhydrophobic batter post array.
Detailed Description
The following further describes a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings and technical solutions.
Example (b):
a nanosecond laser is adopted to process a transverse cake-shaped bouncing super-hydrophobic inclined column array of liquid drops, as shown in figure 1, the specific method is as follows:
firstly, nanosecond laser processing of an inclined column array:
1.1) polishing 1060 aluminum plates (3 mm thick) with 800# and 1500# sandpaper in sequence followed by ultrasonic cleaning with deionized water to remove surface oil stains and dust;
1.2) nanosecond laser processing an aluminum plate to construct a micro/nano structure, wherein the processing power is 21W, the scanning speed is 700mm/s, the scanning frequency is 20kHz, the space between filling lines is 50 mu m, and the scanning frequency is 1;
1.3) drawing a scanning track of nanosecond laser: drawing a rectangle with the width of 0.5mm and the length of 9mm, drawing a 20X 1 circular array with the gap of 200 mu m and the diameter of 250 mu m inside, filling the circular outer area without filling the circular area, and filling the line spacing of 50 mu m;
1.4) setting nanosecond laser processing parameters: the processing power is 21W, the scanning speed is 700mm/s, the scanning frequency is 20kHz, and the scanning frequency is 80;
1.5) fixing the workpiece processed in the step 1.2) on an electric control platform which can rotate along an X axis, setting the rotation angle of the X axis of the electric control platform to be 45 degrees, and setting the moving distances of the electric control platform along a Y axis and a Z axis to be 0.32mm and 0.32mm respectively in order to keep the focal distance between the nanosecond laser and the surface of the workpiece unchanged; finally, the inclined column array with the diameter d of 250 μm at the top, the gap S of 200 μm, the height H of 700 μm and the column inclination angle alpha of 45 degrees is processed.
Step two, low surface energy treatment:
and at room temperature, placing the obtained aluminum matrix inclined column array in a fluorosilane low-surface-energy solution for modification, wherein the modification time is 40 minutes, taking out the aluminum matrix inclined column array and drying the aluminum matrix inclined column array at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ for 30 minutes, and finally obtaining the super-hydrophobic inclined column array.
The contact angle between the obtained super-hydrophobic inclined column array and water is larger than 150 degrees, the rolling angle is smaller than 10 degrees, and the liquid drops dropping on the super-hydrophobic inclined column array can realize transverse cake-shaped bounce.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, but not should be understood as the limitation of the scope of the invention patent, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A processing method of a transverse cake-shaped bouncing super-hydrophobic inclined column array of liquid drops is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, processing the inclined column array:
1.1) in order to construct a micro/nano structure on the top of an oblique column array in advance, a nanosecond laser is adopted to pre-process the surface of a metal workpiece according to a set laser scanning track 1, wherein the scanning track 1 is a pattern with a filling line spacing of 10-50 microns, the processing power is 5-30W, the scanning speed is 100-2000 mm/s, the frequency is 20-50 kHz, and the processing frequency of the scanning track 1 is 1 time;
1.2) drawing a scanning track 2 of nanosecond laser on the surface of the metal workpiece processed in the step 1.1): drawing a rectangular area with the width of d + S and the length of n x (d + S) on the surface of the metal workpiece, wherein d is the diameter of the top of the inclined column array, and S is the gap between adjacent columns of the inclined column array; drawing an equidistant circular array with a gap of S and a diameter of d inside the rectangular area, wherein during laser processing, the filled area is removed under laser ablation, the unfilled circular area is reserved to form an inclined column, the circular area is not filled, the areas outside the circle are filled, and the space between the filling lines is 10-50 μm;
1.3) resetting the processing parameters of the nanosecond laser: the processing power is 5W-30W, the scanning speed is 100 mm/S-2000 mm/S, the frequency is 20 kHz-50 kHz, the processing times of the scanning track 2 are 40-100, after the processing is finished, an inclined column with the diameter of the top end d, the column gap S and the height H can be obtained, wherein the height H is regulated and controlled by changing the processing times of the scanning track 2;
1.4) fixing the workpiece processed in the step 1.1) on an X-axis rotatable electric control platform, and setting the X-axis rotation angle of the workpiece to beAlpha, simultaneously, the X-axis rotation angle alpha of the electric control platform is also the inclination angle of the batter post, and the inclination angle of the batter post is regulated and controlled by setting the alpha; processing the surface of the metal workpiece along the scanning track of the step 1.2) according to the processing parameters set in the step 1.3), specifically: after the single-row oblique column is machined, in order to keep the focal length of the nanosecond laser on the surface of the workpiece unchanged, the moving distances of the electric control platform along the Y axis and the Z axis are set to be l respectivelyY＝(d+S)×cosα，lZ(d + S) × sin α; when one row of oblique columns is machined, the electric control platform moves along the Y axis and the Z axis respectivelyY、lZDistance, and then processing the next line; finally, processing an oblique column array on the metal matrix;
step two, low surface energy treatment:
and at room temperature, placing the inclined column array in a low surface energy solution for modification, taking out and drying to obtain the super-hydrophobic inclined column array, wherein the super-hydrophobic inclined column array can realize transverse cake-shaped bouncing of liquid drops and realize quick separation of the liquid drops on the surface of a matrix.
2. The method for processing the transverse cake-shaped bouncing super-hydrophobic inclined post array of the liquid drop as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter d of the top of the inclined post array in the step 1.4) is 100 μm to 500 μm, the gap S is 100 μm to 300 μm, the height H is 400 μm to 800 μm, and the inclination angle α of the post is 0 ° to 60 °.
3. The method for processing the transverse cake-shaped bouncing super-hydrophobic inclined post array as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser for realizing the laser scanning track is an ultraviolet laser or a fiber laser.
4. The method for processing the transverse cake-shaped bouncing super-hydrophobic inclined post array as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metal matrix is copper, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, titanium alloy or stainless steel.
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