CN113197229B

CN113197229B - Volatile extract of leaf of herba Epilobii Angustifoii, and preparation method and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113197229B
Application number: CN202110527588.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙世伟; 苟亚峰; 秦晓威; 刘爱勤; 王政; 孟倩倩; 高圣风; 薛超
Original assignee: Spice and Beverage Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Spice and Beverage Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2021-05-14
Filing date: 2021-05-14
Publication date: 2022-07-01
Anticipated expiration: 2041-05-14
Also published as: CN113197229A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of insect control, and particularly relates to a leaf extract of cymbidium sinense, and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: crushing the leaf of the variegated orchid, extracting by steam distillation, and adding n-hexane into distillate to extract to obtain an extract. Experiments show that the prepared herba Epilobii leaf volatile extract has an obvious avoidance effect on German cockroach, and can be used for preparing insect repellents.

Description

Volatile extract of leaf of herba Epilobii Angustifoii, and preparation method and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of insect control, and particularly relates to a volatile extract of leaf of cymbidium sinense, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

The cockroach, the academic name cockroach, is one of the important species in medical insects. In recent years, along with the acceleration of urbanization, population density is increased, sanitation control is insufficient, cockroach invasion in China is becoming more serious, and the incidence of related diseases is also rapidly increased. Cockroaches are negative phototaxis insects which travel at night and day, indoor cockroaches are hidden in dark places such as hidden corners, holes, seams, holes and the like of objects in a house and are not easy to clean in the day, but are located in places with abundant food and close to water sources, most of residential households are kitchens and sundries, and the infringement rate of halls is relatively low. Come out at night looking for food, water and mating. Cockroaches are an important sanitary pest, which can carry many pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, molds, parasitic eggs and protozoa, and can cause transmission. It has been reported in China that dysentery bacillus, typhoid bacillus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus, various fungi, adenovirus, enterovirus, poliovirus and the like are isolated from the body of the cockroach, and pathogens such as liver surface antigen, helminth egg (roundworm, whipworm, pinworm, taenian and the like), amoeba and flagellate are detected.

With the continuous improvement of living standard, the reconstruction of environment and the development of transportation industry, the harm of cockroaches is getting more and more serious. For a long time, people take many measures to reduce the harm of cockroaches, but the effect is not great. The common method comprises physical control and chemical control, and because the places where cockroaches live frequently are places where people live, live and store food, the chemical agent is used for killing the cockroaches and is directly harmful to human health. In addition, cockroaches are widely distributed, rapidly propagate and have strong adaptability, single control measures are often difficult to take effect, especially German cockroaches are difficult to deal with, and the aim of effective control can be achieved only by adopting a comprehensive control method. The invention can prevent and control the cockroach from the biological control angle, has the greatest advantages of protecting ecological balance, preventing the environmental pollution caused by using chemical agents and being a main measure for preventing and controlling the cockroach.

The Pachylan, a botanical name of Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb, is mainly planted in south and southeast Asia countries such as Srilanka, India, Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, etc. Has long eating history and rich cultural connotation. The leaves of the tea can emit natural fragrance similar to the fragrance of rice dumplings, the main component of the tea is 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (hereinafter referred to as 2-AP), the tea is easy to cause appetite of people, can enhance cell vitality, accelerate metabolism and improve human immunity, is mainly used for making foods, beverages, spices and the like, and is known as vanilla of oriental people. The leaf of variegated orchid in China was originally introduced from Indonesia in the 50's of the last century by Chinese, and is mainly distributed in provinces such as Hainan, Yunnan and Guangdong at present. In parts of southern areas, the southern areas have abundant utilization culture of the leaf of the variegated orchid, mostly use the south ocean culture as a carrier, and have a folk comprehensive utilization mode as a main mode, and the variegated leaf of the variegated orchid is utilized and spread in industries such as special catering, ornamental gardening, leisure travel and the like.

Research reports that the volatile components of the leaf of the variegated orchid have great difference in identification result due to different extraction modes. Jiang et al identified 22 volatile components from leaf of Magnolia liliiflora by solvent extraction with methylene chloride, the major component being 3-methyl-2- (5H) -furanone (73.07%); laohakunjit et al identified 12 volatile components, the main components being 2-AP and 3-methyl-2- (5H) -furanone, by ethanol solvent extraction; ngadia and the like compare the influence of 3 different solvent extractions of methanol, ethanol and propanol on the content of 2-AP, and find that the content of 2-AP in the ethanol extract is the highest and the 2-AP is not found in the propanol; the Yi Gui Hao et al adopts supercritical CO2 extraction method to identify 15 volatile components, the main components are squalene, beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol. At present, no report on the use of the leaf of the variegated orchid in preparing an insect repellent is available.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a herba Epilobii Angustifoii leaf extract, and a preparation method and application thereof. The extract has obvious evasion activity to German cockroach, and can be used for preparing insect repellent.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

the invention provides a preparation method of a volatile extract of leaf of herba Epimeredis Indicae, which comprises the following steps:

crushing the leaf of the variegated orchid, extracting by steam distillation, and adding n-hexane into distillate to extract to obtain an extract.

The inventor of the application finds that the volatile components of the leaves of the cymbidium floribundum have certain avoidance effect on the cockroaches, and the primary judgment shows that the volatile components of the leaves of the cymbidium floribundum play a role in the main component 2-AP, so that the invention plays a vital role in the biological control of sanitary pests, namely the cockroaches, and has the advantages of remarkable economic benefit and wide development and utilization prospects.

In some embodiments, the steam distillation extraction is carried out at a temperature of 80 ℃ for a period of 8 hours.

In some embodiments, the volume ratio of n-hexane to distillate is 1: 1.

In the preparation method of the invention, the steps of drying and concentrating are also included after the extract liquid is obtained.

In some embodiments, the drying agent employed is anhydrous sodium sulfate; the concentration is rotary evaporation concentration.

The invention also provides the volatile extract of the leaf of the variegated orchid prepared by the preparation method.

The invention also provides application of the magnolia leaf volatile extract in preparation of an insect repellent, a sachet or an air freshener.

In some embodiments, the amount of the volatile extract of the leaves of Magnolia liliflora used is 500 μ g/cm when used as an insect repellent²～1000μg/cm². In some embodiments, 500. mu.g/cm²Or 1000. mu.g/cm²。

In some embodiments, the insect is german cockroach.

The invention also provides an insect repellent which comprises the volatile extract of the leaf of the cymbidium flechetii and an acceptable auxiliary agent.

The preparation method of the herba melaleucae leaf volatile extract provided by the invention comprises the following steps: crushing the leaf of the variegated orchid, extracting by steam distillation, and adding n-hexane into distillate to extract to obtain an extract. Experiments show that the prepared herba Epilobii leaf volatile extract has an obvious avoidance effect on German cockroach, and can be used for preparing insect repellents.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows an evasion experimental apparatus.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a herba melastoma russiae leaf extract and a preparation method and application thereof. Those skilled in the art can modify the process parameters appropriately to achieve the desired results with reference to the disclosure herein. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications which would be obvious to one skilled in the art are deemed to be included in the invention. While the methods and applications of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that variations and modifications in the methods and applications described herein, as well as other suitable variations and combinations, may be made to implement and use the techniques of this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

The test materials adopted by the invention are all common commercial products and can be purchased in the market.

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:

example 1

1 materials and methods

1.1 Experimental materials

1.1.1 test plants: leaf of Epimedium, fresh leaf of aromatic beverage institute of tropical agrology academy of China.

1.1.2 test pests: adult German cockroach (Blattellarmanica), raising in a laboratory, and selecting healthy and active German cockroach of the same generation as the pest to be tested.

1.2 Experimental methods

1.2.1 preparation method of volatile substance in leaf of Patch

Drying and crushing the leaves of the melaleuca sinica, weighing a certain amount of powder of the leaves of the melaleuca sinica, soaking the powder in tap water, putting the soaked powder into a self-made steam distillation device (80 ℃ and distilling the powder for 8 hours), pouring the distillate into a separating funnel in parts, extracting the distillate by using a certain amount of normal hexane (the volume ratio is 1:1), standing the extract for 30 minutes, repeating the steps for three times, drying the obtained normal hexane extract by using anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then performing rotary evaporation and concentration to obtain volatile substances of the leaves of the melaleuca sinica having aromatic odor.

1.2.2 method for determining volatile substance evasion effect of leaf of Oreochromia

Membrane measurement by filter paperAnd (3) the definite leaf vegetable essential oil has repellent activity on the adult German cockroach. Diluting volatile substances of leaf of herba Patriniae with organic solvent acetone to different concentrations, cutting phi 12.5cm filter paper into two halves with a blade, and uniformly dropwise adding 1mL acetone diluent into half filter paper to make the drug loading of filter paper respectively 1000 μ g/cm²And 500. mu.g/cm²The other half of the filter paper was added acetone dropwise as a blank. After drying the filter paper in the air in the shade (about 2 min), the edge is coated with solid glue, and two half pieces of filter paper are symmetrically stuck to the bottom of a culture dish with phi being 12.5cm to prevent the German cockroach from penetrating into the back of the filter paper. The mixture of vaseline and liquid paraffin in equal proportion is coated on the wall of the petri dish to prevent the German cockroach from running out. Introducing 1 adult German cockroach into the center of the filter paper of the culture dish by using a test tube, and waiting for 5min after introduction (the German cockroach just started to be put into the culture dish is usually panic, so waiting for a period of time, and performing the test after the German cockroach subsides). The tube was removed and the residence time of german cockroach on the treated and control filter paper was recorded with 2 stopwatches for 5 min. The time that german cockroach stayed out of the filter paper was not taken into account in the retention time of german cockroach on the treated and control filter paper, but was taken into account in the total time (300 s). The German cockroach and the filter paper are replaced after being used once, and the biological assay is carried out under the conditions that the indoor temperature is 25 ℃ and 1 ℃ and the relative humidity is 75% and 5%. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, 10 adults of german cockroach were used each time. The avoidance rate is calculated as follows.

C, control group residence time

T treatment group residence time

2 results and analysis

2.1 extraction yield of volatile substance from leaf of Patch

Finally, about 150 mu L of golden yellow oily liquid is collected, and the yield is 0.15%.

2.2 determination of the evasion Activity of the volatile substance of leaf of Magnolia on Blattella germanica

The evasion activity of the volatile substances of the leaf of the cattleya hybrida to the Blattella germanica is measured according to the method of 1.2.2, the experimental device is shown as a figure 1, and the measurement results are shown in a table 1:

TABLE 1 determination of the concentration of the volatile substances in the leaves of Orchis on the evasion activity of Blattella germanica

As can be seen from Table 1, the volatile substances in leaf of Ornithoia maculata are 1000. mu.g/cm²The avoidance rate of the Blattella germanica under the concentration of the (D) reaches more than 50 percent, and the highest avoidance rate of the three repeats reaches 57.79 percent; volatile matter of leaf of herba Patriniae at 500 μ g/cm²The avoidance rate of the cockroach is lower under the concentration of (3), and the highest avoidance rate in the three repetitions reaches 19.96 percent. The results show that the volatile substances of the leaf of the kalanchoe have obvious evasion activity on the Blattella germanica.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of the volatile extract of the leaf of the variegated orchid in preparing an insect repellent;

the insects are German cockroaches;

the preparation method of the herba fleckedflesae volatile extract comprises the following steps:

crushing the leaf of the variegated orchid, extracting by steam distillation, and adding n-hexane into distillate to extract to obtain an extract liquid;

the temperature of the steam distillation extraction is 80 ℃, and the time is 8 h;

the volume ratio of the normal hexane to the distillate is 1: 1;

the herba Epilobii is herba Lysimachiae FoenumgraeciPandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.。

2. The use according to claim 1, wherein the extraction solution is obtained by drying and concentrating.

3. The use according to claim 2, wherein the drying agent used is anhydrous sodium sulphate; the concentration is rotary evaporation concentration.

4. The use according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the volatile extract from the leaves of the cymbidium maculatum used is 5000 μ g/cm²~1000µg/cm²。