CN113193670A - Modularized flux reversal motor - Google Patents
Modularized flux reversal motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113193670A CN113193670A CN202110548806.4A CN202110548806A CN113193670A CN 113193670 A CN113193670 A CN 113193670A CN 202110548806 A CN202110548806 A CN 202110548806A CN 113193670 A CN113193670 A CN 113193670A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
- H02K3/52—Fastening salient pole windings or connections thereto
- H02K3/521—Fastening salient pole windings or connections thereto applicable to stators only
- H02K3/522—Fastening salient pole windings or connections thereto applicable to stators only for generally annular cores with salient poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/12—Machines characterised by the modularity of some components
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a modularized flux reversal motor, which comprises a plurality of modularized units distributed along the axial direction; each modular unit comprises a stator core and a rotor module. Through the modular design, the positioning torque waveforms of two adjacent modular units have a 180-degree difference, and no-load positioning torques generated by the two modular units at the same rotor position are mutually offset, so that the peak value of the positioning torque of the motor is reduced, the torque pulsation is inhibited, and the motor is more suitable for high-speed operation. According to the invention, through the modular design, the amplitude of the no-load flux linkage of the motor is increased, and meanwhile, the motor has winding complementarity and even harmonic cancellation, so that the sine of the permanent magnet flux linkage of the motor is optimized, the counter potential harmonic content of the motor is reduced, and the output torque pulsation of the motor is inhibited. The invention has the advantages of high torque density and power density and small torque pulsation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of motor manufacturing, and particularly relates to a modularized flux reversal motor.
Background
The Permanent Magnet of a traditional Flux reversing motor (FRPM) is attached to the surface of a stator tooth, and an armature winding is wound on the stator tooth, so that cooling and heat dissipation are easy. The rotor is only composed of salient pole iron cores, has no winding or permanent magnet, has a simple structure and is suitable for high-speed operation.
The traditional 6-slot/4-pole flux reversal motor can reduce fundamental frequency requirements and high-frequency related losses when running at high speed, but the 6-slot/4-pole topological structure has larger second-order and other even-order harmonics in flux linkage and back electromotive force, so that the torque ripple of the motor is higher, and the vibration noise of the motor is larger in the running process. The principle of the Stator Slot/Rotor Pole Pair combination of the Flux Reversal Permanent Magnet motor is proposed in the literature, namely, the Stator-Slot/Rotor-Pole Pair combination of Flux-Reversal Permanent Magnet motor, the principle simultaneously considers the magnetization mode and the magnetic leakage effect, but the 6-Slot/4-Pole Flux Reversal motor is indicated to have serious asymmetry in back electromotive force waveform and overlarge torque ripple, so that the principle is not recommended to be used.
The chinese patent application No. 201310119939.5 discloses a stator surface-mounted doubly salient permanent magnet motor of a modular rotor, which reduces the amount of permanent magnets, and makes the permanent magnet flux linkage of each coil of an armature winding still change in a bipolar manner, and improves the reliability of the motor, but the motor has a large torque pulsation, and the odd-pole rotor has a single-side magnetic pull force, which affects the high-speed operation of the motor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a modular flux reversal motor.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is to provide a modularized flux reversal motor which is characterized by comprising a plurality of modularized units distributed along the axial direction; each modular unit comprises a stator core and a rotor module;
the stator core is provided with a plurality of stator teeth which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the stator core; all the stator cores are arranged along the axial direction and completely overlapped; all stator teeth at the same position of the stator iron core are provided with an armature winding wound along the axial direction;
two permanent magnets are attached to the surface of one side of each stator tooth along the circumferential direction of the stator core, and the magnetizing directions of the two permanent magnets are opposite; in one stator core, the mounting modes of the permanent magnets on all the stator teeth are the same; the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets at the same positions on the stator teeth at the same positions of the two adjacent stator cores are opposite;
a magnetism isolating ring is arranged between the stator cores; a magnetism isolating ring is arranged between the permanent magnets on different modular units;
the axes of all the rotor modules are collinear; each rotor module consists of a plurality of mutually independent rotor teeth, the rotor teeth are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and a gap is formed between every two adjacent rotor teeth; the positioning moment waveforms of two adjacent modular units are 180 degrees different; the phase difference of the permanent magnet flux linkages in the armature windings at the same position on two adjacent modular units is 180 degrees; an air gap is formed between the permanent magnets and the rotor module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) according to the invention, through the modular design, the no-load positioning torque waveforms of two adjacent modular units are different by 180 degrees, and the no-load positioning torques generated by the two modular units are opposite and offset when the same rotor is positioned, so that the peak value of the motor positioning torque is reduced through the cooperation between the modular units, thereby inhibiting the output torque pulsation of the motor, generating smaller vibration and noise when the motor runs, and being more suitable for high-speed running.
2) According to the invention, through the modular design, the amplitude of the no-load flux linkage of the motor is increased, and meanwhile, the motor has winding complementarity, so that even harmonic components in the permanent magnet flux linkage of a single coil and an induced potential are greatly reduced or offset, the even harmonic is offset, the sine of the permanent magnet flux linkage of the motor is optimized, the counter potential harmonic content of the motor is reduced, and the output torque pulsation of the motor is inhibited.
3) The rotor of the invention also adopts a modular design, uses less materials and has less iron consumption.
4) The armature windings are in a centralized annular topology and are separated from the permanent magnets, one armature winding is shared by a plurality of modular units and is only wound on one stator tooth along the axial direction, the length of the end winding is reduced, copper consumption is reduced, and the operation efficiency of the motor is improved.
5) The permanent magnet is not provided with the armature winding, so that the influence of the temperature rise of the winding on the permanent magnet in the traditional flux reversal motor is reduced, and the high-temperature demagnetization of the permanent magnet caused by the heating of the winding is avoided. In addition, the permanent magnet and the armature winding are arranged on the side of the stator, so that cooling and heat dissipation are facilitated. In the high-speed operation process, the iron loss and the eddy current loss of the permanent magnet are effectively reduced.
6) The motor can be operated electrically or by power generation.
7) The motor belongs to a stator permanent magnet type motor and has the advantages of high torque density and high efficiency.
8) The rotor has no permanent magnet or armature winding, is only made of magnetic materials, has simple structure and high mechanical strength, and is suitable for high-speed operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a motor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a modular unit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of another modular unit adjacent to the modular unit of fig. 2 according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of the positioning torque when each modular unit and the whole motor of the embodiment 1 of the invention are unloaded.
In the figure: 1. modular unit, 2, stator core, 3, magnetic isolation ring, 4, permanent magnet, 5, armature winding, 6, rotor module, 7, stator tooth, 8, rotor tooth.
511. An A-phase positive armature winding; 512. a phase A negative armature winding; 521. a B-phase positive armature winding; 522. a phase B negative armature winding; 531. a C-phase positive armature winding; 532. and C phase negative armature winding.
Detailed Description
Specific examples of the present invention are given below. The specific examples are only intended to illustrate the invention in further detail and do not limit the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.
The invention provides a modularized flux reversal motor (short for motor), which is characterized by comprising a plurality of modularized units 1 distributed along the axial direction; each modular unit 1 comprises a stator core 2 and a rotor module 6;
the stator core 2 is provided with a plurality of stator teeth 7, and the stator teeth 7 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the stator core 2; all the stator cores 2 are arranged along the axial direction and completely overlapped; the stator teeth 7 at the same position of all the stator cores 2 are provided with an armature winding 5 wound along the axial direction;
one side surface of each stator tooth 7 is attached with two permanent magnets 4 along the circumferential direction of the stator core 2, and the magnetizing directions of the two permanent magnets 4 are opposite (one is outward along the radial direction of the stator tooth 7, and the other is inward along the radial direction of the stator tooth 7); in one stator core 2, the permanent magnets 4 on all the stator teeth 7 are attached in the same manner (i.e. the magnetizing directions of the adjacent permanent magnets 4 on the adjacent stator teeth 7 are opposite); the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets 4 at the same positions on the stator teeth 7 at the same positions of two adjacent stator cores 2 are opposite;
the magnetic isolation rings 3 are arranged between the stator cores 2, and the stator cores 2 are isolated through the magnetic isolation rings 3; a magnetism isolating ring 3 is arranged between the permanent magnets 4 on different modular units 1;
the axes of all the rotor modules 6 are collinear; each rotor module 6 is composed of a plurality of mutually independent rotor teeth 8, the rotor teeth 8 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and gaps with the same size are formed between two adjacent rotor teeth 8; the no-load positioning moment waveforms of two adjacent modular units 1 have a 180-degree difference; the phase difference of the permanent magnet flux linkages in the armature windings 5 at the same position on two adjacent modular units 1 is 180 degrees; an air gap is formed between the permanent magnets 4 and the rotor module 6.
Preferably, each armature winding 5 and the armature winding 5 diametrically opposed thereto constitute one-phase armature windings.
Preferably, the stator core 2 is a salient pole structure.
Preferably, the rotor module 6 is arranged inside the stator core 2 to form an inner rotor structure, or is arranged outside the stator core 2 to form an outer rotor structure; when an inner rotor structure is formed, the inner side surfaces of the stator teeth 7 are pasted with the two permanent magnets 4 along the circumferential direction of the stator core 2, and the magnetizing directions of the two permanent magnets 4 are opposite; when an outer rotor structure is formed, the outer side surfaces of the stator teeth 7 are pasted with the two permanent magnets 4 along the circumferential direction of the stator core 2, and the magnetizing directions of the two permanent magnets 4 are opposite.
Preferably, the rotor module 6 is of a straight slot structure or a skewed slot structure.
Preferably, the stator core 2 and the rotor module 6 are made of a magnetic conductive material such as a silicon steel sheet.
Preferably, the permanent magnet 4 is a neodymium iron boron, samarium cobalt or ferrite permanent magnet material.
Preferably, the armature winding 5 is a concentrated armature winding.
Preferably, the mounting is performed by using a yoke made of non-magnetic material to wrap the rotor teeth 8 around the rotor shaft.
Example 1
In the embodiment, a 6-slot/4-pole magnetic flux reversal motor with an inner rotor structure is adopted, two modularized units 1 are adopted, and as shown in fig. 1, the effective length of the whole motor is 75 mm.
In each modular unit 1, the number of the stator teeth 7 is 6, the stator teeth adopt a salient pole structure and are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the stator core 2, the stator pole arc is 40.5 degrees, the inner diameter of the stator core 2 is 70.4mm, and the outer diameter of the stator core 2 is 128 mm. The thickness of the permanent magnet in the magnetizing direction is 1.6mm, and the pole arc of the permanent magnet is 18 deg.
In each modular unit 1, the armature winding 5 has 6 centralized ring windings, namely an A-phase positive armature winding 511, an A-phase negative armature winding 512, a B-phase positive armature winding 521, a B-phase negative armature winding 522, a C-phase positive armature winding 531 and a C-phase negative armature winding 532; the permanent magnet flux linkages in all the armature windings 5 are in bipolar change;
according to the slot conductor star vector diagram, compared with other situations, when the A-phase positive armature winding 511 and the A-phase negative armature winding 512 are connected in series to form an A-phase coil group, the flux linkage amplitude is the largest, at the moment, the A-phase positive armature winding 511 and the A-phase negative armature winding 512 are opposite in the radial direction (namely, the difference of the spatial position central angles is 180 degrees), and the permanent magnet flux linkages of the inner coil linkages of the armature windings are the same in phase and amplitude. Similarly, the B-phase positive armature winding 521 and the B-phase negative armature winding 522 are connected in series to form a B-phase coil set, and the C-phase positive armature winding 531 and the C-phase negative armature winding 532 are connected to form a C-phase coil set.
In each modular unit 1, the rotor module 6 is formed by uniformly distributing four fan-shaped rotor teeth 8 along the circumferential direction, the inner diameter of each rotor tooth 8 is 44.5mm, the outer diameter of each rotor tooth 8 is 66.5mm, and the rotor pole arc is 55 degrees; the gap angle between two adjacent rotor teeth 8 is 35 °. The rotor teeth 8 on two adjacent rotor modules 6 are different by 45 ° (i.e. after two adjacent rotor modules 6 are completely overlapped, one rotor rotates clockwise or counterclockwise by 45 ° relative to the other rotor, and the rotation directions of all rotor modules 6 are the same).
During measurement, the waveforms of the positioning torque output by the two modular units and the whole motor in no-load state are measured respectively, as shown in fig. 4. As can be seen from fig. 4, the peak-to-peak value of the cogging torque is reduced from 2.1Nm to 0.9Nm through the cooperation between the modular units, and the torque ripple of the motor of the present invention is significantly reduced because the torque ripple of the flux reversal motor is mainly caused by the cogging torque.
The rotor teeth 8 on two adjacent rotor modules 6 are different by 45 degrees, so that the permanent magnet flux linkage phases in the armature windings 5 at the same positions on two adjacent modular units 1 are different by 180 degrees; the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets 4 at the same positions on the stator teeth 7 at the same positions of two adjacent modular units 1 are opposite, so that the flux linkage amplitudes in the armature coils 5 at the same positions on two adjacent modular units 1 are opposite; the flux linkage phase difference is 180 degrees, and the flux linkage amplitude is opposite, so the no-load flux linkage amplitude of the motor is increased, and meanwhile, the flux linkage changes of two adjacent modular units 1 have complementarity, even harmonic waves are offset, the sine of the permanent magnet flux linkage of the motor is optimized, the counter potential harmonic content of the motor is reduced, and the output torque pulsation of the motor is inhibited.
The motor of the invention has the following characteristics during operation:
the motor only uses the permanent magnet 4 to generate an excitation magnetic field, and the output torque, the power density and the speed regulation performance of the motor are regulated by controlling the armature current. In the high-speed operation process, the iron loss and the eddy current loss of the permanent magnet are effectively reduced.
Nothing in this specification is said to apply to the prior art.
Claims (8)
1. A modular flux reversing electric machine comprising a plurality of axially distributed modular units; each modular unit comprises a stator core and a rotor module;
the stator core is provided with a plurality of stator teeth which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the stator core; all the stator cores are arranged along the axial direction and completely overlapped; all stator teeth at the same position of the stator iron core are provided with an armature winding wound along the axial direction;
two permanent magnets are attached to the surface of one side of each stator tooth along the circumferential direction of the stator core, and the magnetizing directions of the two permanent magnets are opposite; in one stator core, the mounting modes of the permanent magnets on all the stator teeth are the same; the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets at the same positions on the stator teeth at the same positions of the two adjacent stator cores are opposite;
a magnetism isolating ring is arranged between the stator cores; a magnetism isolating ring is arranged between the permanent magnets on different modular units;
the axes of all the rotor modules are collinear; each rotor module consists of a plurality of mutually independent rotor teeth, the rotor teeth are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and a gap is formed between every two adjacent rotor teeth; the positioning moment waveforms of two adjacent modular units are 180 degrees different; the phase difference of the permanent magnet flux linkages in the armature windings at the same position on two adjacent modular units is 180 degrees; an air gap is formed between the permanent magnets and the rotor module.
2. The modular flux reversing electric machine of claim 1, wherein the stator core is a salient pole construction.
3. The modular flux reversing motor of claim 1, wherein the rotor modules are disposed inside the stator core to form an inner rotor structure or disposed outside the stator core to form an outer rotor structure; when an inner rotor structure is formed, the inner side surface of the stator tooth is pasted with two permanent magnets along the circumferential direction of the stator core, and the magnetizing directions of the two permanent magnets are opposite; when an outer rotor structure is formed, the outer side surface of the stator tooth is pasted with two permanent magnets along the circumferential direction of the stator core, and the magnetizing directions of the two permanent magnets are opposite.
4. The modular flux reversing motor of claim 1, wherein the rotor modules are of a straight slot configuration or a skewed slot configuration.
5. The modular flux reversing electric machine of claim 1, wherein the stator core and rotor modules are both magnetically permeable materials.
6. The modular flux reversing motor of claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet is a neodymium-iron-boron, samarium-cobalt, or ferrite permanent magnet material.
7. The modular flux reversing electric machine of claim 1, wherein the armature winding is a concentrated armature winding.
8. The modular flux reversing motor of claim 1, wherein the rotor teeth are sector-ring shaped.
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| CN202110548806.4A CN113193670B (en) | 2021-05-20 | 2021-05-20 | Modularized magnetic flux reversing motor |
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| CN202110548806.4A CN113193670B (en) | 2021-05-20 | 2021-05-20 | Modularized magnetic flux reversing motor |
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| CN113193670A true CN113193670A (en) | 2021-07-30 |
| CN113193670B CN113193670B (en) | 2023-06-16 |
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