CN113188493B - Method for determining measurement track of online measurement point location - Google Patents
Method for determining measurement track of online measurement point location Download PDFInfo
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- CN113188493B CN113188493B CN202110344780.1A CN202110344780A CN113188493B CN 113188493 B CN113188493 B CN 113188493B CN 202110344780 A CN202110344780 A CN 202110344780A CN 113188493 B CN113188493 B CN 113188493B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/20—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring workpiece characteristics, e.g. contour, dimension, hardness
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- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a method for determining a measuring track of an online measuring point position, which comprises the steps of reading a coordinate and a normal vector corresponding to each measuring point, determining a corresponding swing angle when each measuring point is measured by the normal vector, and classifying all measuring points according to the swing angles; three distances are divided to approach the measuring point positions at different feeding speeds, and the three distances correspond to three position points, namely a safety position, a pre-contact position and a search position; according to the parameters of the measuring points, coordinates corresponding to the safety position, the pre-contact position and the search position are obtained; and generating a measuring track corresponding to the measuring point position according to the classification result of the measuring point. By the method, the coordinates of the measurement point positions on the part are measured under the condition that the part is not detached, and the over-tolerance point is given according to the theoretical value and the error.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a method for determining a measuring track of an online measuring point position.
Background
Along with the rapid development of the aviation industry, complicated large-scale parts are more and more, the precision requirement on the parts is also more and more high, the error detection after the parts are machined is particularly important, the traditional offline measurement mode is that the parts are carried to a specified place after the parts are machined and are measured through fixed measurement equipment, the secondary clamping problem is involved, the parts are deformed and the like after being placed, the consistency of the parts machining result and the measurement result is poor, the disassembly and the carrying of the parts lead to long production period, the production efficiency is low, and the improvement of the overall efficiency of digital manufacturing is seriously hindered.
The on-line measurement technology is a technology for directly measuring a measurement point on a part without dismounting the part after the part is machined and keeping the machining position unchanged. Because processing and measurement are synchronous, have reduced the time of dismantling and carrying, have promoted work efficiency greatly to can measure the part that the processing state is unstable. The on-line measurement technology needs to determine a proper measurement track and a proper swing angle of a probe in advance according to a given measurement point, and the measurement track is given under the condition of ensuring the accurate measurement of the measurement point, which is one of the problems to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for determining a measurement track of an online measurement point location, which is used for measuring coordinates of the measurement point location on a part under the condition that the part is not detached and giving an over-tolerance point according to a theoretical value and an error.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for determining a measurement track of an online measurement point location is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a. obtaining coordinates and normal vectors corresponding to each measuring point, solving the swing angle of the probe when the measuring point measures according to the normal vectors, and classifying each measuring point according to the swing angle;
b. three distances are divided to approach the measuring point positions at different feeding speeds, and the three distances correspond to three position points, namely a safety position, a pre-contact position and a search position; according to the parameters of the measuring points, coordinates corresponding to the safety position, the pre-contact position and the search position are obtained;
c. and generating a measuring track corresponding to the measuring point position according to the classification result of the measuring point.
The step a specifically comprises the following steps:
a1extracting the coordinates P of the measuring pointa(xa, ya, za, ia, ja, ka) Wherein (x)a, ya, za) (ii) spatial coordinates representing the measurement point, (i)a, ja, ka) Representing a normal vector when the measuring point is measured;
a2and calculating the swing angle of the probe when the measuring point is used for measuring according to the normal vector, classifying the measuring points measured by the same swing angle into one class according to the range of the swing angle measurement, and enabling each measuring point to belong to only one class.
Said step a2The method specifically comprises the following steps: the swing angle of the probe when the measuring point is measured is obtained according to the normal vector, and the coordinate point P is usedaAnd a swing angle deltaaInformation is stored as { Pa，δaIn the form of, the information is used as a measurement pivot angle index, and the pole difference R = δ of the offset angle is obtainedmax-δminAccording to the swing angle measuring range delta, namely the swing angle range which can be measured by the same swing angle, R is divided into [ R/delta ] classes according to an equal division mode, and the [ R/delta ] intervals are totally divided, namely { (delta)min，δmin+δ）、（δmin+δ，δmin+ 2*δ）、…、（δmin+(【R/δ】-1)*δ，δmin+ [ R/δ) ] δ); and classifying all the measurement points according to the range of the interval, wherein each measurement point can only be in one interval, and the measurement points belonging to the same class are measured by using the swing angle of the minimum value of the interval.
The step b specifically comprises the following steps:
b1the probe moves to a safety position, then moves to a pre-contact position at a fast feeding speed, then moves to a search position, then carries out search measurement at a slow feeding speed, touches a part and gives a coordinate of a measurement point; if the part can not be touched, directly returning to the pre-contact position, re-determining the search position until the part is touched, and giving a measurementCoordinates of the points;
b2according to the coordinates P of the measurement points obtained in step a0(x0, y0, z0, i0, j0, k0) Finding out the cutting direction and the radius of the tool machined in the corresponding position from the NC program of numerical control machining according to the coordinates of the measurement point, and determining the direction of the main shaft (i)Main shaft, jMain shaft, kMain shaft) Search distance L1Pre-contact distance L2And a safety distance L3；
The coordinates of the safe position are then:
X3= x0 + i0 *(L1+ L2) +（L3* imain shaft）
Y3= y0 + j0* (L1+ L2) +（L3* jMain shaft）
Z3= z0 + k0* (L1+ L2) +（L3*kMain shaft）
The coordinates of the pre-contact location are:
X2= x0 + i0* (L1+ L2)
Y2= y0 + j0*(L1+ L2)
Z2= z0 + k0* (L1+ L2)
the coordinates of the search location are:
X1= x0 + i0 *L1
Y1= y0 + j0 *L1
Z1= z0 + k0 *L1。
said step b1When the safety distance and the normal vector backspacing distance are reached, the touch switch of the probe is closed, the probe reaches the searching position at the speed of rapid feeding, if the part can not be touched all the time, the probe directly backs to the pre-contact position, and the searching position is determined againAnd (4) placing until the part is touched, and giving the coordinates of the measuring point.
The step c specifically comprises the following steps: and sequencing the swing angles of the classified measuring points, measuring the measuring points from small to large, measuring the measuring points of the same type after all the measuring points belonging to the same type are measured, and measuring the measuring points of the next type until all the measuring points are measured to generate measuring tracks of the measuring point positions.
Said step a1The coordinates of the measurement points extracted from the image are specifically as follows: extracted by reading a process measurement file.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method can accurately generate the measurement tracks of all the measurement point positions, realize the measurement of the coordinates of the measurement point positions on the part under the state that the part is not disassembled, and give out the over-tolerance point according to the theoretical value and the error.
2. In order to improve the measuring speed, when the safe distance and the normal vector backspacing distance are used, the touch switch of the probe is closed to prevent the false triggering of the measurement due to the fact that the probe can not touch the measuring point of the part.
Drawings
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and detailed description, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the key positions of the probe movement of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As a basic embodiment of the present invention, the present invention includes a method for determining a measurement trajectory of an online measurement site, comprising the steps of:
a. and obtaining coordinates and normal vectors corresponding to each measuring point, solving the swing angle of the probe when the measuring point measures according to the normal vectors, and classifying each measuring point according to the swing angle.
b. Three distances are divided to approach the measuring point positions at different feeding speeds, and the three distances correspond to three position points, namely a safety position, a pre-contact position and a search position; and according to the parameters of the measuring points, calculating the coordinates corresponding to the safety position, the pre-contact position and the search position.
c. And generating a measuring track corresponding to the measuring point position according to the classification result of the measuring point.
Example 2
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention includes a method for determining a measurement trajectory of an online measurement point location, comprising the steps of:
a. and (3) obtaining coordinates and normal vectors corresponding to each measuring point by reading the process measurement file, solving the swing angle of the probe when the measuring point measures according to the normal vectors, and classifying each measuring point according to the swing angle.
b. When each measuring point is measured, the measuring point position is approached by three distances at different feeding speeds, and the three distances correspond to three position points, namely a safety position, a pre-contact position and a search position. According to the coordinates of the measuring point positions, the cutting direction and the cutter radius of the machining in the corresponding position are found from the NC program of the numerical control machining, so that the search distance L can be determined1Normal vector backspacing distance L2And a safety distance L, and sequentially calculating coordinates of the corresponding safety position, the pre-contact position and the search position;
c. according to the classification result of the measuring points, the measuring points belonging to the same class are measured by the same swing angle, the measuring points are sorted from small to large according to the measuring swing angle, and measuring tracks can be generated by finishing measurement on all the measuring points, so that the online measurement of parts is realized.
Example 3
As a best mode for implementing the invention, the invention comprises a method for determining a measuring track of an online measuring point, which is shown in the attached figure 1 of the specification, and comprises the following steps:
a. and obtaining coordinates and normal vectors corresponding to each measuring point, solving the swing angle of the probe when the measuring point measures according to the normal vectors, and classifying each measuring point according to the swing angle. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
a1extracting the coordinate P of the measuring point by reading the process measurement filea(xa, ya, za, ia, ja, ka) Wherein (x)a, ya, za) (ii) spatial coordinates representing the measurement point, (i)a, ja, ka) Representing a normal vector when the measuring point is measured;
a2determining the swing angle of the probe when the measuring point is measured according to the normal vector, and setting the coordinate point PaAnd a swing angle deltaaInformation is stored as { Pa，δaIn the form of, the information is used as a measurement pivot angle index, and the pole difference R = δ of the offset angle is obtainedmax-δminAccording to the swing angle measuring range delta, namely the swing angle range which can be measured by the same swing angle, R is divided into [ R/delta ] classes according to an equal division mode, and the [ R/delta ] intervals are totally divided, namely { (delta)min，δmin+δ）、（δmin+δ，δmin+ 2*δ）、…、（δmin+(【R/δ】-1)*δ，δmin+ [ R/δ) ] δ); and classifying all the measurement points according to the range of the interval, wherein each measurement point can only be in one interval, and the measurement points belonging to the same class are measured by using the swing angle of the minimum value of the interval.
b. Referring to the attached figure 2 of the specification, when each measuring point is measured, the measuring point position is approached by three distances at different feeding speeds, and the three distances correspond to three position points, namely a safety position, a pre-contact position and a search position. And according to the parameters of the measuring points, calculating the coordinates corresponding to the safety position, the pre-contact position and the search position. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
b1the probe moves to a safety position, then moves to a pre-contact position at a fast feeding speed, then moves to a search position, then carries out search measurement at a slow feeding speed, touches a part and gives a coordinate of a measurement point; if the part cannot be touched, directly returning to the pre-contact position, re-determining the search position until the part is touched, and giving the coordinate of the measurement point;
b2according to the coordinates P of the measurement points obtained in step a0(x0, y0, z0, i0, j0, k0) Wherein (x)0, y0, z0) As the coordinates at the measuring point, (i)0, j0, k0) Finding out the cutting direction and the radius of a cutter processed in a corresponding position from an NC program of numerical control processing according to the coordinates of the measurement point position for the normal vector at the point, determining the approaching direction of the probe according to the cutting direction and the normal vector, and determining the backset distance L of the normal vector according to the radius of the cutter2And a search distance L1A safety distance L3Can be determined by the origin of coordinates and the height of the part, i.e. determining the direction of the principal axis (i)Main shaft, jMain shaft, kMain shaft) Search distance L1Pre-contact distance L2And a safety distance L3；
The coordinates of the safe position are then:
X3= x0 + i0 *(L1+ L2) +（L3* imain shaft）
Y3= y0 + j0* (L1+ L2) +（L3* jMain shaft）
Z3= z0 + k0* (L1+ L2) +（L3*kMain shaft）
The coordinates of the pre-contact location are:
X2= x0 + i0* (L1+ L2)
Y2= y0 + j0*(L1+ L2)
Z2= z0 + k0* (L1+ L2)
the coordinates of the search location are:
X1= x0 + i0 *L1
Y1= y0 + j0 *L1
Z1= z0 + k0 *L1。
in order to improve the measuring speed, when the safe distance and the normal vector backspace distance, the probe can be ensured not to touch the measuring point of the part, the touch switch of the probe is closed, the false triggering measurement is prevented, the part can be reached to the searching position at the fast feeding speed, if the part can not be touched all the time, the part is directly returned to the pre-contact position, the searching position is determined again until the part is touched, and the coordinate of the measuring point is given.
c. And generating a measuring track corresponding to the measuring point position according to the classification result of the measuring point. Namely: according to the classification of the measuring points, the measuring points belonging to the same class are measured by the same swing angle, the swing angles of the classified measuring points are sequenced, the swing angles are measured from small to large, a measured array A is set, the measuring points in the same class are preferentially measured, the array A is added after the measurement is finished, and the measurement is finished until all the measuring points are measured, namely, the array A contains all the measuring point positions, so that the measuring track can be generated, and the online measurement of the parts is realized.
In summary, after reading the present disclosure, those skilled in the art should make various other modifications without creative efforts according to the technical solutions and concepts of the present disclosure, which are within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (5)
1. A method for determining a measurement track of an online measurement point location is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a. obtaining coordinates and normal vectors corresponding to each measuring point, solving the swing angle of the probe when the measuring point measures according to the normal vectors, and classifying each measuring point according to the swing angle;
b. three distances are divided to approach the measuring point positions at different feeding speeds, and the three distances correspond to three position points, namely a safety position, a pre-contact position and a search position; according to the parameters of the measuring points, coordinates corresponding to the safety position, the pre-contact position and the search position are obtained;
c. generating a measuring track corresponding to the measuring point position according to the classification result of the measuring point;
the step a specifically comprises the following steps:
a1extracting the coordinates P of the measuring pointa(xa, ya, za, ia, ja, ka) Wherein (x)a, ya, za) (ii) spatial coordinates representing the measurement point, (i)a, ja, ka) Representing a normal vector when the measuring point is measured;
a2calculating the swing angle of the probe when the measuring point is used for measuring according to the normal vector, classifying the measuring points measured by the same swing angle into one class according to the range of the swing angle measurement, and enabling each measuring point to belong to only one class;
said step a2The method specifically comprises the following steps: the swing angle of the probe when the measuring point is measured is obtained according to the normal vector, and the coordinate point P is usedaAnd a swing angle deltaaInformation is stored as { Pa，δaIn the form of, the information is used as a measurement pivot angle index, and the pole difference R = δ of the offset angle is obtainedmax-δminAccording to the swing angle measuring range delta, namely the swing angle range which can be measured by the same swing angle, R is divided into [ R/delta ] classes according to an equal division mode, and the [ R/delta ] intervals are totally divided, namely { (delta)min，δmin+δ）、（δmin+δ，δmin+ 2*δ）、…、（δmin+(【R/δ】-1)*δ，δmin+ [ R/δ) ] δ); and classifying all the measurement points according to the range of the interval, wherein each measurement point can only be in one interval, and the measurement points belonging to the same class are measured by using the swing angle of the minimum value of the interval.
2. The method for determining the measurement trajectory of the on-line measurement point location according to claim 1, wherein: the step b specifically comprises the following steps:
b1the probe moves to a safety position, then moves to a pre-contact position at a fast feeding speed, then moves to a search position, then carries out search measurement at a slow feeding speed, touches a part and gives a coordinate of a measurement point; if the part cannot be touched, directly returning to the pre-contact position, re-determining the search position until the part is touched, and giving the coordinate of the measurement point;
b2according to the measurement obtained in step aCoordinates P of points0(x0, y0, z0, i0, j0, k0) Finding out the cutting direction and the radius of the tool machined in the corresponding position from the NC program of numerical control machining according to the coordinates of the measurement point, and determining the direction of the main shaft (i)Main shaft, jMain shaft, kMain shaft) Search distance L1Pre-contact distance L2And a safety distance L3；
The coordinates of the safe position are then:
X3= x0 + i0 *(L1+ L2) +（L3* imain shaft）
Y3= y0 + j0* (L1+ L2) +（L3* jMain shaft）
Z3= z0 + k0* (L1+ L2) +（L3*kMain shaft）
The coordinates of the pre-contact location are:
X2= x0 + i0* (L1+ L2)
Y2= y0 + j0*(L1+ L2)
Z2= z0 + k0* (L1+ L2)
the coordinates of the search location are:
X1= x0 + i0 *L1
Y1= y0 + j0 *L1
Z1= z0 + k0 *L1。
3. the method for determining the measurement trajectory of the on-line measurement point location according to claim 2, wherein: said step b1When the safety distance and the normal vector backspacing distance are reached, the touch switch of the probe is closed, the probe reaches the searching position at the speed of rapid feeding, and if the part is not touched all the time, the probe is directly returned to the pre-connection stateAnd (4) touching the position, re-determining the search position until the part is touched, and giving the coordinates of the measurement point.
4. A method for determining a measurement trajectory of an online measurement site according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the step c specifically comprises the following steps: and sequencing the swing angles of the classified measuring points, measuring the measuring points from small to large, measuring the measuring points of the same type after all the measuring points belonging to the same type are measured, and measuring the measuring points of the next type until all the measuring points are measured to generate measuring tracks of the measuring point positions.
5. The method for determining the measurement trajectory of the on-line measurement point location according to claim 1, wherein: said step a1The coordinates of the measurement points extracted from the image are specifically as follows: extracted by reading a process measurement file.
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