CN113187820A - Novel high-performance adhesive composite self-lubricating composite material and composite bearing - Google Patents
Novel high-performance adhesive composite self-lubricating composite material and composite bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN113187820A CN113187820A CN202110424702.2A CN202110424702A CN113187820A CN 113187820 A CN113187820 A CN 113187820A CN 202110424702 A CN202110424702 A CN 202110424702A CN 113187820 A CN113187820 A CN 113187820A
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Images
Classifications
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- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
- F16C33/208—Methods of manufacture, e.g. shaping, applying coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/302—Conductive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel high-performance adhesive composite self-lubricating composite material and a composite bearing in the technical field of bearings, which comprise a metal support body, an adhesive layer and a composite sliding layer, wherein the metal support body and the composite sliding layer are adhered through the adhesive layer, the outer surface of the metal support body is coated with a coating, the novel high-performance adhesive composite self-lubricating composite material and the composite bearing have reasonable structural design, the metal support body is combined by adopting one or more alloy materials, the surface of the metal support body is coated with the coating, the heat conduction and the wear resistance of the composite sliding layer are improved through a filler, the surface of the composite sliding layer is treated by adopting a corona plasma method, the strength is high, the service life is long, the composite bearing is not easy to peel off, no pollution is generated, the metal support body and the composite sliding layer are adhered through the adhesive, the adhesive strength is high, and the load capacity and the service life of the composite bearing are improved, the wear-resistant material has strong fastening property, is not easy to crack and has low requirement on the transfer environment in the use process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bearings, in particular to a novel high-performance adhesive composite self-lubricating composite material and a composite bearing.
Background
The traditional self-lubricating bearing is made of laminated sintered composite plates, such as composite plates of steel-copper powder or woven copper mesh-nonmetal materials, and the general manufacturing process of the composite plates is as follows: cutting a steel plate, spreading copper powder on the surface of the steel plate, sintering, leveling, spreading non-metal antifriction material on the surface, sintering, rolling and leveling by a roller to a plate with a specified thickness to prepare a blank for a sliding bearing, and forming a part according to requirements, wherein the part is easy to wrinkle or separate from material joint surfaces when working at high temperature due to inconsistency of physical properties of steel and non-metal materials, such as different thermal expansion coefficients; during the bending process of the flat plate material, the separation between the joint surfaces of the material can be caused due to the different curvatures of the inner layer and the outer layer of the material. Therefore, in the production process, spherical copper powder is generally paved on the surface of the steel material base and sintered to increase the roughness of the surface of the steel material base and form gaps, so that the adhesion between the non-metal antifriction material and the surface of the steel material base is improved, and the non-metal antifriction material and the steel material base are not easy to separate. The copper powder sintering process is complex, the quality is difficult to control, a large amount of energy is consumed, and certain ecological environment influence exists; in addition, in the traditional manufacturing process, the wear-resistant material is in a powder structure and is formed by rolling, the process causes the bearing composite layer to be thin, the load capacity is low, the service life is short, the wear-resistant material can be peeled off and separated from metal or cracked along a flange in the using process, and the high requirement is provided for the assembly environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel high-performance adhesive composite self-lubricating composite material and a composite bearing, and aims to solve the problems that a bearing composite layer is thin, low in load capacity and short in service life, a wear-resistant material is likely to peel off from metal or crack along a flange in the using process, and the assembly environment is high in requirement in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: novel high performance bonding composite self-lubricating composite material, including metal support body, adhesive layer, compound sliding layer, the metal support body with compound sliding layer passes through the adhesive layer bonds, the surface coating of metal support body has the coating.
Preferably, the metal support is made of any combination of steel, aluminum, stainless steel, copper, tin, zinc, titanium, scandium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, cobalt and nickel alloy materials.
Preferably, the thickness of the metal support is 0.1mm to 100 mm.
Preferably, the coating may be applied to the metal support (100) by spraying, metal spraying, mechanical coating, electroplating, hot dipping, or any combination thereof.
Preferably, the coating may be an alloy layer made of one or more metal combinations of chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, mercury, aluminum, gallium, indium, thallium, silicon, germanium, tin, lead, antimony, and bismuth.
Preferably, the alloy layer made of the coating is mixed with a ball-milled solid lubricant, and the solid lubricant is one or more of molybdenum disulfide, graphite, boron nitride and niobium diselenide.
Preferably, the thickness of the adhesive layer is 0.02mm to 0.05 mm.
Preferably, the composite sliding layer is surface-treated by a corona plasma method.
Preferably, the composite sliding layer comprises at least one fluorinated thermoplastic selected from Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), modified polytetrafluoroethylene (TFM), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene (FEP), Perfluoroalkoxyethylene (PFA), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro (methyl vinyl ether) (MFA), ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer (ECTFE), Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), or any combination thereof, at least one of which is tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
The invention also provides a novel high-performance adhesive composite self-lubricating composite bearing which is prepared by shearing, rolling and machining the composite material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: this novel compound self-lubricating composite material of high performance bonding and composite bearing, through adopting one or more alloy material to make up the metal support body, and carry out the coating to its surface, compound sliding layer increases its heat-conduction and wearability and adopts the corona plasma method to carry out surface treatment through packing, intensity is high, longe-lived and difficult peeling off, pollution-free and through bonding between adhesive with metal support body and compound sliding layer, adhesive strength is high, composite bearing's bearing capacity and life-span have been improved, wear-resisting material fastening nature is strong in the use, difficult fracture, it requires lowly to transfer to join in marriage the environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the high-performance bonded self-lubricating composite material of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the high-performance bonded composite self-lubricating composite bearing of the present invention.
In the figure: 100. a metal support; 110. coating; 200. an adhesive layer; 300. and (4) compounding the sliding layer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention provides a novel high-performance bonded composite self-lubricating composite material and a composite bearing, which have high strength, long service life and are not easy to peel off, and refer to fig. 1-2, comprising a metal support 100, a coating 110, an adhesive layer 200 and a composite sliding layer 300;
in the present invention, the material of the metal support 100 is not particularly limited, and may be selected from any combination of steel, aluminum, stainless steel, copper, tin, zinc, titanium, scandium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, cobalt and nickel alloy according to the actual use requirement, and the preferred thickness of the metal support 100 in the present invention is 0.1mm-100 mm.
Referring again to fig. 1, in the present invention, the outer surface of the metal support 100 is coated with the coating layer 110, and the coating process of the coating layer 110 is not particularly limited and may be performed by spraying, metal spraying, mechanical coating, electroplating, hot dipping, or any combination thereof; the material of the coating layer 110 in the present invention is not limited, and an alloy layer made of one or more metals selected from chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, mercury, aluminum, gallium, indium, thallium, silicon, germanium, tin, lead, antimony, and bismuth may be used.
Referring again to fig. 1, in the present invention, there are four adhesive formulations for the adhesive layer 200, the first being a fluorinated thermoplastic polymer: perfluoroalkoxyethylene, ethylene, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene, tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro, and ethylene, chlorofluoroethylene, or combinations thereof; the second is a modified fluorinated thermoplastic polymer comprising modified PFA, modified ETFF, modified MFA, or a combination thereof. The modifier is maleic acid and its derivatives, in particular their anhydrides, itaconic acid and its derivatives, in particular their anhydrides, and/or citraconic acid and its derivatives, in a modification ratio of: 0.1% to 15%, a third polyethylene, a fourth filler for reinforcing and improving the wear resistance and heat conduction properties, which may be fibers, inorganic materials, thermoplastic materials, mineral materials, or mixtures thereof, which may be glass fibers, carbon fibers, polyarylate fibers, PTFE and PPS fibers, ceramic materials, carbon, glass, graphite, graphene, alumina, molybdenum sulfide, bronze, silicon carbide, Polyimide (PI), PTFE, Polyamideimide (PAI), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyphenylenesulfone (PPSO2), Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP), Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), aromatic polyester (Ekonol), wollastonite, and barium sulfate. These fillers may be in the form of a fabric, powder, spheres, beads, mesh, fleece, or fibrous structure, in a first range of proportions from 1% to 95%, and in a second range of proportions: 1% -95%, and the third proportion is: 1% -95%, a fourth ratio: 0.2 to 30 percent.
In the present invention, the adhesive is prepared by: after the polymers are proportioned according to the proportion, the polymers are added and continuously compounded for not less than 25 minutes at a high speed by a double-screw compounding machine to be uniformly mixed together; then a double-screw driven extruder is used for mixing and extruding to form an adhesive layer, and the prepared adhesive is subjected to plasma cleaning, so that the polar component of the adhesive is increased, and the adhesive force is obviously improved.
Referring again to fig. 1, in the present invention, the metal support 100 and the composite sliding layer 300 are bonded by the adhesive layer 200, and the composite sliding layer 300 includes at least one fluorinated thermoplastic material selected from Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), modified polytetrafluoroethylene (TFM), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene (FEP), Perfluoroalkoxyethylene (PFA), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro (methyl vinyl ether) (MFA), ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE), Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), or any combination thereof; at least one of which is tetrafluoroethylene PTFE, wherein at least one of the fluorinated thermoplastics comprises a functionalized polymer having functional groups incorporated into the fluorinated thermoplastic, wherein the composite sliding layer 300 comprises a plurality of fillers for increasing or improving heat conduction or abrasion resistance, further comprising fillers, pigments, or dyes, in particular glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramids, graphene, and silica, the structure of the fillers may be a fabric, powder, sphere, bead, net, wool, and fiber structure, the proportion of the fillers is 15% to 20%, and the thickness of the composite sliding layer (300) is 0.1mm to 1 mm.
In the invention, due to the extremely low surface energy of the composite sliding layer 300, although the adhesive can have enough bonding strength with the metal support, the bonding strength with the sliding layer is far from meeting the requirement, and particularly when the composite sliding layer is processed into a bearing, the adhesive and the sliding layer must keep higher bonding strength when facing a complex working condition environment; therefore, the surface of the sliding layer is pretreated by the following surface treatment methods:
1. high temperature melting process
The basic principle of the method is that the crystal form of the PTFE surface of the sliding layer is changed and embedded with some substances with high surface energy and easy adhesion, such as SiO2AL powder and the like, so that a modified layer embedded with an adhesive substance is formed on the PTFE surface after cooling, and the molecules of the adhesive substance enter into the surface molecules of the PTFE to damage the surface molecules, which is equivalent to intermolecular damage, so that the method has high adhesion strength, has the advantages of weather resistance, humidity resistance and obvious suitability for long-term outdoor use compared with other methods;
2. radiation grafting method
The method needs a Co60 radioactive source to place the sliding layer PTFE film in polymerizable monomers such as styrene fumarate methacrylate and the like, and the radiation of Co60 enables the monomers to generate chemical graft polymerization on the surface of the PTFE film, thereby forming a layer of graft polymer which is easy to bond on the surface of the PTFE film. The method has certain operation difficulty and ecological environment problems.
3. Chemical treatment of sodium naphthalene complex
The chemical method for treating the fluorine-containing material mainly comprises the step of carrying out chemical reaction on corrosive liquid and the PTFE surface of the sliding layer to tear off partial fluorine atoms on the surface, so that a carbonized layer and certain polar groups are left on the surface (the depth of the carbonized layer is about 1 micron), but the method also has the obvious defects that the surface of an adherend becomes dark or black, the surface resistance is reduced in a high-temperature environment, the bonding performance is greatly reduced under long-term exposure to light, and the chemical treatment method of the sodium naphthalene complex has certain ecological environment influence, so that the application of the method is greatly limited.
4. Corona plasma method:
the plasma treatment is to expose the material to non-polymerizing gas plasma to make the active matter in the plasma to modify the surface of the polymer material by using various changes of the structure of the polymer material to make plasma treatment with various interaction with the polymer surface, and the general method is to put the fluorine-containing material in a glow discharge tube or a plasma generator, firstly, the system is vacuumized to 1.33Pa, then a trace amount of inert gas is introduced, the vacuum degree is adjusted to 133.32Pa, the activated inert gas and the polymer surface act for more than 15 minutes when a high-frequency coil is energized to excite a high-frequency coil, the bonding strength of a tough bondable epidermal layer can be generated on the surface, the bonding strength of the epidermal layer is increased from 0.52MPa to 5.2MPa, the contact angle to water is reduced from 111 to 91, and the reported plasma gas has several pressure parameters such as CF4C2F6CF3HCF3ClCF3 BrCF 3 NH3N2NOO2H2OCO2SO2H2/N2CF4/O2O2/He air HeArArArArArArKr pressure and the like The frequency, power, action time and the like of the electric field are easy to adjust, and ideal control can be obtained to generate good effect. The surface energy of the modified PTFE is obviously increased compared with the common process when the sliding layer PTFE is subjected to surface modification under the condition of high electric field/gas density ratio.
5. ARF laser method:
the laser processing PTFE by using ARF as excimer is a new method adopted abroad at present, and the basic principle is that a substance is irradiated by the laser to react with the surface of the PTFE, and the reaction type can be divided into the following types:
(1) carrying out radical reaction;
(2) carrying out grafting reaction;
(3) the improvement of the adhesion property of the polytetrafluoroethylene can also be started from the forming process, and the wettability can be improved and the heat resistance and the illumination resistance can also be greatly improved by adding a light absorber into the polytetrafluoroethylene before film forming and then irradiating the polytetrafluoroethylene by ultraviolet laser after sintering.
Referring to fig. 2 again, the composite material is bonded and compounded under pressure and heat conduction, the pressure is 0.5Mpa-9Mpa, the temperature is 160 ℃ -320 ℃, the composite material can be preheated in a temperature control box, the composite material is compounded under the pressure and temperature by a hot press or the composite lamination time is not less than 5 minutes under the temperature and pressure by a rolling device, and finally the composite plate is subjected to plate shearing, rounding and mechanical processing to prepare the composite bearing.
In summary, the surface of the composite sliding layer 300 is treated by the corona plasma method, and the range of materials is wide, so that the composite sliding layer can be used for polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyester, polycarbonate fluoroplastics, various corresponding copolymers and the like; the processing time is short, the speed is high, and the processing can be carried out on a production line; the operation is simple and the control is easy; the corona treatment only relates to the extremely shallow range of the plastic surface layer, generally only has nanometer magnitude order and does not substantially influence the mechanical property of the product; the characteristic of no waste liquid discharge basically no pollution to the environment is the most preferable scheme.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
While the invention has been described above with reference to an embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the various features of the embodiments disclosed herein may be used in any combination, provided that there is no structural conflict, and the combinations are not exhaustively described in this specification merely for the sake of brevity and conservation of resources. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The novel high-performance adhesive composite self-lubricating composite material is characterized in that: the composite sliding layer comprises a metal support body (100), an adhesive layer (200) and a composite sliding layer (300), wherein the metal support body (100) and the composite sliding layer (300) are bonded through the adhesive layer (200), and the outer surface of the metal support body (100) is coated with a coating (110).
2. The novel high performance bonded composite self-lubricating composite material of claim 1, characterized in that: the metal support body (100) is made of any combination of steel, aluminum, stainless steel, copper, tin, zinc, titanium, scandium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, cobalt and nickel alloy materials.
3. The novel high performance bonded composite self-lubricating composite material of claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the metal support body (100) is 0.1mm-100 mm.
4. The novel high performance bonded composite self-lubricating composite material of claim 1, characterized in that: the coating (110) may be applied to the metal support (100) by spraying, metal spraying, mechanical coating, electroplating, hot dipping, or any combination thereof.
5. The novel high performance bonded composite self-lubricating composite material of claim 1, characterized in that: the coating (110) may be an alloy layer made of one or more combinations of metals selected from chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, mercury, aluminum, gallium, indium, thallium, silicon, germanium, tin, lead, antimony, and bismuth.
6. The novel high performance bonded composite self-lubricating composite material of claim 1, characterized in that: the alloy layer made of the coating (110) is mixed with a ball-milled solid lubricant, and the solid lubricant is one or more of molybdenum disulfide, graphite, boron nitride and niobium diselenide.
7. The novel high performance bonded composite self-lubricating composite material of claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the adhesive layer (200) is 0.02mm-0.05 mm.
8. The novel high performance bonded composite self-lubricating composite material of claim 1, characterized in that: the composite sliding layer (300) is subjected to surface treatment by a corona plasma method.
9. The novel high performance bonded composite self-lubricating composite material of claim 1, characterized in that: the composite sliding layer (300) comprises at least one fluorinated thermoplastic selected from Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), modified polytetrafluoroethylene (TFM), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene (FEP), Perfluoroalkoxyethylene (PFA), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro (methyl vinyl ether) (MFA), ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer (ECTFE), Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), or any combination thereof, at least one of which is tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
10. Novel compound self-lubricating composite bearing of high performance bonding, its characterized in that: made by subjecting the composite material of any one of claims 1-9 to plate shearing, rolling and machining.
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