CN109747239A - A kind of self-lubricating material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of self-lubricating material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of self-lubricating material and its Preparation Methods, self-lubricating material is combined by sliding layer, adhesive layer and supporting layer, sliding layer is the porous material containing PTFE fiber, the adhesive surface of supporting layer first passes through roughening treatment, sliding layer, supporting layer adhesive surface use coupling agent treatment, contain coupling agent in adhesive layer.Adhesive layer is set between sliding layer and supporting layer, and sliding layer is connected by adhesive layer with supporting layer bonding to be combined with each other.Preparation method of the present invention is simple and environmentally-friendly, it is firmly combined between sliding layer and supporting layer in self-lubricating material obtained, with excellent peel strength, it can better assure the globality of self-lubricating material in use, a possibility that delamination causes material failure between sliding layer and supporting layer is reduced, the components such as the bearing used under the conditions of top load, washer, sliding block are particularly suitable for.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Material Field, specifically a kind of self-lubricating material and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE) has extremely low coefficient of friction, is widely used in the sliding layer material of self-lubricating bearing
In.But the wearability of PTFE and bearing capacity are poor.For improve PTFE wearability and bearing capacity to adapt to high request
Applying working condition, PTFE fiber can be with other fiber shufflings, especially high intensity, the aramid fiber of high-modulus, carbon fiber, polyester fiber
Deng.Blended fabric is used as sliding layer, can simultaneously using PTFE excellent lubricity and other fibers it is high-intensitive and resistance to
Mill property.But PTFE is non-polar material, surface can be extremely low, is difficult viscous with common support layer material (such as metal surface)
It closes.In use, the realization of sliding layer and each self-applying of supporting layer is strong with combination good between the two to self-lubricating bearing
Premised on degree, and can be direct with the delamination made of PTFE fiber and other fiber shuffling materials between sliding layer and supporting layer
Cause the failure of material.Application No. is 201210001210.3 applications for a patent for invention to disclose a kind of " self-lubricating knuckle bearing
Aramid fiber/PTFE washer modification processing method ", it handles PTFE/ aramid fiber sliding layer using corrosive earth solution, but also only
It can get the peel strength of 1.52N/mm.And " one disclosed in the application for a patent for invention application No. is 201010115451.1
In kind three-layer self lubricating abrasion-resistant slide bearing material and preparation method thereof ", although having used porous sintered copper powder as in simultaneously
Interbed and plasma, strong acid and strong base, anodic oxidation handle fabric slider layer, but increase process complexity and production cost,
And do not show effective influence of the abovementioned technology on bond strength between sliding layer and supporting layer.
Summary of the invention
It is strong technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in proposing to have excellent combination between a kind of sliding layer and supporting layer
Self-lubricating material of degree and preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the above technical problems, a kind of self-lubricating material of the present invention is compound by sliding layer, adhesive layer and supporting layer
It forming, the sliding layer is the porous material containing PTFE fiber, and the adhesive layer is set between the sliding layer and supporting layer,
The sliding layer is connected by the adhesive layer with supporting layer bonding；The sliding layer, supporting layer adhesive surface using at coupling agent
It manages, contains coupling agent in the adhesive layer.
A kind of above-mentioned self-lubricating material, the sliding layer also contain other fibers, and other fibers are glass fibre, profound
Military rock fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, Fypro, polyurethane fiber, polyester fiber, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, poly- third
At least one of alkene fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fibre or polyetheretherketonefiber fiber, other fibers are mixed with the PTFE fiber.
A kind of above-mentioned self-lubricating material, breaking strength >=0.5cN/dtex of the PTFE fiber, institute in the sliding layer
The mass content range for stating PTFE fiber is 20%~90%, preferably 40%~80%；The breaking strength of other fibers >=
2cN/dtex, the mass content range of other fibers are 10%~80%, preferably 20%~60%.
A kind of above-mentioned self-lubricating material, the structure of the sliding layer are plain weave, twill, satin weave, three-dimensional or non-woven material；
The sliding layer with a thickness of 0.1~1.0mm, preferably 0.2~0.5mm.
A kind of above-mentioned self-lubricating material, the supporting layer are sheet metal, and adhesive surface passes through roughening treatment, described thick
Roughening processing mode is feather plucking, sandblasting, ball blast, electric spark texturing or chemical method, the adhesive surface after the roughening treatment its
Surface roughness Ra are as follows: 1~10 μm, preferably 2~5 μm.
A kind of above-mentioned self-lubricating material, the adhesive layer are containing at least one binder, at least one silane coupling agent
With the mixture of at least one filler.
A kind of above-mentioned self-lubricating material, the binder are polyvinyl acetate and its copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinegar
Vinyl acetate copolymer, polypropylene copolymer, polyethylene and ethylene copolymers, polyamide, polyurethane, polyphenylene sulfide, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene
Copolymer, tetrafluoroethene-perfluorinated alkoxy vinyl ether copolymer, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, Kynoar and epoxy
The mixture of one or more of resin, phenolic resin (containing two kinds)；The silane coupling agent has R- (CH2)x-Si-
(R′)yStructure, wherein x is 1~5, and R ' is CH3O- or CH3CH2O-, y are that 2~3, R is selected from Cl-, NH2-、HS-、CH2=C (CH3)
COO, O=C=N- orThe filler is silica, talcum powder, graphite, silicon carbide, calcium carbonate, sulfuric acid
The mixture of one or more of barium, aluminium oxide, boron nitride (containing two kinds).
A kind of above-mentioned self-lubricating material, the adhesive layer are 2%~50% relative to the mass ratio of the sliding layer, preferably
10%~25%；The adhesive layer with a thickness of 0.01~0.1mm, preferably 0.02~0.05mm；The adhesive layer is with film, powder
The form at end, liquid or fusant is applied between the sliding layer and the adhesive surface of supporting layer, and enters the porous of sliding layer
Convex-concave surface after structure and supporting layer roughening treatment.
The adhesive surface of a kind of above-mentioned self-lubricating material, the sliding layer and supporting layer uses the same or different silicon respectively
Alkane coupling agent treatment, the silane coupling agent have R- (CH2)x-Si-(R′)yStructure, wherein x is 1~5, and R ' is CH3O- or
CH3CH2O-, y are that 2~3, R is selected from Cl-, NH2-、HS-、CH2=C (CH3) COO, O=C=N- or
A kind of preparation method of self-lubricating material, it includes the following steps: 1. to be bonded using sheet metal as supporting layer
Face first passes through roughening treatment, then handles and dry through silane coupling agent, and the mode that the silane coupling agent applies is sprinkling, leaching
Stain, brushing or coating；2. the adhesive surface of the sliding layer containing PTFE fiber is handled and dried through silane coupling agent, the silane
The mode that coupling agent applies is sprinkling, dipping, brushing or coating；3. adhesive layer to be applied to the adhesive surface and branch of the sliding layer
Between the adhesive surface for supportting layer, under heat and pressure, the adhesive layer flows, into the porous structure of the sliding layer
With the convex-concave surface formed after the roughening treatment of the supporting layer；4. under conditions of continuing heated or cooling, the bonding
Layer solidification, the supporting layer and sliding layer are combined with each other.
The present invention is by adopting the above-described technical solution, it carries out in advance the adhesive surface of sliding layer and the adhesive surface of supporting layer
It first handles, reuses adhesive layer and bond the adhesive surface of sliding layer and supporting layer under hot pressing function, obtained moistens certainly
It is firmly combined between sliding layer and supporting layer in sliding material, there is excellent peel strength.It is examined with the peeling rate of 20mm/min
Survey the peel strength between its sliding layer and supporting layer, institute's value >=2.0N/mm.Compared with prior art, of the invention to have
Beneficial effect is: (1) preparation method is simple and environmentally-friendly, is without the use of processing step influential on environment；(2) gained self-lubricating
Peel strength is high between sliding layer and supporting layer in material, can better assure the entirety of self-lubricating material in use
Property, reduce a possibility that delamination causes material failure between sliding layer and supporting layer, be particularly suitable for making under the conditions of top load
The components such as bearing, washer, sliding block.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the layer structure schematic diagram of self-lubricating material of the present invention.
Specific implementation method
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, self-lubricating material of the present invention is combined by sliding layer 1, adhesive layer 2 and supporting layer 3, adhesive layer
2 are set between sliding layer 1 and supporting layer 3, sliding layer 1 are connected with the bonding of supporting layer 3, preparation method includes the following steps:
1, it chooses with a thickness of the twill weave of 0.25mm, PTFE fiber and aramid fiber shuffling (PTFE fiber mass content is 40%)
Object is sliding layer 1, and wherein the breaking strength of PTFE fiber is 0.7cN/dtex, and the breaking strength of aramid fiber is 15cN/dtex.
2, the cold-rolled carbon steel plate with a thickness of 1.25mm is chosen as supporting layer 3, and adhesive surface 3b is handled by feather plucking, coarse
Ra=3.0 μm of degree.With the ethanol solution difference of γ-(the third oxygen of 2,3- epoxy) propyl trimethoxy silicane that mass content is 5%
The adhesive surface 1a of fabric slider layer 1 and the adhesive surface 3b of steel plate supporting layer are impregnated, taking-up, which is placed in 100 DEG C of baking ovens, have been dried
Entirely.
3, choosing the bisphenol A type epoxy resin that epoxide number is 0.51 is binder, and adds the dioxy that mass content is 5%
SiClx powder, γ-(the third oxygen of the 2,3- epoxy) propyl trimethoxy silicane that mass content is 0.5% and the mixing of appropriate curing agent
Uniformly, the material of adhesive layer 2 is made；Then the material of adhesive layer 2 is scratched onto the feather plucking face of steel plate supporting layer 3, applied amount
It is the 15% of 1 mass of fabric slider layer.On fabric slider layer 1 laying to adhesive layer 2, and it is placed in 80 DEG C of hot presses together
On, apply the pressure of 0.2MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 3h.Adhesive layer 2 has mobility within a certain period of time, hence into sliding layer 1
Porous structure and supporting layer 3 roughening treatment after convex-concave surface；Then under conditions of continuing heated or cooling, bonding
Layer solidification, and sliding layer 1 and supporting layer 3 are combined with each other.Composite material is taken out to get self-lubricating material of the present invention.
4, material obtained is cut into the batten of 10mm wide, 60mm long, with the speed of 20mm/min on cupping machine
Degree removing fabric slider layer 1, measuring peel strength is 2.8N/mm.
Embodiment 2
Other than the mass content of PTFE fiber in sliding layer is 80%, remaining is same as Example 1.Gained removing is strong
Degree is 1.7N/mm.
Embodiment 3
Self-lubricating material of the present invention is prepared with the following method:
1, the plain cloth for choosing thickness 0.2mm, PTFE fiber and high-strength polyester shuffling (mass ratio 1:1) is sliding
Layer, wherein the breaking strength of PTFE fiber is 0.7cN/dtex, and the breaking strength of high-strength polyester is 4.1cN/dtex.
2, the stainless steel plate for choosing thickness 2.0mm is used as supporting layer, adhesive surface 3b by blasting treatment, roughness Ra=
2.5μm.The ethanol solution for the 3- mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane for being 10% with mass content sprays the viscous of fabric slider layer respectively
The adhesive surface 3b of conjunction face 1a and steel plate supporting layer are subsequently placed in 100 DEG C of baking ovens dry complete.
3, choosing maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene is binder, and adds powdered graphite and quality that mass content is 5%
γ-(2,3- the third oxygen of the epoxy) propyl trimethoxy silicane that content is 1% is uniformly mixed, and is pressed into film, then laying to steel
On the adhesive surface 3b of plate supporting layer, applied amount is the 10% of fabric slider layer quality.By fabric slider layer laying to adhesive layer it
On, and be placed on 180 DEG C of hot presses together, apply the pressure of 0.5MPa, keep the temperature 10min, pressure maintaining immediately is cooling.By embodiment 1
Middle method, measuring peel strength is 2.3N/mm.
Embodiment 4
Self-lubricating material of the present invention is prepared with the following method:
1, choose thickness 0.25mm, PTFE fiber plain cloth be sliding layer, wherein the breaking strength of PTFE fiber be
0.7cN/dtex；
2, the cold-rolled carbon steel plate of thickness 2.0mm is chosen as supporting layer, and adhesive surface 3b is handled by feather plucking, roughness Ra
=3.2 μm.The ethanol solution for the gamma-aminopropyl-triethoxy-silane for being 10% with mass content sprays fabric slider layer respectively
The adhesive surface 3b of adhesive surface 1a and steel plate supporting layer are subsequently placed in 100 DEG C of baking ovens dry complete.
3, choosing the bisphenol A type epoxy resin that epoxide number is 0.51 is binder, and adds the dioxy that mass content is 5%
SiClx powder, γ-(the third oxygen of the 2,3- epoxy) propyl trimethoxy silicane that mass content is 1% and the mixing of appropriate curing agent are equal
It is even, the material of binder is made；Then it scratches on the adhesive surface 3b of steel plate supporting layer, applied amount is fabric slider layer quality
20%.It on fabric slider layer laying to adhesive layer, and is placed on 80 DEG C of hot presses together, applies the pressure of 0.2MPa, protected
Warm pressure maintaining 3h takes out composite material.By method in embodiment 1, measuring peel strength is 2.1N/mm.
For the beneficial effect for further illustrating the relevant technologies feature in preparation method of the present invention, in addition spy implements following two
A comparative example:
Comparative example 1 does not apply silane idol in addition to the adhesive surface 1a of the fabric slider layer 1 and adhesive surface 3b of steel plate supporting layer 3
Join except agent processing, remaining is same as Example 1.Measuring peel strength is 1.5N/mm.
Comparative example 2 does not apply silane idol in addition to the adhesive surface 1a of the fabric slider layer 1 and adhesive surface 3b of steel plate supporting layer 3
Join agent processing, adhesive layer 2 without containing except silane coupling agent, remaining is same as Example 1.Measuring peel strength is 1.2N/mm.
It is used when silane coupling agent used in binder is with processing sliding layer and supporting layer adhesive surface in the method for the present invention
Silane coupling agent may be the same or different.Handling silane coupling agent used in sliding layer and supporting layer adhesive surface can
Be it is same, be also possible to not of the same race.Sheet metal as supporting layer can be steel, aluminium, copper or its conjunction of various materials
The common metals material such as gold.The adhesive surface of sheet metal improves the surface area with sliding layer bonding, phase by roughening treatment
Various coating preservative treatments can be used in corresponding another side.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of self-lubricating material, which is characterized in that it is combined by sliding layer, adhesive layer and supporting layer, the sliding layer
It is the porous material containing PTFE fiber, the adhesive layer is set between the sliding layer and supporting layer, and the adhesive layer is by institute
Sliding layer is stated to be connected with supporting layer bonding；The sliding layer, supporting layer adhesive surface use coupling agent treatment, in the adhesive layer
Contain coupling agent.
2. a kind of self-lubricating material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the sliding layer also contains other fibers, institute
Other fibers are stated to be glass fibre, basalt fibre, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, Fypro, polyurethane fiber, polyester fiber, surpass
At least one of high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, polypropylene fibre, polyphenylene sulfide fibre or polyetheretherketonefiber fiber, it is described other
Fiber is mixed with the PTFE fiber.
3. a kind of self-lubricating material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the breaking strength of the PTFE fiber >=
0.5cN/dtex, the mass content range of PTFE fiber described in the sliding layer are 20%~90%, preferably 40%~80%；It is described
Breaking strength >=2cN/dtex of other fibers, the mass content ranges of other fibers are 10%~80%, preferably 20%~
60%。
4. a kind of self-lubricating material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the structure of the sliding layer is plain weave, tiltedly
Line, satin weave, three-dimensional or non-woven material；The sliding layer with a thickness of 0.1~1.0mm, preferably 0.2~0.5mm.
5. a kind of self-lubricating material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the supporting layer is sheet metal, is glued
Roughening treatment is passed through in conjunction face, and the roughening treatment mode is feather plucking, sandblasting, ball blast, electric spark texturing or chemical method, institute
Adhesive surface its surface roughness Ra after stating roughening treatment are as follows: 1~10 μm, preferably 2~5 μm.
6. a kind of self-lubricating material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the adhesive layer is containing at least one
The mixture of binder, at least one silane coupling agent and at least one filler.
7. a kind of self-lubricating material as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the binder is polyvinyl acetate and its is total to
Polymers, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polypropylene copolymer, polyethylene and ethylene copolymers, polyamide, polyurethane,
Polyphenylene sulfide, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, tetrafluoroethene-perfluorinated alkoxy vinyl ether copolymer, fluorinated ethylene propylene
The mixture of one or more of copolymer, Kynoar and epoxy resin, phenolic resin；The silane coupling agent
With R- (CH2)x-Si-(R´)yStructure, wherein x is 1~5, R´For CH3O- or CH3CH2O-, y are that 2~3, R is selected from Cl-, NH2-、
HS-、CH2=C(CH3) COO, O=C=N- or；The filler be silica, talcum powder, graphite, silicon carbide,
The mixture of one or more of calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, aluminium oxide, boron nitride.
8. a kind of self-lubricating material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the adhesive layer is relative to the sliding
The mass ratio of layer is 2%~50%, preferably 10%~25%；The adhesive layer with a thickness of 0.01~0.1mm, preferably 0.02~
0.05mm；The adhesive layer is applied to the bonding of the sliding layer and supporting layer in the form of film, powder, liquid or fusant
Between face, and the porous structure for entering sliding layer and the convex-concave surface after supporting layer roughening treatment.
9. a kind of self-lubricating material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the bonding of the sliding layer and supporting layer
Face is handled using the same or different silane coupling agent respectively, and the silane coupling agent has R- (CH2)x-Si-(R´)yKnot
Structure, wherein x is 1~5, R´For CH3O- or CH3CH2O-, y are that 2~3, R is selected from Cl-, NH2-、HS-、CH2=C(CH3)COO、O=C=
N- or。
10. a kind of preparation method of self-lubricating material, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps: 1. with sheet metal for support
Layer, first passes through roughening treatment for its adhesive surface, then handle and dry through silane coupling agent, the side that the silane coupling agent applies
Formula is sprinkling, dipping, brushes or coat；2. handling and doing the adhesive surface of the sliding layer containing PTFE fiber through silane coupling agent
Dry, the mode that the silane coupling agent applies is sprinkling, dipping, brushing or coating；3. adhesive layer is applied to the sliding layer
Adhesive surface and supporting layer adhesive surface between, under heat and pressure, the adhesive layer flows, into the sliding
The convex-concave surface formed after the porous structure of layer and the roughening treatment of the supporting layer；4. continuing heated or cooling condition
Under, the supporting layer and sliding layer are combined with each other by the adhesive layer solidification.
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| CN111114053A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-05-08 | 燕山大学 | Non-woven fabric composite self-lubricating liner with gradient distribution in thick direction |
| CN111188116A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-05-22 | 上海市纺织科学研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of polyether-ether-ketone fiber-based self-lubricating fabric |
| US20210277255A1 (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2021-09-09 | Miba Gleitlager Austria Gmbh | Anti-friction varnish |
| CN112092390A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-18 | 上海市轴承技术研究所 | Preparation method of self-lubricating liner and self-lubricating liner |
| CN112277399A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-01-29 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Basalt fiber-based self-lubricating fabric liner material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112920507A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-08 | 青岛海尔新材料研发有限公司 | Visual high-temperature-resistant hydrolysis-resistant glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material for automobile water chamber |
| CN113187819A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-30 | 怀宁吉利来精密机械科技有限公司 | High-performance adhesive composite self-lubricating composite material and composite bearing |
| CN113187820A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-30 | 怀宁吉利来精密机械科技有限公司 | Novel high-performance adhesive composite self-lubricating composite material and composite bearing |
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