CN113186379B - Striker type gear ultrasonic shot peening strengthening device - Google Patents

Striker type gear ultrasonic shot peening strengthening device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113186379B
CN113186379B CN202110473481.8A CN202110473481A CN113186379B CN 113186379 B CN113186379 B CN 113186379B CN 202110473481 A CN202110473481 A CN 202110473481A CN 113186379 B CN113186379 B CN 113186379B
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vibration
ultrasonic
head
striker
support rod
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CN113186379A (en
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陈海锋
杨吉鑫
胡宁
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a striker type gear ultrasonic shot peening strengthening device, which comprises an ultrasonic vibration device and an impact mechanism, and is characterized in that the ultrasonic vibration device consists of an ultrasonic generator, a transducer, an amplitude transformer and a vibration head, the cross section of the working end of the vibration head is trapezoidal, the vibration mode is axial vibration, the impact mechanism consists of a shell, an upper cover plate, a side cover plate, a spring support rod and a striker plate, the outline of two sides of the shell matched with a processed gear is involute and has a grid structure, the vibration head is arranged in a cavity of the shell, the spring support rod is contacted with the vibration head, the striker plate is fixed on the spring support rod, hemispherical salient points which are distributed at equal intervals are arranged on the working surface of the striker plate, the invention utilizes the trapezoidal vibration head to be matched with the spring support rod to convert the motion in the axial direction into reciprocating motion acting on the tooth surface direction of the processed gear, the problem that the ultrasonic tool head is far away from the tooth surface of the gear to be processed and an ideal processing effect is difficult to achieve is effectively solved.

Description

Striker type gear ultrasonic shot peening strengthening device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of part surface strengthening equipment, in particular to a striker type ultrasonic shot blasting device for strengthening the surface of a straight spur gear.
Background
The gear is an important mechanical basic part, the technical level of the gear determines the performance of the whole machine and becomes a bottleneck restricting the development of equipment. Particularly in the field of aviation industry, the tooth surface friction environment in the aviation gear transmission process is extremely complex, the temperature of a gear friction interface is increased under the high-speed heavy-load working condition, a lubricating oil film is difficult to form, the phenomena of pitting, falling, gluing and the like are easy to occur to a friction pair, the gear transmission efficiency is reduced due to severe tooth surface friction abrasion, vibration and noise are generated, and the operation safety of the whole transmission system is threatened. With the continuous and deep tribology research, a great deal of experimental research shows that the nano material can show excellent performance different from a macroscopic material, and surface gradient nano crystallization is proved to be an effective method for improving the wear performance of the material. At present, the preparation method of the surface gradient nano structure mainly comprises three forms of surface coating or deposition, surface self-nanocrystallization and mixed nanocrystallization. Because of the particularity of the gear structure, the gear surface nanocrystallization mainly adopts a surface coating or deposition mode, namely a coating or deposition method is utilized to plate a layer of nanostructure coating on the surface of a gear matrix, but the mode has the defect that the combination of a nanometer surface layer and the matrix is not tight.
The ultrasonic shot blasting technology is a surface self-nanocrystallization technology which uses high-power ultrasound as driving energy and uses an ultrasonic transducer and a horn to drive a pill or a firing pin to carry out shot blasting strengthening on a processed surface. At present, researchers at home and abroad have utilized ultrasonic shot blasting technology to prepare gradient nanostructures on the surfaces of different metals such as aluminum alloy, nickel-based alloy, titanium alloy and the like, and in addition, ultrasonic shot blasting can also generate deeper residual compressive stress layers and hardened layers on the surfaces of the metals. Therefore, the gear surface is subjected to nanocrystallization by adopting an ultrasonic shot blasting technology to improve the frictional wear performance of the gear surface, the defect of untight combination of a nanometer surface layer and a matrix caused by a surface coating or a deposition method is overcome, and the fatigue life of the gear can be effectively prolonged. However, because the existing gear ultrasonic shot blasting bombards the surface of a workpiece by driving a shot through a plane tool head, the distance between the ultrasonic shot blasting tool head and the surface of the workpiece is critical, and the existing research shows that for a pure titanium plate, when the ultrasonic shot blasting distance is more than 12.5mm, no obvious nanocrystalline composite layer can be generated. For the gear with large modulus, the tooth height is higher, so that the distance from the tooth root to the ultrasonic shot blasting tool head is longer, and the ideal processing effect is difficult to achieve.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a striker type ultrasonic shot blasting device for strengthening the surface of a large-modulus straight toothed spur gear, which is used for solving the problem that the ultrasonic shot blasting tool head is far away from the surface of a processed gear in the traditional gear ultrasonic shot blasting method and the ideal processing effect is difficult to achieve.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme, a striker gear ultrasonic shot peening strengthening device comprises an ultrasonic vibration device and an impact mechanism, and is characterized in that the ultrasonic vibration device is composed of an ultrasonic generator, an energy converter, an amplitude transformer and a vibration head, the cross section of the working end of the vibration head is trapezoidal, the vibration mode is axial vibration, the impact mechanism is composed of a shell, an upper cover plate, a side cover plate, a spring support rod and a striker plate, the outline shapes of two sides of the shell matched with a processed gear are involute and have a grid structure, a step-shaped through hole and a threaded hole for fixing the side cover plate are arranged between the grid plates, a screw hole matched with the threaded hole and a through hole for the spring support rod to pass through are arranged on the side cover plate, a cavity with the shape of the vibration head is arranged in the shell, the vibration head is arranged in the cavity of the shell, the spring support rod is provided with a boss, one end of the spring support rod is inserted into the stepped through hole of the shell and then is contacted with the vibrating head, the spring can reciprocate along the axis of the stepped through hole, the spring is a compression spring and is sleeved on the spring support rod, the striker plate is fixed on the spring support rod through a bolt, the striker plate is of a block structure and mutually independent and has a gap, hemispherical convex points which are distributed at equal intervals are arranged on the working surface of the striker plate, the upper cover plate is fixed with the shell through the bolt, and a gap exists between the striker plate and the tooth surface of the processed gear in an initial state.
Preferably, the axes of the stepped through holes arranged on the two sides of the shell are perpendicular to the involute profile.
Preferably, the contact part of the spring support rod and the vibration head is in the shape of an inclined plane, and the slope of the inclined plane is equal to that of the working surface of the vibration head, so that the spring support rod and the vibration head are in surface contact, the average contact pressure of the contact surface of the vibration head is reduced, and the abrasion of the working surface of the vibration head is reduced.
Preferably, the cross section of the working end of the vibrating head is in an isosceles trapezoid shape.
Preferably, the amplitude range of the vibration head is 30-50 microns, and the vibration frequency is 20 kHz-30 kHz.
Preferably, the diameter of the hemispherical salient point arranged on the working surface of the striker plate is 1-3 mm.
Preferably, the clearance between the working surface of the striker plate and the surface of the gear to be machined is 3-5 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the trapezoidal vibration head is matched with the spring support rod to convert the motion in the axial direction into the reciprocating motion acting on the tooth surface direction of the processed gear, thereby effectively solving the problem that the ultrasonic tool head is far away from the tooth surface of the processed gear and is difficult to achieve the ideal processing effect. When the axes of the stepped through holes arranged on the two sides of the shell are vertical to the involute profile, the salient points on the striker plate can be ensured to vertically impact the surface of the gear, and a better ultrasonic shot blasting effect is obtained; on the other hand, as the parameters of the processed gear are numerous, and the vibration mode and the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic vibration device are closely related to the shapes of the ultrasonic variable-amplitude rod and the vibration head, only the impact structure matched with the processed gear is required to be designed for the processed gear with different parameters by utilizing the matching of the trapezoidal vibration head and the spring supporting rod, so that the universality of the ultrasonic shot blasting device is improved, and the use cost of enterprises is reduced. In addition, as the processed tooth surface is a curved surface, in order to ensure that the firing pin block can freely reciprocate along the axis of the spring support rod and avoid being stuck, two sides of the shell matched with the tooth surface are provided with grid structures, block-shaped firing pin blocks are arranged between the grids, the firing pin blocks are mutually independent and leave gaps, and the structure is also convenient for replacing the worn firing pin block; and if only the local shot peening strengthening is needed to be carried out on the gear, the collision needle plate at the rest part can be removed, and the local strengthening on the surface of the gear is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the assembly of the impact mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the connection of the ultrasonic vibration device.
Fig. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the shell of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the stepped through hole of the housing according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the side cover plate of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the spring supporting rod structure of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a vibrating head structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the striker plate configuration of the present invention.
The labels in the figure are: 1-a vibrating head; 2-upper cover plate; 3-a shell; 301-threaded hole; 302-step type through holes; 303-a grid plate; 4-a spring support bar; 401-boss; 5-a spring; 6-side cover plate; 601-a through hole; 602-screw hole; 7-a striker plate; 8-a horn; 9-a transducer; 10-ultrasonic generator.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
Embodiment 1, the present invention is further described below according to a specific embodiment, and referring to fig. 1 to 9, a striker type gear ultrasonic shot peening strengthening device comprises an ultrasonic vibration device and an impact mechanism, and is characterized in that the ultrasonic vibration device comprises an ultrasonic generator 10, a transducer 9, an amplitude transformer 8 and a vibration head 1, the cross section of the working end of the vibration head 1 is isosceles trapezoid, the vibration mode is axial vibration, the amplitude of the vibration head 1 is 30 micrometers, the vibration frequency is 20kHz, the impact mechanism comprises a housing 3, an upper cover plate 2, a side cover plate 6, a spring 5, a spring support rod 4 and a striker plate 7, the two side profiles of the housing 3 matched with a gear to be machined are involute curves and have a grid structure, a stepped through hole 302 and a threaded hole 301 for fixing the side cover plate 6 are arranged between grid plates 303, the axis of the stepped through hole 302 is perpendicular to the involute profile, the side cover plate 6 is provided with a screw hole 602 matched with the screw hole 301 and a through hole 601 through which the spring support rod 4 can pass, the shell 3 is internally provided with a cavity with the same shape as the vibration head 1, the vibration head 1 is arranged in the cavity of the shell 3 and can reciprocate along the axis of the vibration head 1, one end of the spring support rod 4 with a boss 401 is inserted into the stepped through hole 302 of the shell 3 and then contacts with the vibration head 1 and can reciprocate along the axis of the stepped through hole 302, the contact part of the spring support rod 4 and the vibration head 1 is in an inclined plane, the inclined plane has the same slope as that of the working surface of the vibration head 1, the spring 5 is sleeved on the spring support rod 4, the spring 5 is a compression spring, the needle plate 7 is fixed on the spring support rod 4 through bolts, the needle plate 7 is in a block structure and mutually independent and has gaps, and the working surface of the needle plate 7 is provided with hemispherical convex points distributed at equal intervals, the diameter of the hemispherical convex point is 1mm, the upper cover plate 2 is fixed with the shell 3 through bolts, and in an initial state, the gap between the firing pin plate 7 and the surface of the processed gear is 3 mm.
The working principle is that the vibrating head does ultrasonic frequency reciprocating vibration along the axis direction under the action of the ultrasonic transmitter, the transducer and the amplitude transformer, when the vibrating head moves forwards, the spring supporting rod is in contact with the vibrating head, the spring supporting rod compresses the spring under the impact action of the vibrating head, and moves along the axis direction of the stepped through hole to drive the striker plate to strike the surface of the gear, so that shot peening strengthening is realized, and then the spring supporting rod returns to the initial position under the acting force of the spring to wait for the next forward movement of the vibrating head, so that the periodic reciprocating movement of the striker plate is realized.
Embodiment 2, the present invention is further described below according to a specific embodiment, and referring to fig. 1 to 9, a striker type gear ultrasonic shot peening strengthening device comprises an ultrasonic vibration device and an impact mechanism, and is characterized in that the ultrasonic vibration device comprises an ultrasonic generator 10, a transducer 9, an amplitude transformer 8 and a vibration head 1, the cross section of the working end of the vibration head 1 is isosceles trapezoid, the vibration mode is axial vibration, the amplitude of the vibration head 1 is 50 micrometers, the vibration frequency is 30kHz, the impact mechanism comprises a housing 3, an upper cover plate 2, a side cover plate 6, a spring 5, a spring support rod 4 and a striker plate 7, the two side profiles of the housing 3 matched with a gear to be machined are involute curves and have a grid structure, a stepped through hole 302 and a threaded hole 301 for fixing the side cover plate 6 are arranged between grid plates 303, the axis of the stepped through hole 302 is perpendicular to the involute profile, the side cover plate 6 is provided with a screw hole 602 matched with the screw hole 301 and a through hole 601 through which the spring support rod 4 can pass, the shell 3 is internally provided with a cavity with the same shape as the vibration head 1, the vibration head 1 is arranged in the cavity of the shell 3 and can reciprocate along the axis of the vibration head 1, one end of the spring support rod 4 with a boss 401 is inserted into the stepped through hole 302 of the shell 3 and then contacts with the vibration head 1 and can reciprocate along the axis of the stepped through hole 302, the contact part of the spring support rod 4 and the vibration head 1 is in an inclined plane, the inclined plane has the same slope as that of the working surface of the vibration head 1, the spring 5 is sleeved on the spring support rod 4, the spring 5 is a compression spring, the needle plate 7 is fixed on the spring support rod 4 through bolts, the needle plate 7 is in a block structure and mutually independent and has gaps, and the working surface of the needle plate 7 is provided with hemispherical convex points distributed at equal intervals, the diameter of the hemispherical convex point is 3mm, the upper cover plate 2 is fixed with the shell 3 through bolts, and in an initial state, the gap between the firing pin plate 7 and the surface of the processed gear is 5 mm.
The working principle is that the vibrating head does ultrasonic frequency reciprocating vibration along the axis direction under the action of the ultrasonic transmitter, the transducer and the amplitude transformer, when the vibrating head moves forwards, the spring supporting rod is in contact with the vibrating head, the spring supporting rod compresses the spring under the impact action of the vibrating head, and moves along the axis direction of the stepped through hole to drive the striker plate to strike the surface of the gear, so that shot peening strengthening is realized, and then the spring supporting rod returns to the initial position under the acting force of the spring to wait for the next forward movement of the vibrating head, so that the periodic reciprocating movement of the striker plate is realized.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered to be the fundamental and essential features of the invention and advantages thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited by the foregoing embodiments, but is described in the foregoing description only for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and is subject to various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. The ultrasonic shot peening strengthening device for the striker type gear comprises an ultrasonic vibration device and an impact mechanism, and is characterized in that the ultrasonic vibration device is composed of an ultrasonic generator (10), a transducer (9), an amplitude transformer (8) and a vibration head (1), the cross section of the working end of the vibration head (1) is trapezoidal, the vibration mode is axial vibration, the impact mechanism is composed of a shell (3), an upper cover plate (2), a side cover plate (6), a spring (5), a spring support rod (4) and a striker plate (7), the outline shapes of two sides of the shell (3) matched with a processed gear are involute and have a grid structure, a stepped through hole (302) and a threaded hole (301) used for fixing the side cover plate (6) are arranged between grid plates (303), the side cover plate (6) is provided with a screw hole (602) matched with the threaded hole (301) and a through hole (601) through which the spring support rod (4) can pass, a cavity with the same shape as the vibrating head (1) is arranged in the shell (3), the vibrating head (1) is arranged in the cavity of the shell (3), and can do reciprocating motion along the axis of the vibrating head (1), one end of the spring supporting rod (4) with a boss (401) is inserted into the step-shaped through hole (302) of the shell (3) and then contacts with the vibrating head (1), and can do reciprocating motion along the axis of the stepped through hole (302), the spring (5) is a compression spring and is sleeved on the spring support rod (4), the needle striking plate (7) is fixed on the spring support rod (4) through a bolt, the needle striking plate (7) is of a block structure and mutually independent and provided with a gap, and the working surface of the needle collision plate (7) is provided with hemispherical salient points which are distributed at equal intervals, the upper cover plate (2) is fixed with the shell (3) through bolts, and a gap exists between the needle collision plate (7) and the tooth surface of the processed gear in the initial state.
2. The ultrasonic shot-peening apparatus for pin gears according to claim 1, wherein the axes of the stepped through holes (302) provided on both sides of the housing (3) are perpendicular to the involute profile.
3. The ultrasonic shot-peening apparatus with pin gear according to claim 1, wherein the contact portion of the spring support rod (4) with the vibration head (1) is shaped as an inclined surface, and the slope of the inclined surface is equal to the slope of the working surface of the vibration head (1).
4. The ultrasonic shot-peening apparatus with striker-type gear according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the working end of the vibration head (1) is an isosceles trapezoid.
5. The ultrasonic shot peening apparatus for the striker-type gear according to claim 1, wherein the amplitude of the vibration head (1) is in the range of 30 to 50 μm and the vibration frequency is in the range of 20kHz to 30 kHz.
6. The ultrasonic shot-peening apparatus with striker type gear according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the hemispherical convex point provided on the working surface of the striker plate (7) is 1 to 3 mm.
7. The ultrasonic shot-peening apparatus for the striker-type gear according to claim 1, wherein the clearance between the working surface of the striker plate (7) and the surface of the gear to be machined is 3 to 5 mm.
CN202110473481.8A 2021-04-29 2021-04-29 Striker type gear ultrasonic shot peening strengthening device Active CN113186379B (en)

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CN202110473481.8A CN113186379B (en) 2021-04-29 2021-04-29 Striker type gear ultrasonic shot peening strengthening device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114875344A (en) * 2022-05-27 2022-08-09 南京航空航天大学 Vacuum shot blasting device and method

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CN107630128B (en) * 2017-08-07 2019-08-13 蔡晋 A kind of the ladder array formula ultrasonic shot peening intensifying device and method of fan blade
CN110724804B (en) * 2019-11-18 2023-09-26 河南理工大学 Ultrasonic-assisted vibration shot peening strengthening process method for tooth root and tooth surface
CN111926160B (en) * 2020-06-29 2022-03-29 湖南科技大学 Ultrasonic shot blasting device for surface strengthening of cylindrical gear

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