CN113186034A - Method and equipment for extracting aromatic components from citrus peel residues and application of aromatic components - Google Patents
Method and equipment for extracting aromatic components from citrus peel residues and application of aromatic components Download PDFInfo
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- CN113186034A CN113186034A CN202110467069.5A CN202110467069A CN113186034A CN 113186034 A CN113186034 A CN 113186034A CN 202110467069 A CN202110467069 A CN 202110467069A CN 113186034 A CN113186034 A CN 113186034A
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/92—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof
- A61K8/922—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof of vegetable origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
- C11B9/022—Refining
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/10—General cosmetic use
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting aromatic components from citrus peel residues, which comprises the following steps: s1, removing impurities in the fresh orange peel residues; s2, squeezing to obtain leather pulp, and separating the leather pulp from waste residues; s3, separating the essential oil of the light phase and the hydrolat of the heavy phase from the skin pulp and the skin pulp through a vortex separator; s4, preparing the water essential oil by filtering and reverse osmosis of the heavy phase hydrosol. Also discloses an extraction device, which mainly comprises a vortex separator, and the essential oil and the water essential oil in the peel pulp can be decomposed and separated more thoroughly through the vortex separator, so that the aromatic component which is closer to the natural aroma of the orange peels can be obtained. The aromatic component can be widely applied in the fields of food and cosmetics. The invention can fully release the types of the aromatic components and the content of the aromatic components in the skin pulp through the arrangement of the vortex separator, improves the yield of the essential oil and the water essential oil, thereby being convenient for extracting the water essential oil from the hydrolat, reducing the waste and generating good economic value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of extraction of effective components in citrus peel residues, and particularly relates to an extraction method and extraction equipment for aromatic components in citrus peel residues and application of the aromatic components.
Background
At present, the global consumption of oranges is mainly divided into fresh eating, orange juice squeezing, can processing and the like, and a large amount of waste peel and residue are generated in orange processing. With the development of the citrus processing industry, the problem of processing the citrus peel residues is increasingly prominent and gradually attracts attention. The waste of the citrus peel residues not only causes resource waste, but also pollutes and harms the environment, and the citrus peel residues become one of important factors for limiting the scale development of the citrus industry. How to effectively treat the citrus peel residues becomes a problem which needs to be solved urgently.
The essential oil is mainly extracted from the existing citrus peel residues when the essential oil is extracted, the essential oil is an oil-soluble component, and the traditional citrus peel essential oil pressing process generally adopts a needle type or tooth type oil grinding machine or a screw type oil press or a steam distillation method to extract crude oil, and then the crude oil is separated by a disc centrifuge or a plate type separator to obtain the essential oil. The extraction of the essential oil by a butterfly centrifuge or a plate separator is relatively extensive, the types of the aromatic components are difficult to be extracted completely, and the extraction amount of the aromatic components is difficult to be increased. The prior literature shows that the purified dew obtained by separation contains most of characteristic aroma components of citrus peel, which are called water-soluble essential oil and are simply called water essential oil. The aromatic components in the citrus peel residue comprise essential oil and essential oil water, and the essential oil water together form the aromatic components of the citrus peel residue. However, the prior art for water essential oil has no method and equipment for extracting the water essential oil, thereby causing resource waste.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an extraction method and extraction equipment for aromatic components in citrus peel residues and application of the aromatic components, so as to solve the problem of resource waste.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for extracting aromatic components from citrus peel residues comprises the following steps:
s1, removing impurities in the fresh orange peel residues;
s2, squeezing to obtain leather pulp, and separating the leather pulp from waste residues;
s3, separating the essential oil of the light phase and the hydrolat of the heavy phase from the skin pulp and the skin pulp through a vortex separator;
s4, preparing the water essential oil by filtering and reverse osmosis of the heavy phase hydrosol.
In the step S1, impurities in the citrus peel are removed through a vibration bed or other equipment, and in the step S2, the peel is pressed through a presser to obtain peel pulp.
Can effectively release the fragrant component in the skin thick liquid through using the vortex separating centrifuge, improve the extraction yield of fragrant component, through the recovery refining to heavy phase hydrolat, can guarantee that the fragrance component is complete of kind in the oranges and tangerines skin sediment, can guarantee that the original taste of infinitely approaching oranges and tangerines skin sediment after essential oil and water essential oil ratio in proportion has improved user experience and has felt, has practiced thrift the resource.
Further, the light phase essential oil is refined by freezing to obtain the final essential oil product in step S3. The concentration of the extracted essential oil can be refined according to actual conditions to obtain the required concentration.
Further, the vortex separator comprises a vortex separation structure and a vortex acceleration structure; the vortex separation structure comprises a cylinder body generating vortex in the vortex separation structure and an overflow pipe arranged at the upper end of the cylinder body; the vortex acceleration structure comprises a magnetic induction device which is sleeved outside the cylinder and forms a rotating magnetic field in the cylinder, and a plurality of metal balls arranged in the cylinder; the metal ball rotates in the cylinder body along the vortex rotation direction in the cylinder body under the action of the magnetic induction device; the upper part of the cylinder is a cylinder, and the lower part of the cylinder is a cone which is concentrically retracted with the upper part; the overflow pipe vertically penetrates through the middle part of the sealing part, and the lower end of the overflow pipe is arranged in the sleeve; a plurality of liquid inlet holes are uniformly formed in the wall of the cylinder outside the sleeve, and the liquid inlet holes are tangent to the inner cavity of the cylinder, so that the leather pulp passes through the liquid inlet holes under the pressurization effect and forms a vortex in the cylinder; the magnetic induction device is arranged in the middle of the cone, a sieve plate through which heavy phase pure dew passes is transversely arranged at the lower end of the cone, and a plurality of metal balls are limited in the cylinder body through the sieve plate; the light phase essential oil flows out through an overflow pipe, and the heavy phase hydrosol is discharged through the bottom of the barrel body.
The liquid inlet hole is tangent to the inner cavity of the cylinder, so that the leather pulp can be ensured to naturally form vortex when entering the inner cavity of the cylinder, and meanwhile, the leather pulp enters from the space between the sleeve and the wall of the cylinder and cannot influence the overflow effect of the overflow pipe. Through setting up magnetism and feeling the device and with a plurality of metal balls of magnetism sense device complex, the magnetism feels the device can form rotatory magnetic field in the intracavity of centrum, and a plurality of metal balls revolve from the bottommost under the drive of initial vortex, in order to form more suitable vortex, make the comprehensive release of fragrant component in the skin thick liquid, the metal ball rotation under the effect of rotating magnetic field, simultaneously under the vortex effect, the metal ball is close to the inner chamber wall of cylinder. Through the rotating magnetic field that sets up the magnetic induction device, guarantee simultaneously that the rotation direction of metal ball is unanimous with the direction of rotation of vortex to improve the centrifugal force of whole skin thick liquid, improved the separation degree of essential oil and water essential oil in the skin thick liquid, ensured the essential oil come-up, water essential oil dispersion is in the hydrolat. The flow speed of the pure dew can be controlled by arranging the sieve plate.
Further, a plurality of arc-shaped blades are vertically arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve, and the pressurized leather pulp passes through the liquid inlet hole and then downwards forms a rotating vortex along the arc-shaped blades; the top of the sleeve is provided with an ultrasonic generator which is fixedly arranged on the bottom wall of the sealing part; the lower end of the overflow pipe is vertically provided with a plurality of overflow holes; a spiral line in which the metal balls ascend along the vortex rotation direction is arranged on the inner wall of the cone above the sieve plate, and the top of the spiral line extends to the position between the magnetic induction devices; the magnetic induction device comprises a shell sleeved outside the vertebral body, an annular iron core arranged on the shell and sleeved outside the vertebral body, and three-phase symmetrical windings arranged on the annular iron core; the three symmetrical windings are connected in star and are electrified with three alternating currents to generate a rotating magnetic field, and the rotating magnetic field cuts the metal ball so as to rotate the metal ball; the shell of the cylinder body is made of non-metallic materials.
The invention also relates to equipment for extracting the aromatic components from the citrus peel residues, which comprises a squeezer, a peel pulp buffer tank, a pump, a vortex separator, an essential oil storage tank, a hydrolat storage tank and refined water essential oil refining equipment; the peel pulp of the citrus peel residues after being squeezed by a squeezer enters a peel pulp buffer tank, the peel pulp in the peel pulp buffer tank is pumped into a vortex separator by a pump, light-phase essential oil and heavy-phase hydrolat are separated by the vortex separator, the light-phase essential oil enters an essential oil storage tank for storage, the heavy-phase hydrolat enters a hydrolat storage tank for storage, and the hydrolat is prepared into water essential oil by refining equipment;
the vortex separator comprises a vortex separation structure and a vortex acceleration structure; the vortex separation structure comprises a cylinder body generating vortex in the vortex separation structure and an overflow pipe arranged at the upper end of the cylinder body; the vortex acceleration structure comprises a magnetic induction device which is sleeved outside the cylinder and forms a rotating magnetic field in the cylinder, and a plurality of metal balls arranged in the cylinder; the metal ball rotates in the cylinder body along the vortex rotation direction in the cylinder body under the action of the magnetic induction device; the upper part of the cylinder is a cylinder, and the lower part of the cylinder is a cone which is concentrically retracted with the upper part; the overflow pipe vertically penetrates through the middle part of the sealing part, and the lower end of the overflow pipe is arranged in the sleeve; a plurality of liquid inlet holes are uniformly formed in the wall of the cylinder outside the sleeve, and the liquid inlet holes are tangent to the inner cavity of the cylinder, so that the leather pulp passes through the liquid inlet holes under the pressurization effect and forms a vortex in the cylinder; the magnetic induction device is arranged in the middle of the cone, a sieve plate through which heavy phase pure dew passes is transversely arranged at the lower end of the cone, and a plurality of metal balls are limited in the cylinder body through the sieve plate; the light phase essential oil is discharged into the essential oil storage box through an overflow pipe, and the heavy phase hydrolat enters the hydrolat storage box through the bottom of the barrel body for storage.
By arranging the vortex separator on the aroma component extraction line, the aroma components can be quickly extracted, and the content and the types of the aroma components are improved.
Further, the magnetic induction device comprises a shell sleeved outside the vertebral body, an annular iron core arranged on the shell and sleeved outside the vertebral body, and three-phase symmetrical windings arranged on the annular iron core; the three symmetrical windings are connected in star and are electrified with three alternating currents to generate a rotating magnetic field, and the rotating magnetic field cuts the metal ball so as to rotate the metal ball.
The magnetic induction device is provided with three-phase symmetrical windings and is driven by three AC power for industrial use, so that the vortex separator is more reasonable in design and more convenient to use. Of course, the magnetic induction device can also generate a rotating magnetic field by arranging a plurality of pairs of mutually symmetrical windings.
Further, the shell of the cylinder body is made of non-metal materials. The cylinder can be made of industrial plastics to prevent the magnetic induction lines from being shielded.
Further, a plurality of arc-shaped blades are vertically arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve, and the pressurized leather pulp passes through the liquid inlet hole and then forms a rotating vortex downwards along the arc-shaped blades. Through setting up arc blade, can effectively improve the formation of skin thick liquid vortex.
Further, an ultrasonic generator is arranged at the top of the sleeve and fixedly arranged on the bottom wall of the sealing part. By arranging the ultrasonic generator, the vibration of molecules in the leather pulp can be aggravated, the extraction of aromatic components in the leather pulp is effectively promoted, the essential oil and the essence oil can be effectively separated, and the types and the content of the aromatic components are improved.
Furthermore, a plurality of overflow holes are vertically formed in the lower end of the overflow pipe.
Furthermore, a spiral line in which the metal balls ascend along the vortex rotation direction is arranged on the inner wall of the cone above the sieve plate, and the top of the spiral line extends to the position between the magnetic induction devices. Through establishing the helix at the centrum bottom, when forming the vortex in the centrum, the metal ball can be along the helix around to the magnetism and feel between the device, has guaranteed the rotational speed of metal ball to the rotational speed of vortex has been improved.
The invention also provides application of aromatic components in the orange peel residue in food or cosmetics, wherein the weight component ratio of the refined essential oil to the water essential oil is 1-2: 30-100. The ratio of the essential oil to the water essential oil is within the range, the fragrance difference with natural orange peel is minimum, and the natural orange fragrance can be reduced to the maximum extent. Has wide application in the fields of food and cosmetics.
When the vortex separator is used, the leather pulp is pressurized to enter the inner cavity of the cylinder body through the liquid inlet hole, the liquid inlet hole is tangent to the inner cavity of the cylinder body, the leather pulp forms a vortex after entering the inner cavity of the cylinder body, the lower part of the cylinder body is a cone body, the vortex facilitates the formation of the vortex, the vortex drives the metal ball at the bottom of the cone body to rotate, the metal ball rises along a spiral line at the bottom of the cone body or rotates and rises under the driving of the vortex, when the metal ball enters the induction range of a rotating magnetic field of the magnetic induction device, the metal ball rotates in the same direction as the rotation direction of the vortex, so that the rotation speed of the vortex is increased, the centrifugal force of the vortex is increased, aromatic components are better released, and essential oil and water essential oil are convenient to separate and layer. Meanwhile, the top of the cylinder body is also provided with an ultrasonic generator which is opposite to the leather pulp in the cylinder body, and the release of the aromatic components and the separation of the essential oil and the water essential oil are promoted under the action of the ultrasonic generator. After the essential oil and the essential oil water are separated, the essential oil rises to the interior of the sleeve and is discharged from the overflow pipe. Because the feed liquor hole sets up in telescopic one side, so can not influence the essential oil at vortex middle part from the skin thick liquid that the feed liquor hole got into the barrel, essential oil floats up naturally in the sleeve and flows out from the overflow pipe. The liquid inlet amount of the liquid inlet hole, the liquid outlet amount of the lower part of the cone and the liquid outlet amount of the overflow pipe are designed to ensure that the skin pulp enters the barrel through the liquid inlet hole to be pressurized and filled with the barrel, so that the essential oil is ensured to flow out of the overflow pipe, and meanwhile, the pure dew is discharged from the bottom of the cone.
The extraction method and the extraction equipment have the following beneficial effects:
1) compared with the traditional distillation method, the method has the advantages that the essential oil and the water essential oil extracted by the method are operated at normal temperature, and the aroma quality of the aromatic components is better and closer to the natural aroma.
2) Compared with the traditional cold pressing method, the method greatly saves water and electricity consumption and greatly reduces the generation of wastes.
3) The produced essential oil and the essential water oil have certain complementarity of the odor type and the aroma note of the two, and the natural citrus fragrance is restored by the blending department, so that the essential water oil has the advantages that the products obtained by other methods cannot realize.
4) Through the setting of vortex separating centrifuge, can fully release the kind of the aromatic component in the skin thick liquid and the content of aromatic component, improved the output of essential oil and water essential oil to be convenient for extract water essential oil from the hydrolat, reduced the waste, and can produce good economic value.
Drawings
The contents of the description and the references in the drawings are briefly described as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vortex separator;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic induction device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the extraction apparatus;
FIG. 5 is a chromatogram of the substance type and content of essential oil extracted by conventional method;
FIG. 6 is a chromatogram of the substance type and content of the essential oil extracted in the example;
FIG. 7 is a chromatogram of the species and content of water essential oil in wastewater removed by a conventional method;
FIG. 8 is a chromatogram of the substance type and content of the water essential oil extracted in the example;
FIG. 9 is a radar chart of the ratio of essential oil to essential oil in water after refining in the example;
in the figure: 1 is the overflow pipe, 2 is the metal ball, 3 is the cylinder, 4 is the centrum, 5 is the sealing, 6 is the sleeve, 7 is the feed liquor hole, 8 is the sieve, 9 is the blade, 10 is supersonic generator, 11 is the helix, 12 is the casing, 13 is the iron core, 14 is the winding, 15 is the squeezer, 16 is the skin thick liquid buffer tank, 17 is the pump, 18 is the essential oil storage box, 19 is the pure dew storage box, 20 is refining equipment, 21 is the vortex separation machine.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further elucidated with reference to the following non-limiting embodiment in which the drawing is combined. It should be understood that these descriptions are only illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the method for extracting the aromatic components from the citrus peel residues comprises the following steps:
s1, removing impurities in the fresh orange peel residues through a vibration bed or other equipment;
s2, squeezing to obtain leather pulp, and separating the leather pulp from waste residues;
s3, separating the light-phase essential oil and the heavy-phase hydrosol from the skin pulp and the skin pulp through a vortex separator 21, wherein the light-phase essential oil is prepared into a final essential oil product through refrigeration and refining;
s4, preparing the water essential oil by filtering and reverse osmosis of the heavy phase hydrosol.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, to realize the above steps, the extraction is realized by an extraction device comprising a squeezer 15, a peel pulp buffer tank 16, a pump 17, a vortex separator 21, an essential oil storage tank 18, a hydrolat storage tank 19 and a refined water essential oil refining device 20; the peel pulp of the citrus peel residues after being squeezed by a squeezer 15 enters a peel pulp buffer tank 16, the peel pulp in the peel pulp buffer tank 16 is pumped into a vortex separator 21 through a pump 17, the light-phase essential oil and the heavy-phase hydrosol are separated out through the vortex separator 21, the light-phase essential oil enters an essential oil storage tank 18 for storage, the heavy-phase hydrosol enters a hydrosol storage tank 19 for storage, and the hydrosol is prepared into water essential oil through a refining device 20;
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the vortex separator 21 includes a vortex separation structure and a vortex acceleration structure; the vortex separation structure comprises a cylinder body generating vortex in the vortex separation structure and an overflow pipe 1 arranged at the upper end of the cylinder body; the vortex accelerating structure comprises a magnetic induction device which is sleeved outside the cylinder and forms a rotating magnetic field in the cylinder, and a plurality of metal balls 2 which are arranged in the cylinder; the metal ball 2 rotates in the cylinder body along the vortex rotation direction in the cylinder body under the action of the magnetic induction device; the upper part of the cylinder is a cylinder 3, and the lower part of the cylinder is a cone 4 which is concentrically retracted with the upper part; a sealing part 5 for sealing the opening end is arranged at the opening end of the column body 3, a sleeve 6 sleeved in the column body 3 is vertically arranged at the lower end of the sealing part 5, the overflow pipe 1 vertically penetrates through the middle part of the sealing part 5, and the lower end of the overflow pipe is arranged in the sleeve 6; a plurality of liquid inlet holes 7 are uniformly formed in the wall of the cylinder 3 outside the sleeve 6, and the liquid inlet holes 7 are tangent to the inner cavity of the cylinder 3, so that the leather pulp passes through the liquid inlet holes 7 under the pressurization effect and forms a vortex in the cylinder; the magnetic induction device is arranged in the middle of the cone 4, a sieve plate 8 through which heavy phase pure dew passes is transversely arranged at the lower end of the cone 4, and a plurality of metal balls 2 are limited in the cylinder body through the sieve plate 8; the light phase essential oil is discharged into an essential oil storage box 18 through an overflow pipe 1, and the heavy phase hydrolat enters a hydrolat storage box 19 through the bottom of the barrel body for storage.
As shown in fig. 3, the magnetic induction device includes a housing 12 sleeved outside the vertebral body 4, an annular iron core 13 disposed on the housing 12 and sleeved outside the vertebral body 4, and a three-phase symmetrical winding 14 disposed on the annular iron core 13; the three symmetrical windings 14 are connected in star and are electrified with three alternating currents to generate a rotating magnetic field, and the rotating magnetic field cuts the metal ball 2 so as to enable the metal ball 2 to rotate. The shell of the cylinder body is made of non-metallic materials. As shown in figure 1, a plurality of arc-shaped blades 9 are vertically arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve 6, and the pressurized leather pulp passes through the liquid inlet hole 7 and then forms a rotating vortex downwards along the arc-shaped blades 9. An ultrasonic generator 10 is arranged on the top of the sleeve 6, and the ultrasonic generator 10 is fixedly arranged on the bottom wall of the sealing part 5. The lower end of the overflow pipe 1 is vertically provided with a plurality of overflow holes. As shown in fig. 2, a spiral line 11 that the metal ball 2 ascends along the vortex rotation direction is arranged on the inner wall of the cone 4 above the sieve plate 8, and the top of the spiral line 11 extends to between the magnetic induction devices.
FIG. 6 shows a chromatogram of the essential oil substance types and contents obtained in this example; as shown in fig. 8, is a chromatogram of the species and content of the essential oil obtained in this example. The aroma components of fig. 5 and 7 are prepared by a conventional disk centrifuge, wherein fig. 5 is a chromatogram of the species and content of essential oil obtained in a conventional manner, and a graph of the species and content of essential oil in wastewater separated from the conventional disk centrifuge. As can be seen from the comparative analysis of fig. 5 and 6, the substances at the two ends in fig. 6 are more abundant than those at the two ends in fig. 5, and the whole content is higher than that in fig. 5, so that it can be seen that the fragrance and the note of the essential oil separated by the vortex separator 21 are better than those of the conventional essential oil. As can be seen by comparing FIG. 7 with FIG. 8, the water essential oil prepared by the embodiment of the invention has richer substance types in the back end than the water essential oil prepared by the conventional method in FIG. 7 and higher overall content, so that the fragrance and aroma of the water essential oil separated by the vortex separator 21 are better than those of the conventional water essential oil. And as can be seen by comparing fig. 6 with fig. 8, the types and contents of the essential oil and the essential water oil are relatively close, so that the recovery of the essential water oil in the wastewater is extremely beneficial.
The conditions for preparing the essential oil and the water essential oil in the above examples and the conventional manner are the same except that the vortex separator 21 and the disk separator are respectively adopted.
As shown in fig. 9, the natural fragrance very close to orange peel can be obtained by mixing the essential oil and water essential oil prepared in this example in proportion. The numbers 1-7 on the radar chart are sensory scores, 7 being the best and 1 being the worst. The fragrance quality is composed of various fragrance attributes together, and the enclosed closed polygon is called a fragrance profile. The more the profile of the compound sample is close to the fragrance profile of the natural orange peel, the better the fragrance quality of the compound sample is. The optimal weight ratio of the refined essential oil to the essential oil water is 1-2: 30-100, can be widely applied in the fields of food and cosmetics.
The above examples are to be construed as merely illustrative and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure. After reading the description of the invention, the skilled person can make various changes or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent changes and modifications also fall into the scope of the invention defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for extracting aromatic components from citrus peel residues is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, removing impurities in the fresh orange peel residues;
s2, squeezing to obtain leather pulp, and separating the leather pulp from waste residues;
s3, separating the essential oil of the light phase and the hydrolat of the heavy phase from the skin pulp and the skin pulp through a vortex separator (21);
s4, preparing the water essential oil by filtering and reverse osmosis of the heavy phase hydrosol.
2. The extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the vortex separator (21) comprises a vortex separation structure and a vortex acceleration structure; the vortex separation structure comprises a cylinder body generating vortex in the vortex separation structure and an overflow pipe (1) arranged at the upper end of the cylinder body; the vortex accelerating structure comprises a magnetic induction device which is sleeved outside the cylinder and forms a rotating magnetic field in the cylinder, and a plurality of metal balls (2) arranged in the cylinder; the metal ball (2) rotates in the cylinder body along the vortex rotation direction in the cylinder body under the action of the magnetic induction device; the upper part of the cylinder body is a cylinder (3), and the lower part of the cylinder body is a cone (4) which is concentrically retracted with the upper part; a sealing part (5) for sealing the opening end is arranged at the opening end of the cylinder body (3), a sleeve (6) sleeved in the cylinder body (3) is vertically arranged at the lower end of the sealing part (5), the overflow pipe (1) vertically penetrates through the middle part of the sealing part (5), and the lower end of the overflow pipe is arranged in the sleeve (6); a plurality of liquid inlet holes (7) are uniformly formed in the wall of the cylinder (3) on the outer side of the sleeve (6), and the liquid inlet holes (7) are tangent to the inner cavity of the cylinder (3) so that the leather pulp forms a vortex in the cylinder after passing through the liquid inlet holes (7) under the pressurization effect; the magnetic induction device is arranged in the middle of the cone body (4), a heavy phase pure dew passing sieve plate (8) is transversely arranged at the lower end of the cone body (4), and the metal balls (2) are limited in the cylinder body through the sieve plate (8); the light phase essential oil flows out through the overflow pipe (1), and the heavy phase hydrosol is discharged through the bottom of the barrel body.
3. The extraction method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that a plurality of arc-shaped blades (9) are vertically arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve (6), and the pressurized skin slurry passes through the liquid inlet hole (7) and then forms a rotating vortex downwards along the arc-shaped blades (9); an ultrasonic generator (10) is arranged at the top of the sleeve (6), and the ultrasonic generator (10) is fixedly arranged on the bottom wall of the sealing part (5); the lower end of the overflow pipe (1) is vertically provided with a plurality of overflow holes; a spiral line (11) of which the metal ball (2) rises along the vortex rotation direction is arranged on the inner wall of the cone body (4) above the sieve plate (8), and the top of the spiral line (11) extends to the position between the magnetic induction devices; the magnetic induction device comprises a shell (12) sleeved outside the cone (4), an annular iron core (13) arranged on the shell (12) and sleeved outside the cone (4), and three-phase symmetrical windings (14) arranged on the annular iron core (13); the three symmetrical windings (14) are connected in star and are electrified with three alternating currents to generate a rotating magnetic field, and the rotating magnetic field cuts the metal ball (2) so as to enable the metal ball (2) to rotate; the shell of the cylinder body is made of non-metallic materials.
4. An extraction device for aromatic components in citrus peel residues is characterized by comprising a squeezer (15), a peel pulp buffer tank (16), a pump (17), a vortex separator (21), an essential oil storage tank (18), a hydrolat storage tank (19) and a refined water essential oil refining device (20); peel pulp of citrus peel residues squeezed by a squeezer (15) enters a peel pulp buffer tank (16), a peel pulp pump (17) in the peel pulp buffer tank (16) enters a vortex separator (21) through the pump (17), light-phase essential oil and heavy-phase hydrolat are separated through the vortex separator (21), the light-phase essential oil enters an essential oil storage tank (18) for storage, the heavy-phase hydrolat enters a hydrolat storage tank (19) for storage, and the hydrolat is prepared into water essential oil through refining equipment (20);
the vortex separator (21) comprises a vortex separation structure and a vortex acceleration structure; the vortex separation structure comprises a cylinder body generating vortex in the vortex separation structure and an overflow pipe (1) arranged at the upper end of the cylinder body; the vortex accelerating structure comprises a magnetic induction device which is sleeved outside the cylinder and forms a rotating magnetic field in the cylinder, and a plurality of metal balls (2) arranged in the cylinder; the metal ball (2) rotates in the cylinder body along the vortex rotation direction in the cylinder body under the action of the magnetic induction device; the upper part of the cylinder body is a cylinder (3), and the lower part of the cylinder body is a cone (4) which is concentrically retracted with the upper part; a sealing part (5) for sealing the opening end is arranged at the opening end of the cylinder body (3), a sleeve (6) sleeved in the cylinder body (3) is vertically arranged at the lower end of the sealing part (5), the overflow pipe (1) vertically penetrates through the middle part of the sealing part (5), and the lower end of the overflow pipe is arranged in the sleeve (6); a plurality of liquid inlet holes (7) are uniformly formed in the wall of the cylinder (3) on the outer side of the sleeve (6), and the liquid inlet holes (7) are tangent to the inner cavity of the cylinder (3) so that the leather pulp forms a vortex in the cylinder after passing through the liquid inlet holes (7) under the pressurization effect; the magnetic induction device is arranged in the middle of the cone body (4), a heavy phase pure dew passing sieve plate (8) is transversely arranged at the lower end of the cone body (4), and the metal balls (2) are limited in the cylinder body through the sieve plate (8); the light phase essential oil is discharged into an essential oil storage box (18) through an overflow pipe (1), and the heavy phase hydrolat enters a hydrolat storage box (19) through the bottom of the barrel body for storage.
5. The extraction equipment according to claim 4, wherein the magnetic induction device comprises a shell (12) sleeved outside the cone (4), an annular iron core (13) arranged on the shell (12) and sleeved outside the cone (4), and three-phase symmetrical windings (14) arranged on the annular iron core (13); the three symmetrical windings (14) are connected in star and are electrified with three alternating currents to generate a rotating magnetic field, and the rotating magnetic field cuts the metal ball (2) so as to enable the metal ball (2) to rotate.
6. The extraction apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein said cartridge housing is made of a non-metallic material.
7. Extraction device according to claim 4, characterized in that an ultrasonic generator (10) is arranged on top of the sleeve (6), said ultrasonic generator (10) being fixedly arranged on the bottom wall of the sealing portion (5).
8. The extraction apparatus as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that a plurality of arcuate blades (9) are arranged vertically on the outer wall of the jacket (6), and the pressurized mash passes through the inlet opening (7) and then forms a rotating vortex downwards along the arcuate blades (9).
9. An extraction apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that a spiral (11) of metal balls (2) rising in the direction of the vortex rotation is arranged on the inner wall of the cone (4) above the sieve plate (8), the top of said spiral (11) extending between the magnetic induction means.
10. The application of aromatic components in the citrus peel residues in food or cosmetics is characterized in that the weight ratio of refined essential oil to water essential oil is (1-2): 30-100.
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