CN113185819A - Green biodegradable plastic film and energy-saving processing technology thereof - Google Patents
Green biodegradable plastic film and energy-saving processing technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2303/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08J2303/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08J2403/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2423/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2423/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2423/06—Polyethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2467/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2467/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of plastic films, and provides a green biodegradable plastic film and an energy-saving processing technology thereof, wherein raw materials comprising 60-110 parts of polylactic acid, 60-110 parts of starch, 20-30 parts of polyethylene, 10-20 parts of polybutylene succinate, 5-8 parts of plant fiber and 1-3 parts of plasticizer are adopted in the component ratio, and the polylactic acid, the starch, the polyethylene, the polybutylene succinate, the plant fiber and the plasticizer are weighed according to the mass fraction and are stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain a mixture; adding the mixture from a feeding port of a single-screw extruder, sampling from an outlet of the extruder, and performing extrusion granulation at 170-230 ℃ to obtain a biodegradable composition; and carrying out blow molding or tape casting on the biodegradable composition to prepare the green biodegradable plastic film.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plastic films, and particularly relates to a green biodegradable plastic film and an energy-saving processing technology thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of plastic industry, plastics bring convenience to the life of people and bring environmental problems. In order to avoid the pollution problem of plastics, the development of the plastic industry in the aspects of greenization, reduction, recyclability and the like is promoted to become a problem to be solved urgently in the whole society.
The degradable plastic is one of the main ways for solving the problem of environmental pollution in the current plastic industry, the material can be used for daily necessities and industrial purposes, and mainly comprises express bags, packaging films, agricultural films, disposable plastic bags, disposable plastic tableware and the like, the material not only meets the use requirements of various properties, but also has unchanged properties in the guarantee period, and can be completely degraded into substances harmless to the environment in the natural environment after use; the partially degradable film adopts Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) as a main component, and the Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) is a block polymer between common rubber and plastic, has no toxicity, excellent biocompatibility, thermoplastic processability, excellent mechanical properties, wear resistance, oil resistance, low temperature resistance and the like, so that the Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) is widely applied to industrial fields, daily life and other related products. But the application range is limited due to the defects of low strength, slow biodegradation rate and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a green biodegradable plastic film and an energy-saving processing technology thereof, aiming at solving the problems in the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following green biodegradable plastic film which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60-110 parts of polylactic acid, 60-110 parts of starch, 20-30 parts of polyethylene, 10-20 parts of polybutylene succinate, 5-8 parts of plant fiber and 1-3 parts of plasticizer.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 80 parts of polylactic acid, 80 parts of starch, 25 parts of polyethylene, 15 parts of polybutylene succinate, 7 parts of plant fiber and 2 parts of plasticizer.
Preferably, the starch is corn starch.
Preferably, the plant fiber is prepared from corn straws.
The invention also provides an energy-saving processing technology of any one of the green biodegradable plastic films, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing polylactic acid, starch, polyethylene, polybutylene succinate, plant fiber and a plasticizer according to the mass fraction, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixture;
s2, adding the mixture from a feed inlet of the single-screw extruder, sampling from an outlet of the extruder, and performing extrusion granulation at 170-230 ℃ to obtain the biodegradable composition;
s3, carrying out blow molding or tape casting on the biodegradable composition to obtain the green biodegradable plastic film.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the green biodegradable plastic film and the energy-saving processing technology thereof are characterized in that raw materials comprising 60-110 parts of polylactic acid, 60-110 parts of starch, 20-30 parts of polyethylene, 10-20 parts of polybutylene succinate, 5-8 parts of plant fiber and 1-3 parts of plasticizer are adopted, and the film is prepared by one-step extrusion granulation and molding, so that a film product with high strength and high biodegradation rate is prepared.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the energy-saving processing technology of the green biodegradable plastic film of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a technical scheme: the formula of the green biodegradable plastic film comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 80 parts of polylactic acid, 80 parts of starch, 25 parts of polyethylene, 15 parts of polybutylene succinate, 7 parts of plant fiber and 2 parts of plasticizer.
Wherein the starch is corn starch.
Specifically, polylactic acid, called polylactide, is a polyester polymer obtained by polymerizing lactic acid as a main raw material, and is a novel biodegradable material. The biodegradable plastic has good biodegradability, can be completely degraded by microorganisms in the nature after being used, finally generates carbon dioxide and water, does not pollute the environment, is very favorable for protecting the environment, and is a well-known environment-friendly material. The common plastic treatment method still burns and cremates to cause a large amount of greenhouse gases to be discharged into the air, while the polylactic acid plastic is buried in the soil to be degraded, and the generated carbon dioxide directly enters organic matters of the soil or is absorbed by plants, so that the carbon dioxide is not discharged into the air and does not cause the greenhouse effect.
The common starch has a particle size of about 25um, can be used as a filler for preparing a degradable composite material, and can also be used for preparing degradable plastics through certain modification treatment. The degradation is mainly in the following forms:
(1) the physical action of organisms, the mechanical destruction of materials due to the growth of biological cells;
(2) biochemical action of the organism, the microorganism acts on the material to generate new substances;
(3) the direct action of the enzyme, the microorganisms attack some components of the material product and cause the material to break down.
Polyethylene is a thermoplastic resin obtained by polymerizing ethylene. In industry, copolymers of ethylene with small amounts of alpha-olefins are also included. The polyethylene is odorless and nontoxic, feels like wax, has excellent low-temperature resistance (the lowest use temperature can reach-100 to-70 ℃), has good chemical stability, and can resist corrosion of most of acid and alkali (cannot resist acid with oxidation property). Is insoluble in common solvents at room temperature, has low water absorption and excellent electrical insulation.
Polybutylene succinate is a high molecular compound. Is a white semi-crystalline polymer. Is easily soluble in chloroform, slightly soluble in tetrahydrofuran, and hardly soluble in water, methanol or ethanol. According to different molecular structures and molecular weights, the crystallinity ranges from 30% to 60%, and the crystallization temperature is 75 ℃. The structural unit of the organic fertilizer contains ester group which is easy to hydrolyze, and the organic fertilizer is easy to be decomposed and substituted by various microorganisms in nature or enzymes in animals and plants under the condition that compost and the like are contacted with specific microorganismsMetabolizing to form CO2And H2O, thereby avoiding polluting the environment.
Plant fiber is a sclerenchyma tissue widely distributed in seed plants. Its cells are slender, sharp at both ends, with thick secondary walls, often with single-grain pores, and generally without live protoplasts at maturity. The plant fiber is filamentous or floccule formed by combining cellulose and various nutrient substances, and has the functions of supporting, connecting, wrapping, filling and the like on plants. The plant fiber is applied to plastic products, so that the structural strength and the tensile resistance of the plastic film can be effectively improved. In this embodiment, the plant fiber is prepared from corn straw.
Plasticizers are additives for polymer materials, which are widely used in industrial production, and are also called plasticizers. Any substance added to a polymeric material that increases the plasticity of the polymer is called a plasticizer. The plasticizer can improve the performance of the high polymer material, reduce the production cost and improve the production benefit.
Referring to fig. 1, a plastic film is then prepared according to the following steps:
s1, weighing polylactic acid, starch, polyethylene, polybutylene succinate, plant fiber and a plasticizer according to the mass fraction, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixture;
s2, adding the mixture from the feed inlet of the single-screw extruder, sampling from the outlet of the extruder, and performing extrusion granulation at the temperature of 170-230 ℃ to obtain the biodegradable composition;
s3, carrying out blow molding or tape casting on the biodegradable composition to obtain the green biodegradable plastic film.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a technical solution: the formula of the green biodegradable plastic film comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60 parts of polylactic acid, 100 parts of starch, 25 parts of polyethylene, 15 parts of polybutylene succinate, 7 parts of plant fiber and 2 parts of plasticizer.
Wherein the starch is corn starch. The plant fiber is prepared from corn straw.
Then preparing the plastic film according to the following steps:
s1, weighing polylactic acid, starch, polyethylene, polybutylene succinate, plant fiber and a plasticizer according to the mass fraction, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixture;
s2, adding the mixture from a feed inlet of the single-screw extruder, sampling from an outlet of the extruder, and performing extrusion granulation at 170-230 ℃ to obtain the biodegradable composition;
s3, carrying out blow molding or tape casting on the biodegradable composition to obtain the green biodegradable plastic film.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a technical solution: the formula of the green biodegradable plastic film comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70 parts of polylactic acid, 90 parts of starch, 25 parts of polyethylene, 15 parts of polybutylene succinate, 7 parts of plant fiber and 2 parts of plasticizer.
Wherein the starch is corn starch. The plant fiber is prepared from corn straw.
Then preparing the plastic film according to the following steps:
s1, weighing polylactic acid, starch, polyethylene, polybutylene succinate, plant fiber and a plasticizer according to the mass fraction, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixture;
s2, adding the mixture from a feed inlet of the single-screw extruder, sampling from an outlet of the extruder, and performing extrusion granulation at 170-230 ℃ to obtain the biodegradable composition;
s3, carrying out blow molding or tape casting on the biodegradable composition to obtain the green biodegradable plastic film.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a technical solution: the formula of the green biodegradable plastic film comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 90 parts of polylactic acid, 70 parts of starch, 25 parts of polyethylene, 15 parts of polybutylene succinate, 7 parts of plant fiber and 2 parts of plasticizer.
Wherein the starch is corn starch. The plant fiber is prepared from corn straw.
Then preparing the plastic film according to the following steps:
s1, weighing polylactic acid, starch, polyethylene, polybutylene succinate, plant fiber and a plasticizer according to the mass fraction, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixture;
s2, adding the mixture from a feed inlet of the single-screw extruder, sampling from an outlet of the extruder, and performing extrusion granulation at 170-230 ℃ to obtain the biodegradable composition;
s3, carrying out blow molding or tape casting on the biodegradable composition to obtain the green biodegradable plastic film.
Example 5
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a technical solution: the formula of the green biodegradable plastic film comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 100 parts of polylactic acid, 60 parts of starch, 25 parts of polyethylene, 15 parts of polybutylene succinate, 7 parts of plant fiber and 2 parts of plasticizer.
Wherein the starch is corn starch. The plant fiber is prepared from corn straw.
Then preparing the plastic film according to the following steps:
s1, weighing polylactic acid, starch, polyethylene, polybutylene succinate, plant fiber and a plasticizer according to the mass fraction, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixture;
s2, adding the mixture from a feed inlet of the single-screw extruder, sampling from an outlet of the extruder, and performing extrusion granulation at 170-230 ℃ to obtain the biodegradable composition;
s3, carrying out blow molding or tape casting on the biodegradable composition to obtain the green biodegradable plastic film.
The performance parameter test data for the plastic films prepared in examples 1-5 are shown in Table 1 below:
TABLE 1
The green biodegradable plastic film and the energy-saving processing technology thereof are characterized in that raw materials comprising 60-110 parts of polylactic acid, 60-110 parts of starch, 20-30 parts of polyethylene, 10-20 parts of polybutylene succinate, 5-8 parts of plant fiber and 1-3 parts of plasticizer are adopted, and the film is prepared by one-step extrusion granulation and molding, so that a film product with high strength and high biodegradation rate is prepared.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The green biodegradable plastic film is characterized in that: the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60-110 parts of polylactic acid, 60-110 parts of starch, 20-30 parts of polyethylene, 10-20 parts of polybutylene succinate, 5-8 parts of plant fiber and 1-3 parts of plasticizer.
2. The green biodegradable plastic film according to claim 1, characterized in that: the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 80 parts of polylactic acid, 80 parts of starch, 25 parts of polyethylene, 15 parts of polybutylene succinate, 7 parts of plant fiber and 2 parts of plasticizer.
3. The green biodegradable plastic film according to claim 1, characterized in that: the starch is corn starch.
4. The green biodegradable plastic film according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plant fiber is prepared from corn straws.
5. The energy-saving processing technology of green biodegradable plastic film as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing polylactic acid, starch, polyethylene, polybutylene succinate, plant fiber and a plasticizer according to the mass fraction, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixture;
s2, adding the mixture from a feed inlet of the single-screw extruder, sampling from an outlet of the extruder, and performing extrusion granulation at 170-230 ℃ to obtain the biodegradable composition;
s3, carrying out blow molding or tape casting on the biodegradable composition to obtain the green biodegradable plastic film.
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| CN202110448359.5A CN113185819A (en) | 2021-04-25 | 2021-04-25 | Green biodegradable plastic film and energy-saving processing technology thereof |
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| CN202110448359.5A CN113185819A (en) | 2021-04-25 | 2021-04-25 | Green biodegradable plastic film and energy-saving processing technology thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113789038A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-14 | 厦门市均诚塑胶科技有限公司 | Naturally degradable plastic bag and production process thereof |
| CN113956645A (en) * | 2021-12-11 | 2022-01-21 | 深圳市梓健生物科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly virus sampling tube and preparation method thereof |
| CN114836015A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-08-02 | 嘉兴华悦包装用品有限公司 | Formula and production process of degradable plastic bag |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113789038A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-14 | 厦门市均诚塑胶科技有限公司 | Naturally degradable plastic bag and production process thereof |
| CN113789038B (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2023-10-10 | 厦门市均诚塑胶科技有限公司 | Natural degradable plastic bag and production process thereof |
| CN113956645A (en) * | 2021-12-11 | 2022-01-21 | 深圳市梓健生物科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly virus sampling tube and preparation method thereof |
| CN114836015A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-08-02 | 嘉兴华悦包装用品有限公司 | Formula and production process of degradable plastic bag |
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