CN113184083A - Discrete layout assembling method for automobile assembly line - Google Patents
Discrete layout assembling method for automobile assembly line Download PDFInfo
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- CN113184083A CN113184083A CN202110598076.9A CN202110598076A CN113184083A CN 113184083 A CN113184083 A CN 113184083A CN 202110598076 A CN202110598076 A CN 202110598076A CN 113184083 A CN113184083 A CN 113184083A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D65/00—Designing, manufacturing, e.g. assembling, facilitating disassembly, or structurally modifying motor vehicles or trailers, not otherwise provided for
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a discrete layout assembly method of an automobile general assembly line, which comprises the steps of setting a plurality of assembly workstations with relatively fixed positions according to automobile assembly requirements and production rhythm requirements, realizing an assembly mode based on regions, discretely arranging the plurality of assembly workstations, forming production equipment with similar functions by each assembly workstation, building a production organization according to space and administrative management, arranging the positions of the production equipment of the discrete layout assembly workstations according to a technological requirement flow of automobile part assembly to design an assembly production line, circulating products in the assembly production line by automatic handling equipment, and assisting automobile assembly full-period management and control of product development, order management, production progress, material configuration, assembly verification and production process tracing according to instructions of a management system. The invention is suitable for market demands of future personalized and customized products, and has the advantages of reducing distribution cost of assembly materials and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of discrete manufacturing, in particular to a discrete layout assembling method for an automobile general assembly line.
Background
In the past, an assembly line of an automobile usually adopts a flow line layout mode to realize mass production operation according to an assembly process flow principle. The layout has the obvious characteristics of strong production continuity, standard flow and single requirement on the skills of production operators, and has the advantages of smaller layout process flexibility, single product and stable component supply requirement. Particularly, the requirements on logistics distribution are obviously improved during mixed production of multiple varieties. The efficiency of the production line is also severely restricted corresponding to the ever-increasing market demand of product customization.
In order to improve the level of batch and automatic assembly operation, the existing assembly line generally adopts a process flow type assembly line layout. The layout has strict requirements on production organization management, logistics distribution, sites and the like of the production line, so that the whole production line cannot obtain the optimal state from initial investment to production operation management cost, and particularly when the layout is used for multi-product and mixed production, the efficiency of the production line is easily reduced, the quality problems of human factors occur frequently, and the enterprise benefit and reputation are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the technology, the invention provides a discrete layout assembling method of an automobile general assembly line.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a plurality of assembly workstations with relatively fixed positions are arranged according to vehicle assembly requirements and production rhythm requirements, an assembly mode based on regions is achieved, the assembly workstations are arranged in a discrete mode, each assembly workstation forms production equipment with similar functions, production organization is built according to space and administrative management, the assembly production line is designed by arranging the positions of the production equipment according to the technological requirement flow of automobile part assembly of the discrete layout assembly workstations, products in the assembly production line are automatically carried and circulated, and automobile assembly full-period management and control of product development, order management, production progress, material configuration, assembly checking and production process tracing are assisted according to instructions of a management system.
Furthermore, the assembly work stations directly distribute or store the assembly parts in the assembly area, the adjacent assembly work stations carry and transfer the assembly parts by using the auxiliary crane, the assembly tools are installed above the assembly area in a suspension mode, critical data of the area assembly process are transmitted to the control system in real time for storage, and the product is turned over and transferred to the next assembly work station by the turning machine after the area assembly process is completed.
Furthermore, components are required to be preassembled in the assembly line if the vehicle type is changed, the components are transferred to a to-be-assembled process by the electric trolley, and the components are conveyed and assembled by the crane.
Furthermore, a plurality of assembly workstations can be arranged on the same assembly production line to meet the requirements of mixed assembly of multiple types and small batches of automobiles.
Further, the management system executes the management system for the manufacturing process of the manufacturing enterprise.
Further, the assembly lines have no area or position limitation, and different assembly lines adopt a parallel layout or an extended layout design.
The invention discloses a discrete layout assembling method for an automobile general assembly line, which is used for meeting the market demand of future personalized and customized products, reducing the distribution cost of assembling materials, avoiding the error rate increase caused by personalized demand and reducing the basic construction cost and the construction period during the production line construction; the production line fault risk caused by the fact that foundation change occurs after the production line is built is avoided, and a brand new design idea is provided in the fields of reducing the occupied area of production and construction and the like.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
So-called discrete manufacturing is: the production process of a product is usually broken down into many processing tasks to complete. Each task requires only a small portion of the capabilities and resources of the enterprise. Enterprises generally build production organizations with similar functional devices according to spatial and administrative management, such as: a department, section or group. In each sector, the work pieces are processed in different types of processes from one work center to another. Enterprises often arrange production facilities according to a primary process flow to minimize material transport distances. In addition, the processing route and the use of equipment are very flexible, and the change is more in product design, processing requirements and ordered quantity.
Discretely manufactured products are often finally assembled from multiple parts through a series of discrete processes. An enterprise that processes such products may be referred to as a discrete manufacturing enterprise. Such as rocket, aircraft, weaponry, marine, electronic, machine tools, and automotive manufacturing industries, are discrete manufacturing enterprises.
The invention discloses a discrete layout assembling method of an automobile general assembly line, which is characterized in that a plurality of assembling workstations with relatively fixed positions are arranged according to automobile assembling requirements and production rhythm requirements, an assembling mode based on regions is realized, the assembling workstations are discretely arranged, each assembling workstation forms production equipment with similar functions, a production organization is built according to space and administrative management, the positions of the production equipment are arranged according to the technological requirement flow of automobile part assembling for the discrete layout assembling workstations to design an assembling line, products in the assembling line are automatically carried, and the whole automobile assembling period management and control of product development, order management, production progress, material configuration, assembling inspection and production process tracing are assisted according to instructions of a management system.
Taking the new energy of the next assembly workshop and the commercial vehicle capacity expansion and transformation project as an example, the design and application of the discrete flexible assembly process are explained;
the embodiment designs that order management, material purchasing management, production planning scheduling management, production line scheduling management, material in-out inventory management, production process tracking management, production equipment operation and maintenance management, tool and tool management, energy consumption and production cost management, production process key data control and data integration management are realized through a manufacturing enterprise production process execution management system (MES system), and a solid, reliable, comprehensive and feasible intelligent manufacturing cooperative management platform is created for enterprises.
The design divides the whole assembly process flow into work stations according to the assembly sequence and the planned working time requirement according to the product characteristics, and the design of each work station is according to the requirements of the existing factory conditions and the assembly process, and meanwhile, the requirements of related laws and regulations such as logistics convenience, workshop safety and the like are also met.
In the frame assembly area: in order to facilitate assembly of components at the bottom of the vehicle frame, the scheme designs four vehicle frame reverse assembly stations, assembly of the vehicle axles, transmission shafts and related pipelines is mainly completed, the stations are transported and transferred by an auxiliary crane, component preassembly is needed for heavy truck axles in consideration of vehicle type change, an axle preassembly area is arranged on one side of a workstation, preassembly completed components are transported to a to-be-assembled process by an electric trolley, the to-be-assembled components are transported and assembled by hoisting equipment, various assembling tools are installed above an assembling area in a suspension mode, assembling key data are transmitted to a control system to be stored in real time, and after the regional assembly process is completed, the vehicle frame is overturned by a turnover machine and transferred to the next station.
In the main assembly area: the scheme is suitable for assembly requirements of multiple varieties of double-energy-source-driven vehicles according to a main assembly area required by a user, meets requirements of production takt, is provided with eleven assembly workstations, and is used for respectively completing assembly of related components such as a power assembly, a power battery, a cooling system, a braking system, a cab, tires and the like, safety inspection work and working solution filling before the whole vehicle is electrified.
The product part adopts the design of storing on one side of a line, the part is timely conveyed to an assembly transfer area by a workshop logistics system according to an assembly demand plan, then is conveyed to the line by a manipulator or lifting equipment for assembly, and before assembly, whether the identity of the part accords with the system specification is confirmed.
The inner decoration assembly of the cab is designed on one side of a main assembly area, namely an additional workshop, and is directly wired or waits in a temporary turnover area through overhead suspension traveling crane transportation.
The whole production line adopts a mode of parallel layout and product transfer in the assembly process, so that the traditional method is successfully adopted; the two assembly lines are combined into a whole, so that the occupied area of the whole assembly area and the layout of the production line of the traditional assembly line are reduced by more than 35%, the comprehensive utilization rate of equipment is improved by more than 30%, and the labor intensity of operators is reduced.
In addition, a plurality of assembly workstations can be arranged on the same assembly production line to meet the requirements of mixed assembly of multiple types and small batches of automobiles. The assembly lines have no area or position limitation, and different assembly lines adopt parallel layout or extended layout design.
The discrete assembly layout has the advantages that the limitation of the production line on the factory conditions can be reduced, so that the layout design is more flexible and convenient; the whole scheme implements the construction without equipment foundation, and is particularly suitable for the reconstruction and the extension of a standard factory building; the workstation type assembly is more beneficial to the subsequent capacity expansion and reconstruction of the production line; the assembly mode in the form of a workstation is more beneficial to logistics distribution path planning and product assembly process tracing in mixed production, and meanwhile, the logistics and management cost can be reduced; the workstation type assembly can effectively improve the comprehensive utilization rate and the input-output ratio of the special equipment of the production line.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make variations, modifications, additions or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A discrete layout assembling method for an automobile assembly line is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of setting a plurality of assembly workstations with relatively fixed positions according to vehicle assembly requirements and production rhythm requirements, realizing an assembly mode based on regions, discretely arranging the plurality of assembly workstations, forming production equipment with similar functions by each assembly workstation, building a production organization according to space and administrative management, arranging the positions of the production equipment of the discretely arranged assembly workstations according to a technological requirement flow of automobile part assembly to design an assembly production line, circulating automatic product handling equipment in the assembly production line, and assisting automobile assembly full-period management and control of product development, order management, production progress, material configuration, assembly verification and production process tracing according to instructions of a management system.
2. The discrete layout assembling method of the automobile assembly line according to claim 1, wherein: the assembling work station is characterized in that the assembling parts of the assembling work station are directly distributed or accumulated in the assembling area, the adjacent assembling work stations are carried and transferred by the auxiliary crane, the assembling tool is installed above the assembling area in a suspension mode, critical data of the regional assembling process are transmitted to the control system in real time for storage, and the product is turned over and transferred to the next assembling work station by the turning machine after the regional assembling process is completed.
3. The discrete layout assembling method of the automobile assembly line according to claim 2, wherein: the components are required to be preassembled if the vehicle types are changed in the assembly production line, the components are transferred to a to-be-assembled process by the electric trolley, and the components are conveyed and assembled by the crane.
4. The discrete layout assembling method of the automobile assembly line according to claim 3, wherein: the plurality of assembling workstations can be arranged on the same assembling production line to meet the requirements of mixed assembling of multiple types and small batches of automobiles.
5. The discrete layout assembling method of the automobile assembly line according to claim 4, wherein: the management system is a manufacturing enterprise production process execution management system.
6. The discrete layout assembling method of the automobile assembly line according to claim 5, wherein: the assembly lines have no area or position limitation, and different assembly lines adopt parallel layout or extended layout design.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110598076.9A CN113184083A (en) | 2021-05-31 | 2021-05-31 | Discrete layout assembling method for automobile assembly line |
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| CN202110598076.9A CN113184083A (en) | 2021-05-31 | 2021-05-31 | Discrete layout assembling method for automobile assembly line |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115446592A (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2022-12-09 | 惠州市和宏电线电缆有限公司 | Multifunctional production line and assembly method thereof |
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| CN1832882A (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2006-09-13 | 杜尔股份公司 | Transport device for a motor vehicle or a partially assembled motor vehicle during the production process |
| CN205166375U (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-04-20 | 湖南同心实业有限责任公司 | Assembly assembly line of car body assembly line |
| CN109676280A (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2019-04-26 | 宁波吉利汽车研究开发有限公司 | Auto-body manufacturing generalization system and Auto-body manufacturing generalization intelligent plant system |
| US20190347382A1 (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2019-11-14 | Autodesk, Inc. | Generative design techniques for automobile designs |
| CN111891259A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2020-11-06 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | Small-batch trial production system and method in automobile assembly |
-
2021
- 2021-05-31 CN CN202110598076.9A patent/CN113184083A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1832882A (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2006-09-13 | 杜尔股份公司 | Transport device for a motor vehicle or a partially assembled motor vehicle during the production process |
| CN205166375U (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-04-20 | 湖南同心实业有限责任公司 | Assembly assembly line of car body assembly line |
| US20190347382A1 (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2019-11-14 | Autodesk, Inc. | Generative design techniques for automobile designs |
| CN109676280A (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2019-04-26 | 宁波吉利汽车研究开发有限公司 | Auto-body manufacturing generalization system and Auto-body manufacturing generalization intelligent plant system |
| CN111891259A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2020-11-06 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | Small-batch trial production system and method in automobile assembly |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115446592A (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2022-12-09 | 惠州市和宏电线电缆有限公司 | Multifunctional production line and assembly method thereof |
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