CN113183348A

CN113183348A - Waste plastic recycling and granulating process

Info

Publication number: CN113183348A
Application number: CN202110236935.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭家万; 李伟龙
Original assignee: Guangxi Wuzhou Guolong Renewable Resources Development Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangxi Wuzhou Guolong Renewable Resources Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-03
Filing date: 2021-03-03
Publication date: 2021-07-30

Abstract

The application relates to a waste plastic recycling and granulating process, relates to the field of resource recycling, and comprises the following steps of S1 and pretreatment; s2, crushing; s3, extruding for the first time; s4, extruding for the second time; s5, cooling and forming; s6, forming particles; s7, receiving materials; the cutting device comprises a cutting frame and a cutting cover arranged on the cutting frame, the two ends of the cutting cover are both provided with openings, one end of the cutting cover is connected with the crusher, a cutting frame is detachably arranged in the cutting cover, and a plurality of heating wires which are arranged in parallel are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cutting frame. This application has the effect of cutting the plastic waste material, promotes the work efficiency of plastic waste material granulation.

Description

Waste plastic recycling and granulating process

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of resource recycling, in particular to a waste plastic recycling and granulating process.

Background

At present, the plastic is one of the most widely applied plastics in the world, and because the plastic has the characteristics of good water resistance, heat insulation, insulativity, low hygroscopicity, strong shock resistance, light weight, firmness, easiness in forming, low price and the like, the plastic is widely applied to the fields of packaging, heat preservation, water resistance, heat insulation, shock absorption, decoration, catering industry and the like and permeates into various departments of national economy. The plastic is mostly disposable, millions of tons of white garbage are scattered in the nature after being discarded, and the waste can not be decomposed and converted, and can not be degraded and disappear automatically, so that on one hand, serious environmental pollution is caused, on the other hand, the waste of precious non-renewable resources is caused, and how to effectively recycle the waste polystyrene plastic has attracted general attention of researchers in various countries.

The prior Chinese patent with the patent application number of CN102785299A provides a recycling and granulating process of polystyrene foam, which belongs to the technical field of resource recycling, and waste polystyrene foam is recycled and reused to prepare universal polystyrene particles through the steps of crushing, primary fluidization, secondary fluidization, cooling, granulating and the like. Above-mentioned technical scheme can carry out a large amount of discarded polystyrene foam's recovery granulation work, and each part is connected in order, labour saving and time saving, and work efficiency is high, and the cost of equipment is low, and preparation method is simple.

According to the related technology, the sizes of the plastic waste materials are different, when the plastic waste materials are directly crushed, the plastic waste materials are large in size and cannot normally enter a crushing process, and the plastic waste materials can enter a crushing procedure after the manual valve of a worker is broken, so that the labor intensity of the worker is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problem that the plastic is too large and inconvenient to crush, the application provides a waste plastic recycling and granulating process.

The application provides a waste plastic recycling granulation process adopts following technical scheme:

a waste plastic recovery granulation process comprises the following steps,

s1, preprocessing, namely pre-cutting the plastic waste materials with different shapes by a cutting device to obtain plastic waste blocks;

s2, crushing, namely crushing the plastic waste blocks by a crusher to obtain plastic chips;

s3, extruding for the first time, and performing first melt extrusion on the plastic chips through a first-stage extruder to obtain fluid plastic;

s4, extruding for the second time, melting the fluid plastic again through a secondary extruder, and then filtering and extruding to form plastic strips;

s5, cooling and forming, namely cooling and forming the plastic strip through a cooling device;

s6, forming particles, and cutting the plastic strips into particles through a granulator;

s7, collecting materials, namely collecting granular plastics;

the cutting device comprises a cutting frame and a cutting cover arranged on the cutting frame, the two ends of the cutting cover are both provided with openings, one end of the cutting cover is connected with the crusher, a cutting frame is detachably arranged in the cutting cover, and a plurality of heating wires which are arranged in parallel are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cutting frame.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when jumbo size plastics are pushed into the cutting cover, under the high temperature cutting effect of heating wire, realize the cutting effect to jumbo size plastics, the useless piece of plastics that the cutting obtained drops to the breaker in from vertical opening, the breaker obtains the plastics piece after smashing the operation to the useless piece of plastics, accomplish the crushing treatment to plastics, the plastics piece is taken out to the position of one-level extruder through air draft operation, the one-level extruder carries out the first melting operation to the plastics piece, the plastics after the melting is extruded into fluid form plastics, the plastic of fluid form gets into in the second grade extruder, the second grade extruder melts once more the fluid form plastics, and extrude after filtering and form the plastic strip, after the strip plastics cooling forming, cut strip plastics through the pelleter, collect the plastic granules at last.

Optionally, the cutting cover is kept away from in the one end of breaker rotates and is connected with the articulated shaft, the articulated shaft is located cutting cover tip top surface just sets up for the level, articulated shaft outer wall fixedly connected with guard gate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when needs cut the plastics waste material, only need promote plastics and cover the internal motion towards the cutting, the guard gate realization is opened this moment, if do not have plastics and enter into the cutting cover in the time, the guard gate swings to vertical position, realizes the closed effect to cutting cover horizontal opening part.

Optionally, the inner wall of the cutting cover is fixedly connected with fixing columns on two opposite side walls, the peripheral wall of the cutting frame is provided with two fixing grooves for the fixing columns to penetrate out, and one ends of the fixing columns penetrating out of the fixing grooves are rotatably connected with clamping pieces.

Optionally, the joint piece sets up to the joint piece, the tip of fixed column with the joint piece is realized rotating through the axle sleeve and is connected, joint piece length dimension is less than fixed slot length dimension, joint piece length dimension is greater than the width dimension of fixed slot.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, fixed column and joint piece pass the fixed slot together, and joint piece length dimension is less than the length dimension of fixed slot, treats that the joint piece passes the fixed slot after, and drive joint piece rotates round the fixed column tip, and the joint piece rotates to the position with fixed slot vertically, and joint piece length dimension is greater than fixed slot open-ended width dimension, realizes the spacing effect of joint piece to the cutting frame, accomplishes the removable effect of cutting frame.

Optionally, the cooling device includes a cooling pool and a cooling frame installed above the cooling pool, the cooling frame is provided with a cooling roller, the cooling roller is provided with a plurality of air blowing holes towards the circumferential outer side of the plastic strip, and the end of the cooling roller is connected with an air blower.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, carry out the forced air cooling to strip plastics through air-blower and chill roll, promote the cooling rate of strip plastics greatly.

Optionally, the cooling frame in the cooling roller below is provided with the transmission roller, the transmission roller is the cavity setting, cooling tank delivery port department is connected with the outlet pipe, the outlet pipe with be connected with circulating device between the transmission roller, the other end of transmission roller with the cooling tank is connected with the pipeline.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through circulating device, the realization carries out the circulating flow with the cooling water in the cooling bath and the transfer roller, guarantees that the transfer roller also can the rational utilization cooling water resource to the cooling of strip plastics simultaneously.

Optionally, the circulating device includes water pump and inlet tube, the water pump input with go out water piping connection, the output of water pump with advance water piping connection, the inlet tube with transfer roller tip intercommunication.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the cooling water in with the cooling bath is taken out to the delivery roll from the outlet pipe in the water inlet pipe, realizes the circulation operation to the cooling water by the water pump.

Optionally, the transmission roller is close to the end fixedly connected with cooling jacket of inlet tube, the removable post that strains that is provided with in the cooling jacket, the one end of straining the post is the opening setting, and the other end is closed, strain the post and be provided with the sack that is used for placing the ice-cube, strain the post outer wall and be provided with a plurality of through-holes.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, cool off the cooling water in the transmission roller through the sack in the filter column, reduce cooling water temperature, realize carrying out the heat transfer between strip plastics and the transmission roller, promote strip plastics cooling rate greatly.

Optionally, the outer wall of the filter column is fixedly connected with a convex block, the inner wall of the cooling jacket is provided with a chute, one end of the chute is provided with an opening, the other end of the chute is provided with a closing setting, the cooling jacket is provided with a clamping groove at one closed end of the chute, the clamping groove is communicated with the chute, a plane where the clamping groove is located is perpendicular to the length direction of the chute, and the convex block is rotated into the clamping groove by the chute.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the filter screen drives the lug and moves to in the cooling jacket, and the lug moves to the spout in, and when the lug moved to joint groove opening part, the drive lug rotated to the joint inslot, realized between cooling jacket and the filter column along the joint effect of filter column axial direction, ensured the fixed firm effect of filter column and cooling jacket.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. when large-size plastics are pushed into the cutting cover, under the high-temperature cutting action of the heating wire, the cutting effect on the large-size plastics is achieved, plastic waste blocks obtained by cutting fall into the crusher from the vertical opening, the crusher crushes the plastic waste blocks to obtain plastic fragments, and the crushing treatment on the plastics is completed;

2. placing an ice block in the cloth bag, driving the filter column to move into the cooling jacket, and realizing the fixing effect between the cooling jacket and the filter column when the lug moves into the chute and rotates into the clamping groove;

3. after the fixing column drives the clamping block to penetrate through the fixing groove, the clamping block is driven to rotate to a position perpendicular to the fixing groove, and the fixing effect on the cutting frame is achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a cutting cover and heating wire in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cooling device in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the feed tube, transfer roll, filter column and projection of the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 2.

Reference numerals: 1. a cutting device; 2. a crusher; 3. a first-stage extruder; 4. a secondary extruder; 5. a granulator; 6. a cutting frame; 7. cutting the cover; 8. cutting the frame; 9. an electric heating wire; 10. hinging a shaft; 11. a protective door; 12. a pipeline; 13. a shaft sleeve; 14. fixing a column; 15. fixing grooves; 16. A clamping block; 17. a cooling pool; 18. a cooling rack; 19. a cooling roll; 20. an air blowing hole; 21. a blower; 22. a transfer roller; 23. a water outlet pipe; 24. a water pump; 25. a water inlet pipe; 26. filtering columns; 27. A cooling jacket; 28. a bump; 29. a chute; 30. a clamping groove.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-5.

The embodiment of the application discloses a waste plastic recycling and granulating process. Referring to fig. 1, a recycling granulation process of waste plastics includes the steps of,

s1, preprocessing, namely pre-cutting the plastic waste materials with different shapes by using a cutting device 1 to obtain plastic waste blocks;

s2, crushing, namely crushing the plastic waste blocks by a crusher 2 to obtain plastic scraps;

s3, extruding for the first time, and performing first melting extrusion on the plastic scraps through the primary extruder 3 to obtain fluid plastic;

s4, extruding for the second time, melting the fluid plastic again through the secondary extruder 4, and then filtering and extruding to form plastic strips;

s6, forming particles, and cutting the plastic strips into particles through a granulator 5;

and S7, collecting the materials, and collecting the granular plastic.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the cutting device 1 includes a cutting frame 6 and a cutting cover 7 mounted on the cutting frame 6, two ends of the cutting cover 7 are provided with openings, one end of the cutting cover 7 close to the crusher 2 is a vertical opening, one end of the cutting cover 7 for feeding is a horizontal opening, so that plastics can be conveniently put into the cutting cover 7, the opening of the cutting cover 7 in the vertical direction is connected with the crusher 2, a cutting frame 8 is detachably arranged in the cutting cover 7, three parallel heating wires 9 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cutting frame 8, and the heating wires 9 are vertically arranged; when the large-size plastic is pushed into the cutting cover 7, the cutting effect of the large-size plastic is realized under the high-temperature cutting action of the heating wire 9.

The cut plastic waste blocks fall into the crusher 2 from the vertical opening, and the crusher 2 performs crushing operation on the plastic waste blocks to obtain plastic fragments so as to complete the crushing treatment on the plastic; in order to realize the protection effect on the heating wire 9 in the cutting cover 7, one end of the cutting cover 7, which is far away from the crusher 2, is rotatably connected with an articulated shaft 10, the articulated shaft 10 is positioned on the top surface of the end part of the cutting cover 7 and is horizontally arranged, the outer wall of the articulated shaft 10 is fixedly connected with a protective door 11, the bottom end of the protective door 11 rotates around the articulated shaft 10, and the protective door 11 realizes the opening and closing effect in the vertical direction; when needs cut plastic waste, only need promote plastics and move in cutting cover 7, guard gate 11 realizes opening this moment, if do not have plastics and enter into cutting cover 7 in the time, guard gate 11 swings to vertical position, realizes the closed effect to cutting cover 7 horizontal opening part.

Refer to fig. 2 and 5, in order to facilitate the realization to the removable effect of cutting frame 8, the opposite both sides wall fixedly connected with fixed column 14 of cutting cover 7 inner wall, cutting frame 8 perisporium is provided with two fixed slots 15 that are used for fixed column 14 to wear out, fixed column 14 wears out the one end rotation of fixed slot 15 and is connected with joint spare, joint spare sets up to joint piece 16, it is connected with axle sleeve 13 to rotate between 14 tip of fixed column and the

joint piece

16, 14 tip of fixed column and 13 inner circle fixed connection of axle sleeve, the outer lane fixed connection of joint piece 16 and axle sleeve 13, realize joint piece 16 round the effect of 14 tip rotation connection of fixed column.

Fixed column 14 and joint piece 16 pass fixed slot 15 together, and joint piece 16 length dimension is less than the length dimension of fixed slot 15, treats that joint piece 16 passes fixed slot 15 after, drive joint piece 16 round fixed column 14 tip rotate, joint piece 16 rotate to with fixed slot 15 vertically position, joint piece 16 length dimension is greater than fixed slot 15 open-ended width size, realizes joint piece 16 to the spacing effect of cutting frame 8, accomplishes the removable effect of cutting frame 8.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the plastic scraps are pumped to the position of the primary extruder 3 by an air pumping operation, the primary extruder 3 performs a first melting operation on the plastic scraps, the melted plastic is extruded into fluid plastic, the fluid plastic enters the secondary extruder 4, and the secondary extruder 4 performs re-melting on the fluid plastic and extrudes the fluid plastic to form plastic strips after filtering.

In order to facilitate the cooling and forming of the plastic strip, the cooling device comprises a cooling pool 17 and a cooling frame 18 arranged above the cooling pool 17, a cooling roller 19 is arranged on the cooling frame 18, the cooling roller 19 is located above the plastic strip, a plurality of air blowing holes 20 are formed in the circumferential outer side of the cooling roller 19 towards the plastic strip, the end of the cooling roller 19 is connected with an air blower 21, the cooling pool 17 is used for storing cooling water, the plastic strip is cooled by blowing air from the secondary extruder 4 to the cooling pool 17 through the cooling roller 19, and the cooling progress of the plastic strip is accelerated.

The cooling frame 18 is provided with the transfer roller 22 below the cooling roller 19, the transfer roller 22 is arranged to the cavity, a water outlet 23 is connected to a water outlet of the cooling pool 17, in order to guarantee the cooling effect of cooling water in the cooling pool 17, the cooling water in the cooling pool 17 needs to circularly flow, a circulating device is connected between the water outlet 23 and the transfer roller 22, and a pipeline 12 is connected between one end, far away from the circulating device, of the transfer roller 22 and the cooling pool 17.

The circulating device comprises a water pump 24 and a water inlet pipe 25, the input end of the water pump 24 is connected with a water outlet pipe 23, the output end of the water pump 24 is connected with the water inlet pipe 25, the water inlet pipe 25 is communicated with the end part of the transfer roller 22, cooling water enters the cooling pool 17 from the pipeline 12 after entering the transfer roller 22 from the cooling pool 17, and the circulating operation of the cooling water is completed.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a cooling jacket 27 is fixedly connected to the end of the transfer roller 22 close to the water inlet pipe 25, a filter column 26 is detachably arranged in the cooling jacket 27, the water inlet pipe 25 is a hose, and the water inlet pipe 25 and the cooling jacket 27 are fixedly connected through a pipe hoop; the one end of straining post 26 towards inlet tube 25 is the opening setting, and the other end is closed, is provided with the sack that is used for placing the ice-cube in straining post 26, and the sack is the sack of sailing, and the heat exchange between the ice-cube of being convenient for and the cooling water, straining post 26 outer wall is provided with a plurality of through-holes.

The outer wall of the filter column 26 is fixedly connected with a convex block 28, the inner wall of the cooling jacket 27 is provided with a sliding chute 29, one end of the sliding chute 29 close to the opening of the filter column 26 is provided with an opening, the other end of the sliding chute 29 is provided with an opening, the closed end of the cooling jacket 27 at the sliding chute 29 is provided with a clamping groove 30, the clamping groove 30 is communicated with the sliding chute 29, the plane where the clamping groove 30 is located is vertical to the length direction of the sliding chute 29, and the clamping groove 30 is provided with an arc-shaped groove; the filter screen drives the bump 28 to move into the cooling jacket 27, the bump 28 moves into the chute 29, and when the bump 28 moves to the opening of the clamping groove 30, the bump 28 is driven to rotate into the clamping groove 30, so that the clamping effect between the cooling jacket 27 and the filter column 26 along the axial direction of the filter column 26 is realized, and the fixing and stabilizing effect of the filter column 26 and the cooling jacket 27 is ensured.

The implementation principle of the waste plastic recycling and granulating process in the embodiment of the application is as follows: placing ice blocks in the cloth bag, driving the filter column 26 to move into the cooling jacket 27, and realizing the fixing effect between the cooling jacket 27 and the filter column 26 when the lug 28 moves into the chute 29 and rotates into the clamping groove 30; meanwhile, after the fixing column 14 drives the clamping block 16 to penetrate through the fixing groove 15, the clamping block 16 is driven to rotate to a position vertical to the fixing groove 15, and the fixing effect on the cutting frame 8 is achieved;

the plastic waste is put into the cutting cover 7, the protective door 11 swings around the articulated shaft 10, the plastic waste is cut into plastic waste blocks under the action of the electric heating wire 9, the plastic waste blocks fall into the crusher 2 and fall into the primary extruder 3 and the secondary extruder 4, when the strip-shaped plastic moves to the granulator 5, the strip-shaped plastic moves into the cooling tank 17, under the action of the ice blocks and the water pump 24, the cooling water is ensured to be low in temperature and to be in heat transfer with the strip-shaped plastic, and at the same time, under the action of the blower 21 and the cooling roller 19, the cooling speed of the strip-shaped plastic is further increased, after the strip-shaped plastic enters the cooling trough, further cooling and molding the strip-shaped plastic, greatly improving the cooling and molding effect of the strip-shaped plastic, and finishing the cutting work of the strip plastic under the action of the granulator 5, and finally collecting the granular plastic.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A waste plastic recycling and granulating process is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,

s1, preprocessing, namely precutting the plastic waste materials with different shapes through a cutting device (1) to obtain plastic waste blocks;

s2, crushing, namely crushing the plastic waste blocks by a crusher (2) to obtain plastic scraps;

s3, performing first extrusion, namely performing first melt extrusion on the plastic scraps through a first-stage extruder (3) to obtain fluid plastic;

s4, extruding for the second time, melting the fluid plastic again through a secondary extruder (4), and then filtering and extruding to form plastic strips;

s6, forming particles, and cutting the plastic strips into particles through a granulator (5);

s7, collecting materials, namely collecting granular plastics;

cutting device (1) including cutting frame (6) and install in cutting cover (7) on cutting frame (6), the both ends of cutting cover (7) all set up to the opening, the one end of cutting cover (7) with breaker (2) are connected, the removable cutting frame (8) that is provided with in cutting cover (7), a plurality of parallel arrangement's of cutting frame (8) inner wall fixedly connected with heating wire (9).

2. The waste plastic recycling granulation process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: cutting cover (7) are kept away from in the one end rotation of breaker (2) is connected with articulated shaft (10), articulated shaft (10) are located cutting cover (7) tip top surface just sets up for the level, articulated shaft (10) outer wall fixedly connected with guard gate (11).

3. The waste plastic recycling and granulating process according to claim 2, wherein: the cutting cover is characterized in that fixing columns (14) are fixedly connected to two opposite side walls of the inner wall of the cutting cover (7), two fixing grooves (15) used for the fixing columns (14) to penetrate out are formed in the peripheral wall of the cutting frame (8), and a clamping piece is rotatably connected to one end, penetrating out of the fixing grooves (15), of the fixing columns (14).

4. The waste plastic recycling granulation process as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the joint spare sets up to joint piece (16), the tip of fixed column (14) with joint piece (16) realize rotating through axle sleeve (13) and connect, joint piece (16) length dimension is less than fixed slot (15) length dimension, joint piece (16) length dimension is greater than the width dimension of fixed slot (15).

5. The waste plastic recycling granulation process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cooling device comprises a cooling pool (17) and a cooling frame (18) arranged above the cooling pool (17), a cooling roller (19) is arranged on the cooling frame (18), a plurality of air blowing holes (20) are formed in the circumferential outer side, facing the plastic strip, of the cooling roller (19), and an air blower (21) is connected to the end portion of the cooling roller (19).

6. The waste plastic recycling and granulating process according to claim 5, wherein: the cooling frame (18) in cooling roller (19) below is provided with transfer roller (22), transfer roller (22) are the cavity setting, cooling bath (17) delivery port department is connected with outlet pipe (23), outlet pipe (23) with be connected with circulating device between transfer roller (22), the other end of transfer roller (22) with cooling bath (17) are connected with pipeline (12).

7. The waste plastic recycling and granulating process according to claim 6, wherein: circulating device includes water pump (24) and inlet tube (25), water pump (24) input with outlet pipe (23) are connected, the output of water pump (24) with inlet tube (25) are connected, inlet tube (25) with transfer roller (22) tip intercommunication.

8. The recycling granulation process of waste plastics as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the conveying roller (22) is close to the end fixedly connected with cooling jacket (27) of the water inlet pipe (25), a filtering column (26) is detachably arranged in the cooling jacket (27), one end of the filtering column (26) is arranged in an opening mode, the other end of the filtering column is closed, the filtering column (26) is provided with a cloth bag used for placing ice blocks, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the outer wall of the filtering column (26).

9. The recycling granulation process of waste plastics as claimed in claim 8, wherein: strain post (26) outer wall fixedly connected with lug (28), cooling jacket (27) inner wall is provided with spout (29), spout (29) one end sets up for the opening, and the other end sets up for closed, cooling jacket (27) in spout (29) closed one end is provided with joint groove (30), joint groove (30) with spout (29) intercommunication, just joint groove (30) place plane with spout (29) length direction sets up perpendicularly, lug (28) by spout (29) rotate extremely with in the joint groove (30).