CN113182086B - Emulsion breaking and dewatering separation method for emulsion - Google Patents
Emulsion breaking and dewatering separation method for emulsion Download PDFInfo
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- CN113182086B CN113182086B CN202110545860.3A CN202110545860A CN113182086B CN 113182086 B CN113182086 B CN 113182086B CN 202110545860 A CN202110545860 A CN 202110545860A CN 113182086 B CN113182086 B CN 113182086B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/02—Construction of inlets by which the vortex flow is generated, e.g. tangential admission, the fluid flow being forced to follow a downward path by spirally wound bulkheads, or with slightly downwardly-directed tangential admission
- B04C5/04—Tangential inlets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
- B04C5/081—Shapes or dimensions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
- B04C2009/001—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks with means for electrostatic separation
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Abstract
The invention relates to a demulsification dehydration separation method of emulsion, wherein a cyclone comprises a cyclone chamber and an underflow pipe, the closed end of the cyclone chamber is connected with an inlet pipe and an overflow pipe, the inlet pipe is tangent to and communicated with the circumferential inner wall of the cyclone chamber, the overflow pipe penetrates through the closed end of the cyclone chamber in an insulating way to be communicated with the interior of the cyclone chamber, the other end of the cyclone chamber is communicated with the underflow pipe through a smooth transition pipe section, and both the cyclone chamber and the overflow pipe can be electrically conducted; the method comprises pretreating emulsion, arranging an overflow pipe upward and electrically connecting with the anode of a high-voltage pulse power supply, and grounding a cyclone chamber; the pretreated emulsion is then continuously fed from the inlet tube into the cyclone chamber. The cyclone used by the demulsification dehydration method adopts a smooth transition pipe section for transition between the cyclone chamber and the underflow pipe, so that the turbulence intensity in the cyclone is reduced, the flow field is promoted to be stable, water drops are favorably coalesced in emulsion under the action of an electric field, the particle size is increased, and the separation effect and the separation efficiency are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid physical separation, and particularly relates to a demulsification dehydration separation method of an emulsion.
Background
In the engineering fields of petrochemical industry, oil field exploitation, resource environment and the like, water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion is common, and the demulsification and dehydration treatment of the emulsion is a more critical process link, such as dehydration treatment before petroleum refining and dehydration treatment in the resource recycling process of waste lubricating oil. At present, the emulsion dehydration treatment method includes a physical method, a chemical method, a biological method and the like, wherein the most common treatment method is the physical method, and the physical method comprises an electric field method, a rotational flow centrifugation method, a gravity sedimentation method, a vacuum heating method and the like.
However, it is difficult to effectively perform emulsion breaking and dewatering treatment on the emulsion by using a single treatment method, such as: the electric field method is that emulsion is placed in a high-voltage alternating current or direct current electric field, the strength of an interfacial film of the emulsion is reduced by utilizing the action of the electric field on water drops, the water drops are promoted to collide and merge into large-particle water drops, and thus the water phase and the oil phase are separated; however, as the water content of the emulsion increases, the difficulty of establishing a certain electric field strength between electrodes in the emulsion increases, so that the electric field method has certain limitation. The cyclone separation method is that the emulsion rotates at high speed, and different centrifugal forces are generated by utilizing different densities of an oil phase and a water phase, so that the separation of the water phase and the oil phase is realized; although the centrifuge can make the emulsion reach higher rotation speed, the maintenance is difficult, so the existing rotational flow centrifugation method mostly adopts a hydraulic cyclone, and utilizes the hydraulic spin to separate the water phase from the oil phase, but the rotation speed of the hydraulic spin is lower than that provided by the centrifuge, so the separation effect is poor.
At present, a better separation effect is obtained by adopting a plurality of treatment methods for combined treatment or adopting a coupling integrated unit for treatment, wherein a common mode of combining an electric field method and a cyclone centrifugal method is that an electric field and a cyclone centrifugal field are coupled and are complemented with each other, so that the effects of enlarging the particle size of liquid drops and quickly and effectively separating the liquid drops are realized, and the emulsion breaking and dewatering efficiency of the emulsion is greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a demulsification dehydration separation method for an emulsion, solve the problem that the internal flow field of the conventional cyclone is unstable, and achieve the effects of more stable flow field and higher separation efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the demulsification dehydration separation method of the emulsion comprises a cyclone, wherein the cyclone comprises a cylindrical cyclone chamber and an underflow pipe which is coaxial with the cyclone chamber, one end of the cyclone chamber is closed and is connected with an inlet pipe and an overflow pipe which is coaxial with the cyclone chamber, and the inlet pipe is tangential to the circumferential inner wall of the cyclone chamber and is communicated with the cyclone chamber.
The overflow pipe penetrates through the closed end of the cyclone chamber in an insulating way, and the inner end of the overflow pipe is communicated with the cyclone chamber; the other end of the cyclone chamber faces the underflow pipe and is communicated with the underflow pipe through a coaxial smooth transition pipe section; the wall of the cyclone chamber and the overflow pipe are made of conductive materials.
The method also comprises the following steps:
1) Pretreating the emulsion;
2) The overflow pipe faces upwards, and the underflow pipe faces downwards; the overflow pipe is electrically connected with the anode of the high-voltage pulse power supply, and the cyclone chamber is grounded;
3) Continuously inputting the pretreated emulsion into a cyclone chamber from an inlet pipe;
4) The oil phase discharged from the overflow pipe and the aqueous phase discharged from the underflow pipe are collected or transported separately.
According to the cyclone used by the demulsification dehydration method, smooth transition pipe sections are adopted between the cyclone chambers with the same shaft and different diameters and the underflow pipe for transition, so that the turbulence intensity in the cyclone is reduced, the flow field is promoted to be stable, water drops are favorably coalesced in emulsion under the action of an electric field, the particle size is increased, and the separation effect and the separation efficiency are improved; therefore, the invention obviously improves the separation effect and efficiency of demulsification and dehydration by matching the action of the electric field through the cyclone of the smooth transition pipe section, and has good application prospect, good economic value and social benefit.
Furthermore, on the axial section of the cyclone chamber, the inner wall of the smooth transition pipe section comprises a convex arc transition section and a concave arc transition section, the inner diameter of the convex arc transition section is gradually reduced, the large diameter end of the convex arc transition section is tangent to the cyclone chamber, the small diameter end of the convex arc transition section is tangent to the large diameter end of the concave arc transition section, and the small diameter end of the concave arc transition section is tangent to the inner wall of the underflow pipe.
Thus, the convex arc transition section and the concave arc transition section are connected in a tangent and smooth manner to form a smooth transition pipe section, the axial radius of the convex arc transition section area is increased, the pressure gradient is increased, and the pressure drop is reduced, so that the radial pressure gradient force towards the axis of the emulsion in a flow field is increased, the energy consumption loss is reduced, more energy is used for emulsion breaking and dehydration of the emulsion, and the separation of an oil phase and a water phase is facilitated; meanwhile, a double-arc connection structure is adopted, so that the emulsion has a larger tangential speed in a smooth transition pipe section, under the condition of larger particle size, the centrifugal force borne by water drops is increased, the water drops are promoted to migrate to the wall surface, and oil moves to the axis under the action of pressure gradient force, so that the separation of an oil phase and a water phase is facilitated; in addition, a double-arc connection structure is adopted, so that a larger vortex amount is possessed in an axis region, a stable vortex core is easily formed, stable collection of oil liquid at the axis is facilitated, liquid with higher oil content flows out of an overflow pipe under the action of a larger axial speed, liquid with higher water content is collected near an underflow pipe, and the oil-water separation performance of the device is improved.
Further, the number of the inlet pipes is two, and the two inlet pipes are symmetrical with respect to the axis center of the cyclone chamber.
Like this, during the implementation, be used for carrying the oil feed pipe of emulsion respectively with two inlet tubes intercommunications through a three-way pipe, guarantee that the flow of two inlet tubes is unanimous, make the indoor stable and fast-speed vortex of forming of whirl fast, do benefit to the separation of oil phase and aqueous phase.
Further, half of the overflow pipe is positioned in the cyclone chamber, and the inlet pipe and the overflow pipe are in the following positional relation:
L w ＝L s /2-D t (1-1)
wherein L is w The distance between one side of the inlet pipe close to the convex arc transition section and one end of the overflow pipe in the cyclone chamber on the axis of the cyclone chamber is L s The length of the overflow pipe is 65-75mm t Is the diameter of the inlet pipe and takes the value of 10-14 mm.
Like this, through the position of restriction inlet tube and overflow pipe, make the emulsion that gets into the whirl indoor from the inlet tube accomplish the separation of aqueous phase and oil phase to a great extent before reaching overflow pipe mouth of pipe position, make the mouth of pipe department of overflow pipe form stable oil phase layer, avoid the direct overflow pipe of following of emulsion to improve this dehydration separator's separation effect.
Further, the sphere radius of the concave arc transition section and the sphere radius of the convex arc transition section satisfy the following relation:
r sinα+R sinα＝L 1 +L 2 (1-3)
wherein R is the sphere radius of the concave arc transition section, R is the sphere radius of the convex arc transition section, alpha is the arc angle of the concave arc transition section, D u The inner diameter of the underflow pipe is 8-12mm s The inner diameter of the cyclone chamber is 65-75mm 1 Is the length of the concave arc transition section, L 2 Is the length of the convex arc transition section, and L t ＝L 1 +L 2 ，L t Is 410-450 mm.
Thus, by means of the above relation, the radii of the two arc transitions can be calculated by determining the diameters of the underflow pipe and the swirl chamber and the lengths of the two arc transitions within the above preferred range.
Further, a space rectangular coordinate system is established at the circle center of the tail end of the underflow pipe, and the direction of the axis of the underflow pipe extending towards the overflow pipe is taken as the positive direction of the z axis by the space rectangular coordinate system;
the points on the convex arc transition section satisfy the following relational expression:
wherein x and z represent the values of a point on the convex arc transition segment on the x-axis and z-axis, respectively, L u The length of the underflow pipe is 380-420 mm.
Further, the points on the concave arc transition section satisfy the following relation:
further, the water content of the emulsion pretreated in the step 1) is 2-25% by mass percent.
Therefore, the effect of the cyclone on demulsification, dehydration and separation of the emulsion is ensured by limiting the water content of the emulsion before the emulsion enters the cyclone chamber; if the water content of the emulsion is too high, a stable oil phase layer is difficult to form at the overflow pipe after the emulsion enters the cyclone chamber, and the condition that a large amount of water is discharged from the overflow pipe easily occurs, so that the treatment failure of demulsification, dehydration and separation of the emulsion is caused; therefore, when the water content of the emulsion is high, it is necessary to perform a pretreatment to remove a part of the water before entering the cyclone.
Further, the kinematic viscosity of the emulsion pretreated in the step 1) at 40 ℃ is less than 46mm 2 /s。
Therefore, the effect of the cyclone on demulsification, dehydration and separation of the emulsion is ensured by limiting the kinematic viscosity of the emulsion; if the kinematic viscosity is too high, after the emulsion enters the cyclone chamber, a fast and stable vortex is difficult to form in the cyclone chamber, and the water phase is difficult to obtain a larger centrifugal force to separate from the oil phase, so that the treatment failure of emulsion breaking and dehydration separation of the emulsion is easily caused; therefore, when the kinematic viscosity of the emulsion is high, pretreatment is required before entering the cyclone to reduce the kinematic viscosity of the emulsion.
Further, the voltage range of the high-voltage pulse power supply in the step 2) is 1kV to 10kV, the frequency is 10Hz to 100Hz, and the pulse duty ratio is 0.5 to 1.
Therefore, the high-voltage pulse power supply connected with the cyclone is limited to ensure that a stable electric field is established in the cyclone chamber filled with the emulsion, the stretching deformation effect of the electric field on water drops in the emulsion is improved, the coalescence of the water drops is promoted, and the emulsion breaking, dehydration and separation effects and efficiency of the emulsion are improved.
Further, the flow rate of the emulsion in the inlet pipe in the step 3) is 8-12 m/s, and the pressure is 0.2-0.3 MPa (G).
Therefore, the flow rate and the pressure of the liquid in the inlet pipe are limited within the ranges, so that the cyclone has a good effect on the demulsification, dehydration and separation of the emulsion.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the cyclone used by the demulsification dehydration method adopts a smooth transition pipe section for transition between the cyclone chambers with different coaxial diameters and the underflow pipe, so that the turbulence intensity in the cyclone is reduced, the flow field is promoted to be stable, water drops are favorably coalesced in emulsion under the action of an electric field, the particle size is increased, and the separation effect and the separation efficiency are improved.
2. According to the invention, the smooth transition pipe section is formed by smoothly connecting the convex arc transition section and the concave arc transition section in a tangent mode, firstly, the radial pressure gradient force of an emulsion in a flow field to the axis is increased, the energy consumption loss is reduced, and more energy is used for demulsification and dehydration of the emulsion; secondly, the emulsion has a larger tangential speed in a smooth transition pipe section, and under the condition of larger particle size, the centrifugal force borne by water drops is increased, so that the water drops are promoted to migrate to the wall surface; finally, the axis region has larger vorticity, so that a stable vortex core is easy to form, and the stable collection of oil at the axis is facilitated; thereby the separating effect of the cyclone is better.
3. According to the invention, the emulsion is input into the cyclone chamber through the two inlet pipes tangent to the cyclone chamber, so that a stable and high-speed vortex is rapidly formed in the cyclone chamber, and the separation effect and efficiency of the oil phase and the water phase of the device are improved.
4. According to the invention, the positions of the inlet pipe and the overflow pipe are limited, so that the emulsion entering the cyclone chamber from the inlet pipe is separated from the water phase and the oil phase to a greater extent before reaching the position of the opening of the overflow pipe, a stable oil phase layer is formed at the opening of the overflow pipe, and the emulsion is prevented from directly flowing out of the overflow pipe, so that the separation effect of the dehydration separation device is influenced.
5. The invention combines the electric field method and the cyclone centrifugal method, leads water drops in the emulsion to be stretched and deformed in oil liquid under the action of the electric field, intensifies the collision of the water drops, promotes the coalescence of the water drops in the emulsion, increases the particle size of the water drops, and has better cyclone centrifugal separation effect under the condition of large particle size.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a swirler with a straight-face double-cone structure according to the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the cyclone in the embodiment;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged, fragmentary view of the smooth transition pipe section of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the swirl chamber portion of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the pressure loss of the emulsion through the cyclones in the two configurations in a comparative experiment;
FIG. 6 is a graph of separation efficiency for two configurations of cyclones in a comparative experiment;
the device comprises a cyclone chamber 1, an overflow pipe 2, an inlet pipe 3, a convex arc transition section 4, a concave arc transition section 5 and an underflow pipe 6.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 2-4, a method for demulsifying and dehydrating an emulsion includes a cyclone, the cyclone includes a cyclone chamber having a cylindrical section and an underflow pipe coaxial with the cyclone chamber, one end of the cyclone chamber is closed and connected to an inlet pipe and an overflow pipe coaxial with the cyclone chamber, the inlet pipe is tangential to the inner circumferential wall of the cyclone chamber and is communicated with the cyclone chamber, the number of the inlet pipes is two, and the two inlet pipes are symmetric with respect to the axis of the cyclone chamber.
The overflow pipe penetrates through the closed end of the cyclone chamber in an insulating way, and the inner end of the overflow pipe is communicated with the cyclone chamber; the other end of the cyclone chamber faces the underflow pipe and is communicated with the underflow pipe through a coaxial smooth transition pipe section; the wall of the cyclone chamber and the overflow pipe are both made of conductive materials.
On the axial section of the cyclone chamber, the inner wall of the smooth transition pipe section comprises a convex arc transition section and a concave arc transition section, the inner diameter of the convex arc transition section is gradually reduced, the large diameter end of the convex arc transition section is tangent to the cyclone chamber, the small diameter end of the convex arc transition section is tangent to the large diameter end of the concave arc transition section, and the small diameter end of the concave arc transition section is tangent to the inner wall of the underflow pipe.
When the cyclone is implemented, the cyclone can be a structure with a cavity inside, the inner wall of the cavity consists of a cyclone chamber, a smooth transition pipe section, an underflow pipe and an inlet pipe, the inlet pipe can be a hole formed in the cyclone and communicated with the cyclone chamber, and one section of the overflow pipe located outside the cyclone chamber can also be a hole formed in the cyclone and communicated with the cyclone chamber.
Half of the overflow pipe is positioned in the cyclone chamber, and the position relation between the inlet pipe and the overflow pipe is as follows:
L w ＝L s /2-D t (2-1)
wherein L is w The distance between one side of the inlet pipe close to the convex arc transition section and one end of the overflow pipe in the cyclone chamber on the axis of the cyclone chamber is L s The length of the overflow pipe is 65-75mm t The diameter of the inlet tube is 10-14 mm, as shown in fig. 4.
The radius of the concave arc transition section and the radius of the convex arc transition section satisfy the following relational expression:
r sinα+R sinα＝L 1 +L 2 (2-3)
wherein R is the radius of the concave arc transition section, R is the radius of the convex arc transition section, alpha is the arc angle of the concave arc transition section, D u The inner diameter of the underflow pipe is 8-12mm s The inner diameter of the cyclone chamber is 65-75mm 1 Is the length of the concave arc transition section, L 2 Is the length of the convex arc transition section, and L t ＝L 1 +L 2 ，L t The value of (A) is 410-450 mm.
The method also comprises the following steps:
1) Pretreating the emulsion, wherein the water content of the pretreated emulsion is 2-25% by mass, specifically 2%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 22% or 25%, and the water content of the pretreated emulsion is 4%Kinematic viscosity at 0 ℃ of less than 46mm 2 /s。
2) The overflow pipe faces upwards, and the underflow pipe faces downwards; the overflow pipe is electrically connected with the anode of the high-voltage pulse power supply, and the cyclone chamber is grounded; the voltage range of the high-voltage pulse power supply is 1kV to 10kV, 1kV, 2kV, 3kV, 4kV, 5kV, 6kV, 7kV, 8kV, 9kV or 10kV can be selected, the frequency is 10Hz to 100Hz, 10Hz, 20Hz, 30Hz, 40Hz, 50Hz, 60Hz, 70Hz, 80Hz, 90Hz or 100Hz can be selected, the pulse duty ratio is 0.5 to 1, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 or 1 can be selected.
3) The outlet end of a pump (such as a single-screw pump) for conveying emulsion is respectively communicated with two inlet pipes through a three-way pipe, the pretreated emulsion is continuously conveyed into the cyclone chamber from the inlet pipes, the flow rate of the emulsion in the inlet pipes is controlled to be 8-12 m/s, specifically 8m/s, 9m/s, 10m/s, 11m/s, 12m/s or 13m/s, and the pressure is 0.2-0.3 MPa (G), specifically 0.2MPa (G), 0.22MPa (G), 0.24MPa (G), 0.26MPa (G), 0.28MPa (G) or 0.3MPa (G) by controlling the output of the pump.
4) After separation, the oil phase discharged from the overflow pipe and the aqueous phase discharged from the underflow pipe are collected or transported separately. The oil phase or the water phase obtained by separation can be conveniently subjected to subsequent treatment or storage.
During implementation, a spatial rectangular coordinate system can be established at the circle center of the tail end of the underflow pipe, the spatial rectangular coordinate system takes the direction in which the axis of the underflow pipe extends towards the overflow pipe as the forward direction of the z axis, and the points on the cyclone satisfy the following relational expression:
wherein x and z represent the values of a point on the cyclone on the x-axis and z-axis, respectively, L u The length of the underflow pipe is 380-420mm i Indicating the length of the swirl chamber (not shown); by the above relation, the inner diameter of the cyclone at a certain point, namely the absolute value of x, can be obtained only by determining the position of the point on the cyclone on the z axis.
Comparative experiment:
the traditional straight-face double-cone section and the smooth transition section cyclone of the invention are adopted to carry out emulsion breaking and dehydration separation on the emulsion respectively, the high-voltage pulse power supply used by the two sections is consistent with the embodiment, the flow speed, pressure, water content, kinematic viscosity and the like of the emulsion are also consistent with the embodiment, and the lengths and diameters of the two cyclones are specifically as follows:
wherein D is o Is the diameter of the overflow pipe, L t Is the total length of a straight-faced double-cone section or a smooth transition pipe section, and L t ＝L 1 +L 2 ，L 1 Is the length L of the middle-small diameter straight-face conical section of the concave arc transition section or the straight-face double-conical section 2 The length of the large-diameter straight-face conical section in the convex circular arc transition section or the straight-face double-conical section can be seen in fig. 3.
Experimental results and analysis:
referring to FIG. 5, wherein A represents a straight-faced dual-cone structure swirler, B represents a swirler employing smoothly-transitioning segments, Δ P 1 Is the pressure difference between the inlet tube and the overflow tube; delta P 2 Is the pressure difference between the inlet pipe 3 and the underflow pipe.
In comparison, Δ P 2 More important because it marks the pressure loss of the liquid flow through the cyclone. Pressure drop delta P of swirler with traditional straight-face double-cone structure 2 Pressure drop Δ P of swirler with smooth transition pipe section of =0.249MPa 2 =0.165MPa, which is a 33.7% reduction. The cyclone with the smooth transition pipe section has low energy consumption and is more beneficial to the separation of oil phase and water phase.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a bar graph of the separation efficiency of the two, where a represents the cyclone with the straight-face double-cone structure, and B represents the cyclone with the smooth transition pipe section, it can be seen that the separation efficiency of the cyclone with the smooth transition pipe section is as high as 95% or more, which is improved by 5% or more compared with the separation efficiency of the conventional cyclone with the straight-face double-cone structure.
Aiming at the characteristics of a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion, the emulsion is input into a cyclone at two-way same flow, and under the action of a high-voltage electric field, the efficient aggregation of water drops in the emulsion is promoted, so that the particle size of the water drops is increased; the smooth transition pipe section is smoothly connected in a double-arc section tangent mode, so that the flow field of the pipe section between the cyclone chamber and the underflow pipe is more stable, oil-water separation in emulsion is facilitated, and efficient demulsification and dehydration treatment of industrial waste oil is realized in electric field-cyclone centrifugal field coupling.
Finally, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The demulsification dehydration separation method of the emulsion comprises a cyclone, wherein the cyclone comprises a cylindrical cyclone chamber and an underflow pipe which is coaxial with the cyclone chamber, one end of the cyclone chamber is closed and is connected with an inlet pipe and an overflow pipe which is coaxial with the cyclone chamber, and the inlet pipe is tangential to the circumferential inner wall of the cyclone chamber and is communicated with the cyclone chamber; the method is characterized in that: the overflow pipe penetrates through the closed end of the cyclone chamber in an insulating way, and the inner end of the overflow pipe is communicated with the cyclone chamber; the other end of the cyclone chamber faces the underflow pipe and is communicated with the underflow pipe through a coaxial smooth transition pipe section; the wall of the cyclone chamber and the overflow pipe are made of conductive materials;
the method also comprises the following steps:
1) Pretreating the emulsion;
2) The overflow pipe faces upwards, and the underflow pipe faces downwards; the overflow pipe is electrically connected with the anode of the high-voltage pulse power supply, and the cyclone chamber is grounded;
3) Continuously inputting the pretreated emulsion into a cyclone chamber from an inlet pipe;
4) Collecting or transporting the oil phase discharged from the overflow pipe and the water phase discharged from the underflow pipe respectively;
on the axial section of the cyclone chamber, the inner wall of the smooth transition pipe section comprises a convex arc transition section and a concave arc transition section, the inner diameter of the convex arc transition section is gradually reduced, the large diameter end of the convex arc transition section is tangent to the cyclone chamber, the small diameter end of the convex arc transition section is tangent to the large diameter end of the concave arc transition section, and the small diameter end of the concave arc transition section is tangent to the inner wall of the underflow pipe;
the number of the inlet pipes is two, and the two inlet pipes are symmetrical about the axis center of the cyclone chamber;
half of the overflow pipe is positioned in the cyclone chamber, and the position relation between the inlet pipe and the overflow pipe is as follows:
L w ＝L s /2-D t
wherein L is w The distance between one side of the inlet pipe close to the convex arc transition section and one end of the overflow pipe in the cyclone chamber on the axis of the cyclone chamber is L s The length of the overflow pipe is 65-75mm t Is the diameter of the inlet pipe and takes the value of 10-14 mm;
the radius of the concave arc transition section and the radius of the convex arc transition section satisfy the following relational expression:
r sinα+r sinα＝L 1 +L 2
wherein R is the radius of the concave arc transition section, R is the radius of the convex arc transition section, alpha is the arc angle of the concave arc transition section, D u The inner diameter of the underflow pipe is 8-12mm s The inner diameter of the cyclone chamber is 65-75mm 1 Is the length of the concave arc transition section, L 2 Is the length of the convex arc transition section, and L t ＝L 1 +L 2 ，L t The value of (A) is 410-450 mm;
establishing a space rectangular coordinate system at the circle center of the tail end of the underflow pipe, wherein the space rectangular coordinate system takes the direction in which the axis of the underflow pipe extends towards the overflow pipe as the positive direction of a z-axis;
the points on the convex arc transition section satisfy the following relational expression:
wherein x and z represent the values of a point on the convex arc transition segment on the x-axis and z-axis, respectively, L u The length of the underflow pipe is represented and is 380-420 mm;
the points on the concave arc transition section satisfy the following relational expression:
2. the method for demulsifying, dehydrating and separating an emulsion according to claim 1, wherein: the water content of the emulsion after pretreatment in the step 1) is 2 to 25 percent by mass percent, and the kinematic viscosity of the emulsion after pretreatment at 40 ℃ is less than 46mm 2 /s。
3. The method for demulsifying, dehydrating and separating an emulsion according to claim 1, wherein: the voltage range of the high-voltage pulse power supply in the step 2) is 1kV to 10kV, the frequency is 10Hz to 100Hz, and the pulse duty ratio is 0.5 to 1.
4. The method for demulsifying, dehydrating and separating an emulsion according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 3), the flow velocity of the emulsion in the inlet pipe is 8-12 m/s, and the pressure is 0.2-0.3 MPa (G).
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| CN212491683U (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2021-02-09 | 重庆工商大学 | Vortex centrifugation and coalescence separation lubricating oil combined demulsification dehydration device |
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