CN113179078B - Solar compensation method and device for photovoltaic power generation panel and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Solar compensation method and device for photovoltaic power generation panel and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113179078B CN113179078B CN202110361886.2A CN202110361886A CN113179078B CN 113179078 B CN113179078 B CN 113179078B CN 202110361886 A CN202110361886 A CN 202110361886A CN 113179078 B CN113179078 B CN 113179078B
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
- H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/20—Optical components
- H02S40/22—Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solar energy compensation method, a device and electronic equipment of a photovoltaic power generation plate. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the solar energy received by the photovoltaic panel is compensated by the fixedly installed plane mirror, and the annual energy generation capacity under different angle combinations is accurately calculated to obtain the optional angle combination and the optimal angle combination between the photovoltaic panel and the plane mirror, so that the power generation power of the photovoltaic power generation panel under the same condition is remarkably improved at lower cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation compensation, in particular to a solar energy compensation method and device of a photovoltaic power generation panel and electronic equipment.
Background
The photovoltaic power generation panel is a device for directly converting solar energy into electric energy by utilizing a photovoltaic effect (photovoltaic) generated by a semiconductor material under illumination conditions, and is the most direct one of a plurality of solar energy utilization modes, and most of the materials are silicon. However, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic power generation panels on the market at present is between 12% and 30%, and generally the higher the efficiency is, the higher the cost is.
Concentrating photovoltaic systems often employ a combination of concentrators, concentrator cells, and solar tracking systems, which are costly due to the need for corresponding control and power devices. There is a need to provide compensation and gain for solar radiation energy received by photovoltaic panels at a lower cost to increase the power generated by the photovoltaic panels under comparable conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a solar compensation method and device for a photovoltaic power generation plate and electronic equipment, and aims to improve the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation plate under the same condition at lower cost.
In order to solve the technical problems, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a solar compensation method for a photovoltaic power generation panel is provided, wherein the front surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel faces in a direction of right south, the inclination of the photovoltaic power generation panel is within a first preset inclination range, a plane mirror is arranged right in front of the photovoltaic power generation panel, the inclination of the plane mirror is within a second preset inclination range, and an angle combination which increases annual energy generation by more than 10% is selected from various angle combinations consisting of the first preset inclination and the second preset inclination by adjusting the inclination of the photovoltaic power generation panel and the inclination of the plane mirror in combination with a ray tracing method and a monte carlo method, and is used as an optional angle combination, and the optional angle combination is applied to installation of the photovoltaic power generation panel and the plane mirror.
In some embodiments, the angle combination with the greatest annual energy production is selected from the selectable angle combinations as an optimal angle combination, and the optimal angle combination is applied to the installation of the photovoltaic power panel and the plane mirror.
In some embodiments, the photovoltaic power generation panel is fixedly installed with an inclination in the optimal angle combination, and the inclination of the plane mirror includes a spring-autumn mode, a summer mode and a winter mode, wherein in the spring-autumn mode, the inclination of the plane mirror is an optimal angle corresponding to a maximum power generation amount in a spring or a autumn, in the summer mode, the inclination of the plane mirror is an optimal angle corresponding to a maximum power generation amount in a summer, and in the winter mode, the inclination of the plane mirror is an optimal angle corresponding to a maximum power generation amount in a winter.
The second aspect of the invention provides a solar compensation device for a photovoltaic power generation panel, which comprises a photovoltaic power generation panel and a plane mirror, wherein the photovoltaic power generation panel and the plane mirror are installed according to the optional angle combination or the optimal angle combination.
A third aspect of the present invention proposes an electronic device comprising:
a memory storing executable program code;
a processor coupled to the memory;
and the processor calls the executable program codes stored in the memory to execute the solar compensation method of the photovoltaic power generation panel.
A fourth aspect of the present invention proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the solar compensation method of a photovoltaic power generation panel described above.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the solar energy received by the photovoltaic power generation panel is compensated by adopting the fixedly installed plane mirror, and the annual energy generation under different angle combinations is accurately calculated to obtain the optional angle combination and the optimal angle combination between the photovoltaic power generation panel and the plane mirror, so that the power generation power of the photovoltaic power generation panel under the same condition is remarkably improved with lower cost. In addition, the main raw materials of the plane mirror are glass and metal, so that the plane mirror has no pollution to the environment and can be recycled to a high degree.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a photovoltaic power generation panel and flat mirror combination according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coordinate system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description below, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and distinct. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the matters related to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.
The implementation sites of examples one and two were located at the center point of the Qinghai province Qidamu basin (east longitude 94.7 degrees, north latitude 37.1 degrees)) Solar radiation power per unit area P s ＝1.4KW/m 2 Photoelectric conversion efficiency ef=0.15 of the photovoltaic power generation panel used, reflectance ρ of the flat mirror used m ＝0.92。
Mounting a photovoltaic power generation panel array having a width of 2m and a length of 100m, so that a total area A of the photovoltaic power generation panel array p ＝200m 2 (m 2 ). The installation direction of the photovoltaic power generation plate is the front direction towards the front south, and the included angle between the photovoltaic power generation plate and the horizontal plane is recorded as theta p 。
And a plane mirror array is fixedly arranged right in front of the photovoltaic power generation plate, and the proximal end of each plane mirror is abutted against the front edge of the photovoltaic power generation plate array. A small gap is reserved between the adjacent plane mirror units so as to prevent the glass components from bursting along with thermal expansion and contraction of air temperature. The total length of the plane mirror array is 104 meters (2 meters extend from the left and right sides of the photovoltaic power generation plate array), the length of the plane mirror unit is 2 meters, and the projection of the width of the plane mirror unit on the horizontal plane is 2 meters, so that the total area A of the plane mirror array m ＝208÷cosθ m (m 2 ). The included angle between the plane mirror and the horizontal plane is recorded as theta m . As shown in fig. 1, the photovoltaic power generation panel and the plane mirror are arranged at the corresponding included angles.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a solar compensation method of a photovoltaic power generation panel, wherein the front face of the photovoltaic power generation panel faces to the right south direction, the inclination of the photovoltaic power generation panel is within a first preset inclination range, a plane mirror is arranged right in front of the photovoltaic power generation panel, the inclination of the plane mirror is within a second preset inclination range, the inclination of the photovoltaic power generation panel and the inclination of the plane mirror are adjusted, and an angle combination which increases annual energy generation by more than 10% is selected from various angle combinations formed by the first preset inclination and the second preset inclination by combining a ray tracing method and a Monte Carlo method to serve as an optional angle combination, and the optional angle combination is applied to installation of the photovoltaic power generation panel and the plane mirror.
According to the invention, the fixedly-installed plane mirror is adopted to provide compensation for solar energy received by the photovoltaic power generation panel, annual energy generation under different angle combinations is calculated accurately by combining a ray tracing method and a Monte Carlo method, the real illumination process is restored as much as possible, and the optional angle combination and the optimal angle combination between the photovoltaic power generation panel and the plane mirror are obtained, so that the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation panel under the same condition is obviously improved at lower cost. In addition, the main raw materials of the plane mirror are glass and metal, so that the plane mirror has no pollution to the environment and can be recycled to a high degree.
Further, the angle combination with the largest annual energy production is selected from the selectable angle combinations as the optimal angle combination, and the optimal angle combination is applied to the installation of the photovoltaic power generation panel and the plane mirror.
In the case where the flat mirror exists in this embodiment, the theoretical annual maximum power generation of the combination of the photovoltaic power generation panel and the flat mirror at different angles needs to be calculated. The first preset gradient range is 30-85 degrees, the second preset gradient range is 0-45 degrees, the gradient of the photovoltaic power generation panel and the gradient of the plane mirror are adjusted every 5 degrees, 120 angle combinations are all achieved, and the key point is that the instantaneous direct solar radiation ratio c received by the photovoltaic power generation panel is calculated d Instantaneous effective reflectance c of plane mirror r 。
The annual energy production calculation method is as follows:
A 1 (t)＝A p ·sinα (3)
A 2 (t)＝A m ·sinβ (4)
wherein W is DOY For theoretical daily maximum power generation, H rise When it is sunrise, H set P is the sunset place s Solar radiation power per unit area, A 1 (t) is the instantaneous maximum direct solar equivalent area of the photovoltaic power generation panel, c d Instantaneous direct solar ratio for photovoltaic panel reception；A 2 (t) is the instantaneous direct solar equivalent area of the plane mirror, ρ m Is the reflectivity of the plane mirror, c r Is the instantaneous effective reflection ratio of the plane mirror, EF is the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation plate,for the average solar direct equivalent area of the current photovoltaic power generation panel and plane mirror angle combination at 25 time nodes of a day, A p Is the area of the photovoltaic power generation plate, alpha is the included angle between the instantaneous ray vector and the photovoltaic power generation plate, A m Is the area of the plane mirror, and beta is the included angle between the instantaneous ray vector and the plane mirror. />When->When A is 1 (t)＝0；/>When (when)When A is 2 (t)＝0。
The theoretical maximum daily power generation amount is calculated by equally dividing the time from sunrise to sunset into 24 sections, calculating the average direct solar equivalent area of 25 time points and combining the maximum solar time of day and the solar radiation power of unit area.
Instantaneous direct solar radiation ratio c received by photovoltaic power generation panel d The calculation method of (1) is as follows:
s11, according to fig. 2, a space rectangular coordinate system is established with the midpoint of the boundary between the photovoltaic panel and the plane mirror as the origin, the forward direction in the south direction as the Y-axis, the forward direction in the west direction as the X-axis, and the upward direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane as the Z-axis. Calculating instantaneous ray vector emitted by sun by adopting ray tracing method
In the present embodiment, the normal vector of the photovoltaic panel is set asWherein X is p =0. Let Z p =1, then Y p ＝tanθ p . Photovoltaic power generation panel normal unit vector +.>Let the normal vector of the plane mirror be +.>Wherein X is m =0. Let Z m =1, then Y p ＝-tanθ p . Plane mirror normal unit vector
And calculating the unit vector of the solar ray at any moment. Date is expressed as DOY and is the number of days in a year, from 1 to 365. Local solar time H s Indicating solar time H in noon s At=12, the solar altitude reaches a maximum.
The latitude of the direct solar earth on the same day is declination, which is represented by delta, and the calculation formula is as follows:
the solar time angle is represented by omega, and the calculation formula is as follows:
at the latitude phi, the local time angle is omega, and the solar altitude angle theta h The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
θ h ＝arcsin(sinφsinδ+cosφcosδcosω)
let θ in the above h The corresponding solar time angle omega can be calculated by the method of (0), and then the time H of the sunrise and the local time of the day can be calculated by the method of the above rise And sunset time H set 。
Azimuth angle theta of sun a The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
knowing the solar altitude and azimuth, let the Y component Y of the solar ray vector at that time L = -1, then the X component is X L ＝±tanθ a When H s When the number is less than or equal to 12, the positive sign is taken, when H s Negative sign at > 12, Z componentLight vector is marked as +.>The ray unit vector is:
s12, placing the starting point of the instantaneous ray vector at any highest point P of the plane mirror b Extending the end point of the light unit vector to the surface of the photovoltaic power generation plate to obtain the three-dimensional coordinate P of the end point e ；
S13, combining the height h of the photovoltaic power generation plate p And three-dimensional coordinates P of the end point e Calculated to obtainc d ∈[0,1]Wherein Z is e Three-dimensional coordinates P of the end point e Is included in the Z-axis component of (a). Specifically, first ask for P b Distance to photovoltaic power generation panelThen->Wherein the height h of the photovoltaic power generation panel p ＝2·sinθ p 。
Instantaneous effective reflectance c of plane mirror r Calculated by the Monte Carlo method, the method is as follows:
s21, calculating normal unit vector of plane mirrorAccording to the instantaneous ray vector->Calculating the ray unit vector +.>
S22, whenIs greater than->When the light is incident on the plane mirror, the instantaneous light vector is +.>Randomly put on any point P on plane mirror i (X i ,Y i ,Z i ) On by producing a position->Random numbers in between as X i Generates a signal at [0, L p ]Random numbers therebetween as Y i Z is then i ＝Y i ·tanθ m Wherein θ m Is the included angle between the plane mirror and the horizontal plane, L m Is the length of the plane mirror, L p The width of the photovoltaic power generation plate; in the present embodiment, <' > a->Take [ -52,52]，[0,L p ]Take [0,2]。
S23, according to the unit vector of the lightAnd plane mirror normal unit vector->Obtaining the unit vector of the reflected lightWherein->Representing the inner product of the two vectors;
s24, reflecting the unit vector of the light rayThe starting point is placed at random point P i Where the reflected ray unit vector +.>The terminal point of the (C) is extended to the plane of the photovoltaic power generation plate to obtain the three-dimensional coordinate P of the terminal point r (X r ,Y r ,Z r ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Specifically, first ask for P i Distance to photovoltaic panel->Then->Wherein the angle between the reflected light and the photovoltaic panel is +.>
S25, ifAnd Z is r ∈[0,h p ]Random point P i Points N incorporated into an effective reflection e In the above, n=1000000 random dots are repeatedly applied, so that the instantaneous effective reflection ratio of the plane mirror at any time is +.>In the present embodiment, <' > a->Taking X r ∈[-50,50]。
The theoretical annual maximum power production for all angle combinations is shown in table 1. The calculation result shows that the photovoltaic power generation panel is installed at any angle between 40 and 80 degrees in the north latitude 37.1 degrees, and the plane mirror is installed at any angle between 5 and 25 degrees, so that compared with the mode that the photovoltaic power generation panel is independently installed at the optimal angle of 40 degrees, the power generation capacity can be improved by at least more than 10 percent. The photovoltaic power generation plate is installed at an angle of 60 degrees, the plane mirror is installed at an angle of 20 degrees, the theoretical maximum annual energy generation capacity is obtained to be about 138.8MWh, and the photovoltaic power generation plate can be additionally increased by about 21.64% compared with the photovoltaic power generation plate installed alone. Considering that the cost of the plane mirror in unit area is about 5% of the cost of the photovoltaic panel in unit area, the electricity-generating production cost of the photovoltaic panel can be reduced by about 15%, and the electricity-generating cost is close to the electricity-generating cost of thermal power generation, thereby being beneficial to achieving the aim of carbon peak and carbon neutralization in the early days.
TABLE 1 theoretical annual maximum Power Generation for all Angle combinations
It should be noted that when the latitude positions differ greatly, the combination of the angles between the photovoltaic panel and the plane mirror, which are selectable and optimal, may be different and require recalculation.
It should be noted that when the latitude positions differ greatly, the optimal angle combination between the photovoltaic panel and the plane mirror will be different and needs to be recalculated.
Example two
The photovoltaic power generation panel is fixedly installed with the inclination in the optimal angle combination described in the first embodiment, the inclination of the plane mirror includes a spring-autumn mode, a summer mode and a winter mode, the inclination of the plane mirror in the spring-autumn mode is an optimal angle corresponding to the largest seasonal power generation amount in spring or autumn, the inclination of the plane mirror in the summer mode is an optimal angle corresponding to the largest seasonal power generation amount in summer, and the inclination of the plane mirror in the winter mode is an optimal angle corresponding to the largest seasonal power generation amount in winter. Since the maximum power generation amount that can be achieved by the inclination of the flat mirror is different at different latitudes, it can be calculated by the method described in the first embodiment.
Since the implementation site of this embodiment is located at the center point (east longitude 94.7 degrees, north latitude 37.1 degrees) of the Qinghai province firewood basin, the photovoltaic power generation panel is fixedly installed at an inclination angle of 60 degrees, and the inclination of the plane mirror includes spring-autumn mode, summer mode and winter mode, the inclination of the plane mirror is 20 degrees in spring-autumn mode, the inclination of the plane mirror is 30 degrees in summer mode, and the inclination of the plane mirror is 0 degrees in winter mode.
The width of the plane mirror is fixed to 2.128 meters, which is consistent with the embodiment and is convenient for comparison. The photovoltaic power generation device comprises a plane mirror, a rotating shaft, arc-shaped stand columns, clamping grooves and clamping grooves, wherein the rotating shaft is respectively arranged at two vertexes of the front edge of the photovoltaic power generation plate at the near end of the plane mirror, the arc-shaped stand columns are respectively arranged at two vertexes of the far end of the plane mirror, and the clamping grooves are respectively arranged at 20-degree inclined angles and 30-degree inclined angles of the arc-shaped stand columns.
The plane mirror is adjusted to 20-degree inclination angles of the arc upright posts in two days of the standing spring (DOY=35) and the standing autumn (DOY=220), and is fixed by the clamping grooves; adjusting the plane mirror to the 30-degree inclination angle of the arc upright post on the summer (DOY=126) and fixing the plane mirror by using a clamping groove; the plane mirror is adjusted to the 0-degree inclination angle of the circular arc upright post on the summer day (DOY=311), namely, the plane mirror is horizontally placed on the ground. The angle is required to be adjusted four times a year, and the cleaning period of the photovoltaic power generation plate is almost equal to that of the photovoltaic power generation plate, and the surfaces of the photovoltaic power generation plate and the plane mirror can be cleaned and brushed at the moment so as to ensure that the generated energy cannot be influenced by dust.
Calculated, the theoretical annual maximum power generation of the scheme can be further improved to 153.8MWh, and the power generation can be increased by about 34.85 percent compared with the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation panel which is installed at the inclined angle of 40 degrees. But this scheme needs to add comparatively nimble adjustable device for the plane mirror to need suitably increase the distance between two adjacent rows of photovoltaic power generation boards, in order to reduce the shielding effect of front row's photovoltaic power generation board to back row plane mirror + photovoltaic power generation board. This embodiment is particularly suitable for distributed photovoltaic panels for domestic or community use.
Example III
The present embodiment proposes a solar compensation device for a photovoltaic power generation panel, as shown in fig. 1, including a photovoltaic power generation panel and a plane mirror, where the installation between the photovoltaic power generation panel and the plane mirror is performed according to the optional angle combination described in the first embodiment, or according to the optimal angle combination described in the first embodiment.
Example IV
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic modularized view of an electronic device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application, where the electronic device may be an upper computer. As shown in fig. 3, the electronic device may include:
a memory 101 storing executable program code;
a processor 202 coupled to the memory 101;
wherein the processor 202 invokes executable program code stored in the memory 101 to perform all or part of the steps of any of the solar compensation methods of photovoltaic panels described in the above embodiments.
The Memory 101 may include a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or a Read-Only Memory (Read-Only Memory). Optionally, the memory 101 includes a non-transitory computer readable medium (non-transitory computer-readable storage medium). Memory 101 may be used to store instructions, programs, code, sets of codes, or sets of instructions. The memory 101 may include a stored program area and a stored data area, wherein the stored program area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function, instructions for implementing the various method embodiments described above, and the like; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of the server, etc.
Processor 202 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 202 utilizes various interfaces and lines to connect various portions of the overall server, perform various functions of the server and process data by executing or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in the memory 101, and invoking data stored in the memory 101. Alternatively, the processor 202 may be implemented in hardware in at least one of digital signal processing (Digital Signal Processing, DSP), field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), programmable logic array (Programmable Logic Array, PLA). The processor 202 may integrate one or a combination of several of a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU) and a modem etc. Wherein, the CPU mainly processes an operating system, application programs and the like; the modem is used to handle wireless communications. It will be appreciated that the modem may not be integrated into the processor 202 and may be implemented by a single chip.
Example five
The present application further discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for electronic data exchange, wherein the computer program causes a computer to perform all or part of the steps of the solar compensation method of any one of the photovoltaic panels described in the above embodiments.
Furthermore, the embodiments of the present application further disclose a computer program product which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform all or part of the steps of any of the solar compensation methods for photovoltaic panels at any of the latitudinal locations described in the embodiments above.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps of the various methods of the above embodiments may be implemented by a program that instructs associated hardware, the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium including Read-Only Memory (ROM), random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), programmable Read-Only Memory (Programmable Read-Only Memory, PROM), erasable programmable Read-Only Memory (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, EPROM), one-time programmable Read-Only Memory (OTPROM), electrically erasable programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), compact disc Read-Only Memory (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory, CD-ROM) or other optical disk Memory, magnetic disk Memory, tape Memory, or any other medium that can be used for carrying or storing data that is readable by a computer.
Comparative example
For ease of comparison, calculate how much power can be produced at maximum per year without mirrors. The inclination angle of the photovoltaic power generation panel directly determines the maximum power generation capacity W of theoretical year ym . The theoretical annual maximum power generation under each angle can be calculated by adjusting the angle from 0 degree to 90 degrees and every 1 degreeTheoretical daily maximum power generation W DOY The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein P is s The solar radiation power per unit area, A (t) is the equivalent area of direct solar radiation with time, A (t) =A p Sin alpha, the angle between the light vector and the photovoltaic panelIn the concrete calculation, the time from sunrise to sunset is equally divided into 24 parts, and A (t) of 25 time nodes are calculated (note: when the included angle between the light vector and the normal of the front surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel is->When the light cannot fall on the photovoltaic power generation panel, A (t) =0), taking the average value of the 25 time nodes A (t) as the average direct solar equivalent area of the day +.>
The calculation result shows that the theoretical maximum annual energy generation capacity can be obtained when the inclination angle of the photovoltaic power generation panel is 40 degrees at 37.1 degrees in North latitude, the annual average energy generation capacity of the photovoltaic power generation panel per unit area is about 114.1MWh, and the daily average energy generation capacity of the photovoltaic power generation panel per unit area is about 1.56KWh.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the same, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the essence of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The solar compensation method of the photovoltaic power generation panel is characterized in that the front surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel faces to the right south direction, the inclination of the photovoltaic power generation panel is within a first preset inclination range, a plane mirror is arranged right in front of the photovoltaic power generation panel, the inclination of the plane mirror is within a second preset inclination range, and an angle combination which increases annual energy generation by more than 10% is selected from various angle combinations formed by the first preset inclination and the second preset inclination by combining a ray tracing method and a Monte Carlo method to serve as an optional angle combination, and the optional angle combination is applied to installation of the photovoltaic power generation panel and the plane mirror;
screening an angle combination with the largest annual energy generation from the selectable angle combinations as an optimal angle combination, and applying the optimal angle combination to the installation of the photovoltaic power generation panel and the plane mirror;
the annual energy production calculating method comprises the following steps:
A 1 (t)＝A p ·sinα (3)
A 2 (t)＝A m ·sinβ (4)
wherein W is DOY For theoretical daily maximum power generation, H rise When it is sunrise, H set P is the sunset place s Solar radiation power per unit area, A 1 (t) is the instantaneous maximum direct solar equivalent area of the photovoltaic power generation panel, c d An instantaneous direct solar ratio for the photovoltaic panel; a is that 2 (t) is the instantaneous direct solar equivalent area of the plane mirror, ρ m Is the reflectivity of the plane mirror, c r Is the instantaneous effective reflection ratio of the plane mirror, EF is the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation plate,for the average solar direct equivalent area of the current photovoltaic power generation panel and plane mirror angle combination at 25 time nodes of a day, A p Is the area of the photovoltaic power generation plate, alpha is the included angle between the instantaneous ray vector and the photovoltaic power generation plate, A m Is the area of the plane mirror, and beta is the included angle between the instantaneous ray vector and the plane mirror.
2. The solar compensation method of a photovoltaic power generation panel according to claim 1, wherein the first preset inclination range is 30-85 degrees and the second preset inclination range is 0-45 degrees.
3. The solar compensation method of a photovoltaic power generation panel according to claim 1, wherein the inclination of the photovoltaic power generation panel and the inclination of the plane mirror are adjusted every 5 degrees.
4. The solar compensation method of a photovoltaic power generation panel according to claim 1, whereinInstantaneous solar direct ratio c received by the photovoltaic power generation panel d The calculation method of (1) is as follows:
s11, establishing a space rectangular coordinate system by taking the midpoint of the boundary line between the photovoltaic power generation panel and the plane mirror as an origin, taking the forward direction as the Y-axis forward direction, taking the forward direction as the X-axis forward direction, taking the upward direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane as the Z-axis forward direction, and calculating the instantaneous light vector emitted by the sun by adopting a light ray tracing method
S12, placing the starting point of the instantaneous ray vector at any highest point P of the plane mirror b Extending the end point of the light unit vector to the surface of the photovoltaic power generation plate to obtain a three-dimensional coordinate P of the end point e ；
S13, combining the height h of the photovoltaic power generation plate p And the three-dimensional coordinates P of the end point e Calculated to obtainc d ∈[0,1]Wherein Z is e Three-dimensional coordinates P for the end point e Is included in the Z-axis component of (a).
5. The method for solar compensation of a photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the instantaneous effective reflectance c of the flat mirror r The method is calculated by the Monte Carlo method and is specifically as follows:
s21, calculating normal unit vector of plane mirrorAccording to the temporal ray vector->Calculating the ray unit vector +.>
S22, whenIs greater than->At this time, the instantaneous ray vector +.>Randomly put on any point P on the plane mirror i (X i ,Y i ,Z i ) On by producing a position->Random numbers in between as X i Generates a signal at [0, L p ]Random numbers therebetween as Y i ，Z i ＝Y i ·tanθ m Wherein θ m Is the included angle between the plane mirror and the horizontal plane, L m Is the length of the plane mirror, L p The width of the photovoltaic power generation plate;
s23, according to the light unit vectorAnd plane mirror normal unit vector->Obtaining the unit vector of the reflected light> Wherein->Representing the inner product of the two vectors;
s24, reflecting the unit vector of the light rayThe starting point is placed at random point P i Here, the reflected light ray unit vector +.>The terminal point of the (C) is extended to the plane of the photovoltaic power generation plate to obtain the three-dimensional coordinate P of the terminal point r (X r ,Y r ,Z r )；
S25, ifAnd Z is r ∈[0,h p ]The random point P i Points N incorporated into an effective reflection e In which n=1000000 random points are repeatedly applied, the instantaneous effective reflection ratio of the plane mirror at any time is +.>
6. The solar compensation method of the photovoltaic power generation panel according to claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic power generation panel is fixedly installed at an inclination in the optimal angle combination, the inclination of the plane mirror includes a spring-autumn mode, a summer mode, and a winter mode, the inclination of the plane mirror in the spring-autumn mode is an optimal angle corresponding to a seasonal maximum power generation amount in spring or autumn, the inclination of the plane mirror in the summer mode is an optimal angle corresponding to a seasonal maximum power generation amount in summer, and the inclination of the plane mirror in the winter mode is an optimal angle corresponding to a seasonal maximum power generation amount in winter.
7. A solar compensation device for a photovoltaic power panel, comprising a photovoltaic power panel and a flat mirror, wherein the installation between the photovoltaic power panel and the flat mirror is according to the selectable angle combination of claim 1 or according to the optimal angle combination of claim 1.
8. An electronic device, comprising:
a memory storing executable program code;
a processor coupled to the memory;
the processor invokes the executable program code stored in the memory to perform the solar compensation method of the photovoltaic panel of any of claims 1 to 6.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104167982A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-11-26 | 东南大学 | Photovoltaic power generation device |
| CN208190568U (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-12-04 | 李西平 | A kind of photovoltaic power generation equipment improving generated energy using glass-reflected |
| JP2020112765A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2020-07-27 | 株式会社西日本エイテック | Solar reflector plate |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104167982A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-11-26 | 东南大学 | Photovoltaic power generation device |
| CN208190568U (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-12-04 | 李西平 | A kind of photovoltaic power generation equipment improving generated energy using glass-reflected |
| JP2020112765A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2020-07-27 | 株式会社西日本エイテック | Solar reflector plate |
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