CN113176330A - Steel wire rope magnetic flux leakage detection system and application of system to elevator - Google Patents
Steel wire rope magnetic flux leakage detection system and application of system to elevator Download PDFInfo
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- CN113176330A CN113176330A CN202110485413.3A CN202110485413A CN113176330A CN 113176330 A CN113176330 A CN 113176330A CN 202110485413 A CN202110485413 A CN 202110485413A CN 113176330 A CN113176330 A CN 113176330A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
- B66B7/12—Checking, lubricating, or cleaning means for ropes, cables or guides
- B66B7/1207—Checking means
- B66B7/1215—Checking means specially adapted for ropes or cables
- B66B7/123—Checking means specially adapted for ropes or cables by analysing magnetic variables
Abstract
The invention discloses a steel wire rope magnetic flux leakage detection system and application of the system on an elevator, wherein the detection system comprises a magnetic detection unit, a magnetization unit, a signal processing control unit, a data communication unit, a cloud service platform and a detection terminal; the magnetic detection unit comprises a magnetic sensor component and a sensor driving circuit; the magnetizing unit comprises an excitation coil assembly and a coil control circuit; the signal processing control unit is electrically connected with the magnetic detection unit and the magnetization unit; the data communication unit is also in data connection with the signal processing control unit and the cloud service platform respectively; and the cloud service platform is in data connection with the detection terminal so as to store and process the received magnetic leakage signal data and then send the magnetic leakage signal data to the detection terminal in real time. The invention can detect the defects of the steel wire rope in real time, quickly and nondestructively, so that the steel wire rope can be replaced or maintained in time when the steel wire rope has the defects, and the use safety of the steel wire rope is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel wire rope damage detection, in particular to a steel wire rope magnetic flux leakage detection system and application of the system to an elevator.
Background
The steel wire rope is an important mechanical part for lifting, traction, tensioning, fastening and bearing in large-scale mechanical equipment. Common application scenarios are as follows: the device comprises an elevator, a crane, various hoists, a cable-stayed bridge, a suspension bridge, a cable car, a cableway, a tractor, a mooring rope for ocean engineering, a carrier-based aircraft arresting cable, various riggings and the like, and relates to various industries in national economy.
The advantages of the steel wire rope mainly include: the steel wire rope can transmit loads in a long distance, can bear the action of various loads and alternating loads, has light dead weight, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, good running stability and the like, but various production safety accidents caused by the failure of the steel wire rope are also frequent. With the acceleration of the industrialization and urbanization processes, safety accidents caused by the breakage of the steel wire rope frequently occur, and research and attention are brought to the problem of quickly detecting the breakage and breakage of the steel wire rope.
Safety and economy are always the key points of attention of people in the running process of the steel wire rope, especially the safe running of the steel wire rope is the primary premise of the application of the steel wire rope, and the use economy of the steel wire rope can be considered only on the basis of ensuring the safety. Therefore, how to design a steel wire rope detection system to realize real-time, rapid and nondestructive detection of the defects of the steel wire rope so as to be capable of timely replacing or maintaining the steel wire rope when the defects occur, and improving the use safety of the steel wire rope also becomes a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: how to provide a can carry out real-time, quick, nondestructive test to wire rope's defect to change or maintenance that can be timely when wire rope appears the defect, improve the wire rope magnetic leakage detecting system of the security that the wire rope used.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a steel wire rope magnetic flux leakage detection system comprises a magnetic detection unit, a magnetization unit, a signal processing control unit, a data communication unit, a cloud service platform and a detection terminal;
the magnetic detection unit comprises a magnetic sensor assembly for detecting a magnetic leakage signal of the steel wire rope and a sensor driving circuit for driving the magnetic sensor assembly to detect the magnetic leakage signal of the steel wire rope;
the magnetizing unit comprises an excitation coil assembly for generating an excitation magnetic field and a coil control circuit for driving the excitation coil assembly to generate the excitation magnetic field, and the excitation coil assembly is sleeved outside the steel wire rope and is coaxially arranged with the steel wire rope, so that the excitation magnetic field generated by the excitation coil assembly can magnetize the steel wire rope at the corresponding position along the axial direction of the steel wire rope;
the signal processing control unit is electrically connected with the magnetic detection unit to provide a control signal for the sensor driving circuit to drive the magnetic sensor and receive and process a magnetic leakage signal of the steel wire rope detected by the magnetic sensor assembly, and is also electrically connected with the magnetization unit to provide a control signal for the coil control circuit to drive the excitation coil assembly to generate an excitation magnetic field;
the data communication unit is also in data connection with the signal processing control unit and the cloud service platform respectively so as to send the magnetic flux leakage signal data of the steel wire rope converted and processed by the signal processing control unit to the cloud service platform;
the cloud service platform is in data connection with the detection terminal so as to receive the magnetic flux leakage signal data of the steel wire rope, which is converted and processed by the signal processing control unit, and then the magnetic flux leakage signal data is stored and processed and then sent to the detection terminal in real time.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the steel wire rope is a common ferromagnetic material and has good magnetic conductivity, when the scheme is used for magnetic leakage detection of the steel wire rope, the signal processing control unit controls the coil control circuit to drive the excitation coil assembly to generate an excitation magnetic field and controls the sensor drive circuit to drive the magnetic sensor assembly to detect a magnetic leakage signal of the steel wire rope, at the moment, the excitation magnetic field generated by the excitation coil assembly magnetizes the steel wire rope at a corresponding position along the axial direction of the steel wire rope, and magnetic lines of force of the excitation magnetic field penetrate through the steel wire rope along a certain direction; for the steel wire rope with defects on the surface or inside, the induced magnetic field can be distorted and leaked at the defects to form a leakage magnetic field, therefore, the leakage magnetic signal at the defects of the steel wire rope can be detected by placing the magnetic sensor component near the defects of the steel wire rope, then the detected leakage magnetic signal is further transmitted to the signal processing control unit, the leakage magnetic signal data of the steel wire rope detected by the magnetic sensor component of the signal processing control unit is processed and then further transmitted to the cloud service platform through the data communication unit for storage and processing, the leakage magnetic signal data of the steel wire rope stored and processed by the cloud service platform is further output to the detection terminal, at the moment, a user can check the leakage magnetic conditions of the steel wire rope at different positions in real time through the detection terminal, and can timely maintain or replace the steel wire rope with higher risk coefficient according to the detection display data, the stability and reliability of the working performance of the steel wire rope are ensured.
In conclusion, the scheme can be used for detecting the defects of the steel wire rope in real time, quickly and nondestructively so as to replace or maintain the steel wire rope in time when the steel wire rope has the defects, and further improve the use safety of the steel wire rope.
Preferably, the excitation coil assembly includes two first excitation coils and two second excitation coils that the size is the same and wholly be circular structure, first excitation coil with the second excitation coil is coaxial and along axial direction parallel arrangement, just first excitation coil with the axial distance of second excitation coil equals first excitation coil's radius, first excitation coil with excitation current size in the second excitation coil is the same and the direction is unanimous.
Like this, first excitation coil and second excitation coil are coaxial and along axial parallel arrangement, distance between the two equals the radius of two excitation coils, and the electric current size equidirectional unanimity of two excitation coils, can make near its public axis mid point of meter produce comparatively extensive even magnetic field area in the middle of two excitation coils like this, thereby make the wire rope that is located this even magnetic field area can be even magnetized, avoid the influence that magnetic field distribution detected the wire rope magnetic leakage, further improved the accuracy that detects the wire rope magnetic leakage.
Preferably, the magnetic sensor subassembly sets up first excitation coil with the intermediate position of second excitation coil axial interval, just the magnetic sensor subassembly includes a plurality of magnetic sensors along wire rope circumference equipartition, so that it is a plurality of the magnetic sensor can be right the corresponding position of wire rope circumference carries out the magnetic leakage and detects.
Therefore, as the first excitation coil and the second excitation coil generate a wider uniform magnetic field area near the midpoint of the common axis of the first excitation coil and the second excitation coil, the magnetic sensor assembly is arranged in the middle of the axial distance between the two excitation coils, so that the steel wire rope at the detection position of the magnetic sensor assembly has an area with more uniform magnetic field distribution, and the accuracy of the magnetic sensor assembly in detecting the magnetic leakage of the steel wire rope can be improved; meanwhile, the detection angle of a single magnetic sensor is often effective, and the defects of the steel wire rope possibly exist at each position in the circumferential direction, so that the magnetic leakage detection of different positions in the circumferential direction of the steel wire rope is realized by uniformly distributing the plurality of magnetic sensors in the circumferential direction of the steel wire rope, the occurrence of the missed detection condition is reduced, and meanwhile, the plurality of magnetic sensors simultaneously detect the circumferential direction of the steel wire rope, and the detection efficiency can also be improved.
Preferably, the magnetic sensor is a tunnel magneto-resistance sensor, the magnetic sensor assembly comprises 8 tunnel magneto-resistance sensors which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed along a steel wire rope, and each tunnel magneto-resistance sensor circumferentially detects an angle of 25 degrees.
Thus, the operating principle of the tunneling magnetoresistive sensor (TMR sensor) is the TMR effect: that is, based on the tunneling effect of electrons in the insulating layer, the magnetic tunnel junction having the "ferromagnetic layer/nonmagnetic insulating layer/ferromagnetic layer" sandwich structure has tunnel current and tunnel resistance depending on the relative orientation of the magnetizations of the two ferromagnetic layers under the action of a voltage across the insulating layer, and in the case of saturation magnetization, the magnetization directions of the two ferromagnetic layers are parallel to each other, and the coercive forces of the two ferromagnetic layers are generally different, so that in reverse magnetization, the magnetization vectors of the ferromagnetic layers having a small coercive force are first inverted, so that the magnetization directions of the two ferromagnetic layers become antiparallel, resulting in a large change in tunnel resistance.
Tunnel magneto resistor sensor adopts push-pull Wheatstone bridge structural design, 4 MTJ sensing elements contain wherein, can effectively solve the problem of sensor temperature drift, and simultaneously, because its output signal peak-to-peak value can reach 80% of operating voltage, consequently, follow-up signal processing circuit's design has been simplified greatly, the whole volume of sensor has been reduced and development manufacturing cost has been practiced thrift, in addition, tunnel magneto resistor sensor still has reliable and stable, the low power dissipation, the linearity is good and linear range is wide, interference immunity is good, ageing properties can characteristics such as the decline is few down, can be at high temperature, the greasy dirt, stable work under the abominable operating mode such as dust.
Meanwhile, because the circumferential covering capacity of a single tunnel magneto-resistance sensor to the steel wire rope is limited, the missed detection condition can occur to the broken wire defect distributed at any position in the circumferential direction of the steel wire rope, the arrangement mode that a plurality of tunnel magneto-resistance sensors are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the steel wire rope is adopted, the circumferential detection range of the single tunnel magneto-resistance sensor is 25 degrees, the full covering detection of 360 degrees in the circumferential direction of the steel wire rope can be realized by uniformly distributing 8 tunnel magneto-resistance sensors along the circumferential direction of the steel wire rope, and the missed detection condition is avoided.
Preferably, the magnetism detecting element still includes flexible circuit board, flexible circuit board wholly is ring shape structure and coaxial cover and establishes outside wire rope, 8 tunnel magneto resistor sensor distributes along the circumference equipartition the inboard of flexible circuit board, just the outside of flexible circuit board is installed on the support.
Thus, 8 tunnel magneto-resistance sensors are uniformly distributed and welded on the inner surface of the flexible circuit board, the flexible circuit board is connected with a corresponding control circuit, so that an annular sensor array structure is formed, when in detection, a detected steel wire rope passes through an annular sensor array formed by the 8 tunnel magneto-resistance sensors, and the real-time detection of the wire breakage defect of the whole steel wire rope is realized through the relative motion between the detected steel wire rope and the annular sensor array formed by the 8 tunnel magneto-resistance sensors; meanwhile, 8 tunnel magneto-resistance sensors are just distributed uniformly along the circumferential direction of the steel wire rope, and the detection range of the steel wire rope is enlarged.
Preferably, the flexible circuit board is made of polyimide or polyester film as a base material.
Thus, the flexible circuit board made of the polyimide or polyester film as the base material has small volume, light weight, high reliability and flexibility.
Preferably, the signal processing control unit includes a filter circuit, an AD conversion circuit, and a differential amplifier circuit, a signal input terminal of the filter circuit is connected to a signal output terminal of the magnetic sensor module to perform filtering processing on the output signal of the magnetic sensor module, a signal input terminal of the AD conversion circuit is connected to a signal output terminal of the filter circuit to convert the analog signal output by the filter circuit into a digital signal, and a signal input terminal of the differential amplifier circuit is connected to a signal output terminal of the AD conversion circuit to perform amplification processing on the digital signal output by the AD conversion circuit.
Therefore, the signal processing control unit can further improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the original signal detected by the magnetic sensor assembly by processing the original signal, lays a foundation for subsequent defect feature extraction, the original signal detected by the magnetic sensor assembly firstly passes through the filter circuit, the noise is filtered, then the AD conversion circuit is used for converting the analog signal into the digital signal, and the converted digital signal is further transmitted to the cloud service platform by performing signal amplification through the differential amplification circuit.
Preferably, the cloud service platform adopts a big data architecture, accesses data in real time by relying on the internet of things technology, and comprises a data acquisition module, a data monitoring and analyzing module, a data exchange sharing module and a platform monitoring management module;
the data acquisition module is in communication connection with the signal processing control unit to acquire the digital signal output by the signal processing control unit;
the data monitoring and analyzing module is used for monitoring data of the detection terminal in real time, analyzing and mining big data and monitoring and managing a topological structure of the communication network of the Internet of things;
the data exchange sharing module is used for providing an interface for data access and sharing fusion for multiple data sources and multiple data formats;
the platform monitoring management module has the functions of remote firmware upgrading and remote configuration and is used for realizing all-around monitoring management on the detection terminal and the communication equipment.
Therefore, the cloud service platform adopts a big data architecture and supports memory, flow calculation and distributed storage. The cloud service platform has the functions of equipment access, application development, configuration service, operation and maintenance management, data statistics and analysis and the like, and is used for building an internet of things system in a modularization, modularization and systematization mode.
The utility model provides an application of wire rope magnetic leakage detecting system on the elevator, adopts above-mentioned wire rope magnetic leakage detecting system, will excitation coil subassembly with the coaxial cover of magnetic sensor subassembly is established outside elevator wire rope and is fixed on the top of elevator through the bottom base station, starts the elevator for elevator wire rope removes, excitation coil subassembly magnetizes elevator wire rope's different positions, the magnetic leakage detection is carried out to elevator wire rope's different positions to the magnetic leakage signal that obtains elevator wire rope different positions to the magnetic sensor subassembly.
Thus, when the detection system is applied to an elevator to detect the elevator steel wire rope, the excitation coil assembly and the magnetic sensor assembly are coaxially sleeved outside the elevator steel wire rope and are fixed at the top end of the elevator through the bottom base, when the elevator is running, the elevator steel wire rope moves, so that the relative positions of the excitation coil assembly and the magnetic sensor assembly and the elevator steel wire rope are changed, thus, the excitation coil assembly can magnetize different positions of the elevator steel wire rope, the magnetic sensor assembly can detect the magnetic leakage of different positions of the elevator steel wire rope, the detection of magnetic leakage signals of different positions of the elevator steel wire rope can be realized, and then the user can judge the wearing and tearing condition and the danger coefficient of elevator wire rope's different positions through the magnetic leakage data that detect to in time carry out maintenance and change to the higher elevator wire rope of danger coefficient.
Preferably, a distance sensor is further arranged on one side of the bottom base platform close to the elevator car, the distance sensor is electrically connected with a control system of the elevator car, and the control system of the elevator car controls the elevator car to stop ascending when the distance sensor detects that the distance between the bottom base platform and the elevator car is smaller than a set value.
Therefore, the distance sensor is arranged on one side, close to the elevator car, of the bottom base platform, the distance between the bottom base platform and the elevator car is detected in real time through the distance sensor, when the distance between the bottom base platform and the elevator car is smaller than the set safe distance, the elevator car stops rising, the problem of collision between the bottom base platform and the elevator car can be avoided, and the working safety of the bottom base platform and the elevator car is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a connection block diagram of a magnetic flux leakage detection system for a steel wire rope according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of magnetic lines when the wire rope is free of defects;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of magnetic lines when a defect occurs in a steel wire rope;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the state of the magnetic coil assembly and the magnetic sensor assembly at the location where the magnetic flux leakage detection system of the present invention is engaged with a steel wire rope;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors on a flexible circuit board in the steel wire rope magnetic flux leakage detection system according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the state of the magnetic-flux leakage detecting system of the present invention in the position where the exciting coil assembly and the magnetic sensor assembly are engaged with the wire rope when the magnetic-flux leakage detecting system is applied to an elevator;
fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a of fig. 6.
Description of reference numerals: the device comprises a steel wire rope 1, a first excitation coil 2, a flexible circuit board 3, a tunnel magneto-resistance sensor 4, a support 5, a second excitation coil 6, a bottom base platform 7, a distance sensor 8 and a lift car 9.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a steel wire rope magnetic flux leakage detection system comprises a magnetic detection unit, a magnetization unit, a signal processing control unit, a data communication unit, a cloud service platform and a detection terminal;
the magnetic detection unit comprises a magnetic sensor assembly for detecting a magnetic leakage signal of the steel wire rope and a sensor driving circuit for driving the magnetic sensor assembly to detect the magnetic leakage signal of the steel wire rope;
the magnetizing unit comprises an excitation coil assembly for generating an excitation magnetic field and a coil control circuit for driving the excitation coil assembly to generate the excitation magnetic field, and the excitation coil assembly is sleeved outside the steel wire rope and is coaxially arranged with the steel wire rope so that the excitation magnetic field generated by the excitation coil assembly can magnetize the steel wire rope at the corresponding position along the axial direction of the steel wire rope;
the signal processing control unit is electrically connected with the magnetic detection unit to provide a control signal for the sensor driving circuit to drive the magnetic sensor and receive a magnetic leakage signal of the steel wire rope detected by the magnetic sensor component, and is also electrically connected with the magnetization unit to provide a control signal for the coil control circuit to drive the excitation coil component to generate an excitation magnetic field;
the data communication unit is also in data connection with the signal processing control unit and the cloud service platform respectively so as to send the magnetic flux leakage signal data of the steel wire rope converted and processed by the signal processing control unit to the cloud service platform;
the cloud service platform is in data connection with the detection terminal so as to store and process the received magnetic flux leakage signal data of the steel wire rope converted and processed by the signal processing control unit and then send the magnetic flux leakage signal data to the detection terminal in real time.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the steel wire rope is a common ferromagnetic material and has good magnetic conductivity, when the scheme is used for magnetic leakage detection of the steel wire rope, the signal processing control unit controls the coil control circuit to drive the excitation coil assembly to generate an excitation magnetic field and controls the sensor drive circuit to drive the magnetic sensor assembly to detect a magnetic leakage signal of the steel wire rope, at the moment, the excitation magnetic field generated by the excitation coil assembly magnetizes the steel wire rope at a corresponding position along the axial direction of the steel wire rope, and magnetic lines of force of the excitation magnetic field penetrate through the steel wire rope along a certain direction, because the magnetic conductivity of the ferromagnetic material is far greater than that of the steel wire rope in the air, if the steel wire rope is uniform and continuous in material and the surface and the internal structure are intact, the magnetic lines of force are almost completely distributed in the steel wire rope (as shown in figure 2); for the steel wire rope with defects on the surface or inside, the induced magnetic field can be distorted and leaked to form a leakage magnetic field (as shown in figure 3), therefore, the leakage magnetic signal at the defect of the steel wire rope can be detected by placing the magnetic sensor component near the defect of the steel wire rope, then the detected leakage magnetic signal is further transmitted to the signal processing control unit, the leakage magnetic signal data of the steel wire rope detected by the magnetic sensor component of the signal processing control unit is processed and then further transmitted to the cloud service platform through the data communication unit for storage and processing, the leakage magnetic signal data of the steel wire rope stored and processed by the cloud service platform is further output to the detection terminal, at the moment, a user can check the leakage magnetic conditions of different positions of the steel wire rope in real time through the detection terminal, and can timely maintain or replace the steel wire rope with higher danger coefficient according to the detection display data, the stability and reliability of the working performance of the steel wire rope are ensured.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the field coil assembly includes two first field coils 2 and two second field coils 6 which have the same size and are integrally circular, the first field coils 2 and the second field coils 6 are coaxial and are arranged in parallel along the axial direction, the axial distance between the first field coils 2 and the second field coils 6 is equal to the radius of the first field coils 2, and the field currents in the first field coils 2 and the second field coils 6 have the same magnitude and the same direction.
Like this, first excitation coil 2 and second excitation coil 6 are coaxial and along axial parallel arrangement, distance between the two equals the radius of two excitation coils, and the electric current size equidirectional unanimity of two excitation coils, can make near its public axis mid point of meter produce comparatively extensive even magnetic field area in the middle of two excitation coils like this, thereby make being located this even magnetic field area's wire rope 1 can be even magnetized, avoid the influence of magnetic field distribution to 1 magnetic leakage detection of wire rope, further improved the accuracy that detects 1 magnetic leakage of wire rope.
In this embodiment, the magnetic sensor assembly is disposed at the middle position of the axial distance between the first excitation coil 2 and the second excitation coil 6, and the magnetic sensor assembly includes a plurality of magnetic sensors uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the steel wire rope 1, so that the plurality of magnetic sensors can perform magnetic flux leakage detection on the corresponding positions in the circumferential direction of the steel wire rope 1.
In this way, because the first excitation coil 2 and the second excitation coil 6 generate a wider uniform magnetic field region near the midpoint of the common axis, the magnetic sensor assembly is arranged at the middle position of the axial distance between the two excitation coils, so that the steel wire rope 1 at the detection position of the magnetic sensor assembly has a region with uniform magnetic field distribution, and the accuracy of the magnetic sensor assembly in detecting the magnetic flux leakage of the steel wire rope 1 can be improved; meanwhile, the detection angle of a single magnetic sensor is often effective, and the defects of the steel wire rope 1 may exist at each position in the circumferential direction, so that the magnetic leakage detection of different positions in the circumferential direction of the steel wire rope 1 is realized by uniformly distributing the plurality of magnetic sensors in the circumferential direction of the steel wire rope 1, the occurrence of the missed detection condition is reduced, and meanwhile, the plurality of magnetic sensors simultaneously detect the circumferential direction of the steel wire rope 1, and the detection efficiency can also be improved.
In this embodiment, the magnetic sensor is the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 4, the magnetic sensor assembly includes 8 tunnel magnetoresistive sensors 4 evenly distributed along the circumference of the steel wire rope 1, and the circumferential detection angle of each tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 4 is 25 °.
Thus, the operating principle of the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 4 (TMR sensor) is the TMR effect: that is, based on the tunneling effect of electrons in the insulating layer, the magnetic tunnel junction having the "ferromagnetic layer/nonmagnetic insulating layer/ferromagnetic layer" sandwich structure has tunnel current and tunnel resistance depending on the relative orientation of the magnetizations of the two ferromagnetic layers under the action of a voltage across the insulating layer, and in the case of saturation magnetization, the magnetization directions of the two ferromagnetic layers are parallel to each other, and the coercive forces of the two ferromagnetic layers are generally different, so that in reverse magnetization, the magnetization vectors of the ferromagnetic layers having a small coercive force are first inverted, so that the magnetization directions of the two ferromagnetic layers become antiparallel, resulting in a large change in tunnel resistance.
Tunnel magneto resistor sensor 4 adopts push-pull Wheatstone bridge structural design, 4 MTJ sensing element contain wherein, can effectively solve the problem of sensor temperature drift, and simultaneously, because its output signal peak-to-peak value can reach 80% of operating voltage, consequently, follow-up signal processing circuit's design has been simplified greatly, the whole volume of sensor has been reduced and development manufacturing cost has been practiced thrift, in addition, tunnel magneto resistor sensor 4 still has reliable and stable, the low power dissipation, the linearity is good and linear range is wide, interference immunity is good, ageing properties can reduce characteristics such as few, can be at high temperature, the greasy dirt, stable work under the abominable operating mode such as dust.
Simultaneously, because single tunnel magneto resistance sensor 4 is limited to wire rope 1's circumference coverage ability, the condition of examining will appear leaking to the broken filament defect of distributing in wire rope 1 circumference optional position, consequently adopt the even arrangement mode of arranging of a plurality of tunnel magneto resistance sensors 4 along wire rope 1's circumference, single tunnel magneto resistance sensor 4's circumference detection range is 25, 8 tunnel magneto resistance sensors 4 along 1 circumference equipartition of wire rope then can realize detecting wire rope 1 circumference 360's full coverage, avoid the emergence of the condition of examining.
In this embodiment, the magnetic detection unit further includes a flexible circuit board 3, the flexible circuit board 3 is a circular ring structure and coaxially sleeved outside the steel wire rope 1, 8 tunnel magneto-resistance sensors 4 are uniformly distributed on the inner side of the flexible circuit board 3 along the circumferential direction, and the outer side of the flexible circuit board 3 is mounted on the support 5.
Thus, 8 tunnel magneto-resistance sensors 4 are uniformly distributed and welded on the inner surface of the flexible circuit board 3, the flexible circuit board 3 is connected with a corresponding control circuit, and therefore an annular sensor array structure is formed, when in detection, the steel wire rope 1 to be detected penetrates through the annular sensor array formed by the 8 tunnel magneto-resistance sensors 4, and the real-time detection of the wire breakage defect of the whole steel wire rope 1 is realized through the relative motion between the steel wire rope and the annular sensor array formed by the 8 tunnel magneto-resistance sensors 4; meanwhile, 8 tunnel magneto-resistance sensors 4 are just distributed uniformly along the circumferential direction of the steel wire rope 1, and the detection range of the steel wire rope 1 is enlarged.
In the present embodiment, the flexible circuit board 3 is made of polyimide or polyester film as a base material.
Thus, the flexible circuit board 3 made of the polyimide or polyester film as the base material is small in volume and light in weight, and has high reliability and flexibility.
In this embodiment, the signal processing control unit includes a filter circuit, an AD conversion circuit, and a differential amplifier circuit, a signal input terminal of the filter circuit is connected to the signal output terminal of the magnetic sensor module to perform filter processing on the output signal of the magnetic sensor module, a signal input terminal of the AD conversion circuit is connected to the signal output terminal of the filter circuit to convert the analog signal output by the filter circuit into a digital signal, and a signal input terminal of the differential amplifier circuit is connected to the signal output terminal of the AD conversion circuit to perform amplifier processing on the digital signal output by the AD conversion circuit. In combination with the requirement of wire breakage defect magnetic leakage signals of the steel wire rope on the resolution of the chip, on the premise of reducing the device volume as much as possible and saving the cost, the AD conversion circuit of the embodiment selects a successive approximation type A/D conversion chip AD7606 with 8 paths of bipolar analog input.
Therefore, the signal processing control unit can further improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the original signal detected by the magnetic sensor assembly by processing the original signal, lays a foundation for subsequent defect feature extraction, the original signal detected by the magnetic sensor assembly firstly passes through the filter circuit, the noise is filtered, then the AD conversion circuit is used for converting the analog signal into the digital signal, and the converted digital signal is further transmitted to the cloud service platform by performing signal amplification through the differential amplification circuit.
In this embodiment, the cloud service platform adopts a big data architecture, accesses data in real time by relying on the internet of things technology, and comprises a data acquisition module, a data monitoring and analyzing module, a data exchange and sharing module and a platform monitoring and management module;
the data acquisition module is in communication connection with the signal processing control unit to acquire a digital signal output by the signal processing control unit;
the data monitoring and analyzing module is used for monitoring data of the detection terminal in real time, analyzing and mining big data and monitoring and managing a topological structure of the communication network of the Internet of things;
the data exchange sharing module is used for providing an interface for data access and sharing fusion for multiple data sources and multiple data formats;
the platform monitoring management module has the functions of remote firmware upgrading and remote configuration and is used for realizing all-around monitoring management on the detection terminal and the communication equipment.
Therefore, the cloud service platform adopts a big data architecture and supports memory, flow calculation and distributed storage. The cloud service platform has the functions of equipment access, application development, configuration service, operation and maintenance management, data statistics and analysis and the like, and is used for building an internet of things system in a modularization, modularization and systematization mode.
As shown in the accompanying drawings 6 and 7, the application of the steel wire rope magnetic leakage detection system on the elevator adopts the steel wire rope magnetic leakage detection system, the excitation coil assembly and the magnetic sensor assembly are coaxially sleeved outside the elevator steel wire rope 1 and fixed on the top end of the elevator through the bottom base platform 7, the elevator is started, the elevator steel wire rope 1 is made to move, the excitation coil assembly magnetizes different positions of the elevator steel wire rope 1, the magnetic sensor assembly performs magnetic leakage detection on different positions of the elevator steel wire rope 1, and magnetic leakage signals of different positions of the elevator steel wire rope 1 are obtained.
Thus, when the detection system is applied to an elevator to detect the elevator steel wire rope 1, the excitation coil assembly and the magnetic sensor assembly are coaxially sleeved outside the elevator steel wire rope 1 and are fixed at the top end of the elevator through the bottom base 7, when the elevator is operated, the elevator wire rope 1 moves, so that the relative positions of the exciting coil assembly and the magnetic sensor assembly and the elevator wire rope 1 are changed, thus, the excitation coil assembly can magnetize different positions of the elevator steel wire rope 1, the magnetic sensor assembly can detect the magnetic leakage at different positions of the elevator steel wire rope 1, the detection of the magnetic leakage signals at different positions of the elevator steel wire rope 1 can be realized, and then the user can judge the wearing and tearing condition and the danger coefficient of elevator wire rope 1's different positions through the magnetic leakage data that detect to in time the maintenance and the change of going on elevator wire rope 1 that danger coefficient is higher.
In this embodiment, a distance sensor 8 is further disposed on a side of the bottom base 7 close to the elevator car 9, the distance sensor 8 is electrically connected to a control system of the elevator car 9, and the control system of the elevator car 9 controls the elevator car 9 to stop ascending when the distance sensor 8 detects that the distance between the bottom base 7 and the elevator car 9 is smaller than a set value.
Thus, the distance sensor 8 is arranged on one side of the bottom base 7 close to the elevator car 9, the distance between the bottom base 7 and the elevator car 9 is detected in real time by the distance sensor 8, and when the distance between the bottom base 7 and the elevator car 9 is smaller than the set safety distance, the elevator car 9 stops rising, so that the problem of collision between the bottom base and the elevator car can be avoided, and the working safety of the bottom base and the elevator car is ensured.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the technical solutions, and those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all that should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A steel wire rope magnetic flux leakage detection system is characterized by comprising a magnetic detection unit, a magnetization unit, a signal processing control unit, a data communication unit, a cloud service platform and a detection terminal;
the magnetic detection unit comprises a magnetic sensor assembly for detecting a magnetic leakage signal of the steel wire rope and a sensor driving circuit for driving the magnetic sensor assembly to detect the magnetic leakage signal of the steel wire rope;
the magnetizing unit comprises an excitation coil assembly for generating an excitation magnetic field and a coil control circuit for driving the excitation coil assembly to generate the excitation magnetic field, and the excitation coil assembly is sleeved outside the steel wire rope and is coaxially arranged with the steel wire rope, so that the excitation magnetic field generated by the excitation coil assembly can magnetize the steel wire rope at the corresponding position along the axial direction of the steel wire rope;
the signal processing control unit is electrically connected with the magnetic detection unit to provide a control signal for the sensor driving circuit to drive the magnetic sensor and receive and process a magnetic leakage signal of the steel wire rope detected by the magnetic sensor assembly, and is also electrically connected with the magnetization unit to provide a control signal for the coil control circuit to drive the excitation coil assembly to generate an excitation magnetic field;
the data communication unit is also in data connection with the signal processing control unit and the cloud service platform respectively so as to send the magnetic flux leakage signal data of the steel wire rope converted and processed by the signal processing control unit to the cloud service platform;
the cloud service platform is in data connection with the detection terminal so as to receive the magnetic flux leakage signal data of the steel wire rope, which is converted and processed by the signal processing control unit, and then the magnetic flux leakage signal data is stored and processed and then sent to the detection terminal in real time.
2. The magnetic flux leakage detection system for the steel wire rope according to claim 1, wherein the field coil assembly comprises a first field coil and a second field coil which are equal in size and have a circular structure integrally, the first field coil and the second field coil are coaxial and arranged in parallel along an axial direction, an axial distance between the first field coil and the second field coil is equal to a radius of the first field coil, and field currents in the first field coil and the second field coil are equal in magnitude and direction.
3. The wire rope magnetic leakage detection system of claim 2, wherein the magnetic sensor assembly is disposed at a position intermediate between the axial distances of the first excitation coil and the second excitation coil, and the magnetic sensor assembly comprises a plurality of magnetic sensors uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the wire rope, so that the plurality of magnetic sensors can perform magnetic leakage detection at corresponding positions in the circumferential direction of the wire rope.
4. The wire rope magnetic leakage detection system of claim 3, wherein the magnetic sensor is a tunnel magnetoresistive sensor, the magnetic sensor assembly comprises 8 tunnel magnetoresistive sensors evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the wire rope, and the circumferential detection angle of each tunnel magnetoresistive sensor is 25 °.
5. The wire rope magnetic leakage detection system of claim 4, characterized in that, magnetism detecting element still includes flexible circuit board, flexible circuit board wholly is ring shape structure and coaxial cover and establishes outside wire rope, 8 tunnel magneto resistor sensor distributes along the circumference equipartition in flexible circuit board's inboard, just flexible circuit board's the outside is installed on the support.
6. The steel wire rope magnetic flux leakage detection system according to claim 5, wherein the flexible circuit board is made of polyimide or polyester film as a base material.
7. The wire rope magnetic flux leakage detection system according to claim 1, wherein the signal processing control unit includes a filter circuit, an AD conversion circuit, and a differential amplification circuit, a signal input terminal of the filter circuit is connected to a signal output terminal of the magnetic sensor assembly to filter the output signal of the magnetic sensor assembly, a signal input terminal of the AD conversion circuit is connected to a signal output terminal of the filter circuit to convert the analog signal output by the filter circuit into a digital signal, and a signal input terminal of the differential amplification circuit is connected to a signal output terminal of the AD conversion circuit to amplify the digital signal output by the AD conversion circuit.
8. The steel wire rope magnetic flux leakage detection system according to claim 1, wherein the cloud service platform adopts a big data architecture, accesses data in real time by relying on an internet of things technology, and comprises a data acquisition module, a data monitoring and analyzing module, a data exchange sharing module and a platform monitoring management module;
the data acquisition module is in communication connection with the signal processing control unit to acquire the digital signal output by the signal processing control unit;
the data monitoring and analyzing module is used for monitoring data of the detection terminal in real time, analyzing and mining big data and monitoring and managing a topological structure of the communication network of the Internet of things;
the data exchange sharing module is used for providing an interface for data access and sharing fusion for multiple data sources and multiple data formats;
the platform monitoring management module has the functions of remote firmware upgrading and remote configuration and is used for realizing all-around monitoring management on the detection terminal and the communication equipment.
9. The application of the steel wire rope magnetic flux leakage detection system to an elevator is characterized in that the steel wire rope magnetic flux leakage detection system according to claim 1 is adopted, the magnet exciting coil assembly and the magnetic sensor assembly are coaxially sleeved outside an elevator steel wire rope and fixed to the top end of the elevator through a bottom base platform, the elevator is started, the elevator steel wire rope is made to move, the magnet exciting coil assembly magnetizes different positions of the elevator steel wire rope, and the magnetic sensor assembly conducts magnetic flux leakage detection on different positions of the elevator steel wire rope so as to obtain magnetic flux leakage signals of different positions of the elevator steel wire rope.
10. The use of the wire rope magnetic flux leakage detection system on an elevator according to claim 9, wherein a distance sensor is further disposed on a side of the bottom base close to the elevator car, the distance sensor is electrically connected to a control system of the elevator car, and the control system of the elevator car controls the elevator car to stop rising when the distance sensor detects that the distance between the bottom base and the elevator car is smaller than a set value.
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