CN113176069B - Multi-stage transmission small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test device and method - Google Patents
Multi-stage transmission small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113176069B CN113176069B CN202110424870.1A CN202110424870A CN113176069B CN 113176069 B CN113176069 B CN 113176069B CN 202110424870 A CN202110424870 A CN 202110424870A CN 113176069 B CN113176069 B CN 113176069B
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ice breaking, and particularly relates to a multi-stage transmission small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test device and method. The invention adopts a multistage transmission mode, firstly uses high-pressure gas to accelerate and impact the projectile body, and then instantly transmits the kinetic energy of the impacting projectile body to the test projectile body through the energy conversion system, thereby realizing the spatial separation of the acceleration process of the impacting projectile body and the launching process of the test projectile body, not only effectively avoiding the disturbance of the direct acceleration test projectile body modes such as high-pressure gas and mechanical ejection on water and an ice plate, but also allowing a larger expansion space for the length of the acceleration section, and obviously improving the emergent speed of the test projectile body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ice breaking, and particularly relates to a multi-stage transmission small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test device and method.
Background
The arctic region is the regional center of three continents in northern europe and north america, and the distance from the polar region to each country in the three continents is greatly shortened compared with other regions. Meanwhile, the sea surface of the arctic region is covered by ice and snow all the year round, and the underwater vehicle is protected by vast sea ice when navigating in the arctic ice region. Therefore, the research on the cross-medium movement of the underwater structure from the ice area to rapidly break through the ice layer is significant.
When the underwater vehicle needs ice-out operation in an ice area of a polar region, the underwater vehicle is usually floated on the ice surface to break the ice surface, and then the upper surface and the peripheral sea ice of the underwater vehicle are cleaned, so that the safety of the underwater vehicle is ensured and the subsequent operation is carried out. The whole process needs four stages of floating, ice breaking, cleaning, task execution and loading and sinking. The operation process is long, the operation is complex, the target is obvious, and the weak part of the shell of the underwater vehicle is easy to damage in the process of floating and breaking ice. The specially-made projectile body is directly released under ice, so that the projectile body is directly lifted off after breaking an ice layer at a high speed, the medium-crossing emergent flow of the projectile body can be greatly simplified, and the safety of the underwater vehicle in ice-out launching operation is improved. However, the cross-medium process of the high-speed impact ice breaking of the under-ice elastic body involves a complicated ice-water-structure coupling problem, and the action process is extremely complicated. At the present stage, a test device for simulating high-speed impact ice breaking of the under-ice projectile body is not available.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multistage-transmission small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test device capable of simulating a high-speed ice breaking process of an under-ice projectile.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the device comprises an impact projectile body acceleration system, an energy conversion system and high-speed ice breaking test environment equipment; the high-speed ice breaking test environment equipment comprises a test box and a projectile body recovery device; the ballistic projectile acceleration system comprises an air compressor; the output end of the air compressor is connected with an air inlet pipe of the high-pressure air cabin; an air outlet pipe of the high-pressure air cabin is connected with the input end of the impact magazine, and an air valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe; the upper end of the impact magazine is provided with a projectile body filling window, and the size of the projectile body filling window is matched with that of an impact projectile body; the launching end of the impact magazine is connected with the starting end of the acceleration straight pipe; the tail end of the acceleration straight pipe is connected with the lower end of the acceleration bent pipe; the energy conversion system comprises an impact pipe and an exhaust pipe; the lower end of the exhaust pipe is connected with the upper end of the acceleration bent pipe, and exhaust holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the exhaust pipe; the lower end of the impact tube is connected with the upper end of the exhaust tube, and the upper end of the impact tube penetrates through the bottom of the test box and is connected with a test projectile body exit tube arranged in the test box; the impact tube is axially hollow and communicated with the test projectile body emergent tube, and a transmission rod and a buffer spring are arranged in the impact tube; the lower end of the transmission rod is arranged above the exhaust pipe, and the upper end of the transmission rod extends into the test projectile body exit pipe; the whole buffer spring is sleeved on the transmission rod, and the upper end of the buffer spring is connected with the top of the inner side of the impact tube; a depth gauge is arranged in the test box and is arranged on the side of the test projectile body emergent tube; the upper end of the test box is opened and is connected with the projectile body recovery device.
The present invention may further comprise:
the lower end of the transmission rod is a disc with the diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the impact tube and slightly larger than the diameter of the buffer spring, the middle of the transmission rod is a round rod with the diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the test projectile body exit tube, the upper end of the transmission rod is a hemisphere with the diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the test projectile body exit tube, and an oil film for preventing water leakage and air leakage is arranged between the transmission rod and the inner wall of the test projectile body exit tube; the distance between the disc at the lower end of the transmission rod and the buffer spring is larger than the depth in the tube of the test projectile body exit tube.
The top of the test box is a conical top cover, and the upper end of the conical top cover is provided with an opening; the projectile body recovery device comprises a projectile body guide pipe, a projectile body outlet pipe and a projectile body buffer barrel; the projectile body guide pipe is a bent pipe, one end of the projectile body guide pipe is connected with the opening at the upper end of the conical top cover, and the other end of the projectile body guide pipe is connected with the upper end of the projectile body outlet pipe; the projectile body outlet pipe is a straight pipe; the projectile body buffer barrel is arranged below the projectile body outlet pipe, and a buffer material is added into the projectile body buffer barrel.
An observation window is arranged at the front side of the test box close to the bottom of the test box, and explosion-proof glass is arranged on the observation window; warm air channels are arranged around the explosion-proof glass, and warm air ports are uniformly distributed on the inner sides of the warm air channels; a warm air blower is arranged above the warm air duct and is connected with the warm air duct through a warm air pipe; the side edge of the test box is provided with a test box door close to the middle upper part, and the bottom of the inner side of the test box is provided with an underwater magnetic suction support.
The invention also aims to provide a multi-stage transmission small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test method.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: building a multi-stage transmission small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test device;
the multi-stage transmission small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test device comprises an impact projectile body acceleration system, an energy conversion system and high-speed ice breaking test environment equipment; the high-speed ice breaking test environment equipment comprises a test box and a projectile body recovery device; the ballistic projectile acceleration system comprises an air compressor; the output end of the air compressor is connected with an air inlet pipe of the high-pressure air cabin; the air outlet pipe of the high-pressure air cabin is connected with the input end of the impact magazine, and an air valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe; the upper end of the impact magazine is provided with a projectile filling window, and the size of the projectile filling window is matched with that of an impact projectile; the launching end of the impact magazine is connected with the starting end of the acceleration straight pipe; the tail end of the acceleration straight pipe is connected with the lower end of the acceleration bent pipe; the energy conversion system comprises an impact pipe and an exhaust pipe; the lower end of the exhaust pipe is connected with the upper end of the acceleration bent pipe, and exhaust holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the exhaust pipe; the lower end of the impact tube is connected with the upper end of the exhaust tube, and the upper end of the impact tube penetrates through the bottom of the test box and is connected with a test projectile body emergent tube arranged in the test box; the impact tube is axially hollow and communicated with the test projectile body emergent tube, and a transmission rod and a buffer spring are arranged in the impact tube; the lower end of the transmission rod is arranged above the exhaust pipe, and the upper end of the transmission rod extends into the test projectile body exit pipe; the whole buffer spring is sleeved on the transmission rod, and the upper end of the buffer spring is connected with the top of the inner side of the impact tube; a depth gauge is arranged in the test box and is arranged on the side of the test projectile body emergent tube; the upper end of the test box is opened and is connected with the projectile body recovery device; an observation window is arranged at the front side of the test box close to the bottom of the test box and is provided with explosion-proof glass; warm air channels are arranged around the explosion-proof glass, and warm air ports are uniformly distributed on the inner sides of the warm air channels; a warm air blower is arranged above the warm air duct and is connected with the warm air duct through a warm air pipe; a test box door is arranged at the position, close to the middle upper part, of the side edge of the test box, and an underwater magnetic support is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the test box; test recording equipment is respectively arranged outside the test box and on the underwater magnetic suction support;
and 2, step: closing an air valve on an air outlet pipe of the high-pressure air chamber, and starting an air compressor to inflate and pressurize the high-pressure air chamber;
and 3, step 3: placing the impact projectile into the impact magazine from the projectile filling window, and then sealing the projectile filling window; placing the test projectile body into the test projectile body exit pipe, and enabling the upper end of the transmission rod to be in contact with the lower end of the test projectile body;
and 4, step 4: adding ice water into the test box until the liquid level is higher than the upper end of the depth gauge; putting the test ice plate into ice water, and adjusting the water quantity in the test box to ensure that the lower surface of the test ice plate is just contacted with the upper end of the depth gauge;
and 5: adjusting the position of the test ice plate; adjusting the position and the angle of the test recording equipment; starting a warm air blower to heat the explosion-proof glass to remove water mist;
and 6: after the air compressor finishes pressurizing, opening the test recording equipment, and opening the air valve to start a test; after the test projectile body is iced and enters the projectile body recovery device, closing the air valve and stopping the test recording equipment;
and 7: and (4) immediately fishing out the crushed ice in the test box, splicing the original shape of the test ice plate as soon as possible, recording the final shape of the fragments and cracks, cleaning the crushed ice and water traces on the inner wall of the test box and the explosion-proof glass, and preparing for the next working condition test.
The present invention may further comprise:
the lower end of the transmission rod is a disc with the diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the impact tube and slightly larger than the diameter of the buffer spring, the middle of the transmission rod is a round rod with the diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the test projectile body exit tube, the upper end of the transmission rod is a hemisphere with the diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the test projectile body exit tube, and an oil film for preventing water leakage and air leakage is arranged between the transmission rod and the inner wall of the test projectile body exit tube; the distance between the disc at the lower end of the transmission rod and the buffer spring is greater than the depth in the test projectile body emergent tube.
The top of the test box is a conical top cover, and the upper end of the conical top cover is provided with an opening; the projectile body recovery device comprises a projectile body guide pipe, a projectile body outlet pipe and a projectile body buffer barrel; the projectile body guide pipe is a bent pipe, one end of the projectile body guide pipe is connected with the opening at the upper end of the conical top cover, and the other end of the projectile body guide pipe is connected with the upper end of the projectile body outlet pipe; the projectile body outlet pipe is a straight pipe; the projectile body buffering barrel is arranged below the projectile body outlet pipe, and a buffering material is added into the projectile body buffering barrel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts a multistage transmission mode, firstly uses high-pressure gas to accelerate and impact the projectile body, and then instantly transmits the kinetic energy of the impact projectile body to the test projectile body through the energy conversion system, thereby realizing the spatial separation of the acceleration process of the impact projectile body and the launching process of the test projectile body, not only effectively avoiding the disturbance of the direct acceleration test projectile body modes such as high-pressure gas and mechanical ejection on water and ice plates, but also allowing the length of the acceleration section to have larger expansion space, and obviously improving the emergence speed of the test projectile body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a multi-stage drive small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test device.
Fig. 2 is a partial perspective view of the high speed projectile drive section of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an overall schematic view of a multi-stage transmission small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention aims to provide a multi-stage transmission small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test device capable of simulating the high-speed ice breaking process of an ice projectile body, and the multi-stage transmission small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test device has the characteristics of simplicity in operation, high simulation speed and easiness in observation of the test process.
The invention discloses a multi-stage transmission small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test device which comprises an impact projectile body acceleration system, an energy conversion system and high-speed ice breaking test environment equipment. The impact projectile acceleration system comprises a horizontal straight line acceleration section and a vertical bending acceleration section; the energy conversion system transmits the kinetic energy of the impact projectile body to the test projectile body; the high-speed ice breaking test environment equipment provides an under-ice breaking environment and an elastomer recovery system for the high-speed ice breaking process of the test elastomer.
The impact projectile acceleration system comprises a base 1, an air compressor 2, a high-pressure air cabin 5, an acceleration straight pipe 10 and an acceleration bent pipe 11; set up high-pressure intake pipe 3 between air compressor 2 and the high-pressure gas cabin 5, the high-pressure gas cabin is fixed on base 1 through two solid fixed rings 4, and the originated section of straight tube 10 sets up top open-ended impact magazine 8 with higher speed. An opening above the impact magazine 8 just allows the impact projectile body 15 to be put in and can be sealed by the magazine cover 9, and an air valve 7 is arranged between the impact magazine 8 and the high-pressure air chamber 5. The end section of the accelerating straight pipe 10 is connected with the lower section of the accelerating bent pipe 11, the inner walls of the accelerating straight pipe 10 and the accelerating bent pipe 11 are smooth, and the inner diameter of the accelerating straight pipe 10 and the accelerating bent pipe 11 is slightly larger than the diameter of the impact projectile body 15.
An exhaust pipe 13 is arranged below an impact pipe 33 in the energy conversion system, the exhaust pipe 13 is connected with the top of the acceleration bent pipe 11, and exhaust holes 14 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction; the outer side of the impact tube 33 is connected with the bottom of the test box 22, and the top of the impact tube is provided with a test projectile body emergent tube 35; the test projectile body 19 is placed in the test projectile body emergent tube 35, the impact tube 33 is axially hollow and communicated with the test projectile body emergent tube 35, and the transmission rod 16 is arranged in the impact tube. The lower end of the transmission rod 16 is a disc with the diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the impact tube 33 and slightly larger than the diameter of the buffer spring 32, the middle of the transmission rod is a round rod with the diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the test projectile body exit tube 35, the upper end of the transmission rod is a hemisphere with the diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the test projectile body exit tube 35, and an oil film is arranged between the transmission rod 16 and the inner wall of the test projectile body exit tube 35 to prevent water leakage and air leakage. The top of the inner side of the impact tube 33 is provided with a buffer spring 32. The distance between the disc at the lower end of the transmission rod 16 and the buffer spring 32 is greater than the depth of the test projectile body exit tube 35, and after the impact projectile body 16 impacts the transmission rod 16, the test projectile body 19 is firstly pushed out of the test projectile body exit tube 35 and then is in contact with the buffer spring 32 for deceleration. The depth gauge 18 is arranged on one side of the test projectile body exit tube 35.
In the high-speed ice breaking test environment equipment, a rectangular observation hole is formed in the front side of a test box 22 close to the bottom, explosion-proof glass 21 is installed, warm air channels 23 are arranged around the explosion-proof glass 21, warm air ports 36 are uniformly distributed on the inner sides of the warm air channels 23, a warm air blower 26 is arranged above the warm air channels 23, and the warm air channels 23 are connected with the warm air blower 26 through a warm air pipe 24. The side edge of the test box 22 is provided with a test box door 25 near the middle upper part, the bottom of the inner side of the test box 22 is provided with a plurality of underwater magnetic suction supports 34, and the underwater magnetic suction supports 34 can be provided with lighting or photographing equipment. The cone-shaped top cover 27 is connected to the top of the test box 22, the projectile body guide pipe 28 is connected to the top of the cone-shaped top cover 27, the tail end of the projectile body guide pipe 28 is connected with the test projectile body exit pipe 35, the test projectile body 19 is guided by the cone-shaped top cover 27 and the projectile body guide pipe 28 after ice breaking and is ejected into the projectile body buffering barrel 30 from the test projectile body exit pipe 35, and fine sand is placed inside the projectile body buffering barrel 30 and used for buffering the projectile body.
A multi-stage transmission small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test method comprises four stages:
the first stage is a high-pressure gas preparation stage: closing the air valve, and starting an air compressor to inflate and pressurize the high-pressure air chamber;
the second stage is a test preparation stage: firstly, putting an impact projectile body into an impact projectile cabin, covering a projectile cabin cover, putting a test projectile body into a test projectile body emergent pipe, adjusting the depth of a depth gauge, installing test recording equipment such as a diving lamp and a waterproof camera on an underwater magnetic suction support according to needs, adding a certain amount of ice water into a test box until the liquid level is slightly higher than the tail end of the depth gauge, then putting a test ice plate into ice water, finely adjusting the water amount in the test box to enable the lower surface of the test ice plate to be just contacted with the depth gauge, then adjusting the position of the test ice plate and the shooting position and angle of the underwater camera, then erecting a high-speed camera in front of the test box, and starting a fan heater to heat explosion-proof glass to remove water mist;
the third stage is an ice breaking test stage: after the air compressor finishes pressurizing, opening the test recording equipment, opening the air valve, launching the test projectile, closing the air valve after the test projectile falls into the buffer barrel, and stopping the test recording equipment;
the fourth stage is the subsequent stage of the test: and (3) immediately fishing out broken ice in the test box, splicing the broken ice back to the original shape of the test ice plate as soon as possible, recording the final shapes of fragments and cracks, cleaning broken ice and water traces on the inner wall of the test box and the explosion-proof glass, and then repeating the steps I and II to prepare for the next working condition test.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial synergy that: the invention relates to a test device specially designed for simulating the process of ice breaking by impact of an under-ice high-speed projectile body, and at present, no related patent for simulating the similar process of ice breaking by impact of the under-ice high-speed projectile body exists. The invention adopts a multistage transmission mode, firstly uses high-pressure gas to accelerate and impact the projectile body, and then instantly transmits the kinetic energy of the impact projectile body to the test projectile body through the energy conversion system, thereby realizing the spatial separation of the acceleration process of the impact projectile body and the launching process of the test projectile body, not only effectively avoiding the disturbance of the direct acceleration test projectile body modes such as high-pressure gas and mechanical ejection on water and ice plates, but also allowing the length of the acceleration section to have larger expansion space, and obviously improving the emergence speed of the test projectile body.
In fig. 1, an air compressor 2 is arranged above a base 1, the air compressor 2 is connected with a high-pressure air chamber 5 through a high-pressure air inlet pipe 3, the high-pressure air chamber 5 is fixed on the base 1 through a fixing ring 4, the other end of the high-pressure air chamber 5 is provided with an air outlet pipe 6, the air outlet pipe 6 is connected with an air valve 7, the other end of the air valve 7 is directly connected with an acceleration straight pipe 10, the initial section of the acceleration straight pipe 10 is provided with an impact magazine 8, a magazine cover 9 is arranged above the impact magazine 8, the tail section of the acceleration straight pipe 10 is connected with an acceleration elbow pipe 11, the lower part of the acceleration elbow pipe 11 is provided with an elbow pipe support 12, the top of the acceleration elbow pipe 11 is connected with an exhaust pipe 13, a plurality of exhaust holes 14 are uniformly distributed around the circular pipe of the exhaust pipe 13, a transmission rod 16 is arranged in the middle part above the exhaust pipe 13, the impact projectile 15 collides with the transmission rod 16 after accelerating straight pipe 10 and the acceleration elbow pipe 11, a test projectile 19 is arranged on the top of the transmission rod 16, the transmission rod 16 and the test projectile body 16 are arranged inside the test box 22, the depth gauge 18 is arranged on the lateral side of the test projectile body 19, the top of the depth gauge 18 is tightly attached to the test ice board 20, the bottom of the test box is provided with test box legs 17, the position, close to the bottom of the test box, in front of the test box 22 is provided with a rectangular observation hole and is provided with explosion-proof glass 21, the periphery of the explosion-proof glass 21 is provided with a warm air duct 23, the warm air fan 26 is arranged above the explosion-proof glass 21, the warm air fan 26 is connected with the warm air duct 23 through three warm air ducts 24, the middle upper part of the lateral side of the test box 22 is provided with a rectangular hole and is provided with a test box door 25, the top of the test box 22 is connected with a conical top cover 27, the top of the conical top cover 27 is connected with the projectile body guide tube 28, the projectile body outlet tube 29 is connected with the other side of the projectile body guide tube 28, a projectile body buffer barrel 30 is arranged under the projectile body outlet tube 29, and a buffer barrel support 31 is arranged under the projectile body buffer barrel 30.
In fig. 2, the top of the accelerating elbow 11 is connected with an exhaust pipe 13, a plurality of exhaust holes 14 are uniformly distributed around the circular pipe of the exhaust pipe 13, an impact pipe 33 is connected above the exhaust pipe 13, the outside of the impact pipe 33 is connected with the bottom of a test box 22, the upper part of the impact pipe 33 is sealed, a test projectile body emergent pipe 35 is arranged between the tops of the impact pipe 33, the impact pipe 33 and the test projectile body emergent pipe 35 are axially communicated with each other and are provided with a transmission rod 16, a buffer spring 32 is arranged between the transmission rod 16 and the top end inside the impact pipe 33, a depth gauge 18 is arranged on the side edge of the test projectile body emergent pipe 35, the top of the depth gauge 18 is tightly attached to a test ice plate 20, an underwater magnetic attraction support 34 is arranged at the bottom inside the test box 22, a rectangular observation hole is formed in the front of the test box 22 and is close to the bottom of the test box, an explosion-proof glass 21 is provided with a warm air duct 23 around the explosion-proof glass 21, a warm air duct 24 is arranged on the side of the warm air duct 23, and a plurality of warm air ports 36 are uniformly distributed on the inner side of the warm air duct 23 and close to the explosion-proof glass 2.
In fig. 3, an air compressor 2 is arranged above a base 1, the air compressor 2 is connected with a high-pressure air chamber 5 through a high-pressure air inlet pipe 3, the high-pressure air chamber 5 is fixed on the base 1 through a fixing ring 4, the other end of the high-pressure air chamber 5 is provided with an air outlet pipe 6, the air outlet pipe 6 is connected with an air valve 7, the other end of the air valve 7 is directly connected with an acceleration straight pipe 10, the initial section of the acceleration straight pipe 10 is provided with an impact magazine 8, the upper part of the impact magazine 8 is provided with a magazine cover 9, the tail section of the acceleration straight pipe 10 is connected with an acceleration elbow 11, the lower part of the acceleration elbow 11 is provided with an elbow support 12, the top of the acceleration elbow 11 is connected with an exhaust pipe 13, a plurality of exhaust holes 14 are uniformly distributed around the circular pipe of the exhaust pipe 13, the upper part of the exhaust pipe 13 is connected with an impact pipe 33, the outer part of the impact pipe 33 is connected with the bottom of a test box 22, the middle part of the impact pipe 33 is provided with a transmission rod 16, the impact body 15 collides with the transmission rod 16 after accelerating straight pipe 10 and the acceleration elbow 11, test projectile 19 is placed at the top of transmission rod 16, transmission rod 16 and test projectile 19 are arranged inside test box 22, depth ruler 18 is arranged on the side of test projectile 19, test ice board 20 is tightly attached to the top of depth ruler 18, test box leg 17 is arranged at the bottom of test box, rectangular observation hole is formed in the position, close to the bottom of test box, in front of test box 22, explosion-proof glass 21 is installed, warm air duct 23 is arranged on the periphery of explosion-proof glass 21, warm air blower 26 is arranged above explosion-proof glass 21, warm air blower 26 is connected with warm air duct 23 through three warm air ducts 24, the top of test box 22 is connected with conical top cover 27, the top of conical top cover 27 is connected with projectile guide pipe 28, projectile body outlet pipe 29 is connected with the other side of projectile body guide pipe 28, projectile body buffer barrel 30 is arranged right below projectile body outlet pipe 29, and buffer barrel support 31 is arranged below projectile body buffer barrel 30.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a high-speed test device that goes out ice of multistage driven minor disturbance which characterized in that: the device comprises an impact projectile body acceleration system, an energy conversion system and high-speed ice breaking test environment equipment; the high-speed ice breaking test environment equipment comprises a test box and a projectile body recovery device; the ballistic projectile acceleration system comprises an air compressor; the output end of the air compressor is connected with an air inlet pipe of the high-pressure air cabin; the air outlet pipe of the high-pressure air cabin is connected with the input end of the impact magazine, and an air valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe; the upper end of the impact magazine is provided with a projectile body filling window, and the size of the projectile body filling window is matched with that of an impact projectile body; the launching end of the impact magazine is connected with the starting end of the acceleration straight pipe; the tail end of the acceleration straight pipe is connected with the lower end of the acceleration bent pipe; the energy conversion system comprises an impact pipe and an exhaust pipe; the lower end of the exhaust pipe is connected with the upper end of the acceleration bent pipe, and exhaust holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the exhaust pipe; the lower end of the impact tube is connected with the upper end of the exhaust tube, and the upper end of the impact tube penetrates through the bottom of the test box and is connected with a test projectile body emergent tube arranged in the test box; the impact tube is axially hollow and communicated with the test projectile body emergent tube, and a transmission rod and a buffer spring are arranged in the impact tube; the lower end of the transmission rod is arranged above the exhaust pipe, and the upper end of the transmission rod extends into the test projectile body exit pipe; the whole buffer spring is sleeved on the transmission rod, and the upper end of the buffer spring is connected with the top of the inner side of the impact tube; a depth gauge is arranged in the test box and is arranged on the side of the test projectile body exit tube; the upper end of the test box is opened and is connected with the projectile body recovery device;
the top of the test box is a conical top cover, and the upper end of the conical top cover is provided with an opening; the projectile body recovery device comprises a projectile body guide pipe, a projectile body outlet pipe and a projectile body buffer barrel; the projectile body guide pipe is a bent pipe, one end of the projectile body guide pipe is connected with the opening at the upper end of the conical top cover, and the other end of the projectile body guide pipe is connected with the upper end of the projectile body outlet pipe; the projectile body outlet pipe is a straight pipe; the projectile body buffer barrel is arranged below the projectile body outlet pipe, and a buffer material is added into the projectile body buffer barrel;
an observation window is arranged at the front side of the test box close to the bottom of the test box, and explosion-proof glass is arranged on the observation window; warm air channels are arranged around the explosion-proof glass, and warm air ports are uniformly distributed on the inner sides of the warm air channels; a warm air blower is arranged above the warm air duct and is connected with the warm air duct through a warm air pipe; the side edge of the test box is provided with a test box door close to the middle upper part, and the bottom of the inner side of the test box is provided with an underwater magnetic suction support.
2. The multi-stage transmission small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower end of the transmission rod is a disc with the diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the impact tube and slightly larger than the diameter of the buffer spring, the middle of the transmission rod is a round rod with the diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the test projectile body exit tube, the upper end of the transmission rod is a hemisphere with the diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the test projectile body exit tube, and an oil film for preventing water leakage and air leakage is arranged between the transmission rod and the inner wall of the test projectile body exit tube; the distance between the disc at the lower end of the transmission rod and the buffer spring is larger than the depth in the tube of the test projectile body exit tube.
3. A multi-stage transmission small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: building a multi-stage transmission small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test device;
the multi-stage transmission small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test device comprises an impact projectile body acceleration system, an energy conversion system and high-speed ice breaking test environment equipment; the high-speed ice breaking test environment equipment comprises a test box and a projectile body recovery device; the ballistic projectile acceleration system comprises an air compressor; the output end of the air compressor is connected with an air inlet pipe of the high-pressure air cabin; an air outlet pipe of the high-pressure air cabin is connected with the input end of the impact magazine, and an air valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe; the upper end of the impact magazine is provided with a projectile filling window, and the size of the projectile filling window is matched with that of an impact projectile; the launching end of the impact magazine is connected with the starting end of the acceleration straight pipe; the tail end of the acceleration straight pipe is connected with the lower end of the acceleration bent pipe; the energy conversion system comprises an impact pipe and an exhaust pipe; the lower end of the exhaust pipe is connected with the upper end of the acceleration bent pipe, and exhaust holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the exhaust pipe; the lower end of the impact tube is connected with the upper end of the exhaust tube, and the upper end of the impact tube penetrates through the bottom of the test box and is connected with a test projectile body exit tube arranged in the test box; the impact tube is axially hollow and communicated with the test projectile body emergent tube, and a transmission rod and a buffer spring are arranged in the impact tube; the lower end of the transmission rod is arranged above the exhaust pipe, and the upper end of the transmission rod extends into the test projectile body emergent pipe; the whole buffer spring is sleeved on the transmission rod, and the upper end of the buffer spring is connected with the top of the inner side of the impact tube; a depth gauge is arranged in the test box and is arranged on the side of the test projectile body emergent tube; the upper end of the test box is opened and is connected with the projectile body recovery device; an observation window is arranged at the front side of the test box close to the bottom of the test box, and explosion-proof glass is arranged on the observation window; warm air channels are arranged around the explosion-proof glass, and warm air ports are uniformly distributed on the inner sides of the warm air channels; a warm air blower is arranged above the warm air duct and is connected with the warm air duct through a warm air pipe; a test box door is arranged at the position, close to the middle upper part, of the side edge of the test box, and an underwater magnetic support is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the test box; test recording equipment is respectively arranged outside the test box and on the underwater magnetic suction support;
step 2: closing an air valve on an air outlet pipe of the high-pressure air chamber, and starting an air compressor to inflate and pressurize the high-pressure air chamber;
and 3, step 3: putting the impact projectile into an impact magazine from a projectile charging window, and then sealing the projectile charging window; putting the test projectile into the test projectile body emergent tube, and enabling the upper end of the transmission rod to be in contact with the lower end of the test projectile body;
and 4, step 4: adding ice water into the test box until the liquid level is higher than the upper end of the depth gauge; putting the test ice plate into ice water, and adjusting the water quantity in the test box to ensure that the lower surface of the test ice plate is just contacted with the upper end of the depth gauge;
and 5: adjusting the position of the test ice plate; adjusting the position and the angle of the test recording equipment; starting a warm air blower to heat the explosion-proof glass to remove water mist;
and 6: after the air compressor finishes pressurizing, opening the test recording equipment, and opening the air valve to start a test; after the test projectile body is iced and enters the projectile body recovery device, closing the air valve and stopping the test recording equipment;
and 7: and (4) immediately fishing out the crushed ice in the test box, splicing the crushed ice back to the original shape of the test ice plate as soon as possible, recording the final shapes of the fragments and cracks, cleaning the crushed ice and water traces on the inner wall of the test box and the explosion-proof glass, and preparing for the next working condition test.
4. The multi-stage transmission small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the lower end of the transmission rod is a disc with the diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the impact tube and slightly larger than the diameter of the buffer spring, the middle of the transmission rod is a round rod with the diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the test projectile body exit tube, the upper end of the transmission rod is a hemisphere with the diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the test projectile body exit tube, and an oil film for preventing water leakage and air leakage is arranged between the transmission rod and the inner wall of the test projectile body exit tube; the distance between the disc at the lower end of the transmission rod and the buffer spring is greater than the depth in the test projectile body emergent tube.
5. The multi-stage transmission small-disturbance high-speed ice discharge test method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the top of the test box is a conical top cover, and the upper end of the conical top cover is provided with an opening; the projectile body recovery device comprises a projectile body guide pipe, a projectile body outlet pipe and a projectile body buffer barrel; the projectile body guide pipe is a bent pipe, one end of the projectile body guide pipe is connected with the opening at the upper end of the conical top cover, and the other end of the projectile body guide pipe is connected with the upper end of the projectile body outlet pipe; the projectile body outlet pipe is a straight pipe; the projectile body buffering barrel is arranged below the projectile body outlet pipe, and a buffering material is added into the projectile body buffering barrel.
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