CN113174314B - Straw and excrement mixed anaerobic fermentation reactor and biogas fermentation process thereof - Google Patents
Straw and excrement mixed anaerobic fermentation reactor and biogas fermentation process thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113174314B CN113174314B CN202110511581.5A CN202110511581A CN113174314B CN 113174314 B CN113174314 B CN 113174314B CN 202110511581 A CN202110511581 A CN 202110511581A CN 113174314 B CN113174314 B CN 113174314B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tank body
- pipe
- fermentation
- biogas
- fixedly arranged
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/16—Solid state fermenters, e.g. for koji production
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/36—Means for collection or storage of gas; Gas holders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
- C12M29/18—External loop; Means for reintroduction of fermented biomass or liquid percolate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
- C12M29/26—Conditioning fluids entering or exiting the reaction vessel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
- C12M41/18—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes
- C12M41/22—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes in contact with the bioreactor walls
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
- C12P5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
- C12P5/023—Methane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of anaerobic fermentation, in particular to a straw and excrement mixed anaerobic fermentation reactor and a biogas fermentation process thereof, wherein the reactor comprises a tank body and support legs; the support legs are fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the tank body; a feed inlet is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the tank body; a discharge hole is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the tank body; a vertical pipe and a transverse pipe are fixedly arranged on the side surface of the tank body; the lower end of the vertical pipe is fixedly connected to the transverse pipe, and the vertical pipe and the transverse pipe are communicated with each other; the inside of the vertical pipe is fixedly provided with an air duct through a bracket; the lower end of the air duct extends into the transverse tube, and the upper end of the air duct enters the tank body; both ends of the transverse pipe are communicated with the inner space of the tank body; an air outlet is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the vertical pipe; the biogas tank has a simple structure, the biogas slurry in the tank body is stirred in the biogas discharge process, the energy consumption is reduced, and meanwhile, the fermentation efficiency is improved and the volumetric gas production rate is increased through dry-wet two-step fermentation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of anaerobic fermentation, and particularly relates to a straw and excrement mixed anaerobic fermentation reactor and a biogas fermentation process thereof.
Background
A common method for treating organic wastes is anaerobic fermentation, and the method can change waste into valuable, namely, the organic wastes are subjected to anaerobic fermentation to generate methane and methane slag liquid, wherein the methane is a renewable new energy source, and the methane slag liquid can be used as an organic fertilizer or a substrate for producing an organic compound fertilizer. At present, the conventional anaerobic fermentation device generally adopts a fully mixed fermentation tank (CSTR), and the common problems and existing problems of the current biogas engineering built by using the device are as follows: the straws and the livestock and poultry manure are put into the same fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation, on one hand, the straws have low density and are easy to float on the top of the fermentation tank, so that the crusting on the top of the material or the short circuit of the material is easy to cause, and the blockage of a sludge pump is easy to cause; on the other hand, the carbon-rich raw materials with high fiber content of straws need to be firstly subjected to an acidification stage in the biogas fermentation process, the flora suitable for the acidification stage is facultative anaerobe, and all the materials are subjected to anaerobic fermentation by adopting a full-mixing type biogas fermentation device, so that the utilization rate of the straw materials is reduced, the volumetric gas production rate is reduced, the construction cost of the device is increased, the cost performance is poor, and the use and popularization are not facilitated.
Also there are some technical scheme about anaerobic fermentation reactor among the prior art, chinese patent as application number CN201921804971.6 discloses a practical anaerobic fermentation jar, including the fermentation tank body, the bottom fixedly connected with universal wheel of the fermentation tank body, the equal fixedly connected with hydraulic support device in bottom of the fermentation tank body both sides, the bottom of fermentation tank body inner chamber is provided with the PH detector, fixed mounting has the hot plate on the lateral wall of fermentation tank body inner chamber. According to the scheme, the heating plate is used for regulating and controlling the temperature in the fermentation tank body, the temperature is compensated, the normal fermentation is ensured, and meanwhile, the materials in the fermentation tank are stirred in a mechanical stirring mode, so that the fermentation efficiency is improved; however, in the using process, the scheme uses the motor to stir, needs to consume electric energy, increases energy consumption, and simultaneously, in the scheme, when the straw and the excrement are used for anaerobic fermentation, the straw and the excrement are completely mixed and then are directly subjected to anaerobic fermentation, so that the utilization rate of straw materials is easily reduced, and the volumetric gas production rate is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, solve the problems that extra electric energy is required to be consumed and the energy consumption is increased in the stirring process, and simultaneously improve the fermentation effect of materials and increase the volumetric gas production rate through dry-wet two-step fermentation, the invention provides a straw and excrement mixed anaerobic fermentation reactor and a biogas fermentation process thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a straw and excrement mixed anaerobic fermentation reactor, which comprises a tank body and support legs; the support legs are fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the tank body; the supporting legs are multiple and are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the tank body, the feeding branch pipe is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the tank body, and the lower end of the feeding branch pipe is communicated with the inner space of the tank body; the feeding branch pipes are multiple and are uniformly distributed around the center line of the tank body; a feeding hole is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the feeding branch pipe; a discharge hole is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the tank body; the discharge port is communicated with the inner space of the tank body, and the communication part of the discharge port and the space in the tank body is close to the bottom surface in the tank body;
a vertical pipe is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the tank body; a transverse pipe is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the tank body; the transverse pipes are distributed on the outer side surface of the tank body in an inclined upward manner; the lower end of the vertical pipe is fixedly connected with the middle position of the transverse pipe, and the vertical pipe and the transverse pipe are communicated with each other; the upper surface of the space in the vertical pipe is flush with the upper surface of the space in the tank body; the inside of the vertical pipe is fixedly provided with an air duct through a bracket; the lower end of the air duct extends into the transverse duct, and an opening at the lower end of the air duct faces to one end of the transverse duct, which is inclined downwards; the upper end of the air duct enters the tank body, and the part of the air duct in the tank body is close to the upper surface of the space in the tank body; both ends of the transverse pipe far away from the vertical pipe are communicated with the inner space of the tank body; the communication positions of the two ends of the transverse pipe and the tank body are both positioned below the liquid level of the biogas slurry in the tank body; an air outlet is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the vertical pipe;
when the device works, in the using process, the mixed materials are fed into the tank body through the feed inlet by using the special straw pump, meanwhile, when the materials are conveyed into the tank body, the space in the tank body is not filled, then, the materials entering the tank body are subjected to an anaerobic fermentation process to start to generate methane, simultaneously, the methane generated by the anaerobic fermentation of the materials in the tank body gradually floats upwards and is accumulated to the upper part of the space in the tank body, and after the pressure of the methane accumulated in the tank body reaches an acquisition standard, the methane accumulated in the tank body is acquired and processed at one time and then is used or stored;
meanwhile, as the communicating parts of the two ends of the transverse pipe and the inner space of the tank body are positioned in the area where the biogas slurry exists in the tank body, the biogas slurry exists in the transverse pipe and the vertical pipe, the liquid level height in the vertical pipe is the same as the liquid level height of the biogas slurry in the tank body, then, as the anaerobic fermentation process in the tank body is continuously carried out, the biogas in the tank body is gradually increased, the pressure is increased, the biogas gradually enters the air guide pipe communicating the inner space of the tank body and enters the transverse pipe through the air guide pipe, then, as the transverse pipe inclines upwards, the biogas entering the transverse pipe reaches the communicating part of the vertical pipe and the transverse pipe in the process of moving upwards obliquely, and then the biogas in the transverse pipe enters the vertical pipe from the communicating part of the transverse pipe and the vertical pipe and gathers in the space above the liquid level in the vertical pipe, and meanwhile, as the vertical pipe is communicated with the inner space of the tank body through the transverse pipe, when the pressure of the biogas in the space above the liquid level in the vertical pipe is equal to the pressure in the space inside the tank body, the biogas in the tank body stops entering the transverse pipe and the vertical pipe through the gas guide pipe;
after the biogas in the space above the liquid level in the vertical pipe is collected from the gas outlet, the biogas pressure in the vertical pipe is reduced, and the biogas in the tank body enters the transverse pipe and then the vertical pipe from the gas guide pipe under the pressure action in the tank body, so that sufficient biogas is always present in the vertical pipe; meanwhile, in the process that biogas in the tank body enters the transverse pipe through the gas guide pipe and moves in the transverse pipe to enter the vertical pipe, because the transverse pipe is communicated with the inner space of the tank body, and biogas slurry exists in the transverse pipe, the biogas slurry in the transverse pipe is stirred in the process that the biogas moves, meanwhile, because the transverse pipe is arranged obliquely upwards, after the biogas slurry in the transverse pipe is stirred by the biogas entering the transverse pipe through the gas guide pipe, the biogas slurry flows, so that the biogas slurry in the transverse pipe and the biogas slurry in the tank body generate relative motion, a stirring effect on the biogas slurry in the tank body to a certain degree is generated, the uniform degree of concentration distribution of the feed liquid in the tank body is improved, the phenomenon of material liquid stratification in the tank body is reduced, the heat and mass transfer between materials in different areas in the tank body is enhanced, the fermentation efficiency of the materials is improved, and the gas production rate is improved, materials with the same mass are added into the tank body to generate more methane;
meanwhile, in the process that the biogas in the tank body is discharged through the gas guide pipe, the biogas needs to penetrate through biogas slurry in the transverse pipe and the vertical pipe, and in the process that the biogas penetrates through the biogas slurry in the transverse pipe and the vertical pipe, the biogas is cleaned by the biogas slurry, so that impurities such as particle impurities and anaerobic particle sludge in the biogas are adsorbed by the biogas slurry and removed, the cleanliness of the biogas collected from the gas outlet is improved, and the difficulty in subsequent impurity washing treatment of the biogas is reduced.
Preferably, a mounting frame is fixedly mounted in the transverse pipe; a rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the side surface of the mounting rack facing the vertical pipe; an impeller is fixedly mounted at one end of the rotating shaft, which is far away from the mounting frame; the impeller does not contact the inner wall of the transverse pipe;
the lower end of the air duct is fixedly provided with a connecting pipe, and the air duct and the connecting pipe are communicated with each other; the connecting pipe is positioned in the transverse pipe, and the distance between any position on the upper outer side surface of the connecting pipe and the inner wall of the transverse pipe is equal; one end of the connecting pipe, which is far away from the air guide pipe, is fixedly provided with a dispersion pipe, and the dispersion pipe and the air guide pipe are communicated with each other; one end of the dispersion pipe, which is far away from the connecting pipe, is fixedly provided with an ejection pipe, and the dispersion pipe and the ejection pipe are communicated with each other; the plurality of the ejection pipes are distributed around the central line of the dispersion pipe;
the diameter of the ejection pipe is smaller than that of the connecting pipe; the outlet of the ejection pipe is opposite to the impeller and is not contacted with the impeller;
when the biogas tank works, the dispersing pipes are fixedly arranged at the lower ends of the gas guide pipes, so that in the process that biogas in the tank body is discharged through the gas guide pipes, after the biogas leaves the gas guide pipes, the biogas is sprayed out of the plurality of spraying pipes under the action of the dispersing pipes, meanwhile, the impellers are fixedly arranged in the transverse pipes through the mounting frames and the rotating shafts, and the outlets of the spraying pipes are opposite to the impellers, so that the biogas sprayed out of the spraying pipes impacts the impellers to push the impellers to rotate, meanwhile, other parts of the impellers, which are not in contact with the biogas sprayed out of the spraying pipes, contact with biogas slurry in the transverse pipes to push the biogas slurry to move in the transverse pipes, thereby enabling the biogas slurry in the tank body to circularly flow between the tank body and the transverse pipes, improving the stirring effect on the biogas slurry in the tank body, avoiding that only biogas is used for pushing the biogas slurry in the transverse pipes, enabling the flow of the biogas slurry to be unobvious, and enabling the biogas slurry in the tank body not to be stirred, the feed liquid in the tank body is layered, and the fermentation efficiency and the gas production rate of the material in the tank body are affected;
meanwhile, the plurality of ejection pipes are fixedly mounted on the dispersion pipe, so that bubbles of the discharged biogas can be reduced, the effect of removing impurities carried in the biogas is improved, and the difficulty of removing impurities from the biogas after the biogas is collected is reduced.
Preferably, a liquid inlet is fixedly arranged at the communication position of one end of the transverse pipe and the tank body; a liquid outlet is fixedly arranged at the communication position of the other end of the transverse pipe and the tank body; the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are both positioned below the liquid level of the biogas slurry in the tank body;
the opening of one end of the liquid inlet, which is far away from the transverse pipe, is inclined downwards; an opening at one end of the liquid outlet, which is far away from the transverse pipe, is inclined upwards;
the during operation, because the opening slope of inlet is downward, the opening slope of liquid outlet is upwards, therefore, the both ends of horizontal pipe and inlet and the liquid outlet of jar body intercommunication department installation, can make the natural pond liquid that flows out from horizontal pipe exist ascending trend of flow in jar internal, further reduce the possibility of the internal feed liquid layering that exists of jar, improve the abundant degree of mixture of material and feed liquid at jar internal, thereby promote the fermentation efficiency and the product gas rate of the internal material of jar, and simultaneously, through the effect of inlet and liquid outlet, avoid jar internal natural pond liquid that circulates through horizontal pipe only to circulate in same height, the mobility is not enough between the natural pond liquid of the internal not co-altitude department of jar, influence the normal fermentation of the internal material of jar.
Preferably, a fermentation cylinder is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the space in the tank body; the fermentation cylinders are multiple and correspond to the feeding branch pipes one by one; one end of the feeding branch pipe, which is far away from the feeding hole, is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fermentation cylinder, and the feeding branch pipe is communicated with the space in the fermentation cylinder; an extension seat is hinged on the upper surface of the space in the fermentation cylinder; an extension rod is slidably arranged in the extension seat; an extension spring is fixedly arranged in the space in the extension seat, and two ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the extension seat and the extension rod respectively; the lower end of the fermentation cylinder is positioned below the liquid level of the biogas slurry in the tank body; the side wall of the fermentation cylinder is provided with a through hole, and no through hole exists in the 1/5-1/4 area close to the upper end in the length direction of the side wall of the fermentation cylinder;
the lower end of the outer side surface of the fermentation cylinder is fixedly provided with a mounting seat; a sealing plate is hinged on the mounting seat; the area of the sealing plate is equal to the opening at the lower end of the fermentation cylinder; one end of the extension rod, which is far away from the extension seat, is hinged on the upper surface of the sealing plate; the mounting seat and the extension rod are symmetrical relative to the center line of the fermentation cylinder; through holes are uniformly formed in the sealing plate;
when the fermentation tank works, in the using process, materials entering the tank body are conveyed through the feeding hole and firstly enter the fermentation cylinder in the tank body through the feeding branch pipe, dry fermentation is carried out in the fermentation cylinder, the materials fed into the fermentation cylinder cannot be filled with the fermentation cylinder, meanwhile, after the materials are conveyed into the fermentation cylinder, gas is filled into the fermentation cylinder, so that straws in the materials in the fermentation cylinder are subjected to acidification, the facultative anaerobic environment in the fermentation cylinder is ensured through air filled into the fermentation cylinder, the propagation of facultative anaerobic flora in the acidification stage of the materials is facilitated, the number and the activity of facultative anaerobic bacteria are improved, the hydrolysis of the straws is carried out, the utilization rate of the straws in the materials is improved, the possibility of forming crusting of the straws in the tank body is reduced, and the gas yield is improved;
meanwhile, the side wall of the fermentation cylinder is provided with the through hole, and the area of the side wall of the fermentation cylinder, which is close to 1/5-1/4 at the upper end in the length direction, is not provided with the through hole, so that after the materials are conveyed, the air filled into the fermentation cylinder is gathered in the area without the through hole in the fermentation cylinder, and the phenomenon that the filled air is diffused to other areas in the tank body to cause the damage of the whole anaerobic environment in the tank body and influence the growth and the propagation of anaerobic bacteria in the tank body is avoided; meanwhile, oxygen in the air filled in the fermentation cylinder is gradually consumed along with the proceeding of the acidification stage of the material, so that the environment in the fermentation cylinder is gradually changed into an anaerobic environment, the environmental requirement of facultative anaerobism of flora in the acidification stage is met, the number of flora can be rapidly expanded, the hydrolysis effect on the straws in the material is improved, and the subsequent anaerobic fermentation and gas production of the material are facilitated;
meanwhile, the lower end of the fermentation cylinder is hinged with the sealing plate, in addition, an extension rod is hinged to one side, far away from the hinged position of the sealing plate and the fermentation cylinder, of the upper surface of the sealing plate, the extension rod is connected with the extension seat in a sliding mode, and the extension seat is hinged with the upper surface in the fermentation cylinder; simultaneously, under extension spring's effect, the extension bar has the trend of getting back to the original position to make and have the trend of resealing the fermentation section of thick bamboo with the articulated shrouding of extension bar, guarantee that remaining material can not all drop in the internal natural pond liquid of jar in the fermentation section of thick bamboo, influence the dry-type fermentation effect to the material, lead to the fermentation efficiency and the gas production rate of material to descend.
Preferably, a ventilation pipe is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the space in the fermentation cylinder; the length of the ventilation pipe is less than the total length of the extension seat and the extension rod; the lower end of the ventilation pipe is closed, and through holes are uniformly formed in the side wall of the ventilation pipe;
when the fermentation tank works, after materials are fed into the fermentation tank, air is filled into the fermentation tank, so that the air is gathered in a region without through holes in the fermentation tank, meanwhile, the ventilation pipe is fixedly installed on the upper surface of a space in the fermentation tank, when the materials are supplemented into the fermentation tank, the lower end of the ventilation pipe is buried into the materials, then, the air existing above the fermentation tank can enter the materials through the through holes on the ventilation pipe, the straws in the materials are ensured to be in an aerobic environment at the initial stage of an acidification stage, the facultative anaerobes in the acidification stage are convenient to rapidly propagate, the hydrolysis and acidification effects on the materials are improved, the fermentation rate of the materials falling into biogas slurry in the tank and the gas yield of the materials are further improved, meanwhile, when the materials are in the aerobic environment in the acidification stage in the use process, the facultative anaerobes perform aerobic fermentation to generate a large amount of heat, the method ensures that certain heat is emitted into the tank body under the condition of relatively low temperature in winter, maintains the temperature of materials in the tank body, ensures the normal operation of anaerobic fermentation gas production in the tank body, and avoids the condition of low temperature, low gas production or no gas production.
Preferably, the outer surface of the tank body is fixedly provided with a heat-insulating layer; the heat insulation layer is made of a vacuum heat insulation plate; a heating plate is arranged between the vacuum heat-insulating layer and the outer wall of the tank body, and the heating plate is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the tank body;
the during operation, through installing the heat preservation on the surface of the jar body, can reduce the internal thermal loss of jar, guarantee under the lower circumstances of temperature in winter, guarantee that the temperature of the internal material of jar is higher, guarantee that the internal material of jar normally carries out anaerobic fermentation, produce gas, when avoiding ambient temperature low, influence the normal clear of fermentation, and simultaneously, in process of production, directly regulate and control jar body temperature through the board that generates heat of installing between heat preservation and the jar body, it is little to maintain the internal temperature variation range of jar when winter, it is big to avoid the temperature variation range, influence the internal material anaerobic fermentation's of jar normal clear.
A process for mixing straw and excrement to anaerobically ferment biogas is suitable for the straw and excrement mixing anaerobic fermentation reactor; the process comprises the following steps:
s1: crushing crop straws by using a crusher, putting the crushed straws into a stirring tank, simultaneously synchronously putting excrement into the stirring tank, and stirring and mixing the straws and the excrement;
s2: on the basis of the step S1, extracting biogas slurry from the interior of the tank body, conveying the biogas slurry into a stirring tank, and fully mixing the biogas slurry and the stirring tank by stirring to obtain a material with a total solid concentration of 15-17 TS%;
s3: on the basis of the step S2, a special straw pump is used for conveying the materials into the tank body from a feed inlet on the tank body, and fermentation treatment is started to generate methane;
s4: in the production process, when the materials in the tank body are supplemented, air is filled from the feed inlet after the completion of material supplement; after biogas is generated in the tank body, the biogas is collected from an air outlet on the vertical pipe; the fermented biogas residues in the tank body are discharged from a discharge port on the tank body.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the straw and excrement mixed anaerobic fermentation reactor and the biogas fermentation process thereof, the vertical pipe, the transverse pipe, the gas guide pipe and the gas outlet are arranged, so that biogas generated in the reactor firstly enters the transverse pipe through the gas guide pipe in the discharging and collecting process, meanwhile, the impeller in the transverse pipe is impacted and pushed to rotate in the process of spraying the biogas from the gas guide pipe, the impeller pushes the biogas slurry in the transverse pipe to move, the biogas slurry in the tank body circularly moves between the tank body and the transverse pipe, extra power is not needed, energy consumption is reduced, meanwhile, the possibility of material-liquid layering in the tank body is reduced through the circular movement of the biogas slurry, the mass transfer and heat transfer between materials in different areas in the tank body 1 are enhanced, the fermentation efficiency of the materials is improved, and the gas production rate is improved.
2. The invention relates to a straw and excrement mixed anaerobic fermentation reactor and a biogas fermentation process thereof, wherein a fermentation cylinder, an extension seat, an extension spring, an extension rod, a sealing plate and a vent pipe are arranged, so that when materials are added into the reactor, the materials firstly enter the fermentation cylinder, dry fermentation is carried out in the fermentation cylinder, then when the materials are added subsequently, the total weight of the newly added materials and the materials existing in the fermentation cylinder exceeds the elastic force of the extension spring, the sealing plate on the fermentation cylinder rotates, an opening at the lower end of the fermentation cylinder is opened, the fermented materials in the fermentation cylinder enter biogas slurry in a tank body for wet fermentation to generate biogas, and meanwhile, during the process of fermentation of the materials in the fermentation cylinder, the dry straws in the materials are in an acidification stage, and the facultative anaerobic environment in the fermentation cylinder 4 is ensured through air filled into the fermentation cylinder 4, the method is favorable for the propagation of facultative anaerobic flora in the acidification stage of the material, and improves the quantity and activity of facultative anaerobic bacteria, thereby hydrolyzing the straws, being convenient for improving the utilization rate of the straws in the subsequent wet fermentation process of the material, and improving the volumetric gas production rate.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view of an anaerobic fermentation reactor of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of an anaerobic fermentation reactor according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the construction of a fermenter in the anaerobic fermentation reactor of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the biogas fermentation process of the present invention;
in the figure: the fermentation tank comprises a tank body 1, support legs 11, a feeding hole 12, a feeding branch pipe 121, a discharging hole 13, an air outlet 14, a heat insulation layer 15, a vertical pipe 2, an air guide pipe 21, a transverse pipe 3, a liquid inlet 31, a liquid outlet 32, a mounting frame 33, a rotating shaft 331, an impeller 332, a dispersion pipe 34, a connecting pipe 341, an ejection pipe 342, a fermentation cylinder 4, an extension seat 41, a tension spring 411, an extension rod 42, a sealing plate 43, a mounting seat 431 and an air pipe 44.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the straw and manure mixed anaerobic fermentation reactor comprises a tank body 1 and support legs 11; the support legs 11 are fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the tank body 1; the supporting legs 11 are multiple and uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the tank body 1, the feeding branch pipes 121 are fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the tank body 1, and the lower ends of the feeding branch pipes 121 are communicated with the inner space of the tank body 1; the feeding branch pipes 121 are multiple in number and are uniformly distributed around the central line of the tank body 1; the upper end of the feeding branch pipe 121 is fixedly provided with a feeding hole 12; a discharge port 13 is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the tank body 1; the discharge port 13 is communicated with the inner space of the tank body 1, and the communication part of the discharge port 13 and the space in the tank body 1 is close to the bottom surface in the tank body 1;
a vertical pipe 2 is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the tank body 1; a transverse pipe 3 is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the tank body 1; the transverse pipes 3 are distributed on the outer side surface of the tank body 1 in an inclined upward manner; the lower end of the vertical pipe 2 is fixedly connected with the middle position of the transverse pipe 3, and the vertical pipe and the transverse pipe are communicated with each other; the upper surface of the space in the vertical pipe 2 is flush with the upper surface of the space in the tank body 1; the air guide pipe 21 is fixedly arranged in the vertical pipe 2 through a bracket; the lower end of the air duct 21 extends into the transverse tube 3, and the opening at the lower end of the air duct 21 faces to one end of the transverse tube 3 which is inclined downwards; the upper end of the air duct 21 enters the tank body 1, and the part of the air duct 21 in the tank body 1 is close to the upper surface of the space in the tank body 1; both ends of the transverse pipe 3 far away from the vertical pipe 2 are communicated with the inner space of the tank body 1; the communication parts of the two ends of the transverse pipe 3 and the tank body 1 are both positioned below the liquid level of the biogas slurry in the tank body 1; an air outlet 14 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the vertical pipe 2;
when the device works, in the using process, the mixed materials are conveyed into the tank body 1 through the feed inlet 12 by using a special straw pump, meanwhile, when the materials are conveyed into the tank body 1, the space in the tank body 1 is not filled, then, the materials entering the tank body 1 are subjected to an anaerobic fermentation process to start generating methane, meanwhile, the methane generated by the anaerobic fermentation of the materials in the tank body 1 gradually floats upwards and is accumulated to the upper part of the space in the tank body 1, and when the pressure of the methane accumulated in the tank body 1 reaches an acquisition standard, the methane accumulated in the tank body 1 is acquired and processed at one time and then is used or stored;
meanwhile, as the communicating parts of the two ends of the transverse pipe 3 and the inner space of the tank body 1 are both positioned in the area where biogas slurry exists in the tank body 1, biogas slurry exists in the transverse pipe 3 and the vertical pipe 2, the liquid level height in the vertical pipe 2 is the same as that of the biogas slurry in the tank body 1, then, along with the continuous anaerobic fermentation process in the tank body 1, the biogas in the tank body 1 is gradually increased, the pressure is increased, the biogas gradually enters the gas guide pipe 21 communicating the inner space of the tank body 1 and enters the transverse pipe 3 through the gas guide pipe 21, then, as the transverse pipe 3 is inclined upwards, the biogas entering the transverse pipe 3 reaches the communicating part of the vertical pipe 2 and the transverse pipe 3 in the process of moving obliquely upwards, and then the biogas in the transverse pipe 3 enters the vertical pipe 2 from the communicating part of the transverse pipe 3 and the vertical pipe 2 and gathers in the space above the liquid level in the vertical pipe 2, meanwhile, as the vertical pipe 2 is communicated with the inner space of the tank body 1 through the transverse pipe 3, when the pressure of the methane in the space above the liquid level in the vertical pipe 2 is equal to the pressure in the inner space of the tank body 1, the process that the methane in the tank body 1 enters the transverse pipe 3 and the vertical pipe 2 through the air duct 21 is stopped;
after the biogas in the space above the liquid level in the vertical pipe 2 is collected from the gas outlet 14, the biogas pressure in the vertical pipe 2 is reduced, and the biogas in the tank body 1 enters the transverse pipe 3 and further enters the vertical pipe 2 from the gas guide pipe 21 under the pressure action in the tank body 1, so that sufficient biogas is always present in the vertical pipe 2; meanwhile, in the process that the biogas in the tank body 1 enters the transverse pipe 3 through the gas guide pipe 21 and moves in the transverse pipe 3 to enter the vertical pipe 2, because the transverse pipe 3 is communicated with the inner space of the tank body 1 and biogas slurry exists in the transverse pipe 3, the biogas slurry in the transverse pipe 3 is stirred in the process that the biogas moves, and meanwhile, because the transverse pipe 3 is arranged obliquely upwards, the biogas slurry in the transverse pipe 3 is stirred by the biogas slurry entering the transverse pipe 3 through the gas guide pipe 21, the biogas slurry flows, so that the biogas slurry in the transverse pipe 3 and the biogas slurry in the tank body 1 generate relative motion, a stirring effect on the biogas slurry in the tank body 1 is generated to a certain degree, the concentration distribution uniformity degree of the feed liquid in the tank body 1 is improved, the feed liquid stratification phenomenon in the tank body 1 is reduced, and the mass transfer between materials in different areas in the tank body 1 is enhanced, the fermentation efficiency of the materials is improved, the gas production rate is improved, the materials with the same quality are added into the tank body 1, and more methane is generated;
meanwhile, in the process that the biogas in the tank body 1 is discharged through the gas guide pipe 21, the biogas needs to pass through biogas slurry in the transverse pipe 3 and the vertical pipe 2, and in the process that the biogas passes through the biogas slurry in the transverse pipe 3 and the vertical pipe 2, the biogas is cleaned by the biogas slurry, so that impurities such as particle impurities, anaerobic particle sludge and the like in the biogas are adsorbed by the biogas slurry and removed, the cleanliness of the biogas collected from the gas outlet 14 is improved, and the difficulty in subsequent impurity washing treatment of the biogas is reduced.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a mounting frame 33 is fixedly installed inside the transverse tube 3; a rotating shaft 331 is rotatably mounted on the side surface of the mounting frame 33 facing the vertical pipe 2; an impeller 332 is fixedly arranged at one end of the rotating shaft 331 far away from the mounting frame 33; the impeller 332 does not contact the inner wall of the transverse tube 3;
the lower end of the gas guide tube 21 is fixedly provided with a connecting tube 341 which is communicated with the gas guide tube; the connecting pipe 341 is located inside the transverse pipe 3, and the distance between any position on the upper outer side surface of the connecting pipe 341 and the inner wall of the transverse pipe 3 is equal; one end of the connecting pipe 341 far away from the gas-guide pipe 21 is fixedly provided with a dispersion pipe 34, and the two are communicated with each other; an ejection pipe 342 is fixedly installed at one end of the dispersion pipe 34 far away from the connecting pipe 341, and the dispersion pipe and the connecting pipe are communicated with each other; the plurality of the discharge pipes 342 are distributed around the center line of the dispersion pipe 34;
the diameter of the ejection pipe 342 is smaller than that of the connection pipe 341; the outlet of the ejection pipe 342 faces the impeller 332 without contact;
when the biogas digester is in operation, the dispersing pipe 34 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the air duct 21, so that in the process of discharging biogas in the tank body 1 through the air duct 21, after the biogas leaves the air duct 21, the biogas is sprayed out of the plurality of spraying pipes 342 through the action of the dispersing pipe 34, meanwhile, the impeller 332 is fixedly arranged in the transverse pipe 3 through the mounting frame 33 and the rotating shaft 331, and the outlet of the spraying pipes 342 is opposite to the impeller 332, so that the biogas sprayed out of the spraying pipes 342 impacts the impeller 332 to push the impeller 332 to rotate, meanwhile, other parts of the impeller 332 which are not in contact with the biogas sprayed out of the spraying pipes 342 are in contact with the biogas slurry in the transverse pipe 3 to push the biogas slurry to move in the transverse pipe 3, so that the biogas slurry in the tank body 1 circularly flows between the inside of the tank body 1 and the transverse pipe 3, the stirring effect on the biogas slurry in the tank body 1 is improved, and the biogas slurry is prevented from being pushed in the transverse pipe 3 only by using the biogas, the flowing of the biogas slurry is not obvious, and the biogas slurry in the tank body 1 cannot be stirred, so that the feed liquid in the tank body 1 is layered, and the fermentation efficiency and the gas production rate of the material in the tank body 1 are influenced;
meanwhile, the plurality of ejecting pipes 342 are fixedly arranged on the dispersion pipe 34, so that bubbles of the discharged biogas can be reduced, the effect of removing impurities carried in the biogas is improved, and the difficulty of removing impurities from the biogas after the biogas is collected is reduced.
As an embodiment of the invention, a liquid inlet 31 is fixedly arranged at the communication part of one end of the transverse pipe 3 and the tank body 1; a liquid outlet 32 is fixedly arranged at the communication part of the other end of the transverse pipe 3 and the tank body 1; the liquid inlet 31 and the liquid outlet 32 are both positioned below the liquid level of the biogas slurry in the tank body 1;
the opening of one end of the liquid inlet 31 far away from the transverse pipe 3 is inclined downwards; the opening of one end of the liquid outlet 32 far away from the transverse pipe 3 is inclined upwards;
the during operation, because the opening slope of inlet 31 is downward, the opening slope of liquid outlet 32 is upwards, therefore, the both ends of horizontal pipe 3 and inlet 31 and the liquid outlet 32 of the installation of the 1 intercommunication department of the jar body, can make the natural pond liquid that flows out in the horizontal pipe 3 exist ascending trend of flow in the jar body 1, further reduce the possibility of the feed liquid layering that exists in the jar body 1, improve the abundant degree of mixture of material and feed liquid in the jar body 1, thereby promote the fermentation efficiency and the product gas rate of the material in the jar body 1, and simultaneously, through the effect of inlet 31 and liquid outlet 32, avoid jar internal natural pond liquid that carries out the circulation through horizontal pipe 3 and only circulate in same height, the mobility is not enough between the natural pond liquid of the different height departments in the jar body 1, influence the normal fermentation of the internal material of jar.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a fermentation cylinder 4 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the space in the tank body 1; the fermentation cylinders 4 are a plurality and correspond to the feeding branch pipes 121 one by one; one end of the feeding branch pipe 121 far away from the feeding hole 12 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fermentation cylinder 4, and the feeding branch pipe 121 is communicated with the space in the fermentation cylinder 4; an extension seat 41 is hinged on the upper surface of the space in the fermentation cylinder 4; an extension rod 42 is slidably mounted in the extension seat 41; an extension spring 411 is fixedly installed in the space in the extension seat 41, and two ends of the extension spring 411 are fixedly connected to the extension seat 41 and the extension rod 42 respectively; the lower end of the fermentation cylinder 4 is positioned below the liquid level of the biogas slurry in the tank body 1; a through hole is formed in the side wall of the fermentation cylinder 4, and no through hole exists in the 1/5-1/4 area close to the upper end in the length direction of the side wall of the fermentation cylinder 4;
the lower end of the outer side surface of the fermentation cylinder 4 is fixedly provided with a mounting seat 431; a sealing plate 43 is hinged on the mounting seat 431; the sealing plate 43 has the same area as the opening at the lower end of the fermentation cylinder 4; one end of the extension rod 42, which is far away from the extension seat 41, is hinged on the upper surface of the closing plate 43; the mounting seat 431 and the extension rod 42 are symmetrical with each other relative to the center line of the fermentation cylinder 4; through holes are uniformly formed in the sealing plate 43;
when the fermentation tank works, in the using process, materials entering the tank body 1 are conveyed through the feeding hole 12 and firstly enter the fermentation cylinder 4 in the tank body 1 through the feeding branch pipe 121, dry fermentation is carried out in the fermentation cylinder 4, the materials fed into the fermentation cylinder 4 cannot fill the fermentation cylinder 4, meanwhile, after the materials are conveyed into the fermentation cylinder 4, gas is filled into the fermentation cylinder 4, so that straws in the materials in the fermentation cylinder 4 are in an acidification stage, the facultative anaerobic environment in the fermentation cylinder 4 is ensured through the air filled into the fermentation cylinder 4, the propagation of facultative anaerobic flora in the acidification stage of the materials is facilitated, the number and activity of facultative anaerobic bacteria are improved, the straws are hydrolyzed, the utilization rate of the straws in the materials is improved, the possibility of forming crusting in the tank body 1 by the straws is reduced, and the gas yield is improved;
meanwhile, the side wall of the fermentation cylinder 4 is provided with the through hole, and the area of the side wall of the fermentation cylinder 4, which is close to the 1/5-1/4 at the upper end in the length direction, is not provided with the through hole, so that the air charged into the fermentation cylinder 4 is gathered in the area without the through hole in the fermentation cylinder 4 after the materials are conveyed, and the charged air is prevented from diffusing to other areas in the tank body 1, so that the whole anaerobic environment in the tank body 1 is damaged, and the growth and the propagation of anaerobic bacteria in the tank body 1 are influenced; meanwhile, oxygen in the air filled in the fermentation cylinder 4 is gradually consumed along with the proceeding of the acidification stage of the material, so that the environment in the fermentation cylinder 4 is gradually changed into an anaerobic environment, the environmental requirement of facultative anaerobism of flora in the acidification stage is met, the number of flora can be rapidly expanded, the hydrolysis effect of the straw in the material is improved, and the subsequent anaerobic fermentation and gas production of the material are facilitated;
meanwhile, because the lower end of the fermentation cylinder 4 is hinged with the sealing plate 43, and in addition, the side of the upper surface of the sealing plate 43, which is far away from the hinged part of the sealing plate 43 and the fermentation cylinder 4, is hinged with the extension rod 42, the extension rod 42 is connected with the extension seat 41 in a sliding manner, and the extension seat 41 is hinged with the upper surface in the fermentation cylinder 4, after the materials are added into the fermentation cylinder 4, when the weight of the materials in the fermentation cylinder 4 is greater than the elastic force of the extension spring 411 in the extension seat 41, the sealing plate 43 is extruded by the materials, rotates around the hinged part of the sealing plate 43 and the fermentation cylinder 4, the extension rod 42 extends out of the extension seat 41, and the sealing plate 43 opens the lower end opening of the fermentation cylinder 4, so that the materials in the fermentation cylinder 4 are discharged and enter the biogas slurry in the tank body 1 to perform wet fermentation to generate biogas; meanwhile, under the action of the extension spring 411, the extension rod 42 tends to return to the original position, so that the sealing plate 43 hinged to the extension rod 42 tends to seal the fermentation cylinder 4 again, and the residual materials in the fermentation cylinder 4 cannot fall into the biogas slurry in the tank body 1 completely, thereby affecting the dry fermentation effect on the materials and reducing the fermentation efficiency and the gas production rate of the materials.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a ventilation pipe 44 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the space in the fermentation cylinder 4; the length of the vent pipe 44 is less than the total length of the extension seat 41 and the extension rod 42; the lower end of the vent pipe 44 is closed, and through holes are uniformly formed in the side wall of the vent pipe 44;
when the fermentation tank works, after materials are fed into the fermentation tank 4, air is filled into the fermentation tank 4, so that the air is gathered in a region without through holes in the fermentation tank 4, meanwhile, the vent pipe 44 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of a space in the fermentation tank 4, when the materials are supplemented into the fermentation tank 4, the lower end of the vent pipe 44 is buried into the materials, then, the air existing above the fermentation tank 4 can enter the materials through the through holes on the vent pipe 44, the straws in the materials are ensured to be in an aerobic environment at the initial stage of an acidification stage, the facultative anaerobes in the acidification stage are conveniently and rapidly propagated, the hydrolysis and acidification effects on the materials are improved, the fermentation rate and the gas yield of the materials after the materials fall into the biogas slurry in the tank body 1 are further improved, and meanwhile, when the materials are in the aerobic environment in the acidification stage, the facultative anaerobes perform aerobic fermentation, a large amount of heat is generated, so that certain heat is radiated into the tank body 1 under the condition of relatively low temperature in winter, the temperature of the materials in the tank body 1 is maintained, the anaerobic fermentation gas production in the tank body 1 is ensured to be normally carried out, and the gas production is reduced or not carried out under the condition of low temperature.
As an embodiment of the invention, an insulating layer 15 is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the tank body 1; the heat insulation layer 15 is made of a vacuum heat insulation plate; a heating plate is arranged between the vacuum heat-preservation plate and the outer wall of the tank body 1, and the heating plate is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the tank body 1;
during operation, through installing heat preservation 15 on the surface of jar body 1, can reduce the loss of the heat in jar body 1, guarantee under the lower circumstances of temperature in winter, guarantee that the temperature of the material in jar body 1 is higher, guarantee that the material in jar body 1 normally carries out anaerobic fermentation, produce gas, when avoiding ambient temperature low, influence the normal clear of fermentation, simultaneously, in process of production, directly regulate and control jar body 1 temperature through the board that generates heat of installing between heat preservation 15 and jar body 1, it is little to maintain the temperature variation range in jar body 1 when winter, avoid the temperature variation range big, influence the normal clear of material anaerobic fermentation in jar body 1.
A process for mixing straw and excrement to anaerobically ferment biogas is suitable for the straw and excrement mixing anaerobic fermentation reactor; the process comprises the following steps:
s1: crushing crop straws by using a crusher, putting the crushed straws into a stirring tank, simultaneously synchronously putting excrement into the stirring tank, and stirring and mixing the straws and the excrement;
s2: on the basis of the step S1, extracting biogas slurry from the interior of the tank body 1, conveying the biogas slurry into a stirring pool, and fully mixing the biogas slurry and the stirring pool to obtain a material with a total solid concentration of 15-17 TS%;
s3: on the basis of the step S2, a special straw pump is used for conveying the materials into the tank body 1 from the feed inlet 12 on the tank body 1, and fermentation treatment is started to generate biogas;
s4: in the production process, when the materials in the tank body 1 are supplemented, air is filled from the feed inlet 12 after the completion of material supplement; after the biogas is generated in the tank body 1, the biogas is collected from the gas outlet 14 on the vertical pipe 2; the fermented biogas residues in the tank body 1 are discharged from a discharge hole 13 on the tank body 1.
The specific working process is as follows:
when the device works, the mixed material is fed into the tank body 1 through the feed inlet 12 by using a special straw pump, then the material entering the tank body 1 is subjected to an anaerobic fermentation process to generate methane, and simultaneously the methane generated by the anaerobic fermentation of the material in the tank body 1 gradually floats upwards and is accumulated to the upper part of the space in the tank body 1; meanwhile, as the communication parts of the two ends of the transverse pipe 3 and the inner space of the tank body 1 are both positioned in the area where the biogas slurry exists in the tank body 1, therefore, the biogas slurry exists in the transverse pipe 3 and the vertical pipe 2, the liquid level height in the vertical pipe 2 is the same as that of the biogas slurry in the tank body 1, and then, along with the continuous anaerobic fermentation process in the tank body 1, the methane in the tank body 1 is gradually increased, the pressure is increased, the methane gradually enters the air duct 21 communicated with the inner space of the tank body 1 and enters the transverse pipe 3 through the air duct 21, and then, because the transverse pipe 3 is inclined upwards, in the process that the marsh gas entering the transverse pipe 3 moves in the inclined upwards, the biogas in the transverse pipe 3 enters the vertical pipe 2 from the communication part of the transverse pipe 3 and the vertical pipe 2 and is gathered in the space above the liquid level in the vertical pipe 2; after the biogas in the space above the liquid level in the vertical pipe 2 is collected from the gas outlet 14, the biogas pressure in the vertical pipe 2 is reduced, and the biogas in the tank body 1 enters the transverse pipe 3 from the gas guide pipe 21 and then enters the vertical pipe 2 under the pressure action in the tank body 1; meanwhile, in the process that biogas in the tank body 1 enters the transverse pipe 3 through the gas guide pipe 21 and moves in the transverse pipe 3 to enter the vertical pipe 2, as the transverse pipe 3 is communicated with the inner space of the tank body 1 and biogas slurry exists in the transverse pipe 3, the biogas slurry in the transverse pipe 3 is stirred in the process of moving the biogas, and the biogas slurry in the transverse pipe 3 flows after being stirred by the biogas entering the transverse pipe 3 through the gas guide pipe 21, so that the biogas slurry in the transverse pipe 3 and the biogas slurry in the tank body 1 move relatively; meanwhile, in the process of discharging the biogas in the tank body 1 through the gas guide pipe 21, the biogas needs to pass through biogas slurry in the transverse pipe 3 and the vertical pipe 2, and impurities such as particle impurities, anaerobic particle sludge and the like in the biogas are adsorbed by the biogas slurry and removed; because the dispersing pipe 34 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the air duct 21, in the process that biogas in the tank body 1 is discharged through the air duct 21, after the biogas leaves the air duct 21, the biogas is sprayed out of the plurality of spraying pipes 342 through the action of the dispersing pipe 34, meanwhile, because the impeller 332 is fixedly arranged in the transverse pipe 3 through the mounting frame 33 and the rotating shaft 331, and the spraying pipes 342 are opposite to the impeller 332, the biogas sprayed out of the spraying pipes 342 impacts the impeller 332 to push the impeller 332 to rotate, meanwhile, other parts of the impeller 332, which do not contact the biogas sprayed out of the spraying pipes 342, contact biogas slurry in the transverse pipe 3 to push the biogas slurry to move in the transverse pipe 3, and the biogas slurry in the tank body 1 circularly flows between the inside of the tank body 1 and the transverse pipe 3; because the opening of the liquid inlet 31 is inclined downwards and the opening of the liquid outlet 32 is inclined upwards, the biogas slurry flowing out of the transverse pipe 3 has an upward flowing trend in the tank body 1, and the possibility of material liquid stratification in the tank body 1 is reduced; meanwhile, through the action of the liquid inlet 31 and the liquid outlet 32, the phenomenon that the biogas slurry circulating through the transverse pipe 3 in the tank body 1 circulates only in the same height is avoided, and the fluidity of the biogas slurry at different heights in the tank body 1 is insufficient; the materials entering the tank body 1 are conveyed through the feed inlet 12, firstly enter the fermentation cylinder 4 in the tank body 1 through the feed branch pipe 121, and are subjected to dry fermentation in the fermentation cylinder 4; meanwhile, the side wall of the fermentation cylinder 4 is provided with through holes, and no through hole exists in the 1/5-1/4 area close to the upper end in the length direction of the side wall of the fermentation cylinder 4, so that after the materials are conveyed, the air charged into the fermentation cylinder 4 is gathered in the area without the through holes in the fermentation cylinder 4; meanwhile, because the lower end of the fermentation cylinder 4 is hinged with the sealing plate 43, in addition, one side of the upper surface of the sealing plate 43, which is far away from the hinged part of the sealing plate 43 and the fermentation cylinder 4, is hinged with the extension rod 42, the extension rod 42 is in sliding connection with the extension seat 41, and the extension seat 41 is hinged with the upper surface in the fermentation cylinder 4, therefore, after materials are added into the fermentation cylinder 4, when the weight of the materials in the fermentation cylinder 4 is greater than the elastic force of the extension spring 411 in the extension seat 41, the sealing plate 43 is extruded by the materials, rotates around the hinged part of the sealing plate 43 and the fermentation cylinder 4, the extension rod 42 extends out of the extension seat 41, and the sealing plate 43 opens the lower end opening of the fermentation cylinder 4, so that the materials in the fermentation cylinder 4 are discharged and enter the biogas slurry in the tank body 1 to carry out wet fermentation; meanwhile, under the action of the extension spring 411, the extension rod 42 tends to return to the original position, so that the closing plate 43 hinged with the extension rod 42 tends to close the fermentation cylinder 4 again, and the residual materials in the fermentation cylinder 4 are prevented from falling into the biogas slurry in the tank body 1; the upper surface of the space in the fermentation cylinder 4 is fixedly provided with the vent pipe 44, when materials are supplemented into the fermentation cylinder 4, the lower end of the vent pipe 44 is buried into the materials, then, air existing above the fermentation cylinder 4 can enter the materials through the through hole on the vent pipe 44, the straws in the materials are ensured to be in an aerobic environment at the initial stage of an acidification stage, facultative anaerobes in the acidification stage can be conveniently and rapidly propagated, and the hydrolysis and acidification effects on the materials are improved; install heat preservation 15 on the surface of jar body 1, reduce the thermal loss in the jar body 1, simultaneously, directly regulate and control jar body 1 temperature through the board that generates heat of installing between heat preservation 15 and the jar body 1.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A straw and excrement mixed anaerobic fermentation reactor comprises a tank body (1) and support legs (11); the support legs (11) are fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the tank body (1); stabilizer blade (11) are total a plurality ofly, evenly distributed on the lower surface of jar body (1), its characterized in that: a feeding branch pipe (121) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the tank body (1), and the lower end of the feeding branch pipe (121) is communicated to the inner space of the tank body (1); the feeding branch pipes (121) are distributed uniformly around the center line of the tank body (1); the upper end of the feeding branch pipe (121) is fixedly provided with a feeding hole (12); a discharge hole (13) is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the tank body (1); the discharge port (13) is communicated to the inner space of the tank body (1), and the communication position of the discharge port (13) and the space in the tank body (1) is close to the bottom surface in the tank body (1);
a vertical pipe (2) is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the tank body (1); a transverse pipe (3) is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the tank body (1); the transverse pipes (3) are distributed on the outer side surface of the tank body (1) in an inclined upward manner; the lower end of the vertical pipe (2) is fixedly connected with the middle position of the transverse pipe (3), and the vertical pipe and the transverse pipe are communicated with each other; the upper surface of the space in the vertical pipe (2) is flush with the upper surface of the space in the tank body (1); an air guide pipe (21) is fixedly arranged in the vertical pipe (2) through a bracket; the lower end of the air duct (21) extends into the transverse pipe (3), and the opening at the lower end of the air duct (21) faces to one end of the transverse pipe (3) which is inclined downwards; the upper end of the air duct (21) enters the tank body (1), and the part of the air duct (21) in the tank body (1) is close to the upper surface of the space in the tank body (1); both ends of the transverse pipe (3) far away from the vertical pipe (2) are communicated with the inner space of the tank body (1); the two ends of the transverse pipe (3) are communicated with the tank body (1) and are positioned below the liquid level of the biogas slurry in the tank body (1); an air outlet (14) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the vertical pipe (2);
a mounting frame (33) is fixedly arranged in the transverse pipe (3); a rotating shaft (331) is rotatably arranged on the side surface of the mounting rack (33) facing the vertical pipe (2); an impeller (332) is fixedly mounted at one end, far away from the mounting frame (33), of the rotating shaft (331); the impeller (332) does not contact the inner wall of the transverse tube (3);
the lower end of the air duct (21) is fixedly provided with a connecting pipe (341), and the air duct and the connecting pipe are communicated with each other; the connecting pipe (341) is positioned inside the transverse pipe (3), and the distance between any position on the upper outer side surface of the connecting pipe (341) and the inner wall of the transverse pipe (3) is equal; one end of the connecting pipe (341) far away from the air guide pipe (21) is fixedly provided with a dispersion pipe (34), and the two are communicated with each other; one end of the dispersion pipe (34) far away from the connecting pipe (341) is fixedly provided with a spraying pipe (342), and the dispersion pipe and the spraying pipe are communicated with each other; the ejection pipes (342) are distributed around the central line of the dispersion pipe (34);
the diameter of the ejection pipe (342) is smaller than that of the connecting pipe (341); the outlet of the ejection pipe (342) is opposite to the impeller (332), and the two are not contacted;
a liquid inlet (31) is fixedly arranged at the communication part of one end of the transverse pipe (3) and the tank body (1); a liquid outlet (32) is fixedly arranged at the communication position of the other end of the transverse pipe (3) and the tank body (1); the liquid inlet (31) and the liquid outlet (32) are both positioned below the liquid level of the biogas slurry in the tank body (1);
the opening of one end of the liquid inlet (31) far away from the transverse pipe (3) is inclined downwards; the opening of one end of the liquid outlet (32) far away from the transverse pipe (3) is inclined upwards.
2. The straw and manure mixing anaerobic fermentation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: a fermentation cylinder (4) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the space in the tank body (1); the fermentation cylinders (4) are in a plurality and correspond to the feeding branch pipes (121) one by one; one end of the feeding branch pipe (121) far away from the feeding hole (12) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fermentation cylinder (4), and the feeding branch pipe (121) is communicated with the space in the fermentation cylinder (4); an extension seat (41) is hinged on the upper surface of the space in the fermentation cylinder (4); an extension rod (42) is slidably arranged in the extension seat (41); an extension spring (411) is fixedly arranged in the space in the extension seat (41), and two ends of the extension spring (411) are fixedly connected to the extension seat (41) and the extension rod (42) respectively; the lower end of the fermentation cylinder (4) is positioned below the liquid level of the biogas slurry in the tank body (1); a through hole is formed in the side wall of the fermentation cylinder (4), and no through hole exists in the 1/5-1/4 area close to the upper end in the length direction of the side wall of the fermentation cylinder (4);
the lower end of the outer side surface of the fermentation cylinder (4) is fixedly provided with a mounting seat (431); a sealing plate (43) is hinged on the mounting seat (431); the area of the sealing plate (43) is equal to the opening at the lower end of the fermentation cylinder (4); one end of the extension rod (42) far away from the extension seat (41) is hinged on the upper surface of the sealing plate (43); the mounting seat (431) and the extension rod (42) are symmetrical relative to the center line of the fermentation cylinder (4); through holes are uniformly formed in the sealing plate (43).
3. The straw and manure mixing anaerobic fermentation reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: a vent pipe (44) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the space in the fermentation cylinder (4); the length of the vent pipe (44) is less than the total length of the extension seat (41) and the extension rod (42); the lower end of the vent pipe (44) is closed, and through holes are uniformly formed in the side wall of the vent pipe (44).
4. The straw and manure mixing anaerobic fermentation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: an insulating layer (15) is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the tank body (1); the heat insulation layer (15) is made of a vacuum heat insulation plate; a heating plate is arranged between the vacuum heat-preserving plate and the outer wall of the tank body (1), and the heating plate is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the tank body (1).
5. A method for anaerobic fermentation of biogas by mixing straw and excrement is characterized in that: the method uses a straw and excrement mixed anaerobic fermentation reactor as claimed in any one of claims 1-4; the method comprises the following steps:
s1: crushing crop straws by using a crusher, putting the crushed straws into a stirring tank, simultaneously synchronously putting excrement into the stirring tank, and stirring and mixing the straws and the excrement;
s2: on the basis of the step S1, biogas slurry is extracted from the interior of the tank body (1), conveyed into a stirring pool and fully mixed by stirring to obtain a material with the total solid concentration of 15-17%;
s3: on the basis of the step S2, a special pump for straws is used for feeding the materials into the tank body (1) from a feeding hole (12) on the tank body (1) to start fermentation treatment, and methane is generated;
s4: in the production process, when the materials in the tank body (1) are supplemented, air is filled from the feed inlet (12) after the completion of material supplement; after biogas is generated in the tank body (1), the biogas is collected from an air outlet (14) on the vertical pipe (2); the fermented biogas residues in the tank body (1) are discharged from a discharge hole (13) on the tank body (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110511581.5A CN113174314B (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Straw and excrement mixed anaerobic fermentation reactor and biogas fermentation process thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110511581.5A CN113174314B (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Straw and excrement mixed anaerobic fermentation reactor and biogas fermentation process thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113174314A CN113174314A (en) | 2021-07-27 |
| CN113174314B true CN113174314B (en) | 2021-11-05 |
Family
ID=76928778
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110511581.5A Expired - Fee Related CN113174314B (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Straw and excrement mixed anaerobic fermentation reactor and biogas fermentation process thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113174314B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114480078A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-13 | 上海申亚动物保健品阜阳有限公司 | Straw fermentation curing device and fermentation method for feed processing |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201545836U (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-08-11 | 焦作市华中能源科技有限公司 | Anaerobic fermentation device using straws to produce methane |
| CN103451095A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2013-12-18 | 广西华淇节能环保工程有限公司 | Method for preparing marsh gas through straw, excrement and kitchen waste |
| CN103820312A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-05-28 | 东南大学 | Two- phase anerobic fermentation biogas production system |
| KR20200101793A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-08-28 | 문성우 | Biogas reactors |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR200264668Y1 (en) * | 1999-06-30 | 2002-02-20 | 이계안 | Fuel filler door structure for automobile |
-
2021
- 2021-05-11 CN CN202110511581.5A patent/CN113174314B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201545836U (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-08-11 | 焦作市华中能源科技有限公司 | Anaerobic fermentation device using straws to produce methane |
| CN103451095A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2013-12-18 | 广西华淇节能环保工程有限公司 | Method for preparing marsh gas through straw, excrement and kitchen waste |
| CN103820312A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-05-28 | 东南大学 | Two- phase anerobic fermentation biogas production system |
| KR20200101793A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-08-28 | 문성우 | Biogas reactors |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113174314A (en) | 2021-07-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101560466B (en) | Integrated methane dry fermentation device | |
| CN102816690B (en) | Spiral self-stirring dry fermenting device and method | |
| US4435188A (en) | Installation for preparing combustible gases through fermentation | |
| CN103184147B (en) | Dry anaerobic fermentation system and method for production of biogas | |
| CN113174314B (en) | Straw and excrement mixed anaerobic fermentation reactor and biogas fermentation process thereof | |
| CN103374521B (en) | Mechanical and hydraulic combined stirring straw anaerobic fermentation biogas preparation engineering device | |
| CN201276559Y (en) | Stereo internal circulation stirring organic floating slag crushing device of anaerobic reaction tank | |
| CN201309931Y (en) | Horizontal anaerobic reactor for producing methane based on solid fermentation of organic waste | |
| CN205576158U (en) | Two stage of solid -liquid anaerobic fermentation device | |
| CN102154372B (en) | Method for producing methane by means of fermentation with jet mixing technology | |
| CN211035643U (en) | Stable and rapid anaerobic fermentation device for breeding manure | |
| CN112209500A (en) | Garbage and sewage combined fermentation treatment methane tank | |
| CN207159210U (en) | A kind of straw methane fermentation equipment | |
| CN214022574U (en) | Intelligent control fermentation cylinder | |
| CN214571865U (en) | High-efficient fermenting installation of biological feed | |
| CN102634445B (en) | Continuous dry-type methane fermenting device and methane preparing method | |
| CN209797800U (en) | utilize wind energy to carry domestic waste compost device of temperature | |
| CN210314044U (en) | Excrement and urine and crop straw integrated fermentation device | |
| CN2856052Y (en) | Complete equipment for marsh gas from excrement | |
| CN107338181B (en) | Rural household biogas fermentation tank fermentation heat preservation and pretreatment system | |
| CN111592974A (en) | Three-phase integrated plug flow type biogas fermentation system and fermentation method | |
| CN110746065A (en) | Stable and rapid anaerobic fermentation device for breeding manure | |
| CN201406367Y (en) | Duplex-ball-heated multistage fermentation biogas tank | |
| CN219792953U (en) | Methane tank | |
| CN202576414U (en) | Continuous type dry-method methane fermentation device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20211105 |