CN110746065A - Stable and rapid anaerobic fermentation device for breeding manure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a stable and rapid anaerobic fermentation device for aquaculture manure, comprising a stirring feeder, an in-out material sealing device connected with the stirring feeder, and an anaerobic fermentation device connected with the in-out material sealing device a tank body, a shaftless composite helical stirring blade placed in the anaerobic fermentation tank, a driving device for driving the rotation of the shaftless composite helical stirring blade, and a heating coil placed in the anaerobic fermentation tank; the The stirring feeder is located in the first section of the whole equipment. The shaftless composite helical stirring blade includes a left helical blade arranged close to the center of the fermentation tank and a right helical blade arranged away from the center of the fermentation tank. The helical direction is reversed when the drive unit is driven. The anaerobic fermentation device integrates stirring and turning and throwing, realizes no dead angle stirring, and ensures no air leakage.

Description

A stable and rapid anaerobic fermentation device for aquaculture manure residue

technical field

The invention relates to a stable and rapid anaerobic fermentation device for aquaculture manure residue, in particular to a high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation device for manure residue treatment.

Background technique

With the development of large-scale livestock and poultry breeding, due to factors such as unreasonable layout, large amount of manure residue, poor environmental awareness, low level of governance, and insufficient capital investment, livestock and poultry breeding pollution has become one of the main sources of non-point source pollution in rural areas. , causing pollution to the urban and rural ecological environment, not only increasing the chance of disease transmission, but also becoming a social problem that cannot be ignored.

At present, the treatment method of livestock and poultry manure is still in the stage of scattered accumulation and fermentation, and the degree of fermentation varies. It is not easy to directly fertilize the feces accumulated at random, and there is the phenomenon of insufficient fertility and secondary fermentation and burning of seedlings. Livestock and poultry manure accumulated at will by households in large-scale farms accumulates over time, which generally causes pollution hazards three years after the establishment of the farm.

In order to reduce the serious burden on the environment caused by aquaculture manure, anaerobic fermentation is used to treat manure, and anaerobic biogas production technology is used to convert manure into living energy and plant organic fertilizer, so as to realize the reuse of manure resources and reduce emissions. the goal of. It not only solves the problem of breeding manure pollution, but also makes full use of resources, optimizes the planting and breeding environment, and realizes the recycling of resources.

In view of the high water content and high solid content (≧15%) of the manure residue in the anaerobic fermentation process of the manure residue in the current anaerobic fermentation device, the manure residue particles are large, the shaft is easily broken, the stirring blades are easily broken, and the manure residue particles are large , uneven stirring, poor stirring effect, slow fermentation speed of manure residue, low work efficiency, low gas production, high energy consumption and other problems, so design a kind of anaerobic fermentation that can better handle manure residue, and can be used in the process of processing. A stable and fast anaerobic fermentation plant for manure that produces other useful resources is necessary.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of long fermentation time, easy acidification, high energy consumption, poor stability, easy to break shaft, easy to break leaves, etc. of the current anaerobic tank, and to design a stable and rapid anaerobic fermentation device for culture manure residue, which can continuously Feeding and discharging, high survival rate of anaerobic bacteria, medium and high temperature fermentation, high gas production, low energy loss, no dead ends in the anaerobic tank stirring, can quickly realize the fermentation of aquaculture manure, and at the same time enhance the rigidity and strength of the blades and shafts to prevent breakage Shafts and blades broken.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A stable and rapid anaerobic fermentation device for culturing manure, comprising a stirring feeder, a material feeding and discharging sealing device connected with the stirring feeder, an anaerobic fermentation tank body connected with the feeding and discharging sealing device, and a device. The shaftless composite helical stirring blade in the anaerobic fermentation tank, the driving device for driving the rotation of the shaftless composite helical stirring blade, and the heating coil placed in the anaerobic fermentation tank; the stirring feed The device is located in the first section of the whole equipment. The shaftless composite helical stirring blade includes a left helical blade arranged near the center of the fermenter and a right helical blade arranged far away from the center of the fermenter. The direction of the spiral is opposite.

Optionally, a plurality of rigid uprights are arranged in the axial direction of the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the plurality of rigid uprights are arranged on the same cylindrical surface where the left helical blade and the right helical blade meet.

Optionally, the left helical blade extends symmetrically from the center of the anaerobic fermentation tank to the tank wall, and the total width is about two-thirds of the diameter of the anaerobic fermentation tank; the right helical blade extends from the circumference of the tank wall to the middle of the anaerobic fermentation tank, The overall width is about one third of the diameter of the anaerobic fermenter.

Optionally, a feeding channel is provided in the in-feed and out-feed sealing device, and a gate for separating the upper silo and the lower silo is provided on the feed channel.

Optionally, the gate includes an upper gate and a lower gate, which are sequentially a feed bin, an upper gate, a lower gate and a lower bin along the feeding direction, and the upper and lower gates are driven by an explosion-proof motor to open and close to realize the sealing of the feeding channel. Open the upper and lower gates according to the sealing requirements to ensure that the entire device is sealed and no air enters during the cutting process.

Optionally, the upper end and the lower end of the shaftless composite spiral stirring blade are respectively fixed to the upper hollow plate and the lower hollow plate, the upper hollow plate is connected to the coupling and the driving device in turn through the hollow shaft, and the lower hollow plate is connected to the bearing through the hollow shaft in turn. The seat and the bracket are connected.

Optionally, the edge of the right helical blade fully contacts the inner wall of the fermenter.

Optionally, the rigid columns are arranged on the same cylindrical surface where the left helical blade and the right helical blade meet and are symmetrically distributed.

Optionally, the heating coils are distributed evenly against the inner wall of the anaerobic fermenter.

Optionally, the top of the anaerobic fermentation tank is provided with a biogas treatment and collection device.

Optionally, the front end of the stirring feeder is provided with a filter screen, and the rear end is provided with a multi-shaft linkage crusher.

Optionally, a plurality of crushing knives are installed on the shaft of the crusher, and the lower part is connected to the feeding channel.

Optionally, the inlet and outlet sealing device is provided with a load-bearing frame and a slide rail placed on the load-bearing frame, and the gate can slide on the slide rail. It is guaranteed to be easy to pull and pull, with less resistance.

Beneficial effects:

(1) The present invention has the advantages of simple structure, automatic control, energy saving and environmental protection, safety and reliability, no dead angle, can maintain the stable and rapid fermentation conditions of the fecal residue, and has the function of maximizing the benefit of the utilization of the fecal residue.

(2) The equipment has good durability, is not easy to rust, and does not corrode;

(3) The sealing effect is good, which is conducive to the growth of anaerobic bacteria;

(4) The heating is fast and uniform, which can well maintain a favorable fermentation environment;

(5) The material is evenly stirred by the shaftless composite spiral stirring blade, and there is no dead angle to prevent the occurrence of acidification;

(5) Overcome the shortcomings of high solid content (≧15%), large dung particles, easy broken shaft, and easy broken stirring blades, greatly improving the service life of the entire equipment;

(6) After one-time inoculation, because the left spiral blade in the center realizes the material turning downward, and the peripheral spiral blade realizes the upward turning of the material, the cyclic production of bacteria can be ensured, and no further inoculation is required;

(7) Use green and clean energy in the fermentation process to save energy and protect the environment.

In addition, it also has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, small footprint, short fermentation period, high fermentation efficiency, stable medium and low temperature environment, automatic operation, easy control, energy saving and environmental protection, and can maintain stable and rapid fermentation conditions of manure residue. The utilization of manure residues can realize the functions of maximizing benefits and other characteristics. Its social and ecological benefits are very significant, and it is an ideal rapid fermentation equipment for livestock and poultry manure in the breeding industry.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the stable and fast anaerobic fermentation device of culture manure residue of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inlet and outlet sealing device of the stable and fast anaerobic fermentation device for culturing manure of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structure schematic diagram of the shaftless composite helical stirring blade of the stable and rapid anaerobic fermentation device of culture manure residue of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the rigid column structure of the stable and rapid anaerobic fermentation device of the culture manure residue of the present invention.

Reference number:

1. Stir the feeder; 2. Feed and discharge sealing device; 3. Sensor equipment; 4. Heating coil; 5. Anaerobic fermentation tank; 6. Baffle plate; 7. Cover plate; 8. Sealing plate; , discharge channel; 201, upper silo; 202, upper gate; 203, lower gate; 204, lower silo; 205, explosion-proof motor 1; 206, upper slide rail; 207, load-bearing frame; 208, explosion-proof motor 2; 209, lower rail; 301, lower hollow plate; 302, bearing base; 303, right spiral blade; 304, left spiral blade; 305, upper hollow plate; 306, coupling; 307, driving device; 308, rigid column.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, but not to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

1 and 3, the present invention is a stable and rapid anaerobic fermentation device for culturing manure, comprising a stirring feeder 1, an inlet and outlet sealing device 2 connected with the stirring feeder 1, and the The anaerobic fermentation tank 5 connected to the material inlet and outlet sealing device 2, the shaftless composite helical stirring blade placed in the anaerobic fermentation tank 5, the driving device 307 for driving the rotation of the shaftless composite helical stirring blade, the The heating coil 4 in the anaerobic fermentation tank 5; the stirring feeder 1 is located in the first section of the whole equipment, and the shaftless composite helical stirring blade includes a left helical blade 304 arranged near the center of the fermentation tank and a The right helical blade 303, the left helical blade 304, and the right helical blade 303 arranged in the center of the fermenter are in opposite directions when the driving device 307 drives.

As shown in Figure 1, the lower end of the stirring feeder 1 is connected to the inlet and outlet sealing device 2, the anaerobic fermentation tank 5 is covered with heating coils 4, and the bottom is provided with a deflector 6, through which the dung can be prevented from During the upside-down stirring process, accumulation occurs around the bottom of the anaerobic fermenter 5 to produce a stirring dead angle. The entire anaerobic fermenter 5 is sealed by the cover plate 7 and the sealing plate 8, and the discharge channel 9 is located at the bottom of the anaerobic fermenter 5. At the bottom, a variety of sensor devices 3 are arranged around the anaerobic fermentation tank 5. The sensor device 3 includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a liquid level sensor, etc., and these sensors are connected with the controller, so that the environment in the anaerobic fermentation tank 5 can be monitored. Parameters, such as the calorific value of the heating coil 4 are controlled according to the data of the temperature sensor, so that the temperature in the tank is maintained at an appropriate level.

4 , optionally, a plurality of rigid columns 308 are arranged in the axial direction of the anaerobic fermentation tank 5 , and the plurality of rigid columns 308 are arranged on the same cylindrical surface where the left helical blade 304 and the right helical blade 303 meet.

The shaftless composite helical stirring blade is arranged in the middle of the fermentation tank body, the upper end of the fixed hollow plate is connected to the driving device 307 (hydraulic motor or motor) through the hollow shaft and the coupling 306 in turn, and the lower end of the fixed hollow plate is connected to the hollow shaft through the hollow shaft. The bearing base 302 and the bracket are connected; the shaftless composite helical stirring blade, the area close to the center of the fermentation tank is the left helical blade 304, and the area far from the center is the right helical blade 303; the rigid column 308 is symmetrically arranged on the same side where the left and right helical blades 303 meet. The cylindrical surface is symmetrically distributed, and the left and right helical blades 303 are fixed on the upright column to enhance the rigidity and strength of the blades and the rotating shaft, and prevent the shaft and the blade from being broken.

The driving device 307 drives the near-axis left helical blade 304 to rotate and stir clockwise, and the far-axis right helical blade 303 rotates and stirs counterclockwise, which can realize the circular motion of the intermediate material in the fermentation tank being thrown downward and the surrounding material being thrown upward. Stir evenly and without dead angle, and continuously graft bacteria.

Optionally, the left helical blade 304 extends symmetrically from the center of the anaerobic fermentation tank 5 to the tank wall, and the total width is about two-thirds of the diameter of the anaerobic fermentation tank 5; the right helical blade 303 extends from the tank wall of the anaerobic fermentation tank 5. Extending from all sides to the middle, the total width is about one-third of the 5 diameter of the anaerobic fermenter.

The shaftless composite helical stirring blade of the present invention includes a left helical blade 304 that is close to the axis of the fermenter and accounts for about 2/3 of the tank diameter, and a right helical blade 303 that is far away from the axis of the fermenter and accounts for about 1/3 of the tank diameter. The edge of 303 fully contacts the inner wall of the fermenter, and the shaftless composite helical stirring blade fills the entire interior of the fermenter.

Referring to FIG. 2 , optionally, the inlet and outlet sealing device 2 is provided with a feed channel, and the feed channel is provided with a gate for separating the upper silo 201 and the lower silo 204 .

Optionally, the gate includes an upper gate 202 and a lower gate 203, which are followed by a feed bin, an upper gate 202, a lower gate 203, and a lower gate 204 along the feeding direction. The explosion-proof motor drives the upper and lower gates 203 to open and close. Sealing of the feed channel. Open the upper and lower gates 203 according to the sealing requirements to ensure the sealing of the entire device and no air entering during the feeding process.

Optionally, the upper end and the lower end of the shaftless composite spiral stirring blade are respectively fixed to the upper hollow plate 305 and the lower hollow plate 301. The upper hollow plate 305 is sequentially connected to the coupling 306 and the driving device 307 through the hollow shaft. The lower hollow plate 301 The hollow shaft is sequentially connected with the bearing seat and the bracket.

Optionally, the edge of the right helical blade 303 fully contacts the inner wall of the fermenter.

Optionally, the rigid columns 308 are arranged on the same cylindrical surface where the left helical blade 304 and the right helical blade 303 meet and are symmetrically distributed.

Optionally, the heating coils 4 are evenly spread out against the inner wall of the anaerobic fermenter 5 .

Optionally, the top of the anaerobic fermentation tank 5 is provided with a biogas treatment and collection device.

Optionally, the front end of the stirring feeder 1 is provided with a filter screen, and the rear end is provided with a multi-shaft linkage crusher.

Optionally, a plurality of crushing knives are installed on the shaft of the crusher, and the lower part is connected to the feeding channel.

Optionally, the inlet and outlet sealing device 2 is provided with a load-bearing frame 207 and a slide rail placed on the load-bearing frame 207, and the gate can slide on the slide rail. It is guaranteed to be easy to pull and pull, with less resistance.

The inlet and outlet sealing device 2 of the present invention includes upper and lower gates 203 arranged in the feeding channel. The explosion-proof motor is fixedly connected to the gate. The explosion-proof motor drives the upper and lower gates 203 to open and close to realize the sealing of the feeding channel. When sliding on the slide rail, the load-bearing frame 207 supports the entire slide rail and the upper and lower gates 203 to ensure convenient pulling and low resistance. When feeding, the upper gate 202 is opened to the limit position, and the lower gate 203 is closed; when discharging, the upper gate 202 is closed, and the lower gate 203 is opened to the limit position. The coordinated cooperation between the upper and lower gates 203 ensures that a closed space is formed by the upper and lower gates 203 in the process of feeding and discharging, and continuous feeding and discharging can be realized during the process of feeding and discharging, maintaining an anaerobic environment.

Further, the anaerobic fermentation tank 5 is cylindrical, and the biogas treatment and collection device is located at the top of the fermentation tank.

Further description, the inlet and outlet sealing device 2 of the present invention is shown in FIG. 2, from top to bottom: upper silo 201, upper gate 202, explosion-proof motor 1 205, upper slide rail 206, lower gate 203, explosion-proof motor 2 208. The load-bearing frame 207, the lower rail 209, and the lower silo 204. In the initial state, the upper and lower gates 203 are closed. When feeding, the upper silo 201 is opened, and the explosion-proof motor 1 205 drives the upper gate 202 to move on the upper slide rail 206. Until the upper gate 202 is in the open state, that is, the position of the double-dot chain line in the figure, the lower gate 203 is always in the closed state, the feeding is completed, and the upper gate 202 is closed. When discharging, the lower silo 204 is opened, and the second explosion-proof motor 208 drives the lower gate 203 to move on the lower rail 209 until the lower gate 203 is in an open state, which is the position of the double-dotted line in the figure, and the upper gate 202 is always in a closed state. , the discharging is completed, and the lower gate 203 is closed.

Further, the discharge channel 9 from the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank 5 is also provided with the same inlet and outlet sealing device 2 as the feed channel, including a gate, an explosion-proof motor, etc., to further ensure that it is kept airtight and leak-proof during the discharging process. gas.

The shaftless composite helical stirring blade of the present invention is shown in Figure 3. From top to bottom, it is: upper hollow plate 305, left helical blade 304, right helical blade 303, bearing base 302, and lower hollow plate 301. For the spiral stirring blade, the area of about 0-2/3D tank diameter close to the center of the fermenter is the left helical blade 304, and the area of about 2/3D-D tank diameter away from the center is the right helical blade 303.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the rigid column 308 of the present invention includes a plurality of columns symmetrically arranged. Both ends of the column are connected to the upper and lower hollow plates. Symmetrical distribution ensures that the rod is not easily twisted and the blade is not broken.

The specific working example of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

Start the driving device 307, and send the untreated manure into the feeding port. While conveying the manure, the screw blades filter the excess water into the water storage chamber through the filter screen in the feeder 1, and remove the excess water. The manure residue enters the crusher to crush the manure residue, and feeds the material by sequentially opening the upper gate 202 of the feeding and discharging device. The treated manure residue enters the anaerobic fermentation tank 5. At this time, the material movement in the anaerobic fermentation tank 5 is as follows: the central material is thrown downward, the surrounding material is thrown upward, and some materials in the anaerobic fermentation tank 5 are circulated to achieve The purpose of fully and evenly stirring and no dead angle and circulating bacteria. In the heating coil 4, heat transfer oil, steam, waste heat of biogas power generation, etc. can be passed to keep the anaerobic tank at 55-65 °C, so that the whole anaerobic fermentation process can maintain a stable temperature, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid fermentation. When the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor reaches a certain value, the biogas is processed and the clean biogas is directly delivered to the user.

In order to monitor the temperature, humidity and gas volume in the tank in real time during the fermentation process and realize automation, a further preferred solution of the present invention is to set up a corresponding sensing device inside the fermentation tank, and automatically control the entire equipment through PLC to ensure the anaerobic fermentation process. Stable, fast, energy-saving, environmentally friendly, efficient and safe.

The above embodiments are only to illustrate the technical idea of the present invention, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention. The technologies not involved in the present invention can be implemented by the prior art.

Claims (10)

1. a stable and fast anaerobic fermentation device for cultivating manure residue, is characterized in that: comprise stirring feeder, the feeding and discharging sealing device that is connected with described stirring feeder, the anaerobic fermenting device that is connected with described feeding and discharging sealing device an aerobic fermentation tank, a shaftless composite helical stirring blade placed in the anaerobic fermentation tank, a driving device for driving the rotation of the shaftless composite helical stirring blade, and a heating coil placed in the anaerobic fermentation tank; The stirring feeder is located in the first section of the whole equipment, and the shaftless composite helical stirring blade includes a left helical blade arranged near the center of the fermentation tank and a right helical blade arranged far from the center of the fermentation tank. The helical directions of the blades are reversed when the drive is driven. 2. The stable and fast anaerobic fermentation device for culturing manure residue according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the axial direction of the anaerobic fermentation tank is provided with a plurality of rigid columns, and a plurality of rigid columns are arranged on the left helical blade, the right helical On the same cylindrical surface where the blades meet. 3. the stable and fast anaerobic fermentation device of culturing manure residue according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the left helical blade extends symmetrically from the center of the anaerobic fermenter to the tank wall, and the total width is about a third of the diameter of the anaerobic fermenter The second; the right helical blade extends from the circumference of the tank wall of the anaerobic fermenter to the middle, and the total width is about one-third of the diameter of the anaerobic fermenter. 4. The stable and fast anaerobic fermentation device of culturing manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: a feeding channel is provided in the feeding and discharging sealing device, and the feeding channel is provided with a feeding silo and a feeding hopper. The gate that separates the warehouse. 5. The stable and fast anaerobic fermentation device for culturing manure residue according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the gate comprises an upper gate and a lower gate, and is followed by a feed bin, an upper gate, a lower gate and a lower gate along the feeding direction. , through the explosion-proof motor to drive the upper and lower gates to open and close to achieve the sealing of the feeding channel. 6. The stable and rapid anaerobic fermentation device for culturing manure according to claim 1, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the shaftless composite spiral stirring blade are respectively fixed to the upper hollow plate and the lower hollow plate, and the upper hollow plate passes through the hollow shaft. It is connected with the coupling and the driving device in turn, and the lower hollow plate is connected with the bearing seat and the bracket in turn through the hollow shaft. 7. The stable and fast anaerobic fermentation device for culturing manure residue according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the edge of the right helical blade fully contacts the inner wall of the fermentation tank. 8 . The stable and rapid anaerobic fermentation device for culturing manure according to claim 2 , wherein the rigid column is arranged on the same cylindrical surface where the left helical blade and the right helical blade meet and is symmetrically distributed. 9 . 9 . The stable and fast anaerobic fermentation device for aquaculture manure residue according to claim 1 , wherein the heating coil is evenly distributed on the inner wall of the anaerobic fermentation tank. 10 . 10. The stable and rapid anaerobic fermentation device for aquaculture manure residue according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: a biogas treatment and collection device is arranged on the top of the anaerobic fermentation tank.

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