CN113162354A - Brushless electric excitation synchronous generator with wide rotating speed range - Google Patents
Brushless electric excitation synchronous generator with wide rotating speed range Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113162354A CN113162354A CN202110480005.9A CN202110480005A CN113162354A CN 113162354 A CN113162354 A CN 113162354A CN 202110480005 A CN202110480005 A CN 202110480005A CN 113162354 A CN113162354 A CN 113162354A
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- excitation
- winding
- generator
- exciter
- phase
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/02—Details
- H02K21/04—Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation
- H02K21/046—Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation with rotating permanent magnets and stationary field winding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
- H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2103/00—Controlling arrangements characterised by the type of generator
- H02P2103/20—Controlling arrangements characterised by the type of generator of the synchronous type
Abstract
The invention provides a brushless electric excitation synchronous generator with a wide rotating speed range, which comprises a hybrid excitation generator, a three-phase alternating current exciter, a first rotating rectifier, a single-phase exciter, a second rotating rectifier and a main generator, wherein the hybrid excitation generator is connected with the three-phase alternating current exciter; the rotor of the hybrid excitation generator comprises an excitation winding and a permanent magnet; the direction of a magnetic field generated when the excitation winding is electrified with forward excitation current is opposite to that of a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet; the phase sequence of the stator winding of the three-phase alternating-current exciter is opposite to that of the stator winding of the hybrid excitation generator; the stator winding of the hybrid excitation generator is connected with the corresponding phase of the stator winding of the three-phase alternating current exciter; the rotor winding of the three-phase alternating current excitation provides rectified exciting current for the excitation winding of the hybrid excitation generator; the alternating current output by the mixed excitation generator is rectified by the voltage regulating controller to supply power for the excitation winding of the single-phase exciter; the single-phase exciter armature winding provides direct-current exciting current for the main generator exciting winding, so that the main generator armature winding provides constant voltage for the electric load.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of brushless electric excitation synchronous generators, and relates to an electric excitation synchronous generator with a wide rotating speed range.
Background
The brushless electric excitation synchronous generator is also called a three-level generator and comprises a permanent magnet generator, an exciter and a main generator, wherein the permanent magnet generator is an excitation power supply of the exciter when the generator works, and alternating current output by the generator is rectified by a controller and then supplies power to an exciter exciting winding by adjusting the duty ratio of a switching tube connected in series with an excitation loop, so that the exciter armature winding and a rotary rectifier provide proper direct current exciting current for the exciting winding of the main generator, and the main generator armature winding is ensured to provide constant voltage for an electric load. The prior art scheme has the following problems when the rotating speed range of the generator is wider:
(1) with the increase of the rotating speed, the voltage proportion of the permanent magnet generator is increased, and the exciting current (or exciting voltage) required by the main generator and the exciter is reduced, so that the duty ratio of the generator is rapidly reduced, and the voltage regulation performance is rapidly reduced after the duty ratio of the controller is reduced to a certain value;
(2) under the condition of high rotating speed, the voltage of the permanent magnet machine is very high, if the switching tube connected in series on the excitation loop is short-circuited at the moment, the voltage of the permanent magnet machine is completely applied to the excitation winding after being rectified, so that the excitation current of the exciter is very high, the rotating speed of the generator is very high at the moment, the voltage generated by the armature winding of the main generator is higher and can be kilovolt, and the high voltage can damage electronic components of electric equipment before protection action.
The above problems limit the range of the rotating speed of the brushless electric excitation synchronous generator, and currently, in an aviation power supply system, the ratio of the highest rotating speed to the lowest rotating speed is required to be not more than 2 times, and meanwhile, the safety is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a brushless electric excitation synchronous generator with a wide rotating speed range.
The brushless electric excitation synchronous generator can reduce the excitation power supply voltage of the exciter along with the rise of the rotating speed, so that the duty ratio of the motor in a wide rotating speed range is ensured to be in the range which can be adjusted by the controller; and meanwhile, when a switching tube on the excitation loop is in short circuit, the output voltage of the main generator is within the range which can be borne by the load component within the full rotating speed range.
Based on this, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a brushless electric excitation synchronous generator with a wide rotating speed range comprises a hybrid excitation generator 1, a three-phase alternating current exciter 2, a first rotating rectifier 3, a single-phase exciter 4, a second rotating rectifier 5 and a main generator 6;
the rotor of the hybrid excitation generator 1 comprises excitation windings 1-2 and permanent magnets 1-3; the direction of a magnetic field generated when the excitation winding 1-2 is introduced with forward excitation current is opposite to that of a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 1-3; a stator winding 1-1 of the hybrid excitation generator 1 is a three-phase symmetrical winding;
the three-phase alternating-current exciter 2 comprises a stator winding 2-1 and a rotor winding 2-2 which are three-phase symmetrical windings, and the phase sequence of the stator winding 2-1 of the three-phase alternating-current exciter is opposite to that of the stator winding 1-1 of the hybrid excitation generator 1;
the stator winding 1-1 of the hybrid excitation generator 1 is correspondingly connected with the stator winding 2-1 of the three-phase alternating-current exciter 2, and the stator winding 1-1 of the hybrid excitation generator 1 simultaneously provides three-phase alternating current for the voltage regulating controller and the stator winding 2-1 of the three-phase alternating-current exciter 2;
the excitation winding 1-2 of the hybrid excitation generator 1 is connected with the rotor winding 2-2 of the three-phase alternating current exciter 2 through a first rotating rectifier 3, and the rotor winding 2-2 of the three-phase alternating current exciter 2 provides rectified excitation current for the excitation winding 1-2 of the hybrid excitation generator 1;
the single-phase exciter 4 comprises an excitation winding 4-1 and an armature winding 4-2, and alternating current output by the hybrid excitation generator 1 is rectified by the voltage-regulating controller to supply power to the excitation winding 4-1 of the single-phase exciter 4; the armature winding 4-2 of the single-phase exciter 4 and the second rotary rectifier 5 supply direct-current exciting current to the exciting winding 6-2 of the main generator 6, so that the armature winding 6-1 of the main generator supplies constant voltage to the electric load.
Further, the direction of a magnetic field generated when the excitation winding 1-2 is connected with forward excitation current is opposite to that of a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 1-3, so that the excitation magnetic field has weakening effect on the permanent magnetic field.
Further, the phase sequence of the stator winding 1-1 of the hybrid excitation generator 1 is A-B-C, and the phase sequence of the stator winding 2-1 of the three-phase alternating current exciter is A-C-B.
Further, the direction of the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator winding 1-1 of the hybrid excitation generator 1 and the direction of the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator winding 2-1 of the three-phase alternating current exciter when the same armature current is applied are opposite, and the direction of the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator winding of the hybrid excitation generator 1 is the same as the rotating direction of the rotor of the electrically excited synchronous generator, so that the direction of the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator winding 2-1 of the three-phase alternating current exciter is opposite to the rotating direction of the rotor of the electrically excited synchronous generator.
Further, the rotating speed of the rotor winding 2-2 of the three-phase alternating-current exciter for cutting the rotating magnetic field of the stator is 2 times of the rotating speed of the rotor; along with the increase of the rotating speed of the rotor, the speed of cutting the rotor winding 2-2 by the stator winding 2-1 of the three-phase alternating-current exciter is increased, the exciting current provided for the exciting winding 1-2 of the hybrid exciter by the rotor winding 2-2 of the three-phase alternating-current exciter after rectification is increased, so that the rotor magnetic field of the hybrid exciter is weakened, and the output voltage of the hybrid exciter generator 1 is reduced.
Further, after the alternating current output by the hybrid excitation generator 1 is rectified by the voltage regulation controller, the duty ratio of a switching tube connected in series with an excitation loop of the single-phase exciter 4 is regulated to supply power to the excitation winding 4-1 of the single-phase exciter 4.
Advantageous effects
By adopting the invention, the duty ratio of the switch tube of the excitation loop of the brushless electric excitation synchronous generator can not be too low even when the brushless electric excitation synchronous generator operates in a wide rotating speed range, and meanwhile, the excitation current of the single-phase exciter is also smaller even when the switch tube with high rotating speed is in short circuit, and the output voltage of the main generator can not be increased too much to damage electronic components of an electric load.
The invention increases the operating rotating speed range of the brushless electric excitation synchronous generator and improves the safety of the product.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wide-speed-range brushless electric excitation synchronous generator;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a wide rotation speed range brushless electrically excited synchronous generator.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is intended to be illustrative, and not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The embodiment is used for a 100kVA brushless electric excitation synchronous generator, and the rotating speed range of the generator is 10000-25000 rpm.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the wide rotation speed range electrically-excited synchronous generator includes a hybrid excitation generator 1, a three-phase ac exciter 2, a first rotating rectifier 3, a single-phase exciter 4, a second rotating rectifier 5, and a main generator 6.
When the motor works, the hybrid excitation generator 1 is an excitation power supply of the single-phase exciter 4, and the output alternating current of the hybrid excitation generator is rectified by the controller and then supplies power to the excitation winding 4-1 of the single-phase exciter 4 by adjusting the duty ratio of a switching tube connected in series with an excitation loop of the single-phase exciter 4, so that the armature winding 4-2 of the single-phase exciter and the second rotary rectifier 5 provide proper direct-current excitation current for the excitation winding 6-2 of the main generator 6, and the armature winding 6-1 of the main generator is ensured to provide constant voltage for an electric load.
Meanwhile, the stator winding 1-1 of the hybrid excitation generator 1 is connected with the stator winding 2-1 of the three-phase alternating current exciter 2.
The stator winding 1-1 of the hybrid excitation generator 1 is a three-phase symmetrical winding, and the phase sequence is A-B-C, namely, the A-phase winding leads the B-phase winding by 120 degrees of electrical angle under the specified steering of the generator, and the B-phase winding leads the C-phase winding by 120 degrees of electrical angle; the rotor of the hybrid excitation generator 1 comprises an excitation winding 1-2 and a permanent magnet 1-3, and a magnetic field generated when the excitation winding 1-2 is introduced with forward excitation current is opposite to the direction of a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 1-3, namely the excitation magnetic field has weakening effect on the permanent magnet magnetic field.
The three-phase alternating current exciter 2 comprises a stator winding 2-1 and a rotor winding 2-2 which are three-phase symmetrical windings, and the phase sequence of the stator winding 2-1 of the three-phase alternating current exciter is opposite to that of the stator winding 1-1 of the hybrid excitation generator 1 and is A-C-B, namely the phase A winding leads the phase C winding by 120 degrees in electrical angle under the specified steering of the generator, and the phase C winding leads the phase B winding by 120 degrees in electrical angle. The stator winding 1-1 of the hybrid excitation generator 1 is correspondingly connected with the stator winding 2-1 of the three-phase alternating current exciter 2, namely A-A connection, B-B connection and C-C connection.
When the rotor of the electric excitation synchronous generator rotates, the stator winding 1-1 of the mixed excitation generator 1 simultaneously provides three-phase alternating current for the voltage regulating controller and the stator winding 2-1 of the three-phase alternating current exciter, because the phase sequence of the stator winding 1-1 of the mixed excitation generator is opposite to that of the stator winding 2-1 of the three-phase alternating current exciter, when the rotating magnetic field direction generated by the stator winding of the mixed excitation generator 1 is opposite to that of the rotor of the electric excitation synchronous generator, and because the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator winding of the mixed excitation generator 1 is the same as the rotating direction of the rotor of the electric excitation synchronous generator, the rotating magnetic field direction generated by the stator winding 2-1 of the three-phase alternating current exciter is opposite to that of the rotor of the electric excitation synchronous generator, thus the rotating speed of the rotor winding 2-2 of the three-phase alternating current exciter for cutting the stator rotating magnetic field is 2 times of the rotor rotating speed, namely, with the increase of the rotor speed, the speed of cutting the rotor winding 2-2 by the stator winding 2-1 of the three-phase alternating current exciter is also increased, the exciting current provided for the exciting winding 1-2 of the hybrid exciter after the rotor winding 2-2 of the three-phase alternating current exciter is rectified is increased, so that the rotor magnetic field of the hybrid exciter is weakened, and the exciting power supply of the exciter has the characteristic of 'speed negative feedback', so that the output voltage of the hybrid exciter 1 is reduced along with the increase of the speed. Therefore, even if the generator runs in a wide rotating speed range, the duty ratio of the switch tube of the excitation loop cannot be too low, and meanwhile, even if the switch tube of the high rotating speed is in short circuit, the excitation current of the single-phase exciter is small, and the output voltage of the main generator cannot be increased too much to damage electronic components of the electric load.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a wide rotational speed range brushless electricity excitation synchronous generator which characterized in that: the excitation system comprises a hybrid excitation generator (1), a three-phase alternating current exciter (2), a first rotating rectifier (3), a single-phase exciter (4), a second rotating rectifier (5) and a main generator (6);
the rotor of the hybrid excitation generator (1) comprises an excitation winding (1-2) and a permanent magnet (1-3); the direction of a magnetic field generated when the excitation winding (1-2) is electrified with forward excitation current is opposite to that of a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet (1-3); a stator winding (1-1) of the hybrid excitation generator (1) is a three-phase symmetrical winding;
the three-phase alternating-current exciter (2) comprises a stator winding (2-1) and a rotor winding (2-2), which are three-phase symmetrical windings, and the phase sequence of the stator winding (2-1) of the three-phase alternating-current exciter is opposite to that of the stator winding (1-1) of the hybrid excitation generator (1);
the stator winding (1-1) of the hybrid excitation generator (1) is correspondingly connected with the stator winding (2-1) of the three-phase alternating-current exciter (2), and the stator winding (1-1) of the hybrid excitation generator (1) simultaneously provides three-phase alternating current for the voltage regulation controller and the stator winding (2-1) of the three-phase alternating-current exciter (2);
the excitation winding (1-2) of the hybrid excitation generator (1) is connected with the rotor winding (2-2) of the three-phase alternating current exciter (2) through a first rotating rectifier (3), and the rotor winding (2-2) of the three-phase alternating current exciter (2) provides rectified excitation current for the excitation winding (1-2) of the hybrid excitation generator (1);
the single-phase exciter (4) comprises an excitation winding (4-1) and an armature winding (4-2), and alternating current output by the hybrid excitation generator (1) is rectified by the voltage regulating controller to supply power to the excitation winding (4-1) of the single-phase exciter (4); an armature winding (4-2) of the single-phase exciter (4) and the second rotary rectifier (5) provide direct-current exciting current for an exciting winding (6-2) of the main generator (6), so that the armature winding (6-1) of the main generator provides constant voltage for a power load.
2. A wide speed range brushless electrically excited synchronous generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the magnetic field generated when the excitation winding (1-2) is electrified with the forward excitation current is opposite to the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet (1-3), so that the excitation magnetic field has weakening effect on the permanent magnetic field.
3. A wide speed range brushless electrically excited synchronous generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the phase sequence of a stator winding (1-1) of the hybrid excitation generator (1) is A-B-C, and the phase sequence of a stator winding (2-1) of the three-phase alternating current exciter is A-C-B.
4. A wide speed range brushless electrically excited synchronous generator as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the direction of a rotating magnetic field generated by the stator winding (1-1) of the hybrid excitation generator (1) and the direction of a rotating magnetic field generated by the stator winding (2-1) of the three-phase alternating current exciter are opposite when the same armature current is supplied, the direction of the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator winding of the hybrid excitation generator (1) is the same as the rotating direction of the rotor of the electric excitation synchronous generator, and the direction of the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator winding (2-1) of the three-phase alternating current exciter is opposite to the rotating direction of the rotor of the electric excitation synchronous generator.
5. The wide speed range brushless electrically excited synchronous generator of claim 4, wherein: the rotating speed of the stator rotating magnetic field cut by the three-phase alternating current exciter rotor winding (2-2) is 2 times of the rotating speed of the rotor; with the increase of the rotating speed of the rotor, the speed of cutting the rotor winding (2-2) by the stator winding (2-1) of the three-phase alternating-current exciter is increased, the exciting current provided for the excitation winding (1-2) of the hybrid exciter after the rotor winding (2-2) of the three-phase alternating-current exciter is rectified is increased, the rotor magnetic field of the hybrid exciter generator is weakened, and the output voltage of the hybrid exciter generator (1) is reduced.
6. A wide speed range brushless electrically excited synchronous generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: alternating current output by the hybrid excitation generator (1) is rectified by the voltage regulating controller, and then power is supplied to an excitation winding (4-1) of the single-phase exciter (4) by regulating the duty ratio of a switching tube connected in series with an excitation loop of the single-phase exciter (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110480005.9A CN113162354A (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2021-04-30 | Brushless electric excitation synchronous generator with wide rotating speed range |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110480005.9A CN113162354A (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2021-04-30 | Brushless electric excitation synchronous generator with wide rotating speed range |
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| CN113162354A true CN113162354A (en) | 2021-07-23 |
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| CN202110480005.9A Pending CN113162354A (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2021-04-30 | Brushless electric excitation synchronous generator with wide rotating speed range |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113970397A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-25 | 航天科工智能机器人有限责任公司 | Measuring device |
| CN114785078A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-07-22 | 宁德时代电机科技有限公司 | Constant-voltage composite electro-magnetic permanent magnet synchronous power frequency water-cooled generator |
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2021
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113970397A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-25 | 航天科工智能机器人有限责任公司 | Measuring device |
| CN114785078A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-07-22 | 宁德时代电机科技有限公司 | Constant-voltage composite electro-magnetic permanent magnet synchronous power frequency water-cooled generator |
| CN114785078B (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-06 | 宁德时代电机科技有限公司 | Constant-voltage composite electro-magnetic permanent magnet synchronous power frequency water-cooled generator |
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