CN113160523A - High slope stability monitoring and early warning system and method - Google Patents
High slope stability monitoring and early warning system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113160523A CN113160523A CN202110310716.1A CN202110310716A CN113160523A CN 113160523 A CN113160523 A CN 113160523A CN 202110310716 A CN202110310716 A CN 202110310716A CN 113160523 A CN113160523 A CN 113160523A
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- laser range
- displacement scale
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/10—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to calamitous events, e.g. tornados or earthquakes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/026—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness by measuring distance between sensor and object
Abstract
The invention discloses a high slope stability monitoring and early warning system and a method, comprising a monitoring device, a data processing system and a plurality of displacement scales; the monitoring device comprises a data acquisition processor and a plurality of laser range finders, wherein the laser range finders are arranged at the bottom of the side slope, the displacement scales are arranged on the slope surface of the side slope to be monitored, and the laser range finders and the displacement scales are in one-to-one correspondence for monitoring; the displacement scale is step-shaped, and the step height of the displacement scale is greater than the measurement precision of the laser range finder; the output end of the laser range finder is connected with the input end of the data acquisition processor, the output end of the data acquisition processor is connected with the input end of the data processing system, and the data processing system processes, judges and warns the displacement data measured by the laser range finder. The invention utilizes the steps of the displacement scale to enlarge the measuring distance of the laser range finder, and ensures that the laser range finder can accurately identify the mountain when certain displacement occurs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high slope geological disaster engineering, and particularly belongs to a high slope stability monitoring and early warning system and method.
Background
Along with the global climate change aggravation, the extreme climate is frequent, the landslide caused by natural disasters such as rainstorm or earthquake is gradually increased, and the personal property safety of residents nearby the landslide and the engineering safety of roads and railways constructed nearby are greatly damaged, so that the high slope stability is more and more concerned by people, the information of the high slope stability is timely monitored and fed back, an early warning signal is sent out, and the method has important significance for guaranteeing the personal property safety. Along with the development of modern science and technology, there is the problem that the structure is complicated, the installation is difficult, and the cost is expensive in the high slope stability monitoring device on the market at present, is not convenient for carry out extensive installation and use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a high slope stability monitoring and early warning system and method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a high slope stability monitoring and early warning system comprises a monitoring device, a data processing system and a plurality of displacement scales;
the monitoring device comprises a data acquisition processor and a plurality of laser range finders, wherein the laser range finders are arranged at the bottom of the side slope, the displacement scales are arranged on the slope surface of the side slope to be monitored, and the laser range finders are in one-to-one correspondence with the displacement scales for monitoring; the displacement scale is step-shaped, and the step height of the displacement scale is greater than the measurement precision of the laser range finder;
the output end of the laser range finder is connected with the input end of the data acquisition processor, the output end of the data acquisition processor is connected with the input end of the data processing system, and the data processing system processes, judges and warns the displacement data measured by the laser range finder.
Preferably, the data processing system comprises a communication transmitting base station, a satellite, a communication receiving base station, the internet, a remote computer and a mobile phone terminal;
the output end of the data acquisition processor is connected with the input end of the communication transmitting base station, the output end of the communication transmitting base station is connected with the input end of the satellite, the output end of the satellite is connected with the input end of the communication receiving base station, the communication receiving base station is connected to a remote computer through the Internet, and the remote computer processes displacement data measured by the laser range finder and transmits the displacement data to the mobile phone terminal for warning.
Preferably, the displacement scales comprise a 0 azimuth displacement scale, a 2 azimuth displacement scale and a 4 azimuth displacement scale;
the 0 azimuth displacement scale is cylindrical, the cylindrical 0 azimuth displacement scale is step-shaped, and the widths and heights of steps in the upper, lower, left and right directions in the 0 azimuth displacement scale are equal;
the 2-azimuth displacement scale is of a cube structure, the 2-azimuth displacement scale of the cube structure is of a step shape, the width and the height of steps in the left and right directions in the 2-azimuth displacement scale are equal, the width and the height of steps in the up and down directions are equal, and the width and the height of the steps in the up and down directions are larger than those of the steps in the left and right directions;
the 4 azimuth displacement scales are of a cube structure, the 4 azimuth displacement scales of the cube structure are of a step shape, and the step width and the height of the 4 azimuth displacement scales in the up-down left-right direction are different.
Preferably, still include fixing device, fixing device sets up the bottom at the side slope, data acquisition processor and a plurality of laser range finder all set up on fixing device.
Preferably, the monitoring device further comprises an alarm, and the alarm is used for giving an alarm when the slope surface of the side slope displaces.
Preferably, the probe of the laser rangefinder is perpendicular to the displacement scale.
Preferably, the displacement scale is made of reinforced concrete or plastic.
A high slope stability monitoring and early warning method comprises the following processes that a laser range finder fixed at the bottom of a slope emits laser to align a displacement scale arranged on a slope surface, and the movement change of the displacement scale is measured;
when the displacement scale is displaced, the laser range finder measures a fixed value of the distance change, the data acquisition processor acquires displacement data of the laser range finder and transmits the displacement data to the data processing system, and the data processing system judges the moving speed according to the moving direction of the displacement scale and the size of the change value, so that the stability of a high slope is judged, and whether an early warning signal is sent is judged.
Preferably, when the early warning signal is sent out, the alarm is given out through an alarm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention provides a high slope stability monitoring and early warning system, which is convenient to install, can be quickly arranged on the slope surface of a slope to be detected and is suitable for various slopes by arranging a displacement scale on the slope surface of the high slope and arranging a laser range finder under the foot of the high slope and measuring the movement change of the displacement scale arranged on the slope surface of the high slope through the laser range finder. The moving data of the displacement scale can be obtained through the first time measurement of the laser range finder, and the early warning is sent out after the moving data is judged through the data processing system. And the measuring distance of the laser range finder is enlarged by utilizing the step of the displacement scale, the distance change of the step is greater than the measuring precision of the laser range finder, and the laser range finder can accurately identify the mountain when certain displacement occurs. The system of the invention has simple structure, low cost and accurate measurement.
Further, through adopting 0 position displacement scale, 2 position displacement scales and 4 position displacement scales, can monitor the high slope under different conditions, satisfy the demand among the practical application.
Furthermore, the data acquisition processor and the laser range finder are fixed by arranging a fixing device, so that the data acquisition processor and the laser range finder are convenient to install during monitoring.
The invention provides a high slope stability monitoring and early warning method, which comprises the steps of monitoring a displacement scale arranged on a slope surface through a laser range finder, measuring displacement change of the displacement scale at the first time by the laser range finder when the displacement scale is displaced, transmitting displacement data of the laser range finder to a data processing system by a data acquisition processor, judging the moving speed by the data processing system according to the moving direction of the displacement scale and the size of a change value, further judging the stability of a high slope, and judging whether to send out an early warning signal. The method can continuously monitor the stability of the high slope in real time, quickly calculate the landslide speed, timely send out an early warning signal when the slope is unstable, and continuously transmit the monitoring data to a server for remote monitoring and data processing in real time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a high slope stability monitoring and early warning device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a static top view of a displacement scale positioned on a high slope in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a wireless transmission system of a high slope stability monitoring and early warning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a 0 azimuth displacement scale structure in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a 0 azimuth displacement scale structure in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the cross section A-A of the 2-position displacement scale structure in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the cross section B-B of the 2-position displacement scale structure in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view of an azimuth displacement scale structure according to an embodiment of the present invention 2;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a cross section A-A of a 4-position displacement scale structure in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a cross section B-B of a 4-position displacement scale structure in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a top view of a 4-azimuth displacement scale structure in an embodiment of the invention.
In the drawings: the system comprises a displacement scale 1, a landslide surface 2, a landslide body 3, a slope surface 4, an alarm 5, a laser range finder 6, a data acquisition processor 7, a fixing device 8, a communication transmitting base station 9, a satellite 10, a communication receiving base station 11, the internet 12, a remote computer 13 and a mobile phone terminal 14.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
The invention provides a high slope stability monitoring and early warning system with simple structure and high efficiency, the system can continuously monitor the stability of a high slope in real time, send out early warning signals in time when the slope is unstable, and continuously transmit monitoring data to a server for remote monitoring and data processing in real time.
The invention discloses a high slope stability monitoring system which comprises a plurality of displacement scales 1, an alarm 5, a plurality of laser range finders 6, a data acquisition processor 7 and a data processing system.
A plurality of displacement scale 1 sets up the not co-altitude position on the domatic 4 of high slope, and a plurality of laser range finder 6 sets up under the slope foot, and a plurality of laser range finder 6's probe one-to-one respectively points to a plurality of displacement scale 1, and a plurality of laser range finder 6 monitors the displacement with a plurality of displacement scale 1 one-to-one.
The data processing system comprises a communication transmitting base station 9, a satellite 10, a communication receiving base station 11, the Internet 12, a remote computer 13 and a mobile phone terminal 14; the output end of the data acquisition processor 7 is connected with the input end of the communication transmitting base station 9, the output end of the communication transmitting base station 9 is connected with the input end of the satellite 10, the output end of the satellite 10 is connected with the input end of the communication receiving base station 11, the communication receiving base station 11 is connected to the remote computer 13 through the internet 12, and the remote computer 13 processes the displacement data measured by the laser range finder 6 and transmits the displacement data to the mobile phone terminal 14 for warning.
A high slope stability monitoring and early warning method of a data acquisition processor comprises the following processes: through fixing the laser range finder 6 under the hillside foot, measure the change of installing the displacement scale 1 removal at high slope domatic 4 of high slope, the fixed value that displacement scale 1 changes in different directions is different, fixed value through measuring the distance change, distal end computer 13 can judge the direction that displacement scale 1 removed automatically, the size of change value is judged and is removed the speed, and then judge the stability of high slope, give the signal whether send the early warning, and all data can be transmitted to the treater of distal end computer 13 through wireless communication network, further carry out post processing to data, judge the rank of massif landslide through the displacement volume of displacement scale 1 and time, perhaps take place the risk of massif landslide through the model prediction.
The invention provides a method based on slope surface displacement, which is used for directly measuring the stability of a high slope, quickly giving early warning, quickly transmitting monitoring data to a remote computer processor through the Internet and simultaneously sending an early warning signal to each client mobile phone terminal.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the high slope stability monitoring and early warning system of the present invention includes a monitoring device, a displacement scale 1 and a data processing system.
The monitoring device comprises an alarm 5, a data acquisition processor 7, a fixing device 8 and a plurality of laser range finders 6.
The displacement scales 1 are arranged at different height positions on the slope 4 of the monitored mountain, the alarm 5, the laser range finder 6 and the data acquisition processor 7 are arranged on the fixing device 8 below the monitored mountain, and the probe of the laser range finder 6 is aligned with the center of the displacement scale 1. The output ends of the laser range finders 6 are connected with the input end of the data acquisition processor 7, the output end of the data acquisition processor 7 is connected with the input end of the data processing system, and the data processing system processes, judges and warns the displacement data measured by the laser range finders 6. The alarm 5 is used for giving an alarm when the slope surface 4 of the side slope is displaced.
The data processing system comprises a communication transmitting base station 9, a satellite 10, a communication receiving base station 11, the Internet 12, a remote computer 13 and a mobile phone terminal 14; the output end of the data acquisition processor 7 is connected with the input end of the communication transmitting base station 9, the output end of the communication transmitting base station 9 is connected with the input end of the satellite 10, the output end of the satellite 10 is connected with the input end of the communication receiving base station 11, the communication receiving base station 11 is connected to the remote computer 13 through the internet 12, and the remote computer 13 processes the displacement data measured by the laser range finder 6 and transmits the displacement data to the mobile phone terminal 14 for warning.
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the displacement scale 1 includes a 0-direction displacement scale, a 2-direction displacement scale and a 4-direction displacement scale, and the displacement scale 1 may be made of some corrosion-resistant materials, such as reinforced concrete or plastic.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the 0-direction displacement scale is a regular circle, and is provided with different steps, each step has a height of 5cm and a width of cm, when a mountain landslide occurs, the data measured by the laser range finder 6 is a jump at an interval of 5cm, and only the landslide body 3 of the mountain is monitored to move along the landslide surface 2, but the displacement direction cannot be clearly distinguished.
As shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, the 2-direction displacement scale is a regular square, steps are arranged in 4 directions, the upper step and the lower step are 5cm wide and 5cm high, and the left step and the right step are 10cm wide and 12cm high. When a mountain landslide occurs and data measured by the laser range finder 6 jump at intervals of 5cm, the landslide body 3 moves upwards or downwards, but the displacement of the landslide body in the upwards or downwards direction cannot be distinguished; when the data measured by the 6 laser range finder jump at 12cm intervals, the 3-slope body moves leftwards or rightwards, but the displacement in the left or right direction cannot be distinguished.
As shown in fig. 9, 10 and 11, the 4-direction displacement scale is a regular square, steps are arranged in 4 directions, the width of the upper step is 5cm, the height of the upper step is 4cm, the width of the lower step is 5cm, the height of the lower step is 7cm, the width of the left step is 10cm, the height of the left step is 5cm, the width of the right step is 10cm, and the height of the right step is 6 cm. When the landslide occurs on the mountain, when the data measured by the 6-laser range finder jump at intervals of 4cm, 5cm, 6cm and 7cm, the 3-landslide body moves upwards, leftwards, rightwards and downwards.
According to the practical situation, only the displacement of the mountain is monitored but the displacement direction is not required to be determined, the azimuth displacement scale 0 is selected, if the mountain is to be clearly monitored to move vertically or horizontally, the azimuth displacement scale 2 is selected, and if the mountain is to be clearly monitored to move in the upper, lower, left and right directions, the azimuth displacement scale 4 is selected.
When the displacement scale 1 is installed on a mountain, the work is necessarily stable, the displacement scale cannot be moved easily, and the position is kept unchanged for a long time. The displacement scale 1 is uniformly arranged on the monitored landslide as much as possible, and the monitoring accuracy is ensured. The size of the displacement scale 1 can be set according to actual conditions, the radius of the displacement scale can be from 0.1m to 10m, and the displacement scale can be customized according to actual conditions. According to the invention, the step of the displacement scale 1 is utilized to enlarge the measurement distance perpendicular to the laser range finder, the change of the perpendicular distance is larger than the measurement precision of the laser range finder, and the laser range finder can accurately identify the mountain when certain displacement occurs.
As shown in fig. 3, the data processing system includes a communication transmitting base station 9, a satellite 10, a communication receiving base station 11, the internet 12, a remote computer 13 and a handset terminal 14. The data measured by the laser range finder 6 is sent to a communication transmitting base station 9 by a data acquisition processor 7, then is transmitted to a satellite 10, then is transmitted to a communication receiving base station 11, and the information enters the internet 12 and is transmitted to a remote computer 13, and then is sent to a mobile phone terminal 14 of a user through wireless communication.
At present, the measuring precision of a common laser range finder 6 on the market can reach mm level, a displacement scale 1 with cm level resolution difference is manufactured, and inaccuracy brought to landslide displacement measurement by measuring errors of the laser range finder 6 can be ignored. The displacement scale 1 with different precision is accurately measured due to landslide by using the laser range finder 6, a landslide alarm is sent out, displacement data are transmitted to an industrial computer through a satellite internet to accurately measure and judge the grade of the landslide, and finally the result is transmitted to the mobile phone terminal 14.
According to the field condition, if the measuring distance of the laser range finder 6 is too far, the measuring precision is less than mm level, the step height of the displacement scale 1 can be adjusted, the displacement scales with different precisions are customized, and the measuring accuracy of the laser range finder 6 is ensured.
The laser range finder 6 can not directly measure the distance from the surface of the mountain to the measuring position, the surface of the mountain can change due to natural erosion such as rainfall or wind, and the displacement scale 1 made of corrosion-resistant materials is arranged on the surface of the landslide body, so that the problem is solved.
The high slope stability monitoring and early warning system is simple in structure, easy to produce and manufacture, simple to install, low in cost, efficient and accurate.
Whole instrument chooses for use the laser range finder 6 of corresponding precision and range according to actual conditions in the installation, evenly fixes the displacement scale 1 of corresponding specification more than 3 on the mountain body high slope that monitors, installs a fixing device 8 in suitable position under the foot of a mountain to with alarm 5, laser range finder 6 and data acquisition processor 7 installation fixing device 8 on, laser range finder 6 must be perpendicular to displacement scale 1, and aim at the central point of displacement scale 1.
When a slope of a certain part of a mountain is landslide, displacement scales installed at different positions on the slope of the mountain are displaced, the laser range finder 6 measures different displacement amounts within corresponding time, meanwhile, the landslide alarm under the slope starts to give an alarm, measured displacement data are transmitted to a remote computer 13 through a data acquisition processor 7, a communication transmitting base station 9, a satellite 10, a communication receiving base station 11 and the Internet 12, the landslide speed is calculated quickly, the grade of the landslide is evaluated accurately, and the landslide data are sent to a mobile phone terminal 14 of a relevant person quickly through a communication network.
Claims (9)
1. A high slope stability monitoring and early warning system is characterized by comprising a monitoring device, a data processing system and a plurality of displacement scales (1);
the monitoring device comprises a data acquisition processor (7) and a plurality of laser range finders (6), wherein the laser range finders (6) are arranged at the bottom of the side slope, the displacement scale (1) is arranged on the slope surface (4) of the side slope to be monitored, and the laser range finders (6) and the displacement scale (1) are in one-to-one correspondence for monitoring; the displacement scale (1) is step-shaped, and the step height of the displacement scale (1) is greater than the measurement precision of the laser range finder (6);
the output end of the laser range finder (6) is connected with the input end of the data acquisition processor (7), the output end of the data acquisition processor (7) is connected with the input end of the data processing system, and the data processing system processes, judges and warns the displacement data measured by the laser range finder (6).
2. The high slope stability monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the data processing system comprises a communication transmitting base station (9), a satellite (10), a communication receiving base station (11), the internet (12), a remote computer (13) and a mobile phone terminal (14);
the output end of the data acquisition processor (7) is connected with the input end of the communication transmitting base station (9), the output end of the communication transmitting base station (9) is connected with the input end of the satellite (10), the output end of the satellite (10) is connected with the input end of the communication receiving base station (11), the communication receiving base station (11) is connected to the remote computer (13) through the internet (12), and the remote computer (13) processes the displacement data measured by the laser range finder (6) and transmits the displacement data to the mobile phone terminal (14) for warning.
3. The high slope stability monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the displacement scale (1) comprises a 0-direction displacement scale, a 2-direction displacement scale and a 4-direction displacement scale;
the 0 azimuth displacement scale is cylindrical, the cylindrical 0 azimuth displacement scale is step-shaped, and the widths and heights of steps in the upper, lower, left and right directions in the 0 azimuth displacement scale are equal;
the 2-azimuth displacement scale is of a cube structure, the 2-azimuth displacement scale of the cube structure is of a step shape, the width and the height of steps in the left and right directions in the 2-azimuth displacement scale are equal, the width and the height of steps in the up and down directions are equal, and the width and the height of the steps in the up and down directions are larger than those of the steps in the left and right directions;
the 4 azimuth displacement scales are of a cube structure, the 4 azimuth displacement scales of the cube structure are of a step shape, and the step width and the height of the 4 azimuth displacement scales in the up-down left-right direction are different.
4. A high slope stability monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, further comprising a fixing device (8), wherein the fixing device (8) is disposed at the bottom of the slope, and the data acquisition processor (7) and the plurality of laser range finders (6) are disposed on the fixing device (8).
5. A high slope stability monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring device further comprises an alarm (5), and the alarm (5) is used for giving an alarm when the slope surface (4) of the side slope is displaced.
6. A high slope stability monitoring and pre-warning system according to claim 1, wherein the probe of the laser range finder (6) is perpendicular to the displacement scale (1).
7. A high slope stability monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the displacement scale (1) is made of reinforced concrete or plastic.
8. A high slope stability monitoring and early warning method is characterized by comprising the following processes that a laser range finder (6) fixed at the bottom of a slope emits laser to align a displacement scale (1) arranged on a slope surface (4), and the movement change of the displacement scale (1) is measured;
when the displacement scale (1) is displaced, the laser range finder (6) measures the fixed value of the distance change, the data acquisition processor (7) acquires the displacement data of the laser range finder (6) and transmits the displacement data to the data processing system, and the data processing system judges the moving speed according to the moving direction of the displacement scale (1) and the size of the change value, so that the stability of a high slope is judged, and whether an early warning signal is sent is judged.
9. A high slope stability monitoring and early warning method according to claim 8, characterized in that when an early warning signal is sent, an alarm is given through the alarm (5).
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