CN219626119U - Highway side slope monitoring and early warning system - Google Patents
Highway side slope monitoring and early warning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN219626119U CN219626119U CN202320340929.3U CN202320340929U CN219626119U CN 219626119 U CN219626119 U CN 219626119U CN 202320340929 U CN202320340929 U CN 202320340929U CN 219626119 U CN219626119 U CN 219626119U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a highway slope monitoring and early warning system, which is characterized by comprising the following components: the system comprises a monitoring and early warning cloud platform, a deep displacement monitoring device, an environment monitoring device, a slope surface displacement variable, a deep displacement monitoring device, a soil humidity and air temperature humidity change data collection device, a monitoring and early warning system, a data transmission device, a monitoring and early warning cloud platform, a detection and early warning system and a high-speed traffic safety protection device.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a highway slope monitoring and early warning system, and belongs to the technical field of traffic safety monitoring.
Background
In recent years, more and more roads, railways, and other foundation works are being developed in loess plateau areas. Due to the influence of the special engineering geological environment of the loess plateau region, the rainfall of the loess region is more frequent due to the loose and porous structure of the loess and the extensive development of the joint cracks, and the stability problem of the loess slope becomes important in ensuring the safe construction and operation of engineering. The monitoring of the side slope in loess areas is enhanced, the precursor signals of the occurrence of the side slope hazard are captured as early as possible, the prediction and the forecast of the development trend of the landslide are made, and the method has important practical significance for preventing the occurrence of disasters or reducing the loss of disasters.
Many projects are used for excavating and constructing a large scale of side slopes in the construction process, so that the original landforms of a large number of side slopes are changed, and loess side slopes with huge quantities are formed. Considering the complicated geological structure in loess area, single monitoring scheme can't satisfy the monitoring requirement, needs to establish one set comprehensively, three-dimensional, and is accurate, can the monitoring system that a plurality of check out test set complemented each other of rational utilization, combines the big data of measurement simultaneously, realizes the monitoring system of automation, intelligent monitoring early warning. According to the dynamic monitoring method, dynamic monitoring of the side slope is realized, and feedback information is timely provided for construction and follow-up stable operation of the side slope engineering.
The current common slope monitoring techniques can be divided into several major categories:
traditional manual monitoring: the method is characterized in that a traditional measuring instrument (theodolite, level gauge, total station and the like) is used for carrying out surface deformation monitoring on the side slope in combination with a proper geodetic measuring method (front intersection, ranging method, small angle method and the like), and the method is the most traditional technical means in monitoring landslide deformation.
And (3) shooting and monitoring: the short-distance target image information is acquired through the photo acquired by the optical camera, and the shape, the size and the position of the shot object can be acquired through processing the photo and analyzing pixels, so that the three-dimensional space data of the shot object can be determined.
And (3) monitoring a synthetic aperture interferometry radar: and transmitting microwaves to a target area by using a radar, receiving echoes reflected by the target, obtaining an SAR complex image pair imaged by the same target area, obtaining an interferogram by conjugate multiplication of the SAR complex image pair, and obtaining the distance difference of the microwaves in two imaging according to the phase value of the interferogram, thereby calculating the topography, the topography and the tiny change of the surface of the target area.
GNSS (global navigation satellite system) monitoring technology: and obtaining the position information of each monitoring point in different periods by utilizing the relative positioning between the GPS/BDS/GLONASS/GALILEO and other satellite measurement reference stations and the monitoring points, then processing and analyzing the position information by utilizing data software, eliminating various environmental impact error factors, and comparing with initial results to obtain the displacement information of each monitoring point in different periods.
Traditional side slope GNSS monitoring technology can monitor the surface displacement of the side slope, but can not monitor the soil layer dislocation of the soil structure inside the side slope. In addition, GNSS positioning systems have a series of problems such as high delay, low precision, long resolving time, etc., which results in that accuracy and timeliness of the monitoring system cannot be guaranteed.
Other slope monitoring technologies such as synthetic aperture interference radar, photogrammetry and the like have higher requirements on monitoring environments, and measurement accuracy is often not high under the influence of severe weather such as rainfall, and the severe weather is very easy to cause landslide and collapse of loess slopes.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a highway slope monitoring and early warning system.
The utility model provides a highway side slope monitoring early warning system which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a GNSS earth surface monitoring device, a deep displacement monitoring device and an environment monitoring device, wherein the GNSS earth surface monitoring device, the deep displacement monitoring device and the environment monitoring device are connected with a monitoring and early warning cloud platform through a data transmission device, the GNSS earth surface monitoring device monitors earth surface displacement variables of a side slope in real time, the deep displacement monitoring device collects displacement values of deep soil layers in the side slope, the environment monitoring device collects rainfall and soil humidity and air temperature and humidity change data, the monitoring and early warning system gathers all data to the monitoring and early warning cloud platform through the data transmission device, and the monitoring and early warning cloud platform receives all data, stores and displays the data and compares all data with a preset threshold value for early warning; the system also comprises a solar power supply system, wherein the solar power supply system supplies power to the GNSS ground surface monitoring device, the deep displacement monitoring device, the environment monitoring device and the data transmission device.
Further, the highway side slope monitoring and early warning system is characterized in that the GNSS ground surface monitoring device comprises a vertical rod, a solar panel and a GNSS receiver, the GNSS receiver receives Beidou original observation data, calculates position coordinates, obtains a side slope actual displacement variable, and uploads the data to a monitoring and early warning cloud platform.
Further, the highway side slope monitoring and early warning system is characterized in that the deep position monitoring device comprises a deep position monitoring vertical rod, a deep position monitoring solar panel, a deep position data transmission terminal, an inclinometer and a fixed inclinometer, wherein the fixed inclinometer is arranged in the inclinometer, calculates the displacement value of the deep soil layer inside through the inclination change of the inclinometer, and uploads the displacement change amount to the monitoring and early warning cloud platform through the deep position data transmission terminal.
Further, highway side slope monitoring early warning system, its characterized in that, environment monitoring device by environment monitoring pole setting, environment monitoring solar panel, environment data transmission terminal, rain gauge, air temperature humidity transducer, soil humidity sensor constitute, soil humidity transducer measures soil humidity, air temperature humidity transducer monitors air temperature humidity and changes, rain gauge monitoring environment rainfall, and through environment data transmission terminal uploads the data of collecting to monitoring early warning cloud platform.
Further, highway side slope monitoring early warning system, its characterized in that: and the data transmission device sends the monitoring data to the monitoring and early warning cloud platform through a 4G or 5G network through the SIM card.
Further, highway side slope monitoring early warning system, its characterized in that: and the monitoring and early warning cloud platform stores and displays the monitoring data and monitors and early warns the expressway slope according to an early warning threshold set by a user.
Further, highway side slope monitoring early warning system, its characterized in that: when the rainfall gauge monitors that rainfall occurs in the area where the side slope is located, the monitoring and early warning cloud platform increases the monitoring data acquisition frequency; and when the monitoring value of the rain gauge stops changing, the monitoring and early warning cloud platform restores the monitoring data acquisition frequency to be normal.
The utility model has the advantages that by arranging the GNSS earth surface monitoring device, the deep displacement monitoring device and the environment monitoring device, the related data such as the earth surface displacement of the side slope, the deep soil displacement, the rainfall, the soil humidity, the air temperature humidity and the like are comprehensively monitored, a set of three-dimensional perfect highway side slope monitoring system is constructed, various monitoring data of the side slope can be comprehensively and accurately obtained, the precision of side slope monitoring is effectively improved, and errors in the detection process and false alarms possibly occurring in early warning are reduced. By using the cloud platform technology, cloud storage and visualization of monitoring data are realized, and the current situation of the slope can be accurately reflected in real time; through automatic data processing, early warning information is timely sent, expressway slope monitoring early warning informatization and intellectualization are achieved, and guarantee is provided for expressway safety construction and long-term stable operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the monitoring instrument arrangement of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system structure according to the present utility model.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the early warning process of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a GNSS ground surface monitoring device according to the present utility model.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a deep displacement monitoring device according to the present utility model.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an environmental monitoring device according to the present utility model.
Reference numerals: 1-potential sliding surface; 2-deep displacement monitoring device; 3-GNSS reference instrument; 4-GNSS earth surface monitoring device; 5-an environmental monitoring device; 41-upright posts; 42-solar panel; a 43-GNSS receiver; 21-deep monitoring uprights 22-deep monitoring solar panels 22; 23-a deep data transmission terminal; 24-inclinometer pipes; 25-fixed inclinometer; 51-an environmental monitoring upright; 52-environmental monitoring solar panel; 53-an environmental data transmission terminal; 54-rain gauge; 55-an air temperature and humidity sensor; 56-soil humidity sensor.
Detailed Description
The utility model will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, on the potential sliding surface 1, the arrangement of each monitoring device in the monitoring and early warning system is as follows:
1) The reference points of the GNSS reference instrument 3 are arranged on the compact soil without external disturbance, and the arrangement in a possible deformation influence area of the slope soil is avoided, so that the stability and reliability of the reference points are ensured. The GNSS earth surface monitoring device 4 of the monitoring points should ensure the visibility with the datum point as much as possible, so as to improve the monitoring precision, the GNSS earth surface monitoring device should be arranged to be formed in the monitored slope section and landslide area in a radial mode, at least 3 monitoring lines should be arranged at the middle part and the edges of the two sides of the slope, the distance between the monitoring lines is determined according to the actual condition of the site, the whole slope should be covered relatively uniformly, the interval between the monitoring points is preferably 50m-100m, and the distance between the monitoring points should not be less than 3 monitoring points on each monitoring line.
2) The deep displacement monitoring device 2 should be arranged on a dangerous sliding surface, three deep displacement monitoring devices are required to be arranged on the sliding surface at least, monitoring lines are required to be arranged along the potential sliding direction or the occurring sliding direction of the side slope, the interval between each monitoring point is preferably 10 m-30 m, the maximum horizontal interval is not more than 100m, and the maximum vertical interval is not more than 50m, so that a complete monitoring section is formed. The installation depth of the deep displacement monitoring device needs to be deeper than 4m of the dangerous sliding surface so as to ensure the data accuracy of the monitoring instrument.
3) The environmental monitoring device 5 is arranged in an open area to prevent trees or other buildings from shielding the same, thereby affecting the metering of the rain gauge and the accuracy of the air temperature and humidity sensor.
As shown in fig. 2, the system for monitoring and early warning of a highway slope of the present utility model comprises: the system comprises a GNSS earth surface monitoring device, a deep displacement monitoring device and an environment monitoring device, wherein the GNSS earth surface monitoring device is connected with a monitoring and early warning cloud platform through a data transmission device, the GNSS earth surface monitoring device monitors earth surface displacement variables of a side slope in real time, the deep displacement monitoring device collects displacement values of deep soil layers inside the side slope, the environment monitoring device collects rainfall and soil humidity and air temperature and humidity change data, the monitoring and early warning system gathers all data to the monitoring and early warning cloud platform through the data transmission device, and the monitoring and early warning cloud platform receives all data, stores and displays the data and performs early warning by comparing all data with a preset threshold value.
And the data transmission device sends the monitoring data to the monitoring and early warning cloud platform through a 4G or 5G network through the SIM card.
The monitoring and early warning system further comprises a solar power supply system, wherein the solar power supply system is used for supplying power to the GNSS ground surface monitoring device, the deep displacement monitoring device, the environment monitoring device and the data transmission device.
By the aid of the mounted monitoring devices, various values such as slope surface displacement variable quantity, deep displacement variable quantity, soil water content variable quantity, rainfall and air temperature and humidity are obtained and collected to a monitoring and early warning cloud platform through a 4G or 5G network. The cloud monitoring and early warning platform timely receives and stores data transmitted by each monitoring device and allows users to view the data at any time through webpages. In addition, the cloud platform also changes the information acquisition frequency of the whole monitoring system according to the information acquired by the environment monitoring device, and when the rain gauge monitors that the region where the side slope is located is rained, the cloud platform can improve the data acquisition frequency of each monitoring device so as to judge the stability of the side slope more timely. When the monitoring value of the rain gauge stops changing, the cloud platform can restore the acquisition frequency of each detection device to be normal, and the influence of dense data on subsequent processing is avoided.
As shown in fig. 3, the early warning of the cloud platform adopts hierarchical early warning threshold control, and different early warning thresholds are respectively set up according to various data of the slope obtained by the monitoring equipment. The early warning threshold value of the GNSS earth surface monitoring data is the tangential angle of a time displacement curve, the time displacement curve is drawn by taking the displacement data of each monitoring point position as a vertical axis and the data acquisition time as a horizontal axis, and the tangential angle of the curve is the early warning threshold value of the GNSS earth surface monitoring data; the early warning threshold value of the deep displacement monitoring is the deep displacement variation, namely the displacement rate of a certain monitoring point at a certain moment; the early warning threshold value of the rain gauge is the accumulated rainfall, namely the total rainfall from the beginning to the end of the rainfall. The earth surface displacement and the deep displacement are used as main criteria for slope instability early warning, and the rainfall and the soil water content are used as auxiliary criteria for slope instability early warning.
As shown in fig. 4, the GNSS ground surface monitoring device 4 is composed of a vertical rod 41, a solar panel 42, and a GNSS receiver 43, where the GNSS receiver is configured to receive the Beidou original observation data, calculate the location coordinates, obtain the actual displacement variable of the slope, and upload the collected data to the monitoring and early warning cloud platform.
As shown in fig. 5, the deep displacement monitoring device 2 is composed of a deep monitoring upright 21, a deep monitoring solar panel 22, a deep data transmission terminal 23, an inclinometer 24, and a fixed inclinometer 25.
The fixed inclinometer is placed in the inclinometer pipe, the displacement value of the deep soil layer inside is calculated through the inclination angle change of the inclinometer pipe, and the displacement change is uploaded to the monitoring and early warning cloud platform through the data transmission terminal 23.
As shown in fig. 6, the environment monitoring device 5 is composed of an environment monitoring upright rod 51, an environment monitoring solar panel 52, an environment data transmission terminal 53, a rain gauge 54, an air temperature and humidity sensor 55 and a soil humidity sensor 56, wherein the soil humidity sensor measures soil humidity, the air temperature and humidity sensor monitors air temperature and humidity changes, the rain gauge monitors environment rainfall, and the collected data is uploaded to a monitoring and early warning cloud platform through the environment data transmission terminal.
As described above, the embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail, but it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and effect of the present utility model.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a highway side slope monitoring early warning system which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a GNSS earth surface monitoring device, a deep displacement monitoring device and an environment monitoring device, wherein the GNSS earth surface monitoring device, the deep displacement monitoring device and the environment monitoring device are connected with a monitoring and early warning cloud platform through a data transmission device, the GNSS earth surface monitoring device monitors earth surface displacement variables of a side slope in real time, the deep displacement monitoring device collects displacement values of deep soil layers in the side slope, the environment monitoring device collects rainfall and soil humidity and air temperature and humidity change data, the monitoring and early warning system gathers all data to the monitoring and early warning cloud platform through the data transmission device, and the monitoring and early warning cloud platform receives all data, stores and displays the data and compares all data with a preset threshold value for early warning; the system also comprises a solar power supply system, wherein the solar power supply system supplies power for the GNSS ground surface monitoring device, the deep displacement monitoring device, the environment monitoring device and the data transmission device.
2. The highway slope monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the GNSS ground surface monitoring device comprises a vertical rod, a solar panel and a GNSS receiver, the GNSS receiver receives Beidou original observation data, calculates position coordinates, obtains a slope actual displacement variable, and uploads the data to a monitoring and early warning cloud platform.
3. The highway slope monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the deep position monitoring device comprises a deep monitoring upright rod, a deep monitoring solar panel, a deep data transmission terminal, an inclinometer and a fixed inclinometer, wherein the fixed inclinometer is arranged in the inclinometer, calculates a displacement value of an inner deep soil layer through the inclination change of the inclinometer, and uploads the displacement change to a monitoring and early warning cloud platform through the deep data transmission terminal.
4. The highway slope monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the environment monitoring device is composed of an environment monitoring vertical rod, an environment monitoring solar panel, an environment data transmission terminal, a rain gauge, an air temperature and humidity sensor and a soil humidity sensor, wherein the soil humidity sensor measures soil humidity, the air temperature and humidity sensor monitors air temperature and humidity changes, the rain gauge monitors environment rainfall, and collected data is uploaded to a monitoring and early warning cloud platform through the environment data transmission terminal.
5. The highway slope monitoring and early warning system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: and the data transmission device sends the monitoring data to the monitoring and early warning cloud platform through a 4G or 5G network through the SIM card.
6. The highway slope monitoring and early warning system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: and the monitoring and early warning cloud platform stores and displays the monitoring data and monitors and early warns the expressway slope according to an early warning threshold set by a user.
7. The highway slope monitoring and early warning system according to claim 4, wherein: when the rainfall gauge monitors that rainfall occurs in the area where the side slope is located, the monitoring and early warning cloud platform increases the monitoring data acquisition frequency; and when the monitoring value of the rain gauge stops changing, the monitoring and early warning cloud platform restores the monitoring data acquisition frequency to be normal.
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| CN202320340929.3U CN219626119U (en) | 2023-02-28 | 2023-02-28 | Highway side slope monitoring and early warning system |
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| CN202320340929.3U CN219626119U (en) | 2023-02-28 | 2023-02-28 | Highway side slope monitoring and early warning system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117233811A (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2023-12-15 | 深圳市城市交通规划设计研究中心股份有限公司 | Beidou GNSS monitoring station resolving frequency modification method based on rain gauge |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117233811A (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2023-12-15 | 深圳市城市交通规划设计研究中心股份有限公司 | Beidou GNSS monitoring station resolving frequency modification method based on rain gauge |
| CN117233811B (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-02-27 | 深圳市城市交通规划设计研究中心股份有限公司 | Beidou GNSS monitoring station resolving frequency modification method based on rain gauge |
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