CN113155618B - Device for measuring extrusion stress - Google Patents

Device for measuring extrusion stress Download PDF

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CN113155618B
CN113155618B CN202110467487.4A CN202110467487A CN113155618B CN 113155618 B CN113155618 B CN 113155618B CN 202110467487 A CN202110467487 A CN 202110467487A CN 113155618 B CN113155618 B CN 113155618B
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telescopic rod
rod
platform
force application
extrusion stress
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CN113155618A (en
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张瑨
王伟
石崇
曹亚军
朱淳
付世荣
朱其志
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Hohai University HHU
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Hohai University HHU
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/0003Steady
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019Compressive
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0069Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G01N2203/0075Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0617Electrical or magnetic indicating, recording or sensing means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0676Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0682Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for measuring extrusion stress, which comprises: the device comprises a rack, a first support and a second support, wherein the rack comprises a first platform, a second platform and a plurality of support rods; the first platform is positioned below the second platform; the plurality of support rods are vertically arranged around the first platform and the second platform; the clamp is fixedly arranged in the middle of the first platform; the first force application mechanism is vertically arranged in the middle of the second platform; the second force application mechanism comprises a first telescopic rod and a second force application rod, and the position of the first telescopic rod corresponds to the position of the clamp; and the third force application mechanism comprises a second telescopic rod and a third force application rod. The invention can realize the triaxial mechanical test of objects with irregular shapes and oversize or undersize, and has the advantages of stable test process, simple structure, strong practicability and low cost.

Description

一种测量挤压应力装置A device for measuring extrusion stress

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及力学测试仪器技术领域,更具体地说是涉及一种测量挤压应力装置。The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical testing instruments, and more particularly to a device for measuring extrusion stress.

背景技术Background technique

对物体进行力学测试,常规的测试方法有弯曲、屈服、压扁等等,主要研究物体抵抗局部变形,特别是抵抗塑性变形,是衡量物体材料软硬程度的指标,可以通过力学测试研究出材料抵抗表面局部破裂的能力、物体弹性变形功的大小,由此可见对物体的力学测试至关重要。Mechanical testing of objects. Conventional testing methods include bending, yielding, flattening, etc. It mainly studies the resistance of objects to local deformation, especially resistance to plastic deformation. The ability to resist the local rupture of the surface and the magnitude of the elastic deformation work of the object are therefore very important to the mechanical test of the object.

但现有技术中的力学测试仪器难以对形状不规则、尺寸过大或过小的物体进行三轴力学测试,且在测试过程中存在不可避免的震动载荷,严重影响测试精度。However, the mechanical testing instruments in the prior art are difficult to perform triaxial mechanical testing on objects with irregular shapes, too large or too small sizes, and there are inevitable vibration loads in the testing process, which seriously affects the testing accuracy.

因此,如何提供一种可以对形状不规则、尺寸过大或过小的物体进行三轴力学测试,且测试过程稳定、结构简单、实用性强、成本低的测量挤压应力装置,是本领域亟需解决的技术问题之一。Therefore, how to provide a device for measuring extrusion stress with a stable test process, simple structure, strong practicability and low cost that can perform triaxial mechanical testing on objects with irregular shapes, oversized or undersized objects is in the art One of the urgent technical problems to be solved.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

有鉴于此,本发明提供了一种测量挤压应力装置。目的就是为了解决上述之不足而提供。In view of this, the present invention provides a device for measuring extrusion stress. The purpose is to provide to solve the above shortcomings.

为解决上述技术问题,本发明采取了如下技术方案:In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention has adopted the following technical solutions:

一种测量挤压应力装置,包括:机架,所述机架包括第一平台、第二平台以及多根支撑杆;所述第一平台位于所述第二平台的下方;多根所述支撑杆竖直设置于所述第一平台和所述第二平台的四周;夹具,所述夹具固定设置于所述第一平台的中部;第一施力机构,所述第一施力机构竖直设置于所述第二平台的中部;且所述第一施力机构的一端穿过所述第二平台的中部;第二施力机构,所述第二施力机构包括第一伸缩杆和第二施力杆;所述第一伸缩杆滑动连接于所述测量挤压应力装置前侧/后侧的两所述支撑杆之间,且所述第一伸缩杆的位置与所述夹具的位置相对应;所述第二施力杆可拆卸连接于所述第一伸缩杆的中部,且与所述测量挤压应力装置的Z轴平行设置;所述第二施力杆的一端穿过所述第一伸缩杆,且位于所述夹具的上方;第三施力机构,所述第三施力机构包括第二伸缩杆和第三施力杆;所述第二伸缩杆滑动连接于所述测量挤压应力装置左侧/右侧的两所述支撑杆之间,且所述第二伸缩杆的位置与所述夹具的位置相对应;所述第三施力杆可拆卸连接于所述第二伸缩杆的中部,且与所述测量挤压应力装置的X轴平行设置;所述第三施力杆的一端穿过所述第二伸缩杆,且位于所述夹具的上方。A device for measuring extrusion stress, comprising: a frame, the frame includes a first platform, a second platform and a plurality of support rods; the first platform is located below the second platform; a plurality of the supports A rod is vertically arranged around the first platform and the second platform; a clamp, the clamp is fixedly arranged in the middle of the first platform; a first force application mechanism, the first force application mechanism is vertical It is arranged in the middle of the second platform; and one end of the first force application mechanism passes through the middle of the second platform; the second force application mechanism includes a first telescopic rod and a second force application mechanism. Two force-applying rods; the first telescopic rod is slidably connected between the two support rods on the front side/rear side of the extrusion stress measuring device, and the position of the first telescopic rod is the same as the position of the clamp Correspondingly; the second forcing rod is detachably connected to the middle of the first telescopic rod, and is arranged in parallel with the Z-axis of the device for measuring extrusion stress; one end of the second forcing rod passes through the the first telescopic rod is located above the clamp; a third force application mechanism, the third force application mechanism includes a second telescopic rod and a third force application rod; the second telescopic rod is slidably connected to the between the two support rods on the left/right side of the device for measuring extrusion stress, and the position of the second telescopic rod corresponds to the position of the clamp; the third force application rod is detachably connected to the The middle part of the second telescopic rod is arranged in parallel with the X-axis of the device for measuring extrusion stress; one end of the third force applying rod passes through the second telescopic rod and is located above the clamp.

优选地,测试的试件为金属块;相应的,测试用的传感器为电阻应变片,且所述电阻应变片与电脑电连接;所述电阻应变片设置在所述金属块的表面,且不与所述第一施力杆、所述第二施力杆和所述第三施力杆接触。Preferably, the test piece to be tested is a metal block; correspondingly, the sensor used for the test is a resistance strain gauge, and the resistance strain gauge is electrically connected to the computer; the resistance strain gauge is arranged on the surface of the metal block, and is not in contact with the first force application rod, the second force application rod and the third force application rod.

优选地,所述第二平台的中部设有通孔。Preferably, a through hole is provided in the middle of the second platform.

优选地,所述第一施力机构包括限制板和第一施力杆;所述限制板固定安装于所述第二平台的上表面,且设置于所述通孔上;所述第一施力杆可拆卸连接于所述限制板的中部,且与所述测量挤压应力装置的Y轴平行设置;所述第一施力杆的一端穿过所述限制板,且位于所述夹具的上方。Preferably, the first force applying mechanism includes a restricting plate and a first applying rod; the restricting plate is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the second platform and is disposed on the through hole; the first applying force The force rod is detachably connected to the middle of the restriction plate and is arranged in parallel with the Y-axis of the device for measuring extrusion stress; one end of the first force application rod passes through the restriction plate and is located at the end of the clamp above.

此技术方案的有益效果是:有利于观测出沿Z轴施力时物体的形状变化。The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that it is beneficial to observe the shape change of the object when the force is applied along the Z axis.

优选地,所述夹具包括4个推板、4组传动齿条以及气动装置;4组所述传动齿条均布在所述气动装置的四周;每个所述推板与每组所述传动齿条相啮合,且每个所述推板均与所述气动装置通过管路连接。Preferably, the fixture includes 4 push plates, 4 groups of transmission racks and a pneumatic device; the 4 groups of the transmission racks are evenly distributed around the pneumatic device; each of the push plates and each group of the transmission The racks are engaged with each other, and each of the push plates is connected with the pneumatic device through a pipeline.

优选地,所述第一施力杆、所述第二施力杆以及所述第三施力杆均为丝杠。Preferably, the first force application rod, the second force application rod and the third force application rod are all lead screws.

优选地,所述第一伸缩杆和所述第二伸缩杆内部均设有弹簧。Preferably, both the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod are provided with springs.

此技术方案的有益效果是:可通过压缩所述第一伸缩杆和所述第二伸缩杆内部的弹簧,可实现所述第一伸缩杆和所述第二伸缩杆在所述机架上的安装、拆卸。The beneficial effect of this technical solution is: by compressing the springs inside the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod, the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod can be connected to the frame. Installation and removal.

优选地,所述第一伸缩杆两端的所述支撑杆的内侧以及所述第二伸缩杆两端的所述支撑杆的内侧均设置有凹槽,所述第一伸缩杆和所述第二伸缩杆的两端均通过所述凹槽与所述支撑杆滑动连接。Preferably, grooves are provided on the inner side of the support rod at both ends of the first telescopic rod and the inner side of the support rod at both ends of the second telescopic rod, and the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod are provided with grooves. Both ends of the rod are slidably connected to the support rod through the groove.

优选地,所述支撑杆上另一侧设置有滑动槽;相应的,所述第一伸缩杆的两端和所述第二伸缩杆的两端均设置有螺纹孔;且所述第一伸缩杆的两端和所述第二伸缩杆的两端均通过一锁紧件穿过所述滑动槽和所述螺纹孔与所述支撑杆紧固连接。Preferably, a sliding slot is provided on the other side of the support rod; correspondingly, both ends of the first telescopic rod and both ends of the second telescopic rod are provided with threaded holes; and the first telescopic rod Both ends of the rod and both ends of the second telescopic rod are fastened to the support rod through a locking piece through the sliding groove and the threaded hole.

此技术方案的有益效果是:根据所要测量的试件尺寸,通过旋转所述第一伸缩杆两端的锁紧件和所述第二伸缩杆两端的锁紧件,可调节所述第一伸缩杆和所述第二伸缩杆的高度。The beneficial effect of this technical solution is: according to the size of the test piece to be measured, the first telescopic rod can be adjusted by rotating the locking pieces at both ends of the first telescopic rod and the locking pieces at both ends of the second telescopic rod. and the height of the second telescopic rod.

优选地,所述锁紧件为螺栓。Preferably, the locking member is a bolt.

优选地,所述夹具为80方型气动卡盘。Preferably, the clamp is an 80 square pneumatic chuck.

本发明相对于现有技术取得了以下技术效果:The present invention has achieved the following technical effects with respect to the prior art:

本发明将所述试件固定在所述夹具上,对所述试件的X、Z、Y三轴施力,通过所述电阻应变片监测所述试件内部电阻的变化,从而检测出所述试件的变形量;并配合所述第二伸缩杆、所述第二伸缩杆在所述支撑杆上任意调节高度,可实现对任意尺寸的试件进行X、Z、Y三轴精准挤压测量。In the present invention, the test piece is fixed on the fixture, the X, Z and Y axes of the test piece are applied with force, and the change of the internal resistance of the test piece is monitored by the resistance strain gauge, so as to detect the change of the internal resistance of the test piece. The deformation amount of the test piece; and the height of the second telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod can be adjusted arbitrarily on the support rod, so that the X, Z, Y three-axis precise extrusion of the test piece of any size can be realized. pressure measurement.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明一种测量挤压应力装置的结构示意图;1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for measuring extrusion stress of the present invention;

图2为本发明一种测量挤压应力装置的背部结构示意图;2 is a schematic diagram of the back structure of a device for measuring extrusion stress of the present invention;

图3为本发明一种测量挤压应力装置的内部结构示意图;3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a device for measuring extrusion stress of the present invention;

图4为本发明一种测量挤压应力装置的夹具结构示意图;4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixture of a device for measuring extrusion stress according to the present invention;

图5为本发明一种测量挤压应力装置的俯视图。FIG. 5 is a top view of a device for measuring extrusion stress according to the present invention.

图中:1、机架;11、第一平台;12、第二平台;121、通孔;13、支撑杆;131、凹槽;132、滑动槽;2、夹具;21、推板;22、齿条;23、气动装置;3、第一施力机构;31、限制板;32、第一施力杆;4、第二施力机构;41、第一伸缩杆;42、第二施力杆;5、第三施力机构;51、第二伸缩杆;52、第三施力杆。In the figure: 1. frame; 11. first platform; 12. second platform; 121, through hole; 13, support rod; 131, groove; 132, sliding groove; 2, clamp; 21, push plate; 22 , rack; 23, pneumatic device; 3, the first force application mechanism; 31, limit plate; 32, the first force application rod; 4, the second force application mechanism; 41, the first telescopic rod; 42, the second force application force rod; 5. the third force application mechanism; 51, the second telescopic rod; 52, the third force application rod.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

实施例1Example 1

参照图1-4所示一种测量挤压应力装置,包括:机架1、夹具2、第一施力机构3、第二施力机构4以及第三施力机构5;其中机架1包括第一平台11、第二平台12以及4根支撑杆13;第二平台12的中部设有通孔121;第一平台11位于第二平台12的下方,4根支撑杆13竖直设置于第一平台11和第二平台12的四周;夹具2固定设置于第一平台11的中部,夹具2包括4个推板21、4组传动齿条22以及气动装置23,4组传动齿条22均布在气动装置23的四周,每个推板21与每组传动齿条22相啮合,且每个推板21均与气动装置23通过管路连接;第一施力机构3包括限制板31和第一施力杆32,限制板31固定安装于第二平台12的上表面,且设置于通孔121上;第一施力杆32与测量挤压应力装置的Y轴平行设置,且第一施力杆32设有外螺纹,相应的,限制板31中部设有与第一施力杆32外螺纹相适配的螺纹孔,限制板31与第一施力杆32螺纹连接;第二施力机构4包括第一伸缩杆41和第二施力杆42,第一伸缩杆41内部均设有弹簧;第一伸缩杆41滑动连接于测量挤压应力装置前侧/后侧的两支撑杆13之间,且第一伸缩杆41的位置与夹具2的位置相对应;第二施力杆42与测量挤压应力装置的Z轴平行设置,且第二施力杆42上设有外螺纹,相应的,第一伸缩杆41的中部设有与第二施力杆42外螺纹相适配的螺纹孔,第一伸缩杆41与第二施力杆42螺纹连接;第三施力机构5包括第二伸缩杆51和第三施力杆52,第二伸缩杆51的内部设有弹簧,第二伸缩杆51滑动连接于测量挤压应力装置左侧/右侧的两支撑杆13之间,且第二伸缩杆51的位置与夹具2的位置相对应;第三施力杆52与测量挤压应力装置的X轴平行设置,且第三施力杆52上设有外螺纹,相应的,第二伸缩杆51的中部设有与第三施力杆52外螺纹相适配的螺纹孔,第二伸缩杆51与第三施力杆52螺纹连接。Referring to a device for measuring extrusion stress shown in FIGS. 1-4 , it includes: a frame 1, a fixture 2, a first force application mechanism 3, a second force application mechanism 4 and a third force application mechanism 5; wherein the frame 1 includes The first platform 11, the second platform 12 and the four support rods 13; the middle of the second platform 12 is provided with a through hole 121; the first platform 11 is located below the second platform 12, and the four support rods 13 are vertically arranged on the Around the first platform 11 and the second platform 12; the fixture 2 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the first platform 11, and the fixture 2 includes 4 push plates 21, 4 groups of transmission racks 22 and pneumatic devices 23, and the 4 groups of transmission racks 22 are all Arranged around the pneumatic device 23, each push plate 21 is engaged with each group of transmission racks 22, and each push plate 21 is connected with the pneumatic device 23 through pipelines; the first force applying mechanism 3 includes a restricting plate 31 and The first force-applying rod 32 and the limiting plate 31 are fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the second platform 12, and are disposed on the through hole 121; The force applying rod 32 is provided with an external thread. Correspondingly, the middle part of the restricting plate 31 is provided with a threaded hole that is adapted to the external thread of the first applying force lever 32, and the restricting plate 31 is threadedly connected with the first applying force lever 32; The force mechanism 4 includes a first telescopic rod 41 and a second force application rod 42. The first telescopic rod 41 is internally provided with a spring; the first telescopic rod 41 is slidably connected to the two support rods on the front/rear side of the extrusion stress measuring device 13, and the position of the first telescopic rod 41 corresponds to the position of the fixture 2; the second forcing rod 42 is arranged parallel to the Z-axis of the device for measuring extrusion stress, and the second forcing rod 42 is provided with an external thread , Correspondingly, the middle of the first telescopic rod 41 is provided with a threaded hole adapted to the external thread of the second forcing rod 42, and the first telescopic rod 41 is threadedly connected with the second forcing rod 42; the third forcing mechanism 5 Including a second telescopic rod 51 and a third force application rod 52, the second telescopic rod 51 is provided with a spring inside, and the second telescopic rod 51 is slidably connected between the two support rods 13 on the left/right side of the extrusion stress measuring device , and the position of the second telescopic rod 51 corresponds to the position of the fixture 2; the third force application rod 52 is arranged in parallel with the X-axis of the device for measuring the extrusion stress, and the third force application rod 52 is provided with an external thread, the corresponding , the middle of the second telescopic rod 51 is provided with a threaded hole adapted to the external thread of the third forcing rod 52 , and the second telescopic rod 51 is threadedly connected with the third forcing rod 52 .

本实施例中,第一伸缩杆41两端的支撑杆13的内侧以及第二伸缩杆51两端的支撑杆13的内侧均设置有凹槽131,第一伸缩杆41和第二伸缩杆51的两端均通过凹槽131与支撑杆13滑动连接;支撑杆13上另一侧设置有滑动槽132;相应的,第一伸缩杆41的两端和第二伸缩杆51的两端均设置有螺纹孔;且第一伸缩杆41的两端和第二伸缩杆51的两端均通过一螺栓穿过滑动槽132和螺纹孔与支撑杆13紧固连接。In this embodiment, grooves 131 are provided on the inner sides of the support rods 13 at both ends of the first telescopic rod 41 and the inner sides of the support rods 13 at both ends of the second telescopic rod 51 . Both ends are slidably connected to the support rod 13 through the groove 131; the other side of the support rod 13 is provided with a sliding groove 132; correspondingly, both ends of the first telescopic rod 41 and both ends of the second telescopic rod 51 are provided with threads and both ends of the first telescopic rod 41 and both ends of the second telescopic rod 51 are fastened to the support rod 13 through a bolt passing through the sliding groove 132 and the threaded hole.

本实施例中,第一施力杆32、第二施力杆42以及第三施力杆52均为丝杠。In this embodiment, the first force application rod 32 , the second force application rod 42 and the third force application rod 52 are all lead screws.

本实施例中,夹具2为80方型气动卡盘。In this embodiment, the clamp 2 is an 80-square pneumatic chuck.

本实施例中,测试的试件为金属块;相应的,测试用的传感器为电阻应变片,且电阻应变片与电脑电连接;电阻应变片设置在金属块的表面,且不与第一施力杆32、第二施力杆42和第三施力杆52接触。In this embodiment, the test piece is a metal block; correspondingly, the test sensor is a resistance strain gauge, and the resistance strain gauge is electrically connected to the computer; the resistance strain gauge is arranged on the surface of the metal block, and is not connected to the first The force rod 32 , the second force application rod 42 and the third force application rod 52 are in contact.

在另一些实施例中,支撑杆13的数量可以据实际情况进行调节。In other embodiments, the number of support rods 13 can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

在另一些实施例中,夹具2的型号可以据实际情况进行选择。In other embodiments, the model of the fixture 2 can be selected according to the actual situation.

在另一些实施例中,第一伸缩杆41以及与之相对应的支撑杆13的连接方式可以据实际情况进行调节。In other embodiments, the connection manner of the first telescopic rod 41 and the corresponding support rod 13 can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

在另一些实施例中,第二伸缩杆51以及与之相对应的支撑杆13的连接方式可以据实际情况进行调节。In other embodiments, the connection manner of the second telescopic rod 51 and the corresponding support rod 13 can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

工作原理:working principle:

现将试件加紧在夹具2上,根据试件的尺寸,调节第一伸缩杆41两端的螺栓和第二伸缩杆51两端的螺栓,可以调节第一伸缩杆41和第二伸缩杆51的高度;再将电阻应变片设置在试件上,且电阻应变片不与测量挤压应力装置接触;最后对试件的X、Y、Z三轴分别施力,通过电阻应变片监测试件内部电阻的变化,从而检测出试件的形变量。Now fasten the test piece on the fixture 2. According to the size of the test piece, adjust the bolts at both ends of the first telescopic rod 41 and the bolts at both ends of the second telescopic rod 51 to adjust the height of the first telescopic rod 41 and the second telescopic rod 51. ; Then set the resistance strain gauge on the test piece, and the resistance strain gauge is not in contact with the device for measuring the extrusion stress; finally, apply force to the X, Y, and Z axes of the test piece respectively, and monitor the internal resistance of the test piece through the resistance strain gauge. , so as to detect the deformation of the specimen.

以上所述,仅是本发明较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明的技术范围作任何限制,故凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何细微修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention. within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1.一种测量挤压应力装置,其特征在于,包括:1. A device for measuring extrusion stress, characterized in that, comprising: 机架(1),所述机架(1)包括第一平台(11)、第二平台(12)以及多根支撑杆(13);所述第一平台(11)位于所述第二平台(12)的下方;多根所述支撑杆(13)竖直设置于所述第一平台(11)和所述第二平台(12)的四周;A frame (1), the frame (1) includes a first platform (11), a second platform (12) and a plurality of support rods (13); the first platform (11) is located on the second platform Below (12); a plurality of the support rods (13) are vertically arranged around the first platform (11) and the second platform (12); 夹具(2),所述夹具(2)固定设置于所述第一平台(11)的中部;a clamp (2), the clamp (2) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the first platform (11); 第一施力机构(3),所述第一施力机构(3)竖直设置于所述第二平台(12)的中部;且所述第一施力机构(3)的一端穿过所述第二平台(12)的中部;A first force applying mechanism (3), the first force applying mechanism (3) is vertically arranged in the middle of the second platform (12); and one end of the first force applying mechanism (3) passes through the the middle of the second platform (12); 第二施力机构(4),所述第二施力机构(4)包括第一伸缩杆(41)和第二施力杆(42);所述第一伸缩杆(41)滑动连接于所述测量挤压应力装置前侧或后侧的两所述支撑杆(13)之间,且所述第一伸缩杆(41)的位置与所述夹具(2)的位置相对应;所述第二施力杆(42)可拆卸连接于所述第一伸缩杆(41)的中部,且与所述测量挤压应力装置的Z轴平行设置;所述第二施力杆(42)的一端穿过所述第一伸缩杆(41),且位于所述夹具(2)的上方;A second force application mechanism (4), the second force application mechanism (4) includes a first telescopic rod (41) and a second force application rod (42); the first telescopic rod (41) is slidably connected to the between the two support rods (13) on the front side or the back side of the device for measuring extrusion stress, and the position of the first telescopic rod (41) corresponds to the position of the clamp (2); Two force-applying rods (42) are detachably connected to the middle of the first telescopic rod (41), and are arranged parallel to the Z-axis of the device for measuring extrusion stress; one end of the second force-applying rod (42) passing through the first telescopic rod (41) and above the clamp (2); 第三施力机构(5),所述第三施力机构(5)包括第二伸缩杆(51)和第三施力杆(52);所述第二伸缩杆(51)滑动连接于所述测量挤压应力装置左侧或右侧的两所述支撑杆(13)之间,且所述第二伸缩杆(51)的位置与所述夹具(2)的位置相对应;所述第三施力杆(52)可拆卸连接于所述第二伸缩杆(51)的中部,且与所述测量挤压应力装置的X轴平行设置;所述第三施力杆(52)的一端穿过所述第二伸缩杆(51),且位于所述夹具(2)的上方。A third force application mechanism (5), the third force application mechanism (5) includes a second telescopic rod (51) and a third force application rod (52); the second telescopic rod (51) is slidably connected to the between the two support rods (13) on the left or right side of the device for measuring extrusion stress, and the position of the second telescopic rod (51) corresponds to the position of the clamp (2); the first The third force application rod (52) is detachably connected to the middle of the second telescopic rod (51), and is arranged in parallel with the X-axis of the extrusion stress measuring device; one end of the third force application rod (52) Passing through the second telescopic rod (51), and located above the clamp (2). 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种测量挤压应力装置,其特征在于,所述第二平台(12)的中部设有通孔(121)。2 . The device for measuring extrusion stress according to claim 1 , wherein a through hole ( 121 ) is provided in the middle of the second platform ( 12 ). 3 . 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种测量挤压应力装置,其特征在于,所述第一施力机构(3)包括限制板(31)和第一施力杆(32);所述限制板(31)固定安装于所述第二平台(12)的上表面,且设置于所述通孔(121)上;所述第一施力杆(32)可拆卸连接于所述限制板(31)的中部,且与所述测量挤压应力装置的Y轴平行设置;所述第一施力杆(32)的一端穿过所述限制板(31),且位于所述夹具(2)的上方。3 . The device for measuring extrusion stress according to claim 2 , wherein the first force applying mechanism ( 3 ) comprises a restricting plate ( 31 ) and a first force applying rod ( 32 ); the restricting The plate (31) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the second platform (12), and is arranged on the through hole (121); the first force applying rod (32) is detachably connected to the restricting plate (121). 31), and is arranged in parallel with the Y-axis of the device for measuring extrusion stress; one end of the first force applying rod (32) passes through the limiting plate (31) and is located in the fixture (2) above. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种测量挤压应力装置,其特征在于,所述夹具包括4个推板(21)、4组传动齿条(22)以及气动装置(23);4组所述传动齿条(22)均布在所述气动装置(23)的四周;每个所述推板(21)与每组所述传动齿条(22)相啮合,且每个所述推板(21)均与所述气动装置(23)通过管路连接。4. A device for measuring extrusion stress according to claim 1, wherein the fixture comprises 4 push plates (21), 4 groups of drive racks (22) and a pneumatic device (23); 4 groups of The transmission racks (22) are evenly distributed around the pneumatic device (23); each push plate (21) is engaged with each group of the transmission racks (22), and each push plate (21) is The plates (21) are all connected with the pneumatic device (23) through pipelines. 5.根据权利要求3所述的一种测量挤压应力装置,其特征在于,所述第一施力杆(32)、所述第二施力杆(42)以及所述第三施力杆(52)均为丝杠。5. A device for measuring extrusion stress according to claim 3, characterized in that the first force application rod (32), the second force application rod (42) and the third force application rod (52) are all lead screws. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种测量挤压应力装置,其特征在于,所述第一伸缩杆(41)和所述第二伸缩杆(51)内部均设有弹簧。6 . The device for measuring extrusion stress according to claim 1 , wherein a spring is provided inside the first telescopic rod ( 41 ) and the second telescopic rod ( 51 ). 7 . 7.根据权利要求1所述的一种测量挤压应力装置,其特征在于,所述第一伸缩杆(41)两端的所述支撑杆(13)的内侧以及所述第二伸缩杆(51)两端的所述支撑杆(13)的内侧均设置有凹槽(131),所述第一伸缩杆(41)和所述第二伸缩杆(51)的两端均通过所述凹槽(131)与所述支撑杆(13)滑动连接。7. A device for measuring extrusion stress according to claim 1, wherein the inner side of the support rod (13) at both ends of the first telescopic rod (41) and the second telescopic rod (51) ) grooves (131) are provided on the inner sides of the support rods (13) at both ends, and both ends of the first telescopic rod (41) and the second telescopic rod (51) pass through the grooves ( 131) is slidably connected with the support rod (13). 8.根据权利要求7所述的一种测量挤压应力装置,其特征在于,所述支撑杆(13)上另一侧设置有滑动槽(132);相应的,所述第一伸缩杆(41)的两端和所述第二伸缩杆(51)的两端均设置有螺纹孔;且所述第一伸缩杆(41)的两端和所述第二伸缩杆(51)的两端均通过一锁紧件穿过所述滑动槽(132)和所述螺纹孔与所述支撑杆(13)紧固连接。8 . The device for measuring extrusion stress according to claim 7 , wherein a sliding groove ( 132 ) is provided on the other side of the support rod ( 13 ); correspondingly, the first telescopic rod ( 41) and both ends of the second telescopic rod (51) are provided with threaded holes; and both ends of the first telescopic rod (41) and both ends of the second telescopic rod (51) Both are fastened with the support rod (13) through the sliding groove (132) and the threaded hole through a locking piece.
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