CN113155613A - Transmission device and method for transmitting electromagnetic waves through concrete - Google Patents
Transmission device and method for transmitting electromagnetic waves through concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN113155613A CN113155613A CN202110438075.8A CN202110438075A CN113155613A CN 113155613 A CN113155613 A CN 113155613A CN 202110438075 A CN202110438075 A CN 202110438075A CN 113155613 A CN113155613 A CN 113155613A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
- G01B7/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless transmission, and particularly discloses a transmission device for transmitting electromagnetic waves through concrete, which comprises a processing module, a wireless transceiver module and a power supply module, wherein the processing module, the wireless transceiver module and the power supply module are buried in the concrete; the processing module is used for controlling the processing module and the wireless transceiver module to enter a sleep state after initialization, exiting the sleep state at preset time intervals to acquire digital signals, waking up the wireless transceiver module and sending the digital signals to the wireless transceiver module, and the wireless transceiver module is used for sending the digital signals outwards through electromagnetic waves; the processing module is also used for controlling the wireless transceiving module and the processing module to enter the dormant state again after the wireless transceiving module finishes transmitting; the power module is used for supplying power for the processing module and the wireless transceiving module. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the working time of the whole device can be prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless transmission, in particular to a transmission device and a transmission method for transmitting electromagnetic waves through concrete.
Background
Concrete stress-strain analysis is a relatively complex problem, both theoretically and practically. First, the complexity of the concrete material itself: the concrete is a multi-phase material with micro cracks and pores, is not an ideal linear elastic material, and has the mechanical parameters of elastic modulus and the like which change along with time, and phenomena of creep, relaxation, expansion with heat and contraction with cold, expansion with humidity and drying shrinkage and the like, and non-uniformity possibly caused by aggregate separation and the like; second, the complexity of specifically installing the foundation structure for laying the concrete building structure: local structures such as various longitudinal and transverse structural joints, construction joints, key grooves, wiggle ports, gates and the like exist in the whole building structure, the foundation generally has geological defects and nonuniformity such as structural surfaces and the like, and the occurrence of cracks causes loss of integrity and the like; third, the complexity of the structural load in spatial and temporal distribution: the interaction of water, concrete and foundation forms a complex non-uniform and non-constant seepage field, and the joint and consolidation grouting can cause unrecoverable construction stress, and the temperature load space and time distribution generated by internal and external constraints, foundation constraints and the like are complex.
In order to detect the stress and strain of concrete, chinese patent publication No. CN101071114A discloses a wireless acquisition method and device for stress and strain signals of smart concrete structure, the measurement method is: an electrode group is buried at a position needing to be measured in the smart concrete structure; and acquiring and processing the inter-electrode potential difference signals of the electrode group, converting the inter-electrode potential difference signals into digital signals, and sending the digital signals out through a wireless module. The device using the method comprises an electrode group, a sampling circuit, a measuring circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a processing module and a wireless module, wherein each electrode in the electrode group is separately fixed in a smart concrete structure to be measured, an interelectrode potential difference signal of the electrode group is processed by the sampling circuit, the measuring circuit and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit to be converted into a digital signal and transmitted to the processing module, and the processing module transmits the measurement information to the wireless module through a serial communication port.
By the scheme, stress and strain detection of the concrete structure can be conveniently carried out. Because whole collection system buries in the concrete, does not have the data line with the outside and connects, collection system needs self subsidiary power, but because the volume of power can not unlimited expansion, there is the upper limit in the electric quantity of power, therefore collection system's operating time is also limited.
Therefore, there is a need for an apparatus and method for transmitting electromagnetic waves through concrete that can extend the overall operation time of the apparatus.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a transmission device and a transmission method for electromagnetic waves penetrating through concrete, which can prolong the working time of the whole device.
In order to solve the technical problem, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
a transmission device for electromagnetic waves penetrating through concrete comprises a processing module, a wireless transceiver module and a power supply module, wherein the processing module, the wireless transceiver module and the power supply module are buried in the concrete; the processing module is used for controlling the processing module and the wireless transceiver module to enter a sleep state after initialization, exiting the sleep state at preset time intervals to acquire digital signals, waking up the wireless transceiver module and sending the digital signals to the wireless transceiver module, and the wireless transceiver module is used for sending the digital signals outwards through electromagnetic waves; the processing module is also used for controlling the wireless transceiving module and the processing module to enter the dormant state again after the wireless transceiving module finishes transmitting; the power module is used for supplying power for the processing module and the wireless transceiving module.
The basic scheme principle and the beneficial effects are as follows:
in this scheme, transmission device adopts wireless transmission's mode, compares in wired transmission for it is more convenient to bury underground the whole device that detects stress, meets an emergency, and the restriction is littleer. The processing module and the wireless transceiver module are in a dormant state under normal conditions, and are awakened once at preset intervals.
Further, the wireless transceiver module is also used for receiving external information, judging whether the external information is a preset awakening instruction, and if so, sending the awakening instruction to the processing module; the processing module is also used for exiting from the dormant state and immediately acquiring the digital signal after receiving the awakening instruction.
The processing module is convenient for workers to wake up manually through external equipment, and thus the workers can acquire the latest digital signals at any time.
Further, the wireless transceiver module comprises a wireless chip and a transmission antenna; the number of transmission antennas is greater than or equal to 2.
The transmission device is buried in concrete, and the electromagnetic waves hardly transmit energy, so that the transmission device is difficult to communicate with the outside, and the condition can be relieved by increasing the number of transmission antennas.
Further, the processing module is further configured to obtain the remaining power of the power module after exiting the sleep state, and if the remaining power is lower than the first threshold, the processing module is further configured to prolong a preset time for exiting the sleep state.
By prolonging the preset time for exiting the sleep state, the power consumption can be further reduced, and the working time can be prolonged.
The processing module is used for acquiring the residual electric quantity of the power supply module, storing the digital signal in the storage module if the residual electric quantity is lower than a second threshold value, and awakening the wireless transceiver module to send the stored digital signal to the wireless transceiver module when the number of times of storing the digital signal is equal to a preset storage value; wherein the second threshold is less than the first threshold.
When the electric quantity is further reduced, the frequency of sending digital signals is reduced, the electric quantity consumption can be further reduced, and the working time is prolonged.
Further, the first threshold value is 40% -60%.
Further, the second threshold is 20% -30%.
Further, the preset storage value is 3-10 times.
Further, the processing module is also used for controlling the wireless transceiver module to send the residual electric quantity to other wireless transceiver modules in the preset area.
The electromagnetic wave transmission method through concrete adopts the electromagnetic wave transmission device through concrete.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a logic block diagram of an electromagnetic wave transmission apparatus for transmitting electromagnetic waves through concrete according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
example one
As shown in fig. 1, the transmission device for transmitting electromagnetic waves through concrete of the present embodiment includes a processing module, a wireless transceiver module, a power module, a measurement module, and an analog-to-digital conversion module, which are embedded in concrete.
The measuring module is used for acquiring analog electric signals, and in the embodiment, the measuring module comprises a resistance type strain gauge which can convert the change of the internal strain of the concrete into resistance change so as to generate the electric signals. The analog-to-digital conversion module is used for converting the analog electric signal into a digital signal and sending the digital signal to the processing module. In other embodiments, the analog-to-digital conversion module may also amplify the analog electrical signal.
The processing module is used for controlling the processing module and the wireless transceiver module to enter a sleep state after initialization, exiting the sleep state at preset time intervals to acquire digital signals, waking up the wireless transceiver module and sending the digital signals to the wireless transceiver module, and the wireless transceiver module is used for sending the digital signals outwards through electromagnetic waves; the processing module is also used for controlling the wireless transceiver module and the wireless transceiver module to enter the dormant state again after the wireless transceiver module finishes transmitting. In this embodiment, the processing module adopts an STM32 series low-power processor.
The wireless transceiving module is also used for receiving external information, judging whether the external information is a preset awakening instruction or not, and if so, sending the awakening instruction to the processing module; the processing module is also used for exiting from the dormant state and immediately acquiring the digital signal after receiving the awakening instruction.
The power module is used for supplying power for the processing module and the wireless transceiving module. The processing module is further configured to obtain the remaining power of the power module after exiting the sleep state, and if the remaining power is lower than a first threshold, the processing module is further configured to prolong a preset time for exiting the sleep state. The first threshold is 40% to 60%, in this embodiment 40%.
In this embodiment, the wireless transceiver module includes a wireless chip and a transmission antenna; the number of the transmission antennas is greater than or equal to 2, and the number of the transmission antennas is 3 in this embodiment.
In order to further explain the working process of the transmission device, the embodiment also comprises a data transmission subsystem, a monitoring center and an early warning system; the transmission antenna sends the digital signals containing the stress/strain conditions to the data transmission subsystem, and the data transmission subsystem is connected with the monitoring center through the Internet of things and sends the digital signals to the monitoring center. The monitoring center is used for analyzing and displaying the data signals. If the data signal is analyzed, the danger is found, the early warning system can acquire the condition of the danger from the monitoring center, and the early warning information is pushed in a preset mode, such as short messages, mails and the like. The monitoring center can also be connected with a mobile phone end, a pc end and the like of a user, so that the remote access of the user is facilitated.
The embodiment also provides a transmission method for the electromagnetic wave to penetrate through the concrete, and the transmission device for the electromagnetic wave to penetrate through the concrete is adopted.
Example two
The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the embodiment further includes a storage module, the processing module obtains the remaining power of the power module, if the remaining power is lower than a second threshold, the processing module is further configured to store the digital signal in the storage module, and when the number of times of storing the digital signal is equal to a preset storage value, the processing module is further configured to wake up the wireless transceiver module and send the stored digital signal to the wireless transceiver module. Wherein the second threshold is less than the first threshold. The preset stored value is 3-10 times, 5 times in this example. The second threshold is 20% to 30%, 20% in this example.
The electromagnetic wave transmission method through concrete adopts the electromagnetic wave transmission device through concrete.
EXAMPLE III
The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that, in this embodiment, the processing module obtains the remaining power of the power module, and if the remaining power is lower than the third threshold, when the number of times of storing the digital signal is equal to the preset storage value, the processing module is further configured to wake up the wireless transceiver module and send the current digital signal to the wireless transceiver module. Wherein the third threshold is less than the second threshold. The third threshold is 5% -10%, in this embodiment 10%.
The processing module also overwrites the digital signal of the earliest time in the storage module with the digital signal of the current time. In other embodiments, the wireless transceiver module may further transmit all the digital signals stored in the storage module to the data transmission subsystem by way of external wake-up.
The electromagnetic wave transmission method through concrete adopts the electromagnetic wave transmission device through concrete.
Example four
The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that, in this embodiment, the processing module is configured to determine whether the external information includes current geological risk information after waking up, where the geological risk information includes high, medium, and low. The processing module is also used for acquiring the residual electric quantity of the power supply module after awakening and controlling the wireless transceiver module to transmit the residual electric quantity to other wireless stress strain sensors in a preset area; the wireless transceiver module receives the residual capacity from other wireless stress-strain sensors.
When the geological risk information is low, the processing module enters a working state after being awakened and starts timing, and when the timing reaches the preset working duration, the processing module enters a dormant state until being awakened again.
When the geological risk information is in the middle, the processing module judges whether the geological risk information is in the specified position of the preset area or not based on the pre-stored installation position information, if so, judges whether the residual electric quantity of the body is the highest or not based on the residual electric quantity of the body and the residual electric quantities of other wireless stress strain sensors at the specified position, and if so, enters a working state; when the working time reaches the preset working time length; and judging whether the residual capacity of the body is the highest or not based on the residual capacity of the body and the residual capacities of other wireless stress strain sensors at the specified positions, if so, continuing to work, and if not, entering a dormant state until being awakened again. In the implementation, the designated position is artificially set, the size of the designated position is unchanged, and the position changes circularly in the preset area. For example, 36 wireless stress-strain sensors in the preset area are arranged in a matrix of 6x6, the designated position may be the position of 2x2 wireless stress-strain sensors in the center, the designated position is switched every 24 hours, the position of 2x2 wireless stress-strain sensors in the center is switched to the position of 2x2 wireless stress-strain sensors in the corners, the position of 2x2 wireless stress-strain sensors between the two corners is switched, and the process is repeated until all the wireless stress-strain sensors in the preset area are covered.
When the geological risk information is high, the processing module judges whether the residual electric quantity of the body is the lowest or not based on the residual electric quantity of the body and the residual electric quantities of other wireless stress strain sensors, and if the residual electric quantity of the body is the lowest, the processing module enters a dormant state until the body is awakened again; when the sleep time reaches the preset time, the sleep is quitted; the processing module judges whether the residual electric quantity of the body is the lowest based on the residual electric quantity of the body and the residual electric quantity of the external sensor, if not, the processing module judges whether the body is adjacent to the wireless stress strain sensor with the lowest residual electric quantity based on the prestored mounting position information, if so, the processing module enters a working state, and when the working time reaches the preset working duration; and judging the residual electric quantity and the installation position again, and circulating the steps. For example, 9 wireless stress-strain sensors in a preset area are arranged according to a 3x3 matrix, and if the residual capacity of one wireless stress-strain sensor at the upper right corner is the lowest, three wireless stress-strain sensors which are adjacent to the wireless stress-strain sensor and in an L shape enter an operating state.
When the geological risk information of the preset area is low, the probability of address disasters is low, at the moment, according to an initial rule, namely, when the processing module in the preset area is awakened outside or quits from a sleep state at preset intervals to work, and the processing module is in the sleep state at other time, the power consumption can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the wireless stress strain sensor is prolonged.
When the geological risk information of the preset area is in the middle, certain possibility of geological disasters exists, so that the wireless stress strain sensor needs to be on duty, and the purpose of uninterrupted monitoring is achieved. In the implementation, the wireless stress strain sensors in the preset area can share the residual electric quantity with each other, the wireless stress strain sensors with the highest electric quantity at the appointed positions are used for 'duty', the appointed positions are cyclically changed, and the whole electric quantity consumption can be balanced.
When the geological risk information of the preset area is high, the probability of geological disasters is high, so that the wireless stress-strain sensors of a certain number are on duty, and the purpose of full monitoring is achieved. The wireless stress strain sensors in the preset area can share the residual electric quantity, the wireless stress strain sensor with the lowest electric quantity is dormant, and the working time of the wireless stress strain sensor with the lowest electric quantity can be effectively prolonged. Other wireless stress-strain sensors adjacent to the wireless stress-strain sensor with the lowest residual electric quantity enter a working state, so that the wireless stress-strain sensors with a certain quantity are ensured to be on duty, and the wireless stress-strain sensors on duty are distributed around the wireless stress-strain sensor with the lowest residual electric quantity, so that the detection range as large as possible is ensured.
The above are merely examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the field related to this embodiment, and the common general knowledge of the known specific structures and characteristics in the schemes is not described herein too much, and those skilled in the art can know all the common technical knowledge in the technical field before the application date or the priority date, can know all the prior art in this field, and have the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before this date, and those skilled in the art can combine their own ability to perfect and implement the scheme, and some typical known structures or known methods should not become barriers to the implementation of the present invention by those skilled in the art in light of the teaching provided in the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A transmission device for electromagnetic waves penetrating through concrete comprises a processing module, a wireless transceiver module and a power supply module, wherein the processing module, the wireless transceiver module and the power supply module are buried in the concrete; the system is characterized in that the processing module is used for controlling the processing module and the wireless transceiver module to enter a sleep state after initialization, the processing module is also used for quitting the sleep state at preset time intervals to acquire digital signals, the processing module is also used for awakening the wireless transceiver module and sending the digital signals to the wireless transceiver module, and the wireless transceiver module is used for sending the digital signals outwards through electromagnetic waves; the processing module is also used for controlling the wireless transceiving module and the processing module to enter the dormant state again after the wireless transceiving module finishes transmitting; the power module is used for supplying power for the processing module and the wireless transceiving module.
2. The apparatus for transmitting electromagnetic waves through concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the wireless transceiving module is also used for receiving external information, judging whether the external information is a preset awakening instruction or not, and if so, sending the awakening instruction to the processing module; the processing module is also used for exiting from the dormant state and immediately acquiring the digital signal after receiving the awakening instruction.
3. The apparatus for transmitting electromagnetic waves through concrete according to claim 2, wherein: the wireless transceiving module comprises a wireless chip and a transmission antenna; the number of transmission antennas is greater than or equal to 2.
4. The apparatus for transmitting electromagnetic waves through concrete according to claim 3, wherein: the processing module is further configured to obtain the remaining power of the power module after exiting the sleep state, and if the remaining power is lower than a first threshold, the processing module is further configured to prolong a preset time for exiting the sleep state.
5. The apparatus for transmitting electromagnetic waves through concrete according to claim 4, wherein: the processing module is used for awakening the wireless transceiver module and sending the stored digital signals to the wireless transceiver module when the number of times of storing the digital signals is equal to a preset storage value; wherein the second threshold is less than the first threshold.
6. The apparatus for transmitting electromagnetic waves through concrete according to claim 5, wherein: the first threshold is 40% -60%.
7. The apparatus for transmitting electromagnetic waves through concrete according to claim 6, wherein: the second threshold is 20% -30%.
8. The apparatus for transmitting electromagnetic waves through concrete according to claim 7, wherein: the preset storage value is 3-10 times.
9. The apparatus for transmitting electromagnetic waves through concrete according to claim 5, wherein: the processing module is also used for controlling the wireless transceiver module to send the residual electric quantity to other wireless transceiver modules in a preset area.
10. A method for transmitting electromagnetic waves through concrete, characterized in that the electromagnetic wave transmission through concrete apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used.
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