CN113155181A - Underground structure health intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system and method - Google Patents
Underground structure health intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering safety, in particular to an underground structure health intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system and a method, wherein the underground structure health intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system comprises a data analysis and trend prediction system, a data analysis and trend prediction system and a data analysis and trend prediction system, wherein the data analysis and trend prediction system is used for receiving signal data of corresponding sensor groups to perform analysis and trend prediction processing so as to obtain processing results; the state evaluation and alarm system is used for receiving the processing result of the corresponding data analysis and trend prediction system so as to carry out state evaluation and judge whether to send out early warning according to the state evaluation result; and the control center is used for receiving the state evaluation of each underground structure and the early warning of the warning system, and carrying out cooperative regulation and control on each underground structure according to the early warning level. Monitoring and early warning information is reported to a control center, the control center schedules all-line relevant stations to perform feedback regulation or manual maintenance, and a monitoring system provides data support for coping with processing measure decisions, so that potential safety hazards are eliminated in time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering safety, in particular to an underground structure health intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system and method.
Background
In recent years, subway construction is rapidly developed, and underground stations under construction and already built are not superior to the subway stations. At present, a construction monitoring or third-party monitoring mode is adopted mainly aiming at the construction period of the underground station, the structure safety state in the construction period is fed back, and the structure in the construction process and the safety of surrounding constructions are guaranteed. However, a mature health monitoring and early warning system is not available for the built underground station, so that the safety state of the underground structure in the operation period after the building, especially in the accidental state (such as earthquake, accidental overload and the like), cannot be reasonably and accurately fed back, and one-hand supporting data cannot be provided for the maintenance work of the underground station structure in the operation period, so that the problem of exposure of part of the operation period is difficult to fundamentally solve.
The subway station has a complex structural system, high structural safety control requirement, complex geological conditions and surrounding environment, and is difficult to predict especially the engineering activities (stacking, piling and tunnel crossing) around the station, and is easy to induce structural diseases; the train load in long-term operation easily causes the main structure of the station to bear loading and unloading circulation effects in different degrees, the fatigue damage characteristic of the structure is obvious, and the deformation and the long-term stability of the structure are extremely unfavorable; in addition, accidental actions such as earthquakes may occur, and reasonable evaluation of the safety state of the structure is also required.
At present, the structure monitoring mainly adopts a construction monitoring or third-party monitoring mode aiming at the construction period of the underground station, and the safety of the structure and surrounding building in the construction process is fed back. However, there is no mature health monitoring system for the built underground station, and it is impossible to reasonably and accurately feed back the safety state of the underground structure after the building in the operation period, especially the safety state of the underground structure induced by the fatigue damage of the train operation and unloading cycle under the action of the accidental state (such as earthquake, accidental overload, pile driving, tunnel crossing, karst, etc.), and it is impossible to provide a hand-support data for the maintenance work of the subway station structure in the operation period, so that it is difficult to fundamentally solve the problem of the exposure of part of the operation period.
In addition, the existing few-structure monitoring system also has the following defects: 1) the analysis is carried out by depending on the structure monitoring data in a unilateral way, and the comparison cannot be carried out by combining the design result of the structure numerical analysis and calculation; 2) monitoring is carried out mainly based on independent stations, monitoring data networking of all stations on the whole line is not considered, and maintenance processing is carried out on the operation condition of the stations on the whole line in a sharing and cooperation mode with a control center.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system and method for the health of an underground structure, which solve the technical problem that the monitoring and early warning of the health of the underground structure is incomplete.
The invention provides an intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system for underground structure health for solving the technical problems, which comprises: the system comprises a plurality of underground structures, a plurality of sensor groups, a data acquisition and transmission system, a data analysis and trend prediction system, a state evaluation and alarm system and a control center;
each sensor group is respectively arranged on each underground structure and used for acquiring monitoring data of the corresponding underground structure;
the data acquisition and transmission system is used for transmitting the monitoring data of each sensor group to the data analysis and trend prediction system through optical fibers;
the data analysis and trend prediction system is used for receiving the signal data of the corresponding sensor group to perform analysis and trend prediction processing so as to obtain a processing result;
the state evaluation and alarm system is used for receiving the processing result of the corresponding data analysis and trend prediction system so as to carry out state evaluation and judge whether to send out early warning according to the state evaluation result;
and the control center is used for receiving the state evaluation of each underground structure and the early warning of the warning system, and carrying out cooperative regulation and control on each underground structure according to the early warning level.
Optionally, the state evaluation and alarm system performs internal regulation and control on the corresponding underground structure according to the early warning level.
Optionally, the early warning level includes a level i early warning condition, a level ii early warning condition and a level iii early warning condition;
when the actual monitoring value is not more than 50% of the alarm index of each monitoring item, outputting a level I early warning condition, and operating normally;
when the actual monitoring value is 50% -70% of each monitoring item alarm index, outputting a II-level early warning condition;
and when the actual monitoring value is greater than 70% of the alarm index of each monitoring item, outputting a III-level early warning condition, and judging as an emergency alarm area.
Optionally, the state evaluation and alarm system is configured to feed the station maintenance staff in reverse direction for processing according to the level i early warning condition.
Optionally, the control center is configured to schedule the stations related to the whole line to perform feedback regulation or manual maintenance according to the level ii early warning condition and the level iii early warning condition, so as to provide data support for coping with the decision of the processing measure.
Optionally, the control center is configured to notify workers of the underground structure that does not need to be maintained manually to the underground structure that needs to be maintained manually according to a preset rule.
Optionally, the preset rule includes a geographical location proximity principle and a technical work and a kind proximity principle.
Optionally, the sensor group includes a fiber grating soil pressure cell for monitoring the soil pressure outside the structure, a fiber grating osmometer for monitoring the water pressure outside the structure, a fiber grating embedded strain gauge for monitoring the concrete pressure of the structure, a fiber grating accelerometer for monitoring the vibration of the structure, and a fiber grating surface tension rod type crack meter for monitoring the settlement of the structure.
The invention also provides a method of the intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system for the health of the underground structure, which comprises the following steps:
installing each sensor group on each underground structure respectively to obtain monitoring data of the corresponding underground structure;
the data analysis and trend prediction system receives the signal data of the corresponding sensor group to carry out analysis and trend prediction processing so as to obtain a processing result;
the state evaluation and alarm system is used for receiving the processing result of the corresponding data analysis and trend prediction system so as to carry out state evaluation and judge whether to send out early warning according to the state evaluation result;
and the control center is used for receiving the state evaluation of each underground structure and the early warning of the warning system, and carrying out cooperative regulation and control on each underground structure according to the early warning level.
Optionally, a wavelength division multiplexing technology is adopted, a plurality of fiber grating sensors are connected in series on one optical fiber, and by combining the foundation pit excavation, the building enclosure and the main structure construction process and procedures, the optical cable routing and equipment integration design is carried out according to the principle that the construction feasibility does not influence the bearing performance of the main structure.
Has the advantages that:
(1) and dynamically monitoring the working state of the underground structure and reasonably evaluating the health state of the underground structure.
The method comprises the steps of monitoring the whole process of the underground structure, dynamically mastering the working environment, the stress deformation state and the development and evolution trend of the underground structure in real time, revealing the evolution process of the stress deformation and the bearing performance of the structure in an operation period, mutually verifying monitored data, theoretical analysis and numerical calculation, diagnosing various abnormal conditions occurring in the operation period of the underground structure in time, comprehensively evaluating the health condition of the underground structure, and providing reliable data support for the analysis of associated data.
(2) The operation and maintenance management decision is assisted, and the service life of the underground structure is prolonged.
Data support is provided for formulating reasonable, active and preventive maintenance measures, so that the operation and maintenance cost of the underground structure in the whole life cycle is effectively reduced, and the service life of the underground structure is prolonged to the maximum extent.
(3) Underground structure design, construction and maintenance experience is accumulated.
The geological, hydrological and surrounding environment traversed by the underground structural engineering is complex, and great challenges are provided for the long-term service performance of the vehicle underground structure. By monitoring the underground structure and the external environment for a long time, engineering experience can be accumulated, and guarantee is provided for operation and maintenance safety of the underground structure.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. The detailed description of the present invention is given in detail by the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of an intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system and method for health of an underground structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring standard section and a measuring point layout of the intelligent monitoring collaborative early warning system and method for underground structure health according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plane view of a monitoring cable routing of the intelligent monitoring collaborative early warning system and method for underground structure health according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a monitoring cable for monitoring soil pressure and water pressure outside a structure according to the system and method for intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning of health of an underground structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a monitoring cable for structural concrete stress according to the intelligent monitoring collaborative early warning system and method for underground structural health;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a monitoring cable for structural vibration according to the intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system and method for underground structural health;
fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cable routing for structural settlement monitoring of the system and method for intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning of the health of the underground structure.
Description of reference numerals: the method comprises the following steps of drilling 1, monitoring sections 2, a structural wall 3, a structural beam 4, a structural column 5, a temporary collection box 6, a monitoring station 7, a main transmission optical cable 8, a tunnel 9, a fiber grating soil pressure cell 10, a fiber grating osmometer 11, a fiber grating embedded type strain meter 12, a fiber grating accelerometer 13 and a fiber grating surface pull rod type seam meter 14.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The invention is described in more detail in the following paragraphs by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is merely for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present invention provides an intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system for underground structure health, comprising: the system comprises a plurality of underground structures, a plurality of sensor groups, a data acquisition and transmission system, a data analysis and trend prediction system, a state evaluation and alarm system and a control center;
each sensor group is respectively arranged on each underground structure and used for acquiring monitoring data of the corresponding underground structure;
the data acquisition and transmission system is used for transmitting the monitoring data of each sensor group to the data analysis and trend prediction system through optical fibers;
the data analysis and trend prediction system is used for receiving the signal data of the corresponding sensor group to perform analysis and trend prediction processing so as to obtain a processing result;
the state evaluation and alarm system is used for receiving the processing result of the corresponding data analysis and trend prediction system so as to carry out state evaluation and judge whether to send out early warning according to the state evaluation result;
and the control center is used for receiving the state evaluation of each underground structure and the early warning of the warning system, and carrying out cooperative regulation and control on each underground structure according to the early warning level.
The distribution of the sensor group is combined with the stress deformation performance of the structure, and the distributed monitoring elements are arranged at the parts with large internal force, large deformation and/or representativeness.
The underground structure comprises a plurality of site structures, underground shopping malls and other underground structures. Taking a plurality of station structures as an example, the station structures 1 to n respectively correspond to the sensor groups 1 to n, respectively correspond to the data acquisition and transmission systems 1 to n, respectively correspond to the data analysis and trend prediction systems 1 to n, respectively correspond to the state evaluation and alarm systems 1 to n. Each station structure corresponds to a sensor group, a data acquisition and transmission system, a data analysis and trend prediction system and a state evaluation and alarm system, data of the sensor group is collected and transmitted to the corresponding data analysis and trend prediction system to be analyzed and subjected to trend prediction processing to obtain a processing result, then the state evaluation and alarm system carries out state evaluation according to the processing result of the corresponding data analysis and trend prediction system, and judges whether to send out early warning according to the state evaluation result. The early warning content comprises the early warning grade, specific early warning content, early warning position and the like. And according to the early warning grade, the early warning of the corresponding grade is sent to a control center, the control center carries out cooperative regulation and control on all the site structures according to the early warning grade, all the site structures are carried out with full-line related sites in a mode of reverse feedback regulation and control or manual maintenance, and a monitoring system provides data support for coping with treatment measure decision making, so that potential safety hazards are eliminated in time.
Optionally, the state evaluation and alarm system performs internal regulation and control on the corresponding underground structure according to the early warning level. The method comprises two kinds of regulation, namely, the cooperative regulation of the control center on the structures of all the stations, and the internal regulation of the corresponding underground structure by the state evaluation and alarm system according to the early warning level. The two are used together for comprehensive regulation.
Optionally, the early warning level includes a level i early warning condition, a level ii early warning condition and a level iii early warning condition; when the actual monitoring value is not more than 50% of the alarm index of each monitoring item, outputting a level I early warning condition, and operating normally; when the actual monitoring value is 50% -70% of each monitoring item alarm index, outputting a II-level early warning condition; and when the actual monitoring value is greater than 70% of the alarm index of each monitoring item, outputting a III-level early warning condition, and judging as an emergency alarm area. And according to the specific condition of early warning, evaluating the structural health state and timely early warning. Combining with the hierarchical management requirements, for the I-level early warning condition, after the site health monitoring system prompts and gives an early warning, the site health monitoring system feeds the site health monitoring system to the site maintenance personnel in a reverse mode for processing; and monitoring and early warning information of II and III-grade early warning conditions is reported to a control center, the control center schedules all-line related sites to perform feedback regulation or manual maintenance, and a monitoring system provides data support for coping with processing measure decisions, so that potential safety hazards are eliminated in time.
Optionally, the control center is configured to notify workers of the underground structure that does not need to be maintained manually to the underground structure that needs to be maintained manually according to a preset rule. Under the cooperative maintenance mode, workers of the underground structure needing no manual maintenance can be used for allocating to the underground structure needing manual maintenance, so that the cooperative work is realized, and the utilization rate of human resources and the manual maintenance efficiency are improved.
In an alternative scheme, the preset rule includes a geographical location proximity principle and a technical work and species proximity principle. After the early warning is formed, the maintainer of the safe underground structure closest to the underground structure where the early warning occurs can cooperate with the maintainer of the underground structure where the early warning occurs to maintain together, which is a principle of proximity. Early warning of different sensor types can inform maintenance personnel of similar or same sensors to carry out cooperative manual maintenance, which is a similar principle of technical work and work.
Optionally, the data analysis and trend prediction system is configured to perform processing of abnormal data identification, data smoothing processing, reliability analysis and trend prediction on signal data of the monitoring instrument; the state evaluation and alarm system is used for analyzing and formulating a control standard of structural deformation and crack loss and an index early warning standard in combination with the structural stress performance evolution process, providing a monitoring grading early warning management level and implementing a three-level alarm system.
In this embodiment, it is necessary to establish a health monitoring function to ensure safety in underground structures such as subway stations, especially in stations with poor karst geology. Data collected by each sensor group in the subway station are transmitted to a state evaluation and alarm system through optical fibers, the state evaluation and alarm system analyzes the data to obtain trend prediction, then the state of each monitoring section 2 is evaluated, if the state is abnormal, corresponding alarm is carried out, and feedback regulation and control or manual maintenance are carried out in a reverse mode.
The method is characterized in that a multi-station cooperative underground structure health monitoring system is established, the problem that the underground station dynamically monitors the working condition and the stress deformation state of the structure in real time in the long-term operation process is solved, the working condition and the stress deformation state of the structure can be compared with the design result of structural numerical analysis and calculation, the structural health condition is reasonably evaluated, early warning is timely carried out, and data support is provided for taking a targeted prevention and control strategy.
The intelligent monitoring system for the health of the underground structure carries out overall process monitoring on the underground structure, dynamically masters the working environment, the stress deformation state and the development and evolution trend of the underground structure in real time, can provide data support for coping with processing measure decisions, and is convenient for eliminating potential safety hazards in time; data support can be provided for formulating reasonable, active and preventive maintenance measures, so that the operation and maintenance cost of the underground structure in the whole life cycle is effectively reduced, and the service life of the structure is prolonged to the maximum extent; meanwhile, by monitoring the underground structure and the external environment for a long time, engineering experience can be accumulated, and guarantee is provided for the operation and maintenance safety of the structure.
The intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system for the health of the underground structure is shown in figure 1 in detail, firstly, a health monitoring system is constructed aiming at a specific site structure, a sensor group is arranged at a key position established by analysis and calculation, site monitoring project data is collected, and data is collected, transmitted, analyzed, predicted, evaluated and shared by a network of an alarm subsystem and a control center, and the data transmission can adopt a wired or wireless mode to form a full-line health monitoring system. The site structure health monitoring system can realize dynamic real-time monitoring, combines the hierarchical management requirements, and reversely feeds the site health monitoring system to the site maintenance personnel for processing after prompting early warning by the site health monitoring system for the I-level early warning condition; and monitoring and reporting the early warning information to the control center according to the II and III-level early warning conditions, and scheduling the all-line relevant sites by the control center to perform feedback regulation or manual maintenance. The health monitoring system establishment procedure of the site structure is as follows:
1. monitoring item determination
The monitoring project can directly or indirectly reflect the actual stress deformation state of the structure and serve for structure safety evaluation and early warning, such as deformation, stress strain, leakage, underground water level, temperature, fatigue and the like, the typical monitoring project comprises structure external water, soil pressure, structure concrete stress, structure vibration response, structure settlement and the like, in the station operation process, when cracks, uneven settlement and other diseases occur, the monitoring of disease characteristics is timely increased, and if the joint opening problem exists at the joint position of the tunnel 9 and the station, the monitoring of the joint opening can be increased.
2. Monitoring section 2 and measuring point layout are shown in figure 2.
The monitoring section 2 should focus on selecting the areas with obvious adverse geological effects such as weak soil layers, differential distribution, karst and the like, complex structural systems, complex surrounding environments and the like, and the section measuring point arrangement should combine the structure stress deformation performance and select the parts with larger or representative structure internal force and deformation for monitoring. The representative part is generally a vulnerable part which is easy to cause problems.
(1) Water and soil pressure outside the structure
The water and soil pressure outside the structure directly determines the internal force level of the structure, and the measuring points are mainly arranged at corresponding representative positions outside the enclosure structure, the top plate and the bottom plate. The equipment outside the enclosure structure is placed in a drilling hole 1 mode, the distance between the drilling hole 1 and the enclosure structure L is generally 1000mm, and the size of the drilling hole 1 can be selected
The equipment outside the enclosure structure is fixed on a steel structure made of angle steel, a PVC pipe is adopted for protection, the binding belt is fixed, the equipment fixing position is placed according to the design size in the main structure caused by the protective sleeve on the ground.
(2) Structural concrete stress
The concrete stress monitoring section 2 and the structure external pressure monitoring are consistent as much as possible so as to be verified in a mutual correlation mode. The device is mainly arranged on a key beam, a key column and a key plate, and 1 pair of measuring points (1 in the inner side and the outer side) are distributed at each part.
(3) Structural vibration response
The vibration of a train operating for a long time may affect the stress deformation of a main structure (a beam, a column, a wall and a plate) to different degrees, and accelerometers are arranged on structures on two sides of the train to monitor vibration load. The measuring points are mainly arranged on key columns and walls with large influence on the train vibration load, and the transfer rule of the vibration load from the ballast bed to the walls, the columns and the plates is researched. The element may also be used to monitor seismic vibrations.
(4) Structural settlement
The transformation of the upper structure form, the uneven distribution of longitudinal soil layers, the sudden change of local loads of stations caused by potential engineering activities of external environments and the like are mainly considered, so that the differential settlement of the station structure can be caused. And comprehensively determining the arrangement interval position of the settlement observation points according to geological conditions, the reasons of settlement and the like.
3. Monitoring means and instrumentation requirements
3.1 monitor instrument installation as shown in Table 1 and FIGS. 3-7.
Taking a typical monitoring project as an example, various fiber grating sensors are adopted to form a sensor group, and data information of various testing projects is generated by using the strain sensing characteristics of the fiber gratings or as a testing carrier. Sensor statistics the following table, with the replaceable device used as much as possible in the setup process.
TABLE 1 statistical table of monitoring instrument
(1) The external soil pressure of the structure:
the installation sequence of the fiber grating soil pressure gauge is as follows: determining an installation position → installing an embedded steel plate base → installing an earth pressure gauge → laying an optical cable → splicing the optical fiber, connecting the sensors in series → leading out the optical cable and inspecting a passage.
(2) External water pressure of structure
The installation sequence of the fiber grating osmometer 11 is as follows: determining the installation position → protecting and fixing the osmometer → laying the optical cable → fusing the optical fiber, connecting the sensors in series → leading out the optical cable and checking the passage.
(3) Structural concrete stress
The installation sequence of the fiber grating embedded type strain gauge 12 is as follows: determining a mounting position → mounting a strain gauge → laying an optical cable → fusing an optical fiber, connecting a sensor in series → leading out the optical cable and checking a passage.
(4) Structural vibration
And installing a fiber bragg grating accelerometer 13 on the wedge-shaped cushion block, driving expansion screws into peripheral concrete to fix the cable after the cable is arranged, and finally connecting the sensor cable with an acquisition instrument.
(5) Structural settlement
The device mainly comprises a seam meter and angle steel for connection, wherein the seam meter is installed in parallel with the direction of a seam to be measured, the angle steel is installed perpendicular to the direction of the seam to be measured, one end of the angle steel is fixed to the structure through a bolt, the other side of the angle steel is fixed to the seam meter through a bolt, and when the structures on the two sides of the seam generate differential settlement, the connecting angle steel drives the seam meter to stretch and retract so as to obtain differential settlement of structures on the two sides of the seam.
3.2 optical Cable laying and protection
By adopting the wavelength division multiplexing technology, a plurality of fiber grating sensors can be connected in series on one optical fiber, and the number of series-connected instruments has a limit value in order to avoid the cross overlapping of the working wavelengths of the sensors. In view of the optical signal additional loss caused by optical fiber bending, fusion splicing and the like, a certain wavelength redundancy amount is set, and meanwhile, in view of construction convenience, the number of single-channel series sensors is not more than 8 in principle. The specific optical cable routing design is combined with foundation pit excavation, building enclosure and main structure construction processes and procedures, and optical cable routing and equipment integration design is carried out according to the principle that construction feasibility is considered, the bearing performance of the main structure is not affected and the like.
In view of the core of the optical cableThe core structure is SiO2The fiber core made of the material needs to pay special attention during operations such as optical cable laying, fusion splicing and the like in order to avoid the failure of a monitoring system caused by the breakage of the optical cable, and the protection work of the optical cable is well done while strong pulling, excessive bending, violent construction and the like are strictly forbidden. The main remarks are as follows:
(1) concrete internal optical cable: when the structure is poured, the optical cable is bound and laid along the reinforcement cage, the lead is orderly in the well, small-angle bending is strictly forbidden, and the bending radius is not less than 5 cm; in order to avoid forming a water seepage channel, a plurality of water swelling rubber water stopping rings are arranged along the optical cable, particularly the positions of the joint of the sensor and the optical cable, the corner of the optical cable, the joint of the optical cable and the outlet box and the like, and the optical cable is prevented from being led out at a right angle.
(2) And (3) optical fiber fusion: after the optical fiber is welded, a metal pipe needs to be sleeved outside the heat-shrinkable pipe for protecting the optical cable at the welding section, and two ends of the optical cable are fixed by rubber sleeves.
(3) Optical cable in the outlet box: leading wires of the pre-buried sensor to a wire outlet box, installing an FC/APC joint at the end part of an optical cable for facilitating the rapid acquisition of data in a construction period, performing waterproof protection, coiling a redundant optical cable in the wire outlet box, sealing, filling and compacting the inner part with expansion foam, and winding a waterproof adhesive tape outside.
(4) And (3) protecting the optical cable outside the structure: the structure outer lead optical cable should need the protection of stainless steel wire casing, is fixed in the structure lateral wall through expansion bolts, when passing through the major structure, needs the pre-buried PVC threading pipe in corresponding position to supply the optical cable to walk the line.
(5) Protection of the main transmission cable 8: the main transmission optical cable 8 is laid on the side wall of the station structure and is bound and fixed.
3.3 monitoring instrumentation detection and troubleshooting
(1) Pre-installation inspection and testing
In order to ensure the normal use of the sensor, before an instrument enters a field, quality inspection and technical test are carried out on monitoring components, whether quality defects exist or not and whether technical parameters meet engineering requirements or not are checked.
(2) Post-installation troubleshooting
After the fiber grating sensor is installed, a portable demodulator is used for strictly checking the channel to ensure that the waveforms of the sensors are normal and the wavelength interval is proper, and particularly, whether the fusion point has a bad condition or not is noticed. If abnormal conditions such as excessive energy loss are found, the device needs to be repaired or replaced in time.
4. Data acquisition and transmission, as shown in table 2.
The portable acquisition instrument is adopted to acquire data manually and periodically in a construction period, automatic real-time data acquisition is adopted in an operation period, all the fiber grating sensors are introduced into the monitoring station 7 through the multi-core main transmission optical cable 8, data acquisition of all light path signals in the monitoring station 7 is achieved, and system centralized monitoring is achieved.
TABLE 2 data acquisition protocol
The fiber grating sensors of all the sections are led to a host of a monitoring station 7 by adopting a multi-core main transmission optical cable 8, and then remote data sharing is realized by means of a server and an internet, so that a data acquisition and transmission system is formed.
5. Data analysis and trend prediction
The data analysis and trend prediction system mainly comprises abnormal data identification, data smoothing processing, reliability analysis and trend prediction.
Due to the fact that external uncontrollable factors such as external signal interference, power supply interruption, abnormal vibration and the like cause local data abnormity, loss, distortion and the like, abnormal data identification and leakage compensation are needed, meanwhile, reliability analysis and trend prediction are conducted on the basis of existing data, authenticity of front-end data is judged, future data trend rules are predicted, and the method can be better used for structural safety evaluation and management work.
6. State assessment and alarm
And (3) providing damage evaluation recommendation indexes of health monitoring through comparison and selection (whether the position, the sensitivity, the measurement difficulty and the like can be determined), analyzing and formulating a control standard of structural deformation and crack loss and an index early warning standard in combination with a structural stress performance evolution process, providing a monitoring grading early warning management level, and implementing a three-level alarm system. The first stage is a green zone, the second stage is an orange zone, and the third stage is a red zone, as shown in table 3 below.
Table 3 hierarchical management table for monitoring data
Note: u shapen-each monitoring item alarm indicator; u shape0-the actual monitored value.
Combining with the hierarchical management requirements, feeding back to site maintenance personnel for processing after prompting early warning by a site health monitoring system for the I-level early warning condition; monitoring and alarming information of II and III-level early warning conditions is reported to a control center, and the control center schedules all-line relevant sites to perform feedback regulation or manual maintenance.
The intelligent monitoring system for the health of the underground structure provided by the invention can monitor the whole process of the underground structure, dynamically master the working environment, the stress deformation state and the development and evolution trend of the underground structure in real time, provide data support for coping with the decision of processing measures and facilitate the elimination of potential safety hazards in time; data support can be provided for formulating reasonable, active and preventive maintenance measures, so that the operation and maintenance cost of the underground structure in the whole life cycle is effectively reduced, and the service life of the structure is prolonged to the maximum extent; meanwhile, by monitoring the underground structure and the external environment for a long time, engineering experience can be accumulated, and guarantee is provided for the operation and maintenance safety of the structure.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning method for the health of the underground structure, which is used for the intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system for the health of the underground structure and mainly comprises the following steps:
installing each sensor group on each underground structure respectively to obtain monitoring data of the corresponding underground structure;
the data analysis and trend prediction system receives the signal data of the corresponding sensor group to carry out analysis and trend prediction processing so as to obtain a processing result;
the state evaluation and alarm system is used for receiving the processing result of the corresponding data analysis and trend prediction system so as to carry out state evaluation and judge whether to send out early warning according to the state evaluation result;
and the control center is used for receiving the state evaluation of each underground structure and the early warning of the warning system, and carrying out cooperative regulation and control on each underground structure according to the early warning level.
The specific scheme is as follows:
(1) monitoring item determination
The monitoring items can directly or indirectly reflect the actual stress deformation state of the structure and serve for safety evaluation and early warning of the structure, and the monitoring items comprise deformation, stress strain, leakage, underground water level, temperature, fatigue and the like.
(2) Monitoring section 2 and measuring point layout
The monitoring section 2 should be mainly selected from areas with weak soil layers, obvious adverse geological effects such as differential distribution and karst, complex structural system, complex surrounding environment and the like. The distribution of the section measuring points is to combine the stress deformation performance of the structure and select the parts with larger or representative internal force and deformation of the structure for monitoring. And obtaining internal force, displacement control values and control points based on numerical analysis and calculation, and arranging distributed monitoring elements at corresponding points.
(3) Monitoring means and instrumentation requirements
The structure health monitoring should select automatic monitoring, reduces artificial interference to the influence and the human cost of precision, and construction period can be assisted by manual monitoring.
The monitoring instrument should be mainly used for replaceable components and assisted by pre-embedded and non-replaceable components. The instrument should be selected to determine the requirements of measuring range, precision and long-term stability according to the monitoring purpose, and simultaneously, the installation and the maintenance are convenient.
(4) Data acquisition and transmission
The monitoring section 2 is selected, corresponding sensors are arranged on the monitoring section, automatic real-time data acquisition is adopted in the operation period, the sensors transmit signals to a nearby temporary acquisition box 6, and then the signals are transmitted to a monitoring station 7 through a main transmission optical cable 8 for analysis. Specifically, the sensor group comprises fiber grating sensors, all the fiber grating sensors are introduced into the monitoring station 7 through a multi-core main transmission optical cable 8, data acquisition of all optical path signals in the monitoring station 7 is achieved, and system centralized monitoring is achieved. The remote real-time transmission of the monitoring data is realized by erecting a network system, and the dynamic management of the monitoring data is realized.
(5) Data analysis and trend prediction
According to the monitoring data, the structural health condition of the site is intelligently analyzed, and the possible structural health state change trend is predicted.
(6) State assessment and alarm
And analyzing and predicting the condition according to the data of the monitoring system, evaluating the structural health state and early warning in time. Combining with the hierarchical management requirements, for the I-level early warning condition, after the site health monitoring system prompts and gives an early warning, the site health monitoring system feeds the site health monitoring system to the site maintenance personnel in a reverse mode for processing; and monitoring and early warning information of II and III-grade early warning conditions is reported to a control center, the control center schedules all-line related sites to perform feedback regulation or manual maintenance, and a monitoring system provides data support for coping with processing measure decisions, so that potential safety hazards are eliminated in time.
Monitoring information is collected by adopting an advanced fiber bragg grating sensor group, and structural health information is evaluated and early warned through relevant data acquisition, transmission, analysis and prediction, so that maintenance treatment measures can be taken conveniently in time. Through the construction of this intelligent monitoring early warning system, can realize: (1) dynamically monitoring the working state of the underground structure and reasonably evaluating the health state of the underground structure; (2) the operation and maintenance management decision is assisted, and the service life of the underground structure is prolonged; (3) underground structure design, construction and maintenance experience is accumulated.
The system to which the method is applied has been described above and will not be described in detail here.
Has the advantages that:
(1) and dynamically monitoring the working state of the underground structure and reasonably evaluating the health state of the underground structure.
The method comprises the steps of monitoring the whole process of the underground structure, dynamically mastering the working environment, the stress deformation state and the development and evolution trend of the underground structure in real time, revealing the evolution process of the stress deformation and the bearing performance of the structure in an operation period, mutually verifying monitored data, theoretical analysis and numerical calculation, diagnosing various abnormal conditions occurring in the operation period of the underground structure in time, comprehensively evaluating the health condition of the underground structure, and providing reliable data support for the analysis of associated data.
(2) The operation and maintenance management decision is assisted, and the service life of the underground structure is prolonged.
Data support is provided for formulating reasonable, active and preventive maintenance measures, so that the operation and maintenance cost of the underground structure in the whole life cycle is effectively reduced, and the service life of the underground structure is prolonged to the maximum extent.
(3) Underground structure design, construction and maintenance experience is accumulated.
The geological, hydrological and surrounding environments traversed by underground structural engineering are complex, and great challenges are provided for the long-term service performance of the underground structure. By monitoring the underground structure and the external environment for a long time, engineering experience can be accumulated, and guarantee is provided for operation and maintenance safety of the underground structure.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner; the present invention may be readily implemented by those of ordinary skill in the art as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described above; however, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims; meanwhile, any changes, modifications, and evolutions of the equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the actual techniques of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an underground structure health intelligent monitoring early warning system in coordination which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a plurality of underground structures, a plurality of sensor groups, a data acquisition and transmission system, a data analysis and trend prediction system, a state evaluation and alarm system and a control center;
each sensor group is respectively arranged on each underground structure and used for acquiring monitoring data of the corresponding underground structure;
the data acquisition and transmission system is used for transmitting the monitoring data of each sensor group to the data analysis and trend prediction system through optical fibers;
the data analysis and trend prediction system is used for receiving the signal data of the corresponding sensor group to perform analysis and trend prediction processing so as to obtain a processing result;
the state evaluation and alarm system is used for receiving the processing result of the corresponding data analysis and trend prediction system so as to carry out state evaluation and judge whether to send out early warning according to the state evaluation result;
and the control center is used for receiving the state evaluation of each underground structure and the early warning of the warning system, and carrying out cooperative regulation and control on each underground structure according to the early warning level.
2. The intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system for health of an underground structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the state assessment and alarm system performs internal regulation and control on the corresponding underground structure according to the level of early warning.
3. An intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system for health of an underground structure according to claim 1, wherein the levels of early warning include a level i early warning condition, a level ii early warning condition and a level iii early warning condition;
when the actual monitoring value is not more than 50% of the alarm index of each monitoring item, outputting a level I early warning condition, and operating normally;
when the actual monitoring value is 50% -70% of each monitoring item alarm index, outputting a II-level early warning condition;
and when the actual monitoring value is greater than 70% of the alarm index of each monitoring item, outputting a III-level early warning condition, and judging as an emergency alarm area.
4. An intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system for underground structure health according to claim 3, wherein the state assessment and alarm system is configured to feed site maintenance personnel in a reverse direction for processing based on the level I early warning condition.
5. The intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system for health of an underground structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein the control center is configured to schedule all-line relevant sites for feedback regulation or manual maintenance according to the level II early warning condition and the level III early warning condition, so as to provide data support for decision of handling measures.
6. The intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system for health of underground structures as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control center is configured to notify workers of underground structures that do not need to be maintained manually to the underground structures that need to be maintained manually according to preset rules.
7. The intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system for underground structure health as claimed in claim 6, wherein the preset rules include a geographical location proximity rule and a technical work and race proximity rule.
8. The intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system for health of underground structures as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sensor group comprises a fiber grating soil pressure cell for monitoring soil pressure outside the structure, a fiber grating osmometer for monitoring water pressure outside the structure, a fiber grating embedded strain gauge for monitoring concrete pressure of the structure, a fiber grating accelerometer for monitoring vibration of the structure, and a fiber grating surface tension rod type crack meter for monitoring settlement of the structure.
9. A method for intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning system of health of underground structures according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising:
installing each sensor group on each underground structure respectively to obtain monitoring data of the corresponding underground structure;
the data analysis and trend prediction system receives the signal data of the corresponding sensor group to carry out analysis and trend prediction processing so as to obtain a processing result;
the state evaluation and alarm system is used for receiving the processing result of the corresponding data analysis and trend prediction system so as to carry out state evaluation and judge whether to send out early warning according to the state evaluation result;
and the control center is used for receiving the state evaluation of each underground structure and the early warning of the warning system, and carrying out cooperative regulation and control on each underground structure according to the early warning level.
10. The intelligent monitoring and collaborative early warning method for health of an underground structure according to claim 9, wherein a wavelength division multiplexing technology is adopted to realize that a plurality of fiber grating sensors are connected in series on one optical fiber, and an optical cable routing and equipment integration design is performed according to a principle that construction feasibility is considered and bearing performance of a main structure is not affected by combining construction processes and procedures of foundation pit excavation, an enclosure structure and the main structure.
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