CN113154370B - Combustion-supporting combustion and heating system of high concentration oxygen for producing high temperature heat carrier particles - Google Patents
Combustion-supporting combustion and heating system of high concentration oxygen for producing high temperature heat carrier particles Download PDFInfo
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- CN113154370B CN113154370B CN202110274464.1A CN202110274464A CN113154370B CN 113154370 B CN113154370 B CN 113154370B CN 202110274464 A CN202110274464 A CN 202110274464A CN 113154370 B CN113154370 B CN 113154370B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/20—Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. grids; Bottoms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/22—Fuel feeders specially adapted for fluidised bed combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J11/00—Devices for conducting smoke or fumes, e.g. flues
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/027—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using cyclone separators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
- F23L7/007—Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
The invention discloses a combustion and heating system for high-concentration oxygen combustion supporting for producing high-temperature heat carrier particles. The system comprises: fluidized bed combustion furnace, falling cloud bed preheating device and low-speed high temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed. The fluidized bed combustion furnace sequentially comprises a suspended heat exchange section hearth, a high-speed bubbling bed dense-phase region and a first air distribution device from top to bottom; the falling cloud bed preheating device is arranged above the fluidized bed combustion furnace and comprises a heat carrier particle storage bin to be heated and a plurality of distributors; the low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed sequentially comprises a low-speed bubbling bed dense-phase region and a second air distribution device from top to bottom, the low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed and a fluidized bed combustion furnace share a suspended heat exchange section hearth, and a partition wall is arranged between the low-speed bubbling bed dense-phase region and the high-speed bubbling bed dense-phase region. The system has the advantages of high energy utilization rate, small emission of nitrogen oxides, small equipment volume, low investment cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of energy, relates to a heat utilization technology generated by combustion, and in particular relates to a combustion and heating system for high-concentration oxygen combustion supporting for producing high-temperature heat carrier particles.
Background
The processes such as drying, calcining and the like all require the heat generated by the combustion of the fuel to be transferred to other media by means of heat carriers, which are commonly used in the early days as flue gas or air, which are replaced by steam, hot water and heat transfer oil due to their large volume and low heat transfer coefficient. These heat carriers, although having a high heat transfer coefficient, have the disadvantage of requiring a large number of pressure-bearing metal heating surfaces, but have small exposure temperature and pressure, which is not ideal. After the gas-solid fluidized bed technology appears, the heat carrier particles are applied, especially the high-temperature heat carrier with the particle temperature of about 800 ℃ greatly improves the temperature pressure and the heat transfer coefficient, so that the attention is paid to the fluidized bed combustion furnace for heating the heat carrier particles, and the existing heat carrier particle heating furnace has the advantages that although a considerable part of heat can be used for generating the high-temperature heat carrier particles, the flue gas carrying about 40% of heat can only be used for low-temperature heating, and the equipment is huge. Therefore, there is a need to find a device that will use all the available heat for generating high temperature heat carrier particles while heating the system simply.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. To this end, an object of the present invention is to propose a combustion and heating system for the combustion-supporting of high-concentration oxygen for the production of high-temperature heat carrier particles. The system has the advantages of low equipment volume, low investment cost and the like.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a high-concentration oxygen-assisted combustion and heating system for producing high temperature heat carrier particles. According to an embodiment of the invention, the system comprises: a fluidized bed combustion furnace, a cloud falling bed preheating device and low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particles storage fluidized bed; the fluidized bed combustion furnace sequentially comprises a suspended heat exchange section hearth, a high-speed bubbling bed dense-phase region and a first air distribution device from top to bottom; a flue gas outlet is formed in the side upper part of the suspended heat exchange section hearth, and a first high-concentration oxygen inlet is formed below the first air distribution device; the cloud falling bed preheating device is arranged at the top and the hearth of the suspension heat exchange section of the fluidized bed combustion furnace and comprises a heat carrier particle storage bin to be heated and a plurality of distributors; the low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed sequentially comprises a low-speed bubbling bed dense-phase region and a second air distribution device from top to bottom, the low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed and the fluidized bed combustion furnace share the suspended heat exchange section hearth, and a partition wall is arranged between the low-speed bubbling bed dense-phase region and the high-speed bubbling bed dense-phase region; the low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed is internally provided with a high-temperature heat carrier particle lifting pipe, and a second high-concentration oxygen inlet is arranged below the second air distribution device.
In the combustion and heating system for high-concentration oxygen combustion supporting for producing high-temperature heat carrier particles according to the embodiment of the invention, high-temperature flue gas is generated by high-concentration oxygen combustion of fuel and combustion improver, and the flue gas rises to a suspended heat exchange section hearth under the action of the first air distribution device. The heat carrier in the heat carrier particle bin to be heated is fed into the hearth of the suspension heat exchange section through a plurality of distributors, and falls into the dense phase zone of the high-speed bubbling bed after countercurrent heat exchange with the high-temperature flue gas rising from the dense phase zone of the high-speed bubbling bed in the falling process. Further, the heat carrier particles further heated in the dense phase zone of the high-velocity bubbling bed overflow from above the partition wall and fall into the low-velocity high-temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed, and the combustion improver burns with high-concentration oxygen to reduce the carbon content. The high-temperature heat carrier particle lifting pipe can convey the heat carrier particles to other process equipment, and after the heat carrier particles release heat to be cooled, the heat carrier particles return to a heat carrier particle storage bin to be heated for recycling.
The combustion and heating system for high-concentration oxygen combustion supporting for producing high-temperature heat carrier particles according to the embodiment of the invention can strengthen the combustion intensity and heat exchange intensity of a dense phase region of a high-speed bubbling bed by adopting high-concentration oxygen (preferably, the oxygen content is not lower than 90% by volume) as a combustion supporting agent, so that about 80% of combustion release heat is absorbed by the heat carrier particles in the dense phase region of the high-speed bubbling bed and forms high-temperature heat carrier particles, and the enthalpy of flue gas leaving the dense phase region is obviously lower than the quantity when air is used as the combustion supporting agent. And then the heat exchange between the hearth of the suspension heat exchange section and the falling particles in the falling cloud bed is carried out, so that most of the heat carried out by the flue gas from the dense-phase region returns to the dense-phase region of the high-speed bubbling bed through the falling particles, the heat loss of the flue gas is only about 1/5 of that of the flue gas when the air is taken as the combustion improver. Therefore, the system provided by the invention not only can use all effective heat to generate high-temperature heat carrier particles, but also can simplify equipment, and compared with a fluidized bed combustion furnace taking air as a combustion improver, the area of a gas distribution plate in a dense phase region of a hearth and a high-speed bubbling bed can be reduced by about 5 times, so that the problems of local hypoxia caused by concentrated release of volatile matters and the like are better solved. On the other hand, oxygen is used as a combustion improver, so that the generation of nitrogen oxides is avoided, and the carbon dioxide collection is facilitated.
In addition, the combustion and heating system for high-concentration oxygen-assisted combustion for producing high-temperature heat carrier particles according to the above embodiment of the present invention may have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the invention, the high-concentration oxygen-assisted combustion and heating system for producing high temperature heat carrier particles further comprises: the device comprises a bag-type dust collector, an induced draft fan and a chimney, wherein the bag-type dust collector is connected with a flue gas outlet, and the chimney is connected with the bag-type dust collector through the induced draft fan. Therefore, the flue gas discharged by the fluidized bed combustion furnace is discharged into a chimney by the induced draft fan after being treated by the bag-type dust remover.
In some embodiments of the invention, the side of the fluidized bed combustion furnace is provided with a solid fuel inlet.
In some embodiments of the invention, the high-concentration oxygen-assisted combustion and heating system for producing high temperature heat carrier particles further comprises: the cyclone dust collector is arranged between the flue gas outlet and the cloth bag dust collector.
In some embodiments of the invention, a feed back device is arranged at the side part of the low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed, and the feed back device is connected with the cyclone dust collector. When the system adopts solid fuel, the flue gas discharged from the fluidized bed combustion furnace is firstly treated by a cyclone dust collector, and the particles collected from the flue gas can return to a low-speed high-temperature particle storage fluidized bed, so that the carbon content is reduced by combustion.
In some embodiments of the invention, below the first and second air distribution devices is a gas premix chamber having a gas fuel inlet and the high concentration oxygen inlet. When the system adopts gas fuel, the gas premixing chamber is arranged below the first air distribution device and the second air distribution device, and the gas fuel is mixed with high-concentration oxygen in the gas premixing chamber and then enters a high-temperature bubbling bed dense-phase region or a low-speed bubbling bed dense-phase region of a low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the heat carrier particles suitable for the high-concentration oxygen combustion-supporting combustion and heating system for producing the high-temperature heat carrier particles have good wear resistance, the particle size is 0.1-0.8 mm, and the median particle size is 0.3-0.5 mm. By controlling the particle size of the heat carrier particles within the above range, it is possible to prevent excessively fine particles from being carried into the subsequent process, affecting the quality of the product of the subsequent process, while if the particle size of the heat carrier particles is too large, the effect of countercurrent heat exchange is deteriorated.
In some embodiments of the invention, the volume concentration of oxygen in the high concentration oxygen is not less than 80%. Therefore, the nitrogen content in the high-concentration oxygen serving as the combustion improver is low, and the nitrogen oxide content in the generated flue gas is correspondingly low, so that the flue gas treatment cost can be greatly reduced.
In some embodiments of the invention, the high concentration oxygen fed into the first high concentration oxygen inlet is 80% to 95% of the total concentration oxygen. If the amount of high-concentration oxygen fed into the first high-concentration oxygen inlet is too low relative to the total amount of high-concentration oxygen fed into the system, the energy utilization efficiency, the nitrogen oxide emission will be deteriorated, and the investment and the running costs will be increased.
In some embodiments of the invention, the suspended heat exchange section furnace is disposed perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
In some embodiments of the invention, the air tower standard state air speed of the suspended heat exchange section hearth is 0.3-0.8 m/s, the air tower standard state air speed of the high-speed bubbling bed dense phase zone is 0.6-1.2 m/s, and the air tower standard state air speed of the high-speed bubbling bed dense phase zone is 0.05-0.3 m/s.
In some embodiments of the invention, each distributor controls the area of the suspended heat exchange section hearth to be 0.05-0.3 m 2 . Thereby, the heat carrier particles can be further improvedHeat exchange efficiency with high temperature flue gas.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high-concentration oxygen-assisted combustion and heating system for producing high-temperature heat carrier particles according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a high-concentration oxygen-assisted combustion and heating system for producing high-temperature heat carrier particles according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly attached, detachably attached, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a high-concentration oxygen-assisted combustion and heating system for producing high temperature heat carrier particles. It should be noted that the system of the present invention is not particularly limited to the specific type of fuel, and solid fuel (such as coal) or gas fuel (such as synthesis gas) which are common in the art may be used. A system employing solid fuel and gaseous fuel is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 and 2, respectively.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a system employing solid fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the fluidized bed combustion furnace 100, the falling cloud bed preheating device 200, and the low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed 300. The fluidized bed combustion furnace 100 comprises a high-speed bubbling bed dense-phase zone 11, a first air distribution device 12, a solid fuel inlet 13a, a suspended heat exchange section hearth 14, a cyclone dust collector 15, a bag-type dust collector 16, an induced draft fan 17 and a chimney 18. The falling cloud bed preheating apparatus 200 includes a heat carrier particle storage bin 21 to be heated and a plurality of distributors 22. The low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed 300 comprises a low-speed bubbling bed dense phase zone 31, a second air distribution device 32, a material return device 33 and a high-speed heat carrier particle lifting pipe 35, wherein the low-speed bubbling bed dense phase zone 31 and the high-speed bubbling bed dense phase zone 11 are provided with partition walls 34.
Further, the falling cloud bed preheating device 200 is arranged right above the fluidized bed combustion furnace 100 with high-concentration oxygen for supporting combustion, the suspended heat exchange section hearth 14 is used as a heat exchanger of the falling cloud bed, the heat carrier particles to be heated fall down under the action of gravity, are preheated in the suspended heat exchange section hearth 14, and fall into the dense phase zone 11 of the fluidized bed combustion furnace to be heated, so that the device is very compact. The low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed 300 is arranged in parallel and compactly with the fluidized bed combustion furnace 100, the dense-phase areas on two sides are separated by only one partition wall 34, and under the operating condition, high-temperature particles in the dense-phase area 11 of the high-speed bubbling bed can overflow to the dense-phase area 31 of the low-speed bubbling bed, so that the equipment is compact and simplified. The low-velocity, high-temperature particle storage fluidized bed 300 does not provide a separate upper furnace, but rather shares the floating heat exchange section furnace 14 with the fluidized bed combustion furnace 100, further simplifying the apparatus.
Further, the fire coal 101a is fed into the fluidized bed combustion furnace 100 through the solid fuel inlet 13a, the high-concentration oxygen is fed into the lower part of the first air distribution device 12 through the first high-concentration oxygen inlet 102, and the fuel and the oxygen are mixed in the high-speed bubbling bed dense-phase zone 11 for severe combustion, so that heat is released to heat the heat carrier particles, and the particles can be heated to 800-950 ℃. The high-temperature flue gas 103 enters the suspended heat exchange section hearth 14 upwards along the arrow direction, particles 201 which release heat are stored in the heat carrier particle storage bin 21 and fall into the hearth 14 after being uniformly dispersed by the distributor 22, the high-temperature flue gas contacts and exchanges heat with the vertically falling heat carrier particles 202 in a countercurrent mode, the high-temperature flue gas is cooled while the heat carrier particles are preheated, and the temperature of the flue gas 104 discharged from a flue gas outlet is reduced to below 150 ℃. The flue gas 104 carries fly ash and carbon residue, gas-solid separation is carried out in the cyclone dust collector 15, the carbon residue particles 105 are sent to the low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed 300 for continuous combustion, the flue gas 106 carrying fine ash is dedusted by the bag dust collector 16 to become clean flue gas 107, and the clean flue gas is sent to the chimney 18 after passing through the induced draft fan 17 and is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney outlet. Because of the characteristics of the fluidized bed, the high-temperature particles in the dense-phase zone 11 of the high-speed bubbling bed have good fluidity and overflow into the dense-phase zone 31 of the low-speed bubbling bed, and the returned carbon residue particles 105 are also sent into the dense-phase zone 31 of the low-speed bubbling bed through the feed back device 33, and supplement the combustion improver through the second high-concentration oxygen inlet 301, and are combined with the second air distribution device 32 to promote the burnout of the carbon residue, so that the fuel utilization efficiency can be improved. The high temperature particles in the dense phase zone 31 of the low-speed bubbling bed are sent out of the furnace through a high temperature particle lifting pipe 35, the temperature is stably controlled to be 800-950 ℃, the high temperature particles are used as high temperature carrier particle materials after heating, the high temperature carrier particle materials are sent to other process equipment to heat the materials, the materials are cooled after releasing heat, the cooled heat carrier particles 201 are sent to a heat carrier particle storage bin 21 for storage, and a new cycle is started.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, a system employing gaseous fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the fluidized bed combustion furnace 100, the falling cloud bed preheating device 200, and the low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed 300. Wherein, fluidized bed combustion furnace 100 includes high-speed bubbling bed dense phase zone 11, first wind distributing device 12, gas premix room 13b, suspension heat exchange section furnace 14, sack cleaner 16, draught fan 17 and chimney 18. The falling cloud bed preheating apparatus 200 includes a heat carrier particle storage bin 21 to be heated and a plurality of distributors 22. The low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed 300 includes a low-speed bubbling bed dense phase zone 31, a second air distribution device 32, and a high-speed heat carrier particle riser 35, and the low-speed bubbling bed dense phase zone 31 and the high-speed bubbling bed dense phase zone 11 are provided with partition walls 34.
Further, the falling cloud bed preheating device 200 is arranged right above the fluidized bed combustion furnace 100 with high-concentration oxygen for supporting combustion, the suspended heat exchange section hearth 14 is used as a heat exchanger of the falling cloud bed, the heat carrier particles to be heated fall down under the action of gravity, are preheated in the suspended heat exchange section hearth 14, and fall into the dense phase zone 11 of the fluidized bed combustion furnace to be heated, so that the device is very compact. The low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed 300 is arranged in parallel and compactly with the fluidized bed combustion furnace 100, the dense-phase areas on two sides are separated by only one partition wall 34, and under the operating condition, high-temperature particles in the dense-phase area 11 of the high-speed bubbling bed can overflow to the dense-phase area 31 of the low-speed bubbling bed, so that the equipment is compact and simplified. The low-velocity, high-temperature particle storage fluidized bed 300 does not provide a separate upper furnace, but rather shares the floating heat exchange section furnace 14 with the fluidized bed combustion furnace 100, further simplifying the apparatus.
Further, the gas fuel 101b is fed into the gas pre-mixing chamber 13b of the fluidized bed combustion furnace 100 through a gas fuel inlet (not shown in the drawing), the high-concentration oxygen is fed into the gas pre-mixing chamber 13b through a first high-concentration oxygen inlet 102 and mixed with the gas fuel, and the mixed gas is fed into the dense-phase zone 11 of the high-speed bubbling bed through a first air distribution device 12 to undergo severe combustion, so that heat is released to heat the heat carrier particles, and the particles can be heated to 800-950 ℃. The high-temperature flue gas 103 enters the suspended heat exchange section hearth 14 upwards along the arrow direction, particles 201 which release heat are stored in the heat carrier particle storage bin 21 and fall into the hearth after being uniformly dispersed by the distributor 22, the high-temperature flue gas contacts and exchanges heat with the vertically falling heat carrier particles 202 in a countercurrent mode, the high-temperature flue gas is cooled while the heat carrier particles are preheated, and the temperature of the flue gas 104 discharged from a flue gas outlet is reduced to below 150 ℃. The gas fuel is easy to burn out, the burned flue gas is directly dedusted by a bag-type dust remover 16 without the return material of the cyclone dust remover, and becomes clean flue gas 107, and the clean flue gas is sent into a chimney 18 after passing through a draught fan 17 and is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney outlet. Because of the characteristics of the fluidized bed, the high-temperature particles in the dense phase zone 11 of the high-speed bubbling bed have good fluidity, overflow into the dense phase zone 31 of the low-speed bubbling bed, supplement a part of the gas fuel 302 into the gas premixing chamber of the low-speed bubbling bed, supplement the combustion improver through the second high-concentration oxygen inlet 301, and promote combustion by combining with the second air distribution device 32, so that the temperature of the heat carrier particles is more uniform and stable, and fluidized operation of the bed materials is ensured. The high temperature particles in the dense phase zone 31 of the low-speed bubbling bed are sent out of the furnace through a high temperature particle lifting pipe 35, the temperature is stably controlled to be 800-950 ℃, the high temperature particles are used as high temperature carrier particle materials after heating, the high temperature carrier particle materials are sent to other process equipment to heat the materials, the materials are cooled after releasing heat, the cooled heat carrier particles 201 are sent to a heat carrier particle storage bin 21 for storage, and a new cycle is started.
As described above, the combustion and heating system for high-concentration oxygen-assisted combustion for producing high-temperature heat carrier particles according to the embodiment of the present invention may also have the following advantages:
1. the combustion and heating system for high-concentration oxygen combustion supporting for producing high-temperature heat carrier particles adopts high-concentration oxygen as a combustion supporting agent, the nitrogen content in the flue gas after fuel combustion is little, the heat taken away by the flue gas accounts for little of the total heat released by fuel combustion, the heat loss of the discharged flue gas is reduced by 80%, and the energy utilization efficiency is greatly improved.
2. The combustion and heating system for high-concentration oxygen combustion supporting for producing high-temperature heat carrier particles adopts high-concentration oxygen as a combustion supporting agent, so that the equipment volume of the fluidized bed combustion furnace is greatly reduced, and the equipment investment is reduced.
3. In the prior art, a large amount of nitrogen oxides are often generated by combustion equipment taking air as a combustion improver, and the nitrogen oxides are removed after being generated, so that investment and cost are increased.
4. The high-temperature heat carrier particle temperature produced by the high-concentration oxygen combustion-supporting combustion and heating system for producing the high-temperature heat carrier particles can reach 800-950 ℃, has high enough temperature pressure on a heated medium, has high heating speed and good drying effect, and is a high-quality heat carrier.
5. The high-temperature heat carrier particles produced by the high-concentration oxygen combustion-supporting combustion and heating system for producing the high-temperature heat carrier particles are in a normal pressure state, a matched pressure container heat exchange surface is not needed, the cost of heat exchange equipment is greatly saved, and the economy is good.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The combustion and heating method for high-concentration oxygen combustion supporting for producing high-temperature heat carrier particles is characterized in that the combustion and heating method for high-concentration oxygen combustion supporting for producing high-temperature heat carrier particles is carried out by adopting a combustion and heating system for high-concentration oxygen combustion supporting for producing high-temperature heat carrier particles, and the combustion and heating system for high-concentration oxygen combustion supporting for producing high-temperature heat carrier particles comprises: a fluidized bed combustion furnace, a cloud falling bed preheating device and low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particles storage fluidized bed;
the fluidized bed combustion furnace sequentially comprises a suspended heat exchange section hearth, a high-speed bubbling bed dense-phase region and a first air distribution device from top to bottom; the side upper part of the suspended heat exchange section hearth is provided with a flue gas outlet, a first high-concentration oxygen inlet is arranged below the first air distribution device, and the side part of the fluidized bed combustion furnace is provided with a solid fuel inlet;
the cloud falling bed preheating device is arranged at the top and the hearth of the suspension heat exchange section of the fluidized bed combustion furnace and comprises a heat carrier particle storage bin to be heated and a plurality of distributors;
the low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed sequentially comprises a low-speed bubbling bed dense-phase region and a second air distribution device from top to bottom, the low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed and the fluidized bed combustion furnace share the suspended heat exchange section hearth, and a partition wall is arranged between the low-speed bubbling bed dense-phase region and the high-speed bubbling bed dense-phase region; a high-temperature heat carrier particle lifting pipe is arranged in the low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed, and a second high-concentration oxygen inlet is arranged below the second air distribution device;
the system comprises a bag-type dust collector, an induced draft fan and a chimney, wherein the bag-type dust collector is connected with a flue gas outlet, and the chimney is connected with the bag-type dust collector through the induced draft fan;
the cyclone dust collector is arranged between the flue gas outlet and the cloth bag dust collector;
the side part of the low-speed high-temperature heat carrier particle storage fluidized bed is provided with a material returning device which is connected with the cyclone dust collector;
the heat carrier particles in the heat carrier particle storage bin to be heated fall under the action of gravity, are preheated in the suspended heat exchange section hearth, then fall into the high-speed bubbling bed dense-phase region of the fluidized bed combustion furnace, are heated, under the operating condition, the high-temperature particles in the high-speed bubbling bed dense-phase region overflow into the low-speed bubbling bed dense-phase region, the coal is sent into the fluidized bed combustion furnace through the solid fuel inlet, the high-concentration oxygen is sent into the lower part of the first air distribution device through the first high-concentration oxygen inlet, the coal and the oxygen are mixed in the high-speed bubbling bed dense-phase region to be subjected to severe combustion, the heat carrier particles are released to heat the particles to 800-950 ℃, the high-temperature flue gas upwards enters the suspended heat exchange section hearth, the heat carrier particles stored in the heat carrier particle storage bin to be heated fall into the suspended heat exchange section hearth after being evenly dispersed through the distributor, the high-temperature flue gas is in countercurrent contact with vertically falling heat carrier particles for heat exchange, the high-temperature flue gas is cooled while the heat carrier particles are preheated, the temperature of the flue gas discharged from a flue gas outlet is reduced to below 150 ℃, fly ash and carbon residue are carried in the flue gas, gas-solid separation is carried out in the cyclone dust collector, the flue gas carrying fine ash separated by the cyclone dust collector is dedusted by the bag dust collector and becomes clean flue gas, the clean flue gas is sent to a chimney after passing through the induced draft fan and is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney, the high-temperature particles in the dense-phase region of the high-speed bubbling bed have good fluidity, the high-temperature particles overflowed into the dense-phase region of the low-speed bubbling bed through the partition wall, the carbon residue particles separated by the cyclone dust collector are also sent into the dense-phase region of the low-speed bubbling bed through the feed back device, and the combustion improver is supplemented through the second high-concentration oxygen inlet, combining the second air distribution device to promote the burnout of carbon residue, sending the high-temperature particles in the dense phase zone of the low-speed bubbling bed to the outside of the furnace through the high-temperature particle lifting pipe, controlling the temperature to be 800-950 ℃ steadily, sending the high-temperature particles as heated high-temperature carrier particle materials to other process equipment to heat the materials, releasing heat to become cooled heat carrier particles, sending the cooled heat carrier particles to a heat carrier particle storage bin for storage,
the volume concentration of oxygen in the high-concentration oxygen is not lower than 80%, the particle size of the heat carrier particles is 0.1-0.8 mm, the median particle size is 0.3-0.5 mm, the air tower standard state gas speed of the suspended heat exchange section hearth is 0.3-0.8 m/s, the air tower standard state gas speed of the high-speed bubbling bed dense-phase region is 0.6-1.2 m/s, and the air tower standard state gas speed of the low-speed bubbling bed dense-phase region is 0.05-0.3 m/s.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the high concentration oxygen fed into the first high concentration oxygen inlet is 80% -95% of the total concentration oxygen.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein each distributor controls the area of the suspended heat exchange section furnace to be 0.05-0.3 m 2 。
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| CN1070038A (en) * | 1992-06-18 | 1993-03-17 | 清华大学 | The method and the boiler plant of circulation in the differential |
| CN1285874C (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2006-11-22 | 张�诚 | Heat exchange system using maltiple L valve distribution |
| FR2975094B1 (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2013-05-03 | Lafarge Sa | DECARBONATION PROCESS |
| CN103375796A (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2013-10-30 | 张�诚 | Particle thermal medium heater with narrow-screening fire coal circulating fluidized beds |
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