CN113153398A - Large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod - Google Patents
Large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN113153398A CN113153398A CN202110472623.9A CN202110472623A CN113153398A CN 113153398 A CN113153398 A CN 113153398A CN 202110472623 A CN202110472623 A CN 202110472623A CN 113153398 A CN113153398 A CN 113153398A
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- shell
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
- E21D21/0073—Anchoring-bolts having an inflatable sleeve, e.g. hollow sleeve expanded by a fluid
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0093—Accessories
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod. The hydraulic expansion device comprises a hydraulic expansion inner shell, a hydraulic expansion outer shell and an inner rod structure; the hydraulic expansion inner shell and the hydraulic expansion outer shell are formed by flattening and bending a steel pipe; the hydraulic expansion outer shell is positioned on the periphery of the hydraulic expansion inner shell; the hydraulic expansion inner shell is arranged on the periphery of the inner rod structure; the hydraulic expansion inner shell is hermetically connected with the end part of the hydraulic expansion outer shell; the water injection port is arranged at the end parts of the hydraulic expansion inner shell and the hydraulic expansion outer shell and is positioned between the hydraulic expansion inner shell and the hydraulic expansion outer shell; the end part of the inner rod structure is provided with a tray and a nut; the inner rod structure comprises a conical head expansion shell, an inner rod conical head and an inner rod body; the inner rod conical head is arranged at the end part of the inner rod body; the radial size of the conical bottom of the inner rod conical head is larger than that of the inner rod body; the conical head expansion shell is arranged on the inner wall of the hydraulic expansion inner shell and is positioned between the inner rod conical head and the hydraulic expansion inner shell. The invention has the advantage that the axial prestress and the radial prestress of the rod body can be simultaneously applied.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock-soil body anchoring, in particular to a large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod.
Background
Along with the resource development of China moving to the deep part, deep tunnel engineering faces the problem of high ground stress, tunnel excavation unloading can cause engineering disasters such as large deformation and rock burst of surrounding rocks, engineering practices show that the deformation condition of the surrounding rocks of the tunnel can be obviously improved by an effective supporting means, and anchor bolt supporting is widely applied to underground engineering construction as an economic and effective supporting means. However, the existing anchor rod structure does not consider the application of the radial prestress of the rod body, so that the rock around the anchor rod hole cannot recover the real three-dimensional stress state, and for deep roadway rock burst or large deformation of the surrounding rock, a support system is required to have high prestress, high impact resistance and high energy absorption-energy consumption characteristics (large deformation of the anchor rod structure), while the existing anchor rod cannot meet the support requirements of deep rock engineering.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a bolt which can simultaneously apply axial and radial prestress of the bolt body and meet the supporting requirement of deep rock engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod which is a large-deformation anchor rod capable of simultaneously applying axial prestress and radial prestress of a rod body, has a simple structure, does not need an anchoring agent, has the functions of simultaneously applying the axial prestress and the radial prestress and large deformation, meets the supporting requirement of deep rock engineering and has a wide application range; the defects that the conventional anchor rod needs to use an anchoring agent and cannot apply axial and radial prestress and large deformation of the rod body at the same time are overcome.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a big prestressing force water conservancy inflation stock that warp, includes the water filling port, the tray, the nut, its characterized in that: the hydraulic expansion inner shell, the hydraulic expansion outer shell and the inner rod structure are further included;
the hydraulic expansion inner shell and the hydraulic expansion outer shell are formed by flattening and bending a steel pipe; the hydraulic expansion outer shell is positioned on the periphery of the hydraulic expansion inner shell;
the hydraulic expansion inner shell is arranged on the periphery of the inner rod structure;
the hydraulic expansion inner shell is hermetically connected with the end part of the hydraulic expansion outer shell;
the water injection port is arranged at the end parts of the hydraulic expansion inner shell and the hydraulic expansion outer shell and is positioned between the hydraulic expansion inner shell and the hydraulic expansion outer shell;
the end part of the inner rod structure is provided with a tray and a nut;
the inner rod structure comprises a conical head expansion shell, an inner rod conical head and an inner rod body; the inner rod conical head is arranged at the end part of the inner rod body; the radial size of the conical bottom of the inner rod conical head is larger than that of the inner rod body;
the conical head expansion shell is arranged on the inner wall of the hydraulic expansion inner shell and is positioned between the inner rod conical head and the hydraulic expansion inner shell;
when the surrounding rock deforms, the inner rod conical head and the hydraulic expansion inner shell generate relative friction sliding, the hydraulic expansion inner shell is forced to radially expand through the inner rod conical head and the conical head expansion shell, large deformation of the anchor rod structure is achieved, and axial and radial support resistance of the large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod is provided.
In the technical scheme, the groove structure is positioned at one end of the hydraulic expansion inner shell, which is far away from the tray;
the inner rod conical head is positioned in the groove structure, and the inner diameter of the groove structure is matched with the outer diameter of the conical bottom of the inner rod conical head;
the conical head expansion shell is positioned on the inner wall of the groove structure and close to one end of the tray;
the cone head expansion shell is positioned between the inner rod cone head and the groove structure.
In the above technical scheme, the inner rod conical head comprises a first inner rod conical head structure, a second inner rod conical head structure and a third inner rod conical head structure;
the radial dimension of the first inner rod conical head structure is equal to that of the inner rod body, and the first inner rod conical head structure is connected to one end, far away from the tray, of the inner rod body;
the second inner rod conical head structure is positioned between the first inner rod conical head structure and the third inner rod conical head structure; the size of the second inner rod conical head structure is smaller than the radial size of the first inner rod conical head structure and smaller than the radial size of the third inner rod conical head structure;
the third inner rod conical head structure is a conical structure; the radial dimension of the conical bottom of the third inner rod conical head structure is larger than that of the inner rod body.
In the technical scheme, the conical head expansion shell is of a hexagonal structure; the conical head expansion shell comprises a first horizontal edge, a second horizontal edge, a first inclined edge, a second inclined edge, a first vertical edge and a second vertical edge;
the first horizontal edge and the second horizontal edge are arranged in parallel;
the first vertical side and the second vertical side are arranged in parallel;
the inclination angle of the first inclined edge is larger than that of the second inclined edge;
a conical head expansion shell groove is formed in the first horizontal edge;
the first horizontal edge and the second inclined edge both contact the inner wall of the groove structure.
In the technical scheme, before the surrounding rock deforms, the second inner rod conical head structure and the third inner rod conical head structure are both positioned in the groove structure; the second horizontal edge is in contact with the second inner rod conical head structure, the second vertical edge is in contact with the end part of the first inner rod conical head structure and is positioned between the first inner rod conical head structure and the second inner rod conical head structure, the first inclined edge is positioned between the second inner rod conical head structure and the third inner rod conical head structure, and the first vertical edge is positioned between the third inner rod conical head structure and the inner wall of the groove structure;
after the surrounding rock is deformed, the groove structure expands radially, the third inner rod conical head structure is located in the groove structure, and the first inclined edge is in contact with the conical outer wall of the third inner rod conical head structure.
In the technical scheme, the ends of the hydraulic expansion inner shell and the hydraulic expansion outer shell are connected in a sealing mode through high-strength adhesive.
In the technical scheme, the inner rod conical head and the groove structure are in relative friction sliding, under the action force of the inner rod conical head and the conical head expansion shell, the groove structure is radially expanded and the axial size is increased, the anchor rod is hydraulically expanded through the deformed large deformation prestress, the radial prestress is maintained to be applied to the drill hole, and the axial prestress is applied to the drill hole through the tray and the nut.
The invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, an anchoring agent is not needed, the anchoring force is provided by clinging to the wall of a bore hole after water injection expansion, the axial pre-tightening force of the rod body is provided through the tray and the nut, the axial and radial pre-tightening forces of the rod body are simultaneously applied, the function of large deformation of the anchor rod structure is realized through the relative friction sliding of the inner rod conical head and the hydraulic expansion inner shell, the axial and radial pre-tightening forces of the rod body are simultaneously applied, and the supporting requirement of deep rock engineering is met; the defects that the conventional anchor rod needs to use an anchoring agent and cannot apply axial and radial prestress and large deformation of the rod body at the same time are overcome.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the axial structure of a large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of fig. 1 at a.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the radial structure of the large deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod.
Fig. 4 is a schematic axial structure diagram of the large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod during water injection expansion.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the radial structure of the large deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod when the anchor rod is expanded by water injection.
Fig. 6 is a schematic axial structure diagram of the large deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod cone when the cone is expanded.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the radial structure of the large deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod cone when the cone is expanded.
Fig. 8 is an axial structural schematic diagram of the large-deformation prestressed hydraulic expansion anchor rod structure according to the invention when the large deformation occurs.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the radial structure of the large-deformation prestressed hydraulic expansion anchor rod structure in the large deformation state.
Fig. 10 is an axial structural schematic diagram of the connection of the large deformation prestress hydraulic expansion inner rod conical head and the expansion shell.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the radial structure of the connection of the large deformation prestress hydraulic expansion inner rod cone head and the expansion shell.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the cone head expansion shell in the invention.
A in fig. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 11 represents high-pressure water.
In the figure, 1-surrounding rock, 2-drilling, 3-cone head expansion shell, 3.1-first horizontal edge, 3.11-cone head expansion shell groove, 3.2-second horizontal edge, 3.3-first inclined edge, 3.4-second inclined edge, 3.5-first vertical edge, 3.6-second vertical edge, 4-inner rod cone head, 4.1-first inner rod cone head structure, 4.2-second inner rod cone head structure, 4.3-third inner rod cone head structure, 5-hydraulic expansion inner shell, 5.1-groove structure, 6-hydraulic expansion outer shell, 7-inner rod body, 8-water injection port, 9-tray, 10-nut, 11-high-strength adhesive and 12-inner rod structure.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, but are merely exemplary. While the advantages of the invention will be clear and readily understood by the description.
With reference to the accompanying drawings: a large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod comprises a water injection port 8, a tray 9, a nut 10, a hydraulic expansion inner shell 5, a hydraulic expansion outer shell 6 and an inner rod structure 12;
the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 and the hydraulic expansion outer shell 6 are formed by flattening and bending a steel pipe, two ends of the steel pipe are sealed by a high-strength adhesive 11, and one end of the steel pipe is provided with a water injection port 8;
the hydraulic expansion outer shell 6 is positioned at the periphery of the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5;
the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 is arranged on the periphery of the inner rod structure 12;
the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 is connected with the end part of the hydraulic expansion outer shell 6 in a sealing way;
the water injection port 8 is arranged at the end parts of the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 and the hydraulic expansion outer shell 6, is positioned between the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 and the hydraulic expansion outer shell 6 and is communicated with a gap between the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 and the hydraulic expansion outer shell 6, water is injected through the water injection port 8, so that the hydraulic expansion outer shell 6 is tightly attached to the wall of a drill hole and the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 is tightly attached to the inner rod structure, and the radial prestress of a rod body is applied to the drill hole due to the radial expansion of the hydraulic expansion outer shell 6;
the end part of the inner rod structure 12 is provided with a tray 9 and a nut 10, the anchor rod is fixed in the drill hole 2 through the tray 9 and the nut 10, and the axial prestress of the rod body is applied through the tray 9 and the nut 10;
the inner rod structure 12 comprises a conical head expansion shell 3, an inner rod conical head 4 and an inner rod body 7; the inner rod conical head 4 is arranged at the end part of the inner rod body 7; the radial size of the conical bottom of the inner rod conical head 4 is larger than that of the inner rod body 7;
the cone head expanding shell 3 is arranged on the inner wall of the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 and is positioned between the inner rod cone head 4 and the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5, when the surrounding rock deforms, the inner rod cone head 4 and the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 generate relative friction sliding, the hydraulic expansion inner shell 6 is forced to radially expand through the inner rod cone head 4 and the cone head expanding shell 3, the large deformation of the anchor rod structure is realized, the application of axial prestress of the anchor rod body is completed through the tray 9 and the nut 10, the pre-tightening force is simultaneously applied to the axial direction and the radial direction of the rod body, and the axial and radial support resistance of the large deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod is provided.
Before and after the surrounding rock deforms, the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 is tightly wrapped on the peripheries of the conical head expansion shell 3, the inner rod conical head 4 and the inner rod body 7 all the time, the wrapping performance is good, the contact area with the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 is large, the friction force is large, and high prestress is formed;
the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 is wrapped on the peripheries of the conical head expansion shell 3, the inner rod conical head 4 and the inner rod body 7, and forms a high-prestress supporting structure together with the tray 9 and the nut 10; the supporting structure formed by the invention has high impact resistance through the friction sliding of the cone head expansion shell 3, the inner rod cone head 4 and the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5; the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 is greatly deformed through the frictional sliding of the cone head expansion shell 3, the inner rod cone head 4 and the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5, so that the support structure formed by the hydraulic expansion inner shell has the characteristics of high energy absorption and energy consumption, wherein the frictional sliding of the cone head expansion shell 3, the inner rod cone head 4 and the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 is energy absorption movement.
Further, a groove structure 5.1 is arranged at one end of the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 far away from the tray 9;
the inner rod conical head 4 is positioned in the groove structure 5.1, and the inner diameter of the groove structure 5.1 is matched with the outer diameter of the conical bottom of the inner rod conical head 4;
the conical head expansion shell 3 is positioned on the inner wall of the groove structure 5.1 and positioned at one end of the groove structure 5.1 close to the tray 9;
the cone head expansion shell 3 is positioned between the inner rod cone head 4 and the groove structure 5.1; when the surrounding rock is deformed, the inner rod conical head 4 and the groove structure 5.1 are in relative friction sliding, large deformation of the anchor rod structure is achieved, the groove structure 5.1 is forced to radially expand and expand in an expansion range through the inner rod conical head 4 and the conical head expansion shell 3, and axial supporting resistance of the anchor rod is provided.
The groove structure 5.1 is a circumferential groove, the thickness of the part is reduced, and when the inner rod conical head 4 retracts rightwards, the groove structure 5.1 is taken as a bending point, so that the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 is conveniently expanded outwards.
Further, the inner rod conical head 4 comprises a first inner rod conical head structure 4.1, a second inner rod conical head structure 4.2 and a third inner rod conical head structure 4.3;
the radial dimension of the first inner rod conical head structure 4.1 is equal to that of the inner rod body 7, and the first inner rod conical head structure 4.1 is connected to one end, far away from the tray 9, of the inner rod body 7;
the second inner rod conical head structure 4.2 is positioned between the first inner rod conical head structure 4.1 and the third inner rod conical head structure 4.3; the size of the second inner rod conical head structure 4.2 is smaller than the radial size of the first inner rod conical head structure 4.1 and smaller than the radial size of the third inner rod conical head structure 4.3; the second inner rod conical head structure 4.2 can freely move in the groove structure 5.1 and other pipe diameters of the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5, and the radial expansion effect of the third inner rod conical head structure 4.3 and the conical expansion shell 3 on the groove structure 5.1 is ensured;
the third inner rod conical head structure 4.3 is in a conical structure; the radial dimension of the conical bottom of the third inner rod conical head structure 4.3 is larger than that of the inner rod body 7, when surrounding rock deforms, the inner rod conical head 4 and the groove structure 5.1 slide in a relative friction mode, and the third inner rod conical head structure 4.3 and the conical head expansion shell 3 force the groove structure 5.1 to expand radially to provide axial supporting resistance of the anchor rod.
Further, the conical head expansion shell 3 is in a hexagonal structure; the conical head expansion shell 3 comprises a first horizontal edge 3.1, a second horizontal edge 3.2, a first inclined edge 3.3, a second inclined edge 3.4, a first vertical edge 3.5 and a second vertical edge 3.6;
wherein, the first horizontal edge 3.1 and the second horizontal edge 3.2 are arranged in parallel;
the first vertical edge 3.5 and the second vertical edge 3.6 are arranged in parallel;
the inclination angle of the first inclined edge 3.3 is greater than that of the second inclined edge 3.4;
a conical head expansion shell groove 3.11 is formed in the first horizontal edge 3.1, the conical head expansion shell groove 3.11 is similar to a spring piece in effect, the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 is conveniently expanded outwards, and the expansion range of the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 is expanded;
first horizontal limit 3.1 and second slope limit 3.4 all set up on groove structure 5.1's inner wall, and cone head expands shell 3 through its overall structure, sets up on groove structure 5.1's inner wall, and be located between interior rod cone head 4 and the groove structure 5.1, through the motion of second interior rod cone head structure 4.2, third interior rod cone head structure 4.3 and cone head expand shell 3, force groove structure 5.1 to take place radial expansion, provide the axial support resistance of stock.
Further, before the surrounding rock deforms, the second inner rod conical head structure 4.2 and the third inner rod conical head structure 4.3 are both located in the groove structure 5.1; the second horizontal edge 3.2 is positioned on the second inner rod conical head structure 4.2, the second vertical edge 3.6 is positioned at the end part of the first inner rod conical head structure 4.1 and is positioned between the first inner rod conical head structure 4.1 and the second inner rod conical head structure 4.2, the first inclined edge 3.3 is positioned between the second inner rod conical head structure 4.2 and the third inner rod conical head structure 4.3, and the first vertical edge 3.5 is positioned between the third inner rod conical head structure 4.3 and the inner wall of the groove structure 5.1; water is injected through a water injection port 8, so that the hydraulic expansion shell 6 is tightly attached to the wall of a drill hole and the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 is tightly attached to the inner rod structure, the radial prestress application of a rod body is provided for the drill hole due to the radial expansion of the hydraulic expansion shell 6, the anchor rod is fixed in the drill hole 2 through the tray 9 and the nut 10, the axial prestress application of the rod body is completed through the tray 9 and the nut 10, and the axial and radial prestress application of the rod body of the anchor rod is realized at the same time;
after the deformation takes place at the country rock, groove structure 5.1 radial expansion, pole conical head structure 4.3 is located groove structure 5.1 in the third, the contact of the toper outer wall of pole conical head structure 4.3 in first contained grade 3.3 and the third, when the country rock takes place to warp, the emergence relative friction slip of pole conical head 4 and water conservancy inflation inner shell 5 in, realize the big deformation of stock structure, pole conical head 4 and conical head bloated shell 3 force water conservancy inflation inner shell 5 to take place radial expansion in through, provide the axial support resistance of stock.
Furthermore, the end parts of the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 and the hydraulic expansion outer shell 6 are in sealing connection through a high-strength adhesive 11, the high-strength adhesive 11 is various adhesives capable of meeting the strength requirement, and is a commercially available product, the sealing performance of the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 and the hydraulic expansion outer shell 6 is guaranteed, water is injected through a water injection port 8, the hydraulic expansion outer shell 6 is tightly attached to the wall of a drill hole, the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 is tightly attached to an inner rod structure, and the application of radial prestress on the drill hole body is provided.
Furthermore, in the third step, the inner rod conical head 4 and the groove structure 5.1 generate relative friction sliding, under the acting force of the inner rod conical head 4 and the conical head expansion shell 3, the groove structure 5.1 generates radial expansion and increases the axial size, the anchor rod is hydraulically expanded through large deformation prestress after deformation, the radial prestress is maintained to be applied to the drill hole 2, the axial prestress is applied to the drill hole 2 through the tray 9 and the nut 10, when the surrounding rock is deformed, the inner rod conical head 4 and the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 generate relative friction sliding, the large deformation of the anchor rod structure is realized, the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 is forced to generate radial expansion through the inner rod conical head 4 and the conical head expansion shell 3, three-way stress is applied to the rock mass around the drill hole, and the axial supporting resistance of the anchor rod is provided.
The application method of the large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod comprises the following steps,
the method comprises the following steps: forming a borehole 2 in the surrounding rock 1;
step two: placing the large-deformation prestressed hydraulic expansion anchor rod into a drill hole 2, injecting water into a gap between a hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 and a hydraulic expansion outer shell 6 through a water injection port 8, enabling the hydraulic expansion outer shell 6 to be tightly attached to the hole wall of the drill hole 2, enabling the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 to be tightly attached to an inner rod structure 12, and fixing the inner rod structure 12 in the drill hole 2 through a tray 9 and a nut 10 to complete installation of the large-deformation prestressed hydraulic expansion anchor rod;
after the installation is finished, the application of radial prestress of the anchor rod body is provided for the drill hole 2 due to the radial expansion of the hydraulic expansion shell 6, the application of axial prestress of the anchor rod body is finished through the tray 9 and the nut 10, and the axial and radial prestress application of the anchor rod body is realized;
step three: when the surrounding rock deforms, the inner rod conical head 4 and the hydraulic expansion inner shell 5 generate relative friction sliding, the hydraulic expansion inner shell 6 is forced to radially expand through the inner rod conical head 4 and the conical head expansion shell 3, the large deformation of the anchor rod structure is realized, the application of axial prestress of the anchor rod body is completed through the tray 9 and the nut 10, the axial and radial pre-tightening force of the rod body is simultaneously applied, and the axial supporting resistance of the large deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod is provided; the radial stress of the anchor rod is realized by tightly attaching the hydraulic expansion shell to the wall of a drilled hole after expansion, and the axial and radial prestress of the rod body is simultaneously applied to the rock mass around the drilled hole (the simultaneous application of the axial and radial prestress of the rod body to the rock mass around the drilled hole is a support means for improving the stability of the surrounding rock and is finally used in deep rock mass engineering support); the defects that the existing anchor rod does not have radial support on the wall of a drilling hole, so that the rock around the anchor rod hole cannot recover the real three-dimensional stress state, and the supporting requirement of deep rock mass engineering cannot be met are overcome.
The application method of the large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod is convenient to use, provides anchoring force by clinging to the wall of a drill hole after water injection expansion, provides axial pretightening force for the rod body through the tray and the nut, realizes the simultaneous axial and radial pretightening force of the rod body, and realizes the function of large deformation of the sample anchor rod structure through the relative friction sliding of the inner rod conical head and the hydraulic expansion inner shell.
In order to more clearly illustrate the advantages of the large deformation prestressed hydraulic expansion anchor rod of the present invention compared with the prior art, the two technical solutions are compared by the worker, and the comparison results are as follows:
as can be seen from the above table, compared with the prior art, the large-deformation prestressed hydraulic expansion anchor rod of the present invention has the advantages that the hydraulic expansion anchor rod can provide three-way stress to the drilled hole before and after the surrounding rock is deformed, the deformation degree of the hydraulic expansion anchor rod is large, and the application range is wide.
Other parts not described belong to the prior art.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a big prestressing force water conservancy inflation stock that warp, includes water filling port (8), tray (9), nut (10), its characterized in that: the hydraulic expansion device also comprises a hydraulic expansion inner shell (5), a hydraulic expansion outer shell (6) and an inner rod structure (12);
the hydraulic expansion inner shell (5) and the hydraulic expansion outer shell (6) are formed by flattening and bending a steel pipe; the hydraulic expansion outer shell (6) is positioned at the periphery of the hydraulic expansion inner shell (5);
the hydraulic expansion inner shell (5) is arranged on the periphery of the inner rod structure (12);
the hydraulic expansion inner shell (5) is connected with the end part of the hydraulic expansion outer shell (6) in a sealing way;
the water injection port (8) is arranged at the end parts of the hydraulic expansion inner shell (5) and the hydraulic expansion outer shell (6) and is positioned between the hydraulic expansion inner shell (5) and the hydraulic expansion outer shell (6);
the end part of the inner rod structure (12) is provided with a tray (9) and a nut (10);
the inner rod structure (12) comprises a conical head expansion shell (3), an inner rod conical head (4) and an inner rod body (7); the inner rod conical head (4) is arranged at the end part of the inner rod body (7); the radial size of the conical bottom of the inner rod conical head (4) is larger than that of the inner rod body (7);
the cone head expansion shell (3) is arranged on the inner wall of the hydraulic expansion inner shell (5) and is positioned between the inner rod cone head (4) and the hydraulic expansion inner shell (5);
when the surrounding rock deforms, the inner rod conical head (4) and the hydraulic expansion inner shell (5) slide in a relative friction mode, the hydraulic expansion inner shell (6) is forced to expand radially through the inner rod conical head (4) and the conical expansion shell (3), large deformation of the anchor rod structure is achieved, and axial and radial supporting resistance of the large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod is provided.
2. The large deformation prestressed hydraulic expansion anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein: the groove structure (5.1) is positioned at one end of the hydraulic expansion inner shell (5) far away from the tray (9);
the inner rod conical head (4) is positioned in the groove structure (5.1), and the inner diameter of the groove structure (5.1) is matched with the outer diameter of the conical bottom of the inner rod conical head (4);
the conical head expansion shell (3) is positioned on one end, close to the tray (9), of the inner wall of the groove structure (5.1);
the cone head expansion shell (3) is positioned between the inner rod cone head (4) and the groove structure (5.1).
3. The large deformation prestressed hydraulic expansion anchor rod according to claim 2, wherein: the inner rod conical head (4) comprises a first inner rod conical head structure (4.1), a second inner rod conical head structure (4.2) and a third inner rod conical head structure (4.3);
the radial dimension of the first inner rod conical head structure (4.1) is equal to that of the inner rod body (7), and the first inner rod conical head structure (4.1) is connected to one end, far away from the tray (9), of the inner rod body (7);
the second inner rod conical head structure (4.2) is positioned between the first inner rod conical head structure (4.1) and the third inner rod conical head structure (4.3); the size of the second inner rod conical head structure (4.2) is smaller than the radial size of the first inner rod conical head structure (4.1) and smaller than the radial size of the third inner rod conical head structure (4.3);
the third inner rod conical head structure (4.3) is in a conical structure; the radial dimension of the conical bottom of the third inner rod conical head structure (4.3) is larger than that of the inner rod body (7).
4. The large deformation prestressed hydraulic expansion anchor rod according to claim 3, wherein: the conical head expansion shell (3) is in a hexagonal structure; the cone head expansion shell (3) comprises a first horizontal edge (3.1), a second horizontal edge (3.2), a first inclined edge (3.3), a second inclined edge (3.4), a first vertical edge (3.5) and a second vertical edge (3.6);
wherein the first horizontal edge (3.1) and the second horizontal edge (3.2) are arranged in parallel;
the first vertical side (3.5) and the second vertical side (3.6) are arranged in parallel;
the inclination angle of the first inclined edge (3.3) is larger than that of the second inclined edge (3.4);
a conical head expansion shell groove (3.11) is arranged on the first horizontal edge (3.1);
the first horizontal edge (3.1) and the second inclined edge (3.4) both contact the inner wall of the groove structure (5.1).
5. The large deformation prestressed hydraulic expansion anchor rod according to claim 4, wherein: before the surrounding rock deforms, the second inner rod conical head structure (4.2) and the third inner rod conical head structure (4.3) are both positioned in the groove structure (5.1); the second horizontal edge (3.2) is in contact with the second inner rod conical head structure (4.2), the second vertical edge (3.6) is in contact with the end part of the first inner rod conical head structure (4.1) and is positioned between the first inner rod conical head structure (4.1) and the second inner rod conical head structure (4.2), the first inclined edge (3.3) is positioned between the second inner rod conical head structure (4.2) and the third inner rod conical head structure (4.3), and the first vertical edge (3.5) is positioned between the third inner rod conical head structure (4.3) and the inner wall of the groove structure (5.1);
after the surrounding rock deforms, the groove structure (5.1) expands radially, the third inner rod conical head structure (4.3) is located in the groove structure (5.1), and the first inclined edge (3.3) is in contact with the conical outer wall of the third inner rod conical head structure (4.3).
6. The large deformation prestressed hydraulic expansion anchor rod according to claim 5, wherein: the end parts of the hydraulic expansion inner shell (5) and the hydraulic expansion outer shell (6) are hermetically connected through a high-strength adhesive (11).
7. The large deformation prestressed hydraulic expansion anchor rod according to claim 6, wherein: when the inner rod conical head (4) and the groove structure (5.1) generate relative friction sliding, under the acting force of the inner rod conical head (4) and the conical head expansion shell (3), the groove structure (5.1) generates radial expansion and increases the axial size, the large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod after deformation maintains the radial prestress applied to the drill hole (2), and the axial prestress applied to the drill hole (2) is completed through the tray (9) and the nut (10).
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| CN202110472623.9A CN113153398B (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2024114064A1 (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2024-06-06 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Hydraulic expansion bolt suitable for breaking surrounding rock body and method for using hydraulic expansion bolt |
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| US4100748A (en) * | 1977-01-07 | 1978-07-18 | Stratabolt Corporation | Mine roof or rock bolt expansion anchor of the bail type |
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| WO2024114064A1 (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2024-06-06 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Hydraulic expansion bolt suitable for breaking surrounding rock body and method for using hydraulic expansion bolt |
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| CN113153398B (en) | 2024-06-14 |
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