CN113145462A - Brazil fruit effect-based walnut classifier and classification method thereof - Google Patents
Brazil fruit effect-based walnut classifier and classification method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113145462A CN113145462A CN202110231620.6A CN202110231620A CN113145462A CN 113145462 A CN113145462 A CN 113145462A CN 202110231620 A CN202110231620 A CN 202110231620A CN 113145462 A CN113145462 A CN 113145462A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pipeline
- fixed
- plate
- turntable
- barrel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/04—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/14—Details or accessories
Abstract
The invention discloses a walnut classifier based on a Brazil fruit effect and a classification method thereof. The existing walnut grader has low efficiency. The barrel seat is fixed with the bottom frame through the base; the barrel is fixed on the barrel seat, and a semi-hole wall of a central hole of the end panel at the bottom end of the barrel is fixed with an arc-shaped friction plate; the circular ring at the bottom end of the pipeline is eccentrically arranged relative to the pipeline; the turntable is driven by a turntable driving mechanism; the lifting mechanism on the turntable drives the rotating plate to lift synchronously; the fixed plate fixed on the pipeline and the expansion plate form a sliding pair and are connected through a spring; a push-pull electromagnet is fixed on the rotating plate, and a hook is fixed on a telescopic rod of the push-pull electromagnet; the top of the inner wall of the pipeline is provided with a groove; the fixed n bar sieves of bucket inner wall, the fixed photoelectric sensor in bar sieve top. According to the invention, the Brazil fruit effect is utilized, the walnut is layered in a volume mode through vibration and rotation of the rotating plate, the grading efficiency is high, and the rotating plate drives the pipeline to move downwards to the position obtained by detection so as to realize rapid feeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to a walnut classifier and a classification method thereof, wherein the walnut classifier is based on Brazil effect and utilizes rotary stirring to layer the size of walnuts.
Background
The walnut is a plant of Juglandaceae and Carya, the kernel is delicious and edible, it can be used for squeezing oil, its oil is fragrant and delicious, it can be eaten, it can also be used for preparing the false lacquer; the active carbon can be prepared from the fruit shell; the wood is tough and high-quality. Is a medium and important dried fruit and economic tree species with long planting history and wide distribution in China.
In 2018, the walnut yield in China reaches nearly 100 ten thousand tons, and 150 ten thousand tons is expected to be broken through in 2020. Grading treatment in the walnut processing flow is a commercialized mode. The walnut with larger particles is processed into high-end food, and the inferior walnut is made into low-end food.
At present, the walnut grading process mainly comprises manual grading, roller type, screen bar drum type and other modes. The first manual classification is to screen walnuts by using sieves with different apertures, so that the labor intensity is high, but special-shaped or bad walnuts can be selected. The second roller type adopts a chain to drive the grading rollers to move to rotate, the distance between the rollers is gradually increased, so that walnuts are graded in a stepless manner and fall into the collecting area. And the third screen mesh type is used for stably discharging the walnuts through a motor, conveying the walnuts to a vibration area with a screen mesh with a certain inclination degree, and throwing the walnuts on the screen mesh and moving the walnuts forwards until the walnuts fall into the screen meshes with the corresponding diameters. The fourth screen bar drum type is characterized in that the inner wall of the screen bar drum type is divided into a plurality of screening sections with different sizes and apertures by rotating the sorting screen barrel, a spiral pipe is covered on the inner side of the barrel wall, and walnuts fall into the corresponding sorting collecting tanks by the driving of the spiral pipe in the rotating process of the sorting barrel. For the sieve type mode, the efficiency is limited by the area of the sieve surface, and one sieve falls down from the sieve pores to perform area type classification, so that the feeding efficiency of the feeding port is low; and the aperture of the sieve surface is fixed, so that the high grading precision cannot be realized, and meanwhile, the same grading machine cannot be used for grading various dried fruits.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a walnut classifier and a classification method thereof, which are based on the Brazilian fruit effect and utilize rotary stirring to layer the sizes of walnuts, can realize volume classification of the sizes of the walnuts according to required classification categories, can remove walnut shell residues, and have the characteristics of improved walnut classification efficiency, selectable classification categories and wide application range.
The invention relates to a Brazilian fruit effect-based walnut classifier, which comprises a barrel seat, a barrel, a vibration motor, a classifying mechanism, a turntable driving mechanism and a detecting mechanism. The barrel seat is fixed on the base through the lower fixing disc, and the base is fixed on the bottom frame; the barrel is fixed on the barrel seat; the bottom end of the barrel is provided with an integrally formed end panel; the shells of the two vibration motors are fixed on the bottom frame. The grading mechanism comprises a turntable, a lifting mechanism, a rotating plate, a fixed plate, a telescopic plate, a push-pull electromagnet and a pipeline; the bottom end of the pipeline is provided with an integrally formed circular ring, the outer diameter of the circular ring is larger than the inner diameter of the pipeline, and the circular ring is eccentrically arranged relative to the central axis of the pipeline; the aperture of the central hole of the end plate is larger than the outer diameter of the circular ring, and a semi-hole wall of the central hole of the end plate is fixed with an arc-shaped friction plate; the pipeline is arranged in the barrel, and the central hole of the pipeline, the central hole of the barrel seat, the central hole of the lower fixed disk and the central hole of the base are aligned; the turntable and the outer wall of the barrel seat form a revolute pair and are positioned below the barrel; the turntable is driven by a turntable driving mechanism; the lifting mechanism is arranged on the rotary table and drives the two rotary plates to lift synchronously; the two rotating plates are symmetrically arranged around the central axis of the pipeline; a fixed plate is fixed on one side of each rotating plate, which is far away from the pipeline; the radial track of each fixed plate and one telescopic plate form a sliding pair and are connected through a spring; the telescopic plate is tightly attached to the inner wall of the barrel; the bottom end of each rotating plate is fixed with a push-pull electromagnet, and a bent hook is fixed on a telescopic rod of each push-pull electromagnet; the top of the inner wall of the pipeline is provided with two grooves, in an initial state, two hooks are respectively embedded into one corresponding groove, the top surface of the pipeline is aligned with the top surface of the end plate, and the outer side wall of the circular ring, which is close to the central axis of the pipeline, is aligned with the circular arc friction plate on the hole wall of the central hole of the end plate along the circumferential direction; the rotating plate is provided with a plurality of notches which are arranged in an array manner; the detection mechanism consists of a photoelectric sensor and a strip-shaped sieve; n strip-shaped sieves are uniformly distributed and fixed on the inner wall of the barrel along the circumferential direction of the barrel, wherein n is more than or equal to 2; a photoelectric sensor is fixed at the top of each strip-shaped screen; the optical axis of the photoelectric sensor is positioned in the vertical sieve groove of the corresponding bar-shaped sieve; the vertical screen groove width of each strip-shaped screen is different. The turntable driving mechanism and the lifting mechanism are controlled by a controller, and the signal output end of the photoelectric sensor is connected with the controller.
Preferably, the turntable driving mechanism consists of a chain wheel motor and a chain transmission mechanism; the chain transmission mechanism comprises a driving chain wheel, a driven chain wheel, a double-row chain, a bearing and an upper fixed disc; the chain wheel motor is controlled by a controller; the shell of the chain wheel motor is fixed with the bottom frame; an output shaft of the chain wheel motor is vertically arranged and fixed with the driving chain wheel; the driven chain wheel is connected with the driving chain wheel through a double-row chain, and the driven chain wheel is supported on the bucket seat through a bearing; the turntable is fixed on the top surface of the driven chain wheel through an upper fixing disc.
Preferably, the lifting mechanism comprises a rack guide rail upright post, a polished rod guide rail upright post, a gear mounting shaft, a rack, a polished rod, a gear motor, a coupling, an inner truss, an outer truss and a connecting plate; the two rack guide rail upright columns and the two polished rod guide rail upright columns are uniformly distributed and fixed on the turntable along the circumferential direction, and are arranged in a staggered manner along the circumferential direction of the turntable; the adjacent rack guide rail upright columns and the polished rod guide rail upright columns are fixedly connected through arc-shaped connecting pieces; each rack guide rail upright post is fixed with a rack and a gear motor; the gear motor is controlled by the controller; the output shaft of each gear motor is connected with one gear mounting shaft through a coupler; the gear mounting shaft is supported on the bearing block through a bearing; the bearing seat is fixed with the rack guide rail upright post; a gear is fixed on each gear mounting shaft; each gear is meshed with a corresponding rack; each polish rod guide rail upright post and one polish rod form a sliding pair along the vertical direction; the inner truss and the outer truss are both positioned above the barrel; the inner truss is fixed with the outer truss, two ends of the inner truss are respectively fixed with the top ends of the two racks, and two ends of the outer truss are respectively fixed with the top ends of the two polished rods; the two rotating plates are fixed with the bottom surface of the inner truss through the connecting plate.
Preferably, the radial track of each fixed plate is connected with the corresponding expansion plate by a plurality of springs.
Preferably, four strip-shaped screens are arranged.
The classification method of the walnut classifier based on the Brazil fruit effect comprises the following specific steps:
step one, a lifting mechanism drives two rotating plates to synchronously move upwards to a preset position, so that a pipeline is driven to ascend to the end face of the top end of the pipeline and the same height as an optical axis emergent point of a photoelectric sensor; then, the turntable driving mechanism drives the turntable, the lifting mechanism, the two rotating plates and the pipeline to rotate forward at a preset angle together, so that a circular ring on the pipeline is pressed and fixed by an arc-shaped friction plate on the hole wall of the central hole of the panel at the bottom end of the barrel; then, the telescopic rod of the push-pull electromagnet pushes out and releases the pipeline, and the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates to synchronously ascend to the highest position; and finally, the telescopic rod of the push-pull electromagnet retracts, and the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates to synchronously move downwards to the lowest position.
Secondly, the turntable driving mechanism drives the turntable, the lifting mechanism and the two rotating plates to rotate reversely together, and the vibration motor is started; the walnuts form an arrangement mode of the walnuts from small to large in size from bottom to top under the vibration of the vibration motor and the rotating and stirring action of the rotating plate; when walnuts with different sizes in each layer, which are in contact with the inner wall of the barrel, are brought to the positions of the bar-shaped sieves by the telescopic plates, the walnuts rotate under the combined action of the bar-shaped sieves and the telescopic plates, and meanwhile, the telescopic plates are stressed to contract towards the direction of the fixed plate; at this moment, if each layer of walnut of variation in size of dimension meets the bar sieve that vertical sieve groove width ratio self size is big, then pushed the vertical sieve inslot of this bar sieve by the expansion plate, otherwise pass this bar sieve under the expansion plate promotes, and the expansion plate stretches out under spring action behind the bar sieve and hugs closely the bucket inner wall again.
Step three, after the turntable reversely rotates to reach the preset number of turns in the step two, the turntable driving mechanism stops providing power, the photoelectric sensors of the detection mechanisms transmit the height signals of the walnuts in the bar-shaped sieves to the controller, and the controller calculates the height of the maximum-size walnuts in the bar-shaped sieves; the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates to synchronously ascend to the highest position; then, the telescopic rod of the push-pull electromagnet is pushed out; then, the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates to synchronously descend to the preset position in the first step; then, the telescopic rods of the push-pull electromagnets retract, and the hooks on the two push-pull electromagnets hook the pipeline; and finally, the turntable driving mechanism drives the turntable, the lifting mechanism, the two rotating plates and the pipeline to rotate reversely at the preset angle in the first step, so that the circular arc friction plate on the hole wall of the central hole of the end panel at the bottom end of the barrel does not press the circular ring on the pipeline any more.
And fourthly, driving the two rotating plates to synchronously move downwards by the lifting mechanism, so as to drive the pipeline to descend to the second large height position of the top surface of the pipeline in the calculated height of the walnut with the maximum size in each bar-shaped sieve.
And fifthly, the turntable driving mechanism drives the turntable, the lifting mechanism, the two rotating plates and the pipeline to rotate reversely, the walnuts higher than the pipeline fall into the pipeline under the rotation of the two rotating plates and the action of self gravity, and fall out through the barrel seat, the lower fixed disk and the base in sequence, so that the classification of walnuts of one size is completed.
And step six, the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates to synchronously move downwards, so that the pipeline is driven to descend to the position, which is located at the height position, smaller than the current height and closest to the calculated height position of the maximum-size walnuts in each bar-shaped sieve, of the top surface of the pipeline, and then the step five is repeated.
And step seven, judging whether the current height is equal to the minimum value of the calculated heights of the walnuts with the maximum size in each bar-shaped sieve by the controller, if not, repeating the step six, then, executing the step eight, and if so, executing the step nine.
And step eight, repeating the step seven.
Step nine, the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates to synchronously move downwards so as to drive the pipeline to descend to the position, where the top surface of the pipeline is located at the minimum height position of the calculated heights of the walnuts with the maximum size in each bar-shaped sieve, and then the step five is repeated; and finally, stopping providing power by the turntable driving mechanism, closing the vibration motor and finishing grading work.
Preferably, in the ninth step, before the turntable driving mechanism stops providing power, the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates to synchronously move downwards so as to drive the pipeline to descend to an initial position before the first step is executed, the turntable driving mechanism drives the turntable, the lifting mechanism, the two rotating plates and the pipeline to rotate reversely together, the walnut broken slag falls into the pipeline under the rotation of the two rotating plates and the action of self gravity and sequentially falls out through the barrel seat, the lower fixed disk and the base, and therefore the cleaning of the walnut broken slag is completed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, on the basis of utilizing the Brazil fruit effect, the walnuts are fully stirred through the vibration of the double vibration motors and the rotation of the rotating plate, so that the volume type layering of the walnuts is gradually realized in the vibration and stirring processes, the layering speed is high, the grading efficiency is high, the pipeline is driven by the rotating plate to move downwards to the detected position to realize the rapid feeding, the condition that the traditional grader needs slow feeding in the area type grading is avoided, and the time is saved.
2. The invention can analyze the size condition of the batch of walnuts by measuring the measured data through the photoelectric sensor, can judge the thickness of each layer through calculation, accelerates the grading speed and has high informatization degree.
3. According to the invention, a certain distance between the rotating plate and the barrel bottom is reserved after the minimum-size walnuts are classified, so that the walnut residues are removed and collected after the classification of the walnuts of all sizes is finished, the quality of the walnuts is ensured, meanwhile, the walnut residues are prevented from being removed manually, and the adverse effect that the walnut residues are mixed among walnuts to be classified next time and the quality of the walnuts is influenced is also avoided; if a large amount of walnut residues are doped in the classified walnuts, the walnut residues also need to be manually screened, which wastes time and labor.
4. The invention adopts a barreled three-dimensional structure, has small occupied area and avoids the problem of large occupied area caused by the overlong vibrating screen of the screen type mechanism.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the overall construction of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the frame structure of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a perspective view of the chain drive mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the structure of the grading mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the detecting mechanism of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the automatic feeding device comprises a barrel, 2. a bar screen, 3. a photoelectric sensor, 4. an outer truss, 5. an inner truss, 6. a connecting plate, 7. a rotating plate, 8. a fixing plate, 9. a telescopic plate, 10. a rack, 11. a rack guide rail upright post, 12. an arc-shaped connecting piece, 13. a bearing seat, 14. a gear, 15. a rotating disc, 16. a double-row chain, 17. a driving chain wheel, 18. a chain wheel motor, 19. a vibrating motor, 20. a bottom frame, 21. a polished rod guide rail upright post, 22. a polished rod, 23. a gear motor, 24. a pipeline, 25. a base, 26. a barrel seat, 27. a lower fixing disc, 28. a bearing, 29. an upper fixing disc, 30. a driven chain wheel, 31. a coupler, 32. a push-pull type electromagnet and 33. a gear mounting shaft.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the walnut classifier based on the brazilian fruit effect comprises a barrel seat 26, a barrel 1, a vibration motor 19, a classifying mechanism, a turntable driving mechanism and a detecting mechanism. The barrel seat 26 is fixed on the base 25 through a lower fixing disc 27, and the base 25 is fixed on the bottom frame 20; the barrel 1 is fixed on the barrel seat 26; the bottom end of the barrel 1 is provided with an integrally formed end panel; the housings of both vibration motors 19 are fixed to the chassis 20. The grading mechanism comprises a turntable 15, a lifting mechanism, a rotating plate 7, a fixed plate 8, a telescopic plate 9, a push-pull electromagnet 32 and a pipeline 24; the bottom end of the pipeline 24 is provided with an integrally formed ring, the outer diameter of the ring is larger than the inner diameter of the pipeline 24, and the ring is eccentrically arranged relative to the central axis of the pipeline 24; the aperture of the central hole of the end plate is larger than the outer diameter of the circular ring, and a semi-hole wall of the central hole of the end plate is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped friction plate (the arc-shaped friction plate is preferably made of rubber); the pipeline 24 is arranged in the barrel 1, and the central hole of the pipeline 24, the central hole of the barrel seat 26, the central hole of the lower fixed disk 27 and the central hole of the base 25 are aligned; the turntable 15 and the outer wall of the barrel seat 26 form a revolute pair and are positioned below the barrel 1; the turntable 15 is driven by a turntable driving mechanism; the lifting mechanism is arranged on the turntable 15 and drives the two rotating plates 7 to lift synchronously; the two rotating plates 7 are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the pipeline 24; a fixing plate 8 is fixed on one side of each rotating plate 7 far away from the pipeline 24; the radial track of each fixed plate 8 and one expansion plate 9 form a sliding pair and are connected through a spring; the expansion plate is tightly attached to the inner wall of the barrel 1; the telescopic plate has the function of pushing the walnut to rotate, and the spring function of the telescopic plate can prevent the walnut from being damaged by extrusion in the process of pushing the walnut to rotate; the bottom end of each rotating plate 7 is fixed with a push-pull electromagnet 32, and a telescopic rod of each push-pull electromagnet 32 is fixed with a hook; two grooves are formed in the top of the inner wall of the pipeline 24, in an initial state, two hooks are respectively embedded into one corresponding groove so as to hook the pipeline 24, the top surface of the pipeline 24 is aligned with the top surface of the end face plate, and the outer side wall, close to the central axis of the pipeline 24, of the circular ring is aligned with the circular arc friction plate on the hole wall of the central hole of the end face plate in the circumferential direction; a plurality of notches arranged in an array are formed in the rotating plate 7 and used for the peaches to pass through. The detection mechanism consists of a photoelectric sensor 3 and a strip-shaped sieve 2; n strip sieves 2 are uniformly distributed and fixed on the inner wall of the barrel 1 along the circumferential direction of the barrel 1, and n is more than or equal to 2; the top of each strip-shaped sieve 2 is fixed with a photoelectric sensor 3; the optical axis of the photoelectric sensor 3 is positioned in the vertical sieve groove of the corresponding bar-shaped sieve 2; the vertical screen slot widths of the strip screens 2 are different. The turntable driving mechanism and the lifting mechanism are controlled by a controller, and the signal output end of the photoelectric sensor 3 is connected with the controller.
As a preferred embodiment, the turntable driving mechanism consists of a sprocket motor 18 and a chain transmission mechanism; the chain transmission mechanism comprises a driving chain wheel 17, a driven chain wheel 30, a double-row chain 16, a bearing 28 and an upper fixed disc 29; the sprocket motor 18 is controlled by a controller; the shell of the chain wheel motor 18 is fixed with the bottom frame 20; an output shaft of the chain wheel motor 18 is vertically arranged and fixed with the driving chain wheel 17; the driven chain wheel 30 is connected with the driving chain wheel 17 through a double-row chain 16, and the driven chain wheel 30 is supported on the bucket seat 26 through a bearing 28; the turntable 15 is fixed to the top surface of the driven sprocket 30 by an upper fixing plate 29.
As a preferred embodiment, the lifting mechanism comprises a rack guide rail upright 11, a polished rod guide rail upright 21, a gear 14, a gear mounting shaft 33, a rack 10, a polished rod 22, a gear motor 23, a coupler 31, an inner truss 5, an outer truss 4 and a connecting plate 6; the two rack guide rail upright columns 11 and the two polished rod guide rail upright columns 21 are uniformly distributed and fixed on the turntable 15 along the circumferential direction, and the rack guide rail upright columns 11 and the polished rod guide rail upright columns 21 are arranged in a staggered manner along the circumferential direction of the turntable 15; the adjacent rack guide rail upright post 11 and the polished rod guide rail upright post 21 are fixedly connected through an arc-shaped connecting piece 12, and the arc-shaped connecting piece 12 plays a role in ensuring that the rack guide rail upright post 11 and the polished rod guide rail upright post 21 are erected and the rotating process is stable; each rack guide rail upright post 11 is fixed with a rack 10 and a gear motor 23; the gear motor 23 is controlled by the controller; the output shaft of each gear motor 23 is connected with a gear mounting shaft 33 through a coupler 31; the gear mounting shaft 33 is supported on the bearing block 13 through a bearing; the bearing block 13 is fixed with the rack guide rail upright post 11; a gear 14 is fixed on each gear mounting shaft 33; each gear 14 meshes with a corresponding one of the racks 10; each polish rod guide rail upright post 21 and one polish rod 22 form a sliding pair along the vertical direction; the inner truss 5 and the outer truss 4 are both positioned above the barrel 1; the inner truss 5 is fixed with the outer truss 4, two ends of the inner truss 5 are respectively fixed with the top ends of the two racks 10, and two ends of the outer truss 4 are respectively fixed with the top ends of the two polished rods 22; the two rotating plates 7 are fixed with the bottom surface of the inner truss 5 through the connecting plate 6.
As a preferred embodiment, the radial tracks of each fixed plate 8 are connected to the corresponding telescopic plate 9 by means of a plurality of springs.
As a preferred embodiment, four bar screens 2 are provided.
The classification method of the walnut classifier based on the Brazil fruit effect comprises the following specific steps:
step one, a lifting mechanism drives two rotating plates 7 to synchronously move upwards to a preset position, so that a pipeline is driven to ascend to the end face of the top end of the pipeline and the same height as an optical axis emergent point of a photoelectric sensor 3; then, the turntable driving mechanism drives the turntable 15, the lifting mechanism, the two rotating plates 7 and the pipeline to rotate forward together for a preset angle, so that the circular ring on the pipeline is pressed and fixed by the circular arc friction plate on the hole wall of the central hole of the end plate at the bottom end of the barrel 1 (realized by the eccentric arrangement of the circular ring and the central hole of the end plate); then, the telescopic rod of the push-pull electromagnet 32 pushes out and releases the pipeline, and the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates 7 to synchronously ascend to the highest position; finally, the telescopic rod of the push-pull electromagnet 32 retracts, and the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates 7 to synchronously move downwards to the lowest position.
Secondly, the turntable driving mechanism drives the turntable 15, the lifting mechanism and the two rotating plates 7 to rotate reversely together, and the vibration motor is started; the walnuts form a distribution mode of the sizes of the walnuts from bottom to top under the vibration of the vibration motor and the rotary stirring action of the rotary plate (the Brazil fruit effect is utilized, the Brazil fruit effect is further enhanced through stirring, the Brazil fruit effect is the shearing action of a particle layer formed in the vibration process under the friction action of the wall surface of the container and the particles, and the shearing force promotes large particles at the bottom layer to move upwards); when walnuts with different sizes in each layer, which are in contact with the inner wall of the barrel 1, are brought to the bar-shaped sieve positions by the telescopic plates, the walnuts rotate under the combined action of the bar-shaped sieve and the telescopic plates, and meanwhile, the telescopic plates are stressed to contract towards the direction of the fixed plate 8; at this moment, if each layer of walnut of variation in size of dimension meets the bar sieve that vertical sieve groove width ratio self size is big, then pushed the vertical sieve inslot of this bar sieve by the expansion plate, otherwise pass this bar sieve under the expansion plate promotes, and the expansion plate stretches out under spring action behind the bar sieve and hugs closely the bucket inner wall again.
Step three, after the turntable reversely rotates to reach the preset number of turns in the step two, the turntable driving mechanism stops providing power, the photoelectric sensor 3 of each detection mechanism transmits the height signal of the walnut in each bar-shaped sieve 2 to the controller, and the controller calculates the height of the maximum-size walnut in each bar-shaped sieve 2; the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates 7 to synchronously ascend to the highest position; then, the telescopic rod of the push-pull electromagnet 32 is pushed out; then, the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates 7 to synchronously descend to the preset position in the first step; then, the telescopic rods of the push-pull electromagnets 32 retract, and the bent hooks on the two push-pull electromagnets hook the pipeline 24; and finally, the turntable driving mechanism drives the turntable 15, the lifting mechanism, the two rotating plates 7 and the pipeline to rotate reversely at the preset angle in the step one, so that the circular arc friction plates on the hole wall of the central hole of the end surface plate at the bottom end of the barrel 1 do not press the circular ring on the pipeline any more.
And fourthly, the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates 7 to synchronously move downwards so as to drive the pipeline to descend to the position of the top surface of the pipeline at the second large height in the calculated height of the maximum-size walnuts in each bar-shaped sieve 2 (at the moment, the ring on the pipeline is positioned in the central hole of the barrel seat 26, and the pipeline can freely rotate for 360 degrees under the driving of the rotating plates 7 because the circular-arc friction plates do not act and the aperture of the central hole of the barrel seat 26 is larger than the diameter of the ring).
And fifthly, the turntable driving mechanism drives the turntable 15, the lifting mechanism, the two rotating plates 7 and the pipeline to rotate reversely, the walnuts higher than the pipeline fall into the pipeline under the rotation of the two rotating plates 7 and the action of self gravity, and fall out through the barrel seat 26, the lower fixed disk 27 and the base 20 in sequence, so that the grading of walnuts of one size is completed.
And step six, the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates 7 to synchronously move downwards, so that the pipeline is driven to descend to the position, which is located at the height position, smaller than and closest to the current height, of the calculated height positions of the walnuts with the maximum size in each bar-shaped sieve 2, on the top surface of the pipeline, and then the step five is repeated.
And step seven, the controller judges whether the current height is equal to the minimum value of the calculated heights of the walnuts with the maximum size in each bar-shaped sieve 2, if not, the step six is repeated, then, the step eight is executed, and if yes, the step nine is executed.
And step eight, repeating the step seven.
Step nine, the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates 7 to synchronously move downwards, so that the pipeline is driven to descend to the position, where the top surface of the pipeline is located at the minimum height position of the calculated heights of the walnuts with the maximum size in each bar-shaped sieve 2, and then the step five is repeated; and finally, stopping providing power by the turntable driving mechanism, closing the vibration motor and finishing grading work.
As a preferred embodiment, in the ninth step, before the turntable driving mechanism stops providing power, the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates 7 to synchronously move downwards so as to drive the pipeline to descend to the initial position before the first step is executed (the top surface of the pipeline 24 is aligned with the top surface of the end plate), the turntable driving mechanism drives the turntable 15, the lifting mechanism, the two rotating plates 7 and the pipeline to rotate reversely together, the walnut broken slag falls into the pipeline under the rotation of the two rotating plates 7 and the action of self gravity, and falls out through the barrel seat 26, the lower fixed disk 27 and the base 20 in sequence, so that the walnut broken slag cleaning is completed.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a walnut grader based on fruit effect of brazil, includes bucket seat, bucket, vibrating motor, grading mechanism, carousel actuating mechanism and detection mechanism, its characterized in that: the barrel seat is fixed on the base through the lower fixing disc, and the base is fixed on the bottom frame; the barrel is fixed on the barrel seat; the bottom end of the barrel is provided with an integrally formed end panel; the shells of the two vibration motors are fixed on the underframe; the grading mechanism comprises a turntable, a lifting mechanism, a rotating plate, a fixed plate, a telescopic plate, a push-pull electromagnet and a pipeline; the bottom end of the pipeline is provided with an integrally formed circular ring, the outer diameter of the circular ring is larger than the inner diameter of the pipeline, and the circular ring is eccentrically arranged relative to the central axis of the pipeline; the aperture of the central hole of the end plate is larger than the outer diameter of the circular ring, and a semi-hole wall of the central hole of the end plate is fixed with an arc-shaped friction plate; the pipeline is arranged in the barrel, and the central hole of the pipeline, the central hole of the barrel seat, the central hole of the lower fixed disk and the central hole of the base are aligned; the turntable and the outer wall of the barrel seat form a revolute pair and are positioned below the barrel; the turntable is driven by a turntable driving mechanism; the lifting mechanism is arranged on the rotary table and drives the two rotary plates to lift synchronously; the two rotating plates are symmetrically arranged around the central axis of the pipeline; a fixed plate is fixed on one side of each rotating plate, which is far away from the pipeline; the radial track of each fixed plate and one telescopic plate form a sliding pair and are connected through a spring; the telescopic plate is tightly attached to the inner wall of the barrel; the bottom end of each rotating plate is fixed with a push-pull electromagnet, and a bent hook is fixed on a telescopic rod of each push-pull electromagnet; the top of the inner wall of the pipeline is provided with two grooves, in an initial state, two hooks are respectively embedded into one corresponding groove, the top surface of the pipeline is aligned with the top surface of the end plate, and the outer side wall of the circular ring, which is close to the central axis of the pipeline, is aligned with the circular arc friction plate on the hole wall of the central hole of the end plate along the circumferential direction; the rotating plate is provided with a plurality of notches which are arranged in an array manner; the detection mechanism consists of a photoelectric sensor and a strip-shaped sieve; n strip-shaped sieves are uniformly distributed and fixed on the inner wall of the barrel along the circumferential direction of the barrel, wherein n is more than or equal to 2; a photoelectric sensor is fixed at the top of each strip-shaped screen; the optical axis of the photoelectric sensor is positioned in the vertical sieve groove of the corresponding bar-shaped sieve; the widths of the vertical sieve grooves of the strip sieves are different; the turntable driving mechanism and the lifting mechanism are controlled by a controller, and the signal output end of the photoelectric sensor is connected with the controller.
2. The Brazilian fruit effect-based walnut grader according to claim 1, characterized in that: the turntable driving mechanism consists of a chain wheel motor and a chain transmission mechanism; the chain transmission mechanism comprises a driving chain wheel, a driven chain wheel, a double-row chain, a bearing and an upper fixed disc; the chain wheel motor is controlled by a controller; the shell of the chain wheel motor is fixed with the bottom frame; an output shaft of the chain wheel motor is vertically arranged and fixed with the driving chain wheel; the driven chain wheel is connected with the driving chain wheel through a double-row chain, and the driven chain wheel is supported on the bucket seat through a bearing; the turntable is fixed on the top surface of the driven chain wheel through an upper fixing disc.
3. The Brazilian fruit effect-based walnut grader according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lifting mechanism comprises a rack guide rail upright post, a polished rod guide rail upright post, a gear mounting shaft, a rack, a polished rod, a gear motor, a coupling, an inner truss, an outer truss and a connecting plate; the two rack guide rail upright columns and the two polished rod guide rail upright columns are uniformly distributed and fixed on the turntable along the circumferential direction, and are arranged in a staggered manner along the circumferential direction of the turntable; the adjacent rack guide rail upright columns and the polished rod guide rail upright columns are fixedly connected through arc-shaped connecting pieces; each rack guide rail upright post is fixed with a rack and a gear motor; the gear motor is controlled by the controller; the output shaft of each gear motor is connected with one gear mounting shaft through a coupler; the gear mounting shaft is supported on the bearing block through a bearing; the bearing seat is fixed with the rack guide rail upright post; a gear is fixed on each gear mounting shaft; each gear is meshed with a corresponding rack; each polish rod guide rail upright post and one polish rod form a sliding pair along the vertical direction; the inner truss and the outer truss are both positioned above the barrel; the inner truss is fixed with the outer truss, two ends of the inner truss are respectively fixed with the top ends of the two racks, and two ends of the outer truss are respectively fixed with the top ends of the two polished rods; the two rotating plates are fixed with the bottom surface of the inner truss through the connecting plate.
4. The Brazilian fruit effect-based walnut grader according to claim 1, characterized in that: the radial track of each fixed plate is connected with the corresponding expansion plate through a plurality of springs.
5. The Brazilian fruit effect-based walnut grader according to claim 1, characterized in that: four strip sieves are arranged.
6. The classification method of a walnut classifier based on the Brazilian fruit effect according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, a lifting mechanism drives two rotating plates to synchronously move upwards to a preset position, so that a pipeline is driven to ascend to the end face of the top end of the pipeline and the same height as an optical axis emergent point of a photoelectric sensor; then, the turntable driving mechanism drives the turntable, the lifting mechanism, the two rotating plates and the pipeline to rotate forward at a preset angle together, so that a circular ring on the pipeline is pressed and fixed by an arc-shaped friction plate on the hole wall of the central hole of the panel at the bottom end of the barrel; then, the telescopic rod of the push-pull electromagnet pushes out and releases the pipeline, and the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates to synchronously ascend to the highest position; finally, the telescopic rod of the push-pull electromagnet retracts, and the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates to synchronously move downwards to the lowest position;
secondly, the turntable driving mechanism drives the turntable, the lifting mechanism and the two rotating plates to rotate reversely together, and the vibration motor is started; the walnuts form an arrangement mode of the walnuts from small to large in size from bottom to top under the vibration of the vibration motor and the rotating and stirring action of the rotating plate; when walnuts with different sizes in each layer, which are in contact with the inner wall of the barrel, are brought to the positions of the bar-shaped sieves by the telescopic plates, the walnuts rotate under the combined action of the bar-shaped sieves and the telescopic plates, and meanwhile, the telescopic plates are stressed to contract towards the direction of the fixed plate; at the moment, if walnuts with different sizes meet the bar-shaped sieve with the width of the vertical sieve groove larger than the size of the walnuts, the walnuts are pushed into the vertical sieve groove of the bar-shaped sieve by the telescopic plate, otherwise the walnuts pass through the bar-shaped sieve under the pushing of the telescopic plate, and the walnuts stretch out under the action of the spring after passing through the bar-shaped sieve and are tightly attached to the inner wall of the barrel again;
step three, after the turntable reversely rotates to reach the preset number of turns in the step two, the turntable driving mechanism stops providing power, the photoelectric sensors of the detection mechanisms transmit the height signals of the walnuts in the bar-shaped sieves to the controller, and the controller calculates the height of the maximum-size walnuts in the bar-shaped sieves; the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates to synchronously ascend to the highest position; then, the telescopic rod of the push-pull electromagnet is pushed out; then, the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates to synchronously descend to the preset position in the first step; then, the telescopic rods of the push-pull electromagnets retract, and the hooks on the two push-pull electromagnets hook the pipeline; finally, the turntable driving mechanism drives the turntable, the lifting mechanism, the two rotating plates and the pipeline to rotate reversely at the preset angle in the first step, so that the circular arc friction plate on the hole wall of the central hole of the end panel at the bottom end of the barrel does not press the circular ring on the pipeline any more;
driving the two rotating plates to synchronously move downwards by the lifting mechanism so as to drive the pipeline to descend to the second large height position of the calculated height of the maximum-size walnuts in each bar-shaped sieve on the top surface of the pipeline;
fifthly, the turntable driving mechanism drives the turntable, the lifting mechanism, the two rotating plates and the pipeline to rotate reversely, the walnuts higher than the pipeline fall into the pipeline under the rotation of the two rotating plates and the action of self gravity, and fall out through the barrel seat, the lower fixed plate and the base in sequence, so that the classification of walnuts of one size is completed;
step six, the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates to synchronously move downwards so as to drive the pipeline to descend to the position, which is located at the height position, smaller than and closest to the current height, of the calculated height of the maximum-size walnuts in each bar-shaped sieve on the top surface of the pipeline, and then the step five is repeated;
step seven, the controller judges whether the current height is equal to the minimum value of the calculated heights of the walnuts with the maximum size in each bar-shaped sieve, if not, the step six is repeated, then, the step eight is executed, and if yes, the step nine is executed;
step eight, repeating the step seven;
step nine, the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates to synchronously move downwards so as to drive the pipeline to descend to the position, where the top surface of the pipeline is located at the minimum height position of the calculated heights of the walnuts with the maximum size in each bar-shaped sieve, and then the step five is repeated; and finally, stopping providing power by the turntable driving mechanism, closing the vibration motor and finishing grading work.
7. The classification method of the Brazilian fruit effect-based walnut classifier according to claim 6, characterized in that: and step nine, before the turntable driving mechanism stops providing power, the lifting mechanism drives the two rotating plates to synchronously move downwards so as to drive the pipeline to descend to an initial position before the step one is executed, the turntable driving mechanism drives the turntable, the lifting mechanism, the two rotating plates and the pipeline to rotate reversely together, the walnut broken slag falls into the pipeline under the rotation of the two rotating plates and the action of self gravity and sequentially falls out through the barrel seat, the lower fixed disk and the base, and therefore the walnut broken slag cleaning is completed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110231620.6A CN113145462B (en) | 2021-03-02 | 2021-03-02 | Brazil fruit effect-based walnut classifier and classification method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110231620.6A CN113145462B (en) | 2021-03-02 | 2021-03-02 | Brazil fruit effect-based walnut classifier and classification method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113145462A true CN113145462A (en) | 2021-07-23 |
| CN113145462B CN113145462B (en) | 2022-03-22 |
Family
ID=76883838
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110231620.6A Active CN113145462B (en) | 2021-03-02 | 2021-03-02 | Brazil fruit effect-based walnut classifier and classification method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113145462B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN205550807U (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-09-07 | 常州全一涂料科技有限公司 | A dual sieving mechanism for powder coating |
| CN209320012U (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-08-30 | 盐城市福奇混凝土有限公司 | A kind of multistage shaking concrete blender |
| CN110434056A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-12 | 沈倩芳 | It is a kind of based on the agricultural of Brazil Nut effect seed pickout apparatus |
| CN210348602U (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-04-17 | 湖北汽车工业学院 | Drum-type coin sorting machine |
| CN211217546U (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-08-11 | 辽宁科技大学 | 'Zhenbaiguo' granule grading device |
| CN111530745A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-14 | 范雪灵 | Seed sieving mechanism for farming |
-
2021
- 2021-03-02 CN CN202110231620.6A patent/CN113145462B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN205550807U (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-09-07 | 常州全一涂料科技有限公司 | A dual sieving mechanism for powder coating |
| CN209320012U (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-08-30 | 盐城市福奇混凝土有限公司 | A kind of multistage shaking concrete blender |
| CN110434056A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-12 | 沈倩芳 | It is a kind of based on the agricultural of Brazil Nut effect seed pickout apparatus |
| CN210348602U (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-04-17 | 湖北汽车工业学院 | Drum-type coin sorting machine |
| CN211217546U (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-08-11 | 辽宁科技大学 | 'Zhenbaiguo' granule grading device |
| CN111530745A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-14 | 范雪灵 | Seed sieving mechanism for farming |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 吕尚武等: "花生除杂(清选)分级机的设计与研究", 《农机化研究》 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113145462B (en) | 2022-03-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109549230A (en) | A kind of cleaning of fruits and vegetables and screening installation | |
| CN113145462B (en) | Brazil fruit effect-based walnut classifier and classification method thereof | |
| CN208636179U (en) | A kind of biological pesticide droplet measurement screen drum | |
| CN109964658A (en) | One kind being used for pinecone threshing apparatus | |
| CN213255667U (en) | Multistage tea leaf sorting machine | |
| CN108176583B (en) | Adjustable multilayer precision vibration screening device | |
| CN109907331A (en) | A kind of cherry stalk seeder | |
| CN211488590U (en) | Hierarchical sorting device of horse shaddock fruit article | |
| CN209965178U (en) | Cherry removes base of a fruit device that denucleates | |
| CN109731676B (en) | Seed magnetic separation grading plant | |
| CN111545455B (en) | Multi-grade separation ore sand screening equipment for building materials | |
| CN213603847U (en) | Automatic feeding equipment for offshore net cage | |
| CN115999917B (en) | Seed sieving mechanism | |
| CN114308634A (en) | Screening device for bean product processing | |
| CN210045382U (en) | Feed feeding device | |
| CN111389732A (en) | Spherical fruit grading plant | |
| CN219424956U (en) | Mechanical automatic sorting equipment for plum processing | |
| CN220406307U (en) | Automatic discharging mechanism for powder metallurgy | |
| CN104585291B (en) | A kind of Carnis Mactrae sorting special equipment | |
| CN218108392U (en) | Changeable over-and-under type regeneration aggregate sieving mechanism of aperture | |
| CN217309065U (en) | Small-size electronic pulp separator | |
| CN211643797U (en) | Conveyer is used in seed processing | |
| CN114932085A (en) | Rotary automatic sorting device | |
| CN219464003U (en) | Feeding device for tea oil processing | |
| CN219092713U (en) | Chinese-medicinal material processing sieve shaker |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |