CN113137770A - Light-gathering, power-generating and heat-collecting integrated device based on blackbody cavity - Google Patents

Light-gathering, power-generating and heat-collecting integrated device based on blackbody cavity Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113137770A
CN113137770A CN202110442195.5A CN202110442195A CN113137770A CN 113137770 A CN113137770 A CN 113137770A CN 202110442195 A CN202110442195 A CN 202110442195A CN 113137770 A CN113137770 A CN 113137770A
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China
Prior art keywords
phase
change heat
cavity
light
blackbody
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CN202110442195.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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田易之
魏博
王龙源
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Xinjiang University
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Xinjiang University
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Priority to CN202110442195.5A priority Critical patent/CN113137770A/en
Publication of CN113137770A publication Critical patent/CN113137770A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/90Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation
    • F24S10/95Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation having evaporator sections and condenser sections, e.g. heat pipes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S70/00Details of absorbing elements
    • F24S70/20Details of absorbing elements characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/30Arrangements for connecting the fluid circuits of solar collectors with each other or with other components, e.g. pipe connections; Fluid distributing means, e.g. headers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S10/00PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
    • H02S10/30Thermophotovoltaic systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/20Optical components
    • H02S40/22Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40Thermal components
    • H02S40/44Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44Heat exchange systems
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52PV systems with concentrators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/60Thermal-PV hybrids

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a light-gathering, power-generating and heat-collecting integrated device based on a blackbody cavity. The solar rays are gathered and led into the blackbody cavity by utilizing the condenser matched with the concave lens, and the absorption and reflection coating can absorb short wave and long wave parts in the gathered rays and convert the short wave and long wave parts into high-grade heat energy to be captured by the phase-change heat collecting device; the solar panel reflects the middle wave band part in the rest of the collected light rays to the black body cavity to realize power generation, the gas in the black body cavity can capture the rest of low-grade heat energy through circulation, and then the external circulation heat exchange device is combined to realize the integration of light condensation, power generation and circulation heat collection of the whole device. On the premise of improving the sunlight capture rate, the invention can ensure that most of light energy is used for power generation and heat collection in the cavity, thereby realizing comprehensive and efficient utilization of solar energy.

Description

Light-gathering, power-generating and heat-collecting integrated device based on blackbody cavity
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solar energy conversion and utilization, in particular to a light-gathering, power-generating and heat-collecting integrated device based on a blackbody cavity.
Background
In most solar power generation projects at present, sunlight is directly irradiated on a solar cell panel to complete power generation, and as part of light is reflected, the sunlight energy is lost, so that the effective irradiance is reduced, and the output current of the solar cell panel is reduced; in addition, a large amount of heat energy is generated during the power generation process, which causes the temperature of the solar cell panel to increase, and the output voltage of the solar cell to decrease, thereby reducing the power generation efficiency.
At present, there are two main ways for utilizing solar energy: firstly, the heat energy of solar energy is directly utilized, namely, solar energy is collected; and the other is to generate electricity by utilizing the photovoltaic effect of the semiconductor material, namely solar energy power generation. Most of solar heat collection or power generation are independently applied, and researches show that: independent solar energy is collected or generated, so that the conversion rate of solar energy is low, the utilization rate is low, and a large amount of solar energy is still lost.
Although the prior solar power generation-heat collection integrated comprehensive device has related technical inventions, most of the devices still have low sunlight capture utilization rate, and how to maximize the sunlight capture rate is a problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of low sunlight utilization rate, relatively single solar energy utilization mode and the like in the existing solar power generation project, the invention aims to provide a light-gathering, power-generating and heat-collecting integrated device based on a blackbody cavity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a spotlight electricity generation thermal-arrest integrated device based on blackbody cavity specifically includes: the solar heat collector comprises a blackbody cavity 1, a heat preservation layer 2, a condenser 3, a concave lens 4, a phase change heat collector 5, an absorption reflection coating 6, a phase change heat collector liquid phase pipe 7, a liquid return pipe 8, a phase change heat collector gas phase pipe 9, a phase change heat exchanger 10, a water storage tank 11, a liquid pump 12, a solar cell panel 13, an insulated lead 14, a communicating pipe I15, a communicating pipe II 16, a gas heat exchanger 17 and a blower 18.
The condenser 3 is arranged above the blackbody cavity 1 and is used for condensing light; the black body cavity 1 is a hard cylindrical cavity, a small hole is formed in one side of the top of the black body cavity for mounting the concave lens 4, the black body cavity is just closed after mounting, and the main optical axes of the condenser 3 and the concave lens 4 are collinear and confocal, and are matched with each other to gather sunlight with a relatively large area and convert the sunlight into parallel light with high irradiance to be emitted into the black body cavity 1 with a smaller volume; the external heat-insulating layer 2 is uniformly laid on the outer surface of the blackbody cavity 1 and used for heat insulation.
The phase change heat collector 5 is a pressure-resistant triangular prism, is arranged at the bottom of the black body cavity 1 and is positioned below the concave lens 4; the absorption and reflection coating 6 is uniformly sprayed on the inclined surface of the phase-change heat collector 5, can absorb the short wave part and the long wave part in the collected light, converts the light energy of the two parts into internal energy to be transmitted to the phase-change heat collector 5, and reflects the medium wave part in the collected light to the inner surface of the blackbody cavity 1.
The bottom of the phase-change heat collector 5 is connected with a phase-change heat collection liquid phase pipe 7 and a liquid return pipe 8, the upper part of the side surface is connected with a phase-change heat collection gas phase pipe 9, and the phase-change heat collection liquid medium can be water or other phase-change liquid media.
The phase tube 7 of the phase-change heat collector liquid device extends into the phase-change heat collector 5, the top of the phase-change heat collector liquid device is closed, atomizing nozzles are uniformly distributed on the extending part of the phase-change heat collector liquid tube, and the bottom of the phase-change heat collector liquid tube is connected to the liquid pump 12.
The liquid reflux pipe 8 is sleeved outside the liquid phase pipe 7 of the phase-change heat collector and is respectively connected with the bottom of the phase-change heat collector 5 and the water storage tank 11, so that liquid which is not subjected to phase change can reflux into the water storage tank 11.
The water storage tank 11 is connected with a liquid return pipe 8, a liquid pump 12 is arranged in the water storage tank for pressurizing and conveying, and liquid returned by the liquid return pipe flows into the water storage tank 11.
The phase change heat exchanger 10 is connected with a phase change heat collector gas phase pipe 9 for leading out high-temperature gas, and heat of the phase-changed high-temperature gas is utilized.
The solar cell panel 13 is fixed on the inner surface of the black body cavity 1, absorbs and utilizes the reflected light of the medium wave part to generate electricity, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the solar cell panel are led out through an opening at the bottom of the black body cavity 1 by an insulated wire 14.
The communicating pipe I15 is connected with a larger hole which is located one third to one fourth of the lower portion of the side wall of the cavity, low-temperature gas media are introduced into the communicating pipe I15, the communicating pipe II 16 is connected with a hole which is located one third to one fourth of the upper portion of the side wall of the opposite side of the cavity, and high-temperature gas media are led out of the communicating pipe II 16 and used for circulating heat exchange.
The gas heat exchanger 17 and the blower 18 are connected with the blackbody cavity 1 through pipelines, so that low-grade heat captured in the blackbody cavity 1 is utilized, and gas circulation is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects.
1. Black body cavity 1 structure: according to the blackbody cavity 1 designed based on the blackbody model, sunlight with a relatively large area is gathered and converted into parallel light by using the condenser and the concave lens to be incident into the blackbody model with a small volume, the energy loss in the whole process is small, most of the captured sunlight energy is used for solar power generation and heat collection in the cavity, and the utilization rate of the sunlight is greatly improved.
2. Solar photo-thermal integration: the solar cell panel integrates the solar component and the photo-thermal component, realizes the integrated design of solar power generation and heat collection, solves the heat dissipation problem of the solar cell panel while carrying out light-gathering power generation, and effectively improves the power generation and heat collection efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a light-gathering, power-generating and heat-collecting integrated device based on a blackbody cavity.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to specific examples, which are intended to illustrate, but not to limit the invention further.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention is a light-gathering, power-generating and heat-collecting integrated device based on a blackbody cavity, comprising: the solar heat collector comprises a blackbody cavity 1, a heat preservation layer 2, a condenser 3, a concave lens 4, a phase change heat collector 5, an absorption reflection coating 6, a phase change heat collector liquid phase pipe 7, a liquid return pipe 8, a phase change heat collector gas phase pipe 9, a phase change heat exchanger 10, a water storage tank 11, a liquid pump 12, a solar cell panel 13, an insulated lead 14, a communicating pipe I15, a communicating pipe II 16, a gas heat exchanger 17 and a blower 18.
The condenser 3 is arranged above the blackbody cavity 1 and is used for condensing light; the black body cavity 1 is a hard cylindrical cavity, a small hole is formed in one side of the top of the black body cavity for mounting the concave lens 4, the black body cavity is just closed after mounting, and the main optical axes of the condenser 3 and the concave lens 4 are collinear and confocal, and are matched with each other to gather sunlight with a relatively large area and convert the sunlight into parallel light with high irradiance to be emitted into the black body cavity 1 with a smaller volume; the external heat-insulating layer 2 is uniformly laid on the outer surface of the blackbody cavity 1 and used for heat insulation.
The phase change heat collector 5 is a pressure-resistant triangular prism, is arranged at the bottom of the black body cavity 1 and is positioned below the concave lens 4; the absorption and reflection coating 6 is uniformly sprayed on the inclined surface of the phase-change heat collector 5, can absorb the short wave part and the long wave part in the collected light, converts the light energy of the two parts into internal energy to be transmitted to the phase-change heat collector 5, and reflects the medium wave part in the collected light to the inner surface of the blackbody cavity 1.
The bottom of the phase-change heat collector 5 is connected with a phase-change heat collection liquid phase pipe 7 and a liquid return pipe 8, the upper part of the side surface is connected with a phase-change heat collection gas phase pipe 9, and the phase-change heat collection liquid medium can be water or other phase-change liquid media.
The phase tube 7 of the phase-change heat collector liquid device extends into the phase-change heat collector 5, the top of the phase-change heat collector liquid device is closed, atomizing nozzles are uniformly distributed on the extending part of the phase-change heat collector liquid tube, and the bottom of the phase-change heat collector liquid tube is connected to the liquid pump 12.
The liquid reflux pipe 8 is sleeved outside the liquid phase pipe 7 of the phase-change heat collector and is respectively connected with the bottom of the phase-change heat collector 5 and the water storage tank 11, so that liquid which is not subjected to phase change can reflux into the water storage tank 11.
The water storage tank 11 is connected with a liquid return pipe 8, a liquid pump 12 is arranged in the water storage tank for pressurizing and conveying, and liquid returned by the liquid return pipe flows into the water storage tank 11.
The phase change heat exchanger 10 is connected with a phase change heat collector gas phase pipe 9 for leading out high-temperature gas, and heat of the phase-changed high-temperature gas is utilized.
The solar cell panel 13 is fixed on the inner surface of the black body cavity 1, absorbs and utilizes the reflected light of the medium wave part to generate electricity, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the solar cell panel are led out through an opening at the bottom of the black body cavity 1 by an insulated wire 14.
The first communicating pipe 15 is connected with a hole which is larger from one third to one fourth of the lower part of the side wall of the cavity, a low-temperature gas medium is introduced into the first communicating pipe 15, the second communicating pipe 16 is connected with a hole which is larger from one third to one fourth of the upper part of the side wall of the cavity, and a high-temperature gas medium is introduced into the second communicating pipe 16 and used for circulating heat exchange.
The gas heat exchanger 17 and the blower 18 are connected with the blackbody cavity 1 through pipelines, so that low-grade heat captured in the blackbody cavity 1 is utilized, and gas circulation is completed.
The working process of the device is as follows: the sunlight is changed into parallel light with high irradiance by the condenser 3 and the concave lens 4 and then is introduced into the black body cavity. The light with high irradiance which is emitted into the blackbody cavity 1 firstly irradiates on the absorption reflection coating 6 on the surface of the phase-change heat collector 5, the absorption reflection coating 6 can absorb the short wave part and the long wave part in the introduced gathered light, and the light energy of the two parts is converted into internal energy which is transmitted to the phase-change heat collector 5, and the light of the rest middle wave bands is reflected to the solar cell panel 13 for power generation. The reflected medium-wave part light rays are reflected and diffused in the cavity and irradiate the solar cell panel laid on the inner surface of the black body cavity to generate electricity. The liquid phase pipe 9 of the phase-change heat collector connected with the bottom surface of the phase-change heat collector 5 extends into the phase-change heat collector 5 and is parallel to the inclined surface of the phase-change heat collector 5, spray heads are uniformly distributed on a communicating pipe extending into the phase-change heat collector, leading-in liquid is arranged in the liquid phase pipe 9 of the phase-change heat collector, the liquid is sprayed to the heat absorption inclined surface of the phase-change heat collector 5 through the spray heads, the liquid drops absorb heat and then change into gas in a phase mode, gas after heat collection and phase change is led out from a communicating pipe II 16, the gas with high-grade heat energy is utilized through an external gas heat exchanger 17, the non-phase-change part of the sprayed liquid flows back into a water storage tank 11 through a liquid backflow pipe 8 and is pumped by a liquid pump 12, and circulating phase-change heat collection is completed.
According to the assumption of the blackbody cavity model, only a very small amount of energy is dissipated from the opening, and most of energy is utilized in the blackbody cavity, so that the capture utilization rate of sunlight is greatly improved.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a spotlight electricity generation heat-collecting integrated device based on blackbody chamber, includes blackbody chamber (1), heat preservation (2), spotlight ware (3), concave lens (4), phase change heat collector (5), absorbs reflective coating (6), phase change heat collector liquid phase pipe (7), liquid back flow (8), phase change heat collector gaseous phase pipe (9), phase change heat exchanger (10), storage water tank (11), liquid pump (12), solar cell panel (13), insulated wire (14), communicating pipe I (15), communicating pipe II (16), gas heat exchanger (17), air-blower (18), spotlight ware (3) are installed in blackbody chamber (1) top, open on blackbody chamber (1) top one side has the aperture to be used for installing concave lens (4), and spotlight ware (3) and concave lens (4) the main optical axis collineation and the confocal point of both, mutually support the parallel light that gathers and transform the high irradiance of the relative sunlight large tracts of land into the smaller blackbody chamber (3) of volume 1) Performing the following steps; the phase change heat collector (5) is a pressure-resistant triangular prism, is arranged at the bottom of the black body cavity (1) and is positioned below the concave lens (4), and the upper part of the side surface of the phase change heat collector is connected with the phase change heat collecting gaseous phase tube (9); the phase tube (7) of the phase-change heat collector liquid extends into the phase-change heat collector (5), and the bottom of the phase-change heat collector liquid is connected with the liquid pump (12); the liquid return pipe (8) is sleeved outside the liquid phase pipe (7) of the phase-change heat collector and is respectively connected with the bottom of the phase-change heat collector (5) and the water storage tank (11); the phase change heat exchanger (10) is connected with a phase change heat collector gas phase pipe (9) for leading out high-temperature gas.
2. The light-gathering, power-generating and heat-collecting integrated device based on the blackbody cavity as claimed in claim 1, wherein the external heat-insulating layer (2) is uniformly laid on the outer surface of the blackbody cavity (1) for heat insulation.
3. The light-gathering, power-generating and heat-collecting integrated device based on the blackbody cavity as claimed in claim 1, wherein the absorbing and reflecting coating (6) is uniformly sprayed on the inclined surface of the phase-change heat collector (5), can absorb the short-wave part and the long-wave part in the gathered light, converts the light energy of the two parts into internal energy to be transmitted to the phase-change heat collector (5), and reflects the medium-wave part in the gathered light to the inner surface of the blackbody cavity (1).
4. The light-gathering, power-generating and heat-collecting integrated device based on the blackbody cavity as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solar cell panel (13) is fixed on the inner surface of the blackbody cavity (1), absorbs and utilizes the reflected light of the medium wave part to generate power, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the solar cell panel are led out from the insulated conducting wire (14) through the opening at the bottom of the blackbody cavity (1).
5. The light-gathering, power-generating and heat-collecting integrated device based on the blackbody cavity as claimed in claim 1, wherein the communicating pipe I (15) is connected with a larger hole located one third to one fourth away from the lower portion of the side wall of one side of the cavity, a low-temperature gas medium is introduced into the communicating pipe I (15), the communicating pipe II (16) is connected with a hole located one third to one fourth away from the upper portion of the side wall of the opposite side of the cavity, and a high-temperature gas medium is led out from the communicating pipe II (16) and used for circulating heat exchange.
6. The light-gathering, power-generating and heat-collecting integrated device based on the blackbody cavity as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas heat exchanger (17) and the blower (18) are connected with the blackbody cavity (1) through pipelines, so that low-grade heat captured in the blackbody cavity 1 is utilized, and gas circulation is completed.
CN202110442195.5A 2021-04-23 2021-04-23 Light-gathering, power-generating and heat-collecting integrated device based on blackbody cavity Pending CN113137770A (en)

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Application publication date: 20210720