CN113137309A - 一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统 - Google Patents

一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统 Download PDF

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CN113137309A
CN113137309A CN202110529104.1A CN202110529104A CN113137309A CN 113137309 A CN113137309 A CN 113137309A CN 202110529104 A CN202110529104 A CN 202110529104A CN 113137309 A CN113137309 A CN 113137309A
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fuel
gas
engine
control device
dual
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黄猛
辛强之
杨尚刚
王延瑞
贾宝富
张洪祥
闫丽
袁磊
张新亮
郭晋
孙立红
王高杰
张红霞
张英
赵辉
李娟�
王喜高
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Zichai Machinery Co ltd
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Zichai Machinery Co ltd
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Priority to US17/547,356 priority patent/US11603804B2/en
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统，包括电控泵、燃气喷射电磁阀以及固定于发动机上的燃气控制装置以及燃油控制装置，燃气控制装置以及燃油控制装置协同工作。燃气控制装置以及燃油控制装置均匀发动机的控制装置电性连接。所述的燃气控制装置与燃气喷射电磁阀电性连接，燃气控制装置控制燃气喷射电磁阀的开启时刻以及开启时长，燃气喷射电磁阀安装于天然气轨与发动机缸盖进气道之间的管路上。所述的燃油控制装置与电控泵电性连接，燃油控制装置控制电控泵的开启时刻以及开启时长，电控泵安装于发动机燃油轨与缸盖喷油器之间的管路上。本发明实现了发动机燃油模式及燃气模式燃料供给的精确控制及发动机全工况点均匀燃烧。

Description

一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统
技术领域
本发明属于船用LNG/柴油双燃料发动机技术领域，具体涉及为一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统。
背景技术
随着排放法规的日趋严格和世界能源日益短缺，高效、节能、环保成为内燃机技术发展的主导方向，液化天然气(LNG)具有能量密度高、排放低、便于运输等特点，被认为最有发展前景的发动机清洁燃料。随着国家进行对清洁燃料的推广，双燃料发动机应运而出。双燃料发动机，系指既可以以天然气为燃料，又可以燃烧柴油，或者同时燃烧燃油和天然气燃料的内燃机。
目前传统的船用双燃料发动机，在机械泵柴油机的研发平台上，增加燃气进行系统及燃气控制系统及必要的安保措施。双燃料发动机工作以柴油模式为主，双燃料模式是在柴油机的基础上采用“气进油退”方式实现了柴油掺烧天然气。发动机柴油模式采用机械泵控制，发动机低负荷燃烧不均匀，按照螺旋桨推进特性25％负荷点以上方可进入双燃料模式，替代率仅70％左右。发动机双燃料模式热效率低排放差，满足不了船用发动机最新排放标准的要求。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是：克服现有技术的不足，提供一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统，本发明实现了发动机燃油模式及燃气模式燃料供给的精确控制及发动机全工况点均匀燃烧。
本发明解决现有技术存在的问题所采用的技术方案是：
一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统，包括电控泵、燃气喷射电磁阀以及固定于发动机上的燃气控制装置以及燃油控制装置，燃气控制装置以及燃油控制装置协同工作。
燃气控制装置以及燃油控制装置均匀发动机的控制装置电性连接。
所述的燃气控制装置与燃气喷射电磁阀电性连接，燃气控制装置控制燃气喷射电磁阀的开启时刻以及开启时长，燃气喷射电磁阀安装于天然气轨与发动机缸盖进气道之间的管路上。
所述的燃油控制装置与电控泵电性连接，燃油控制装置控制电控泵的开启时刻以及开启时长，电控泵安装于发动机燃油轨与缸盖喷油器之间的管路上。
优选的，发动机控制装置的控制单元采用ECU，发动机上的传感器均与发动机控制装置电性连接。
优选的，发动机上的传感器包括燃油温度和压力传感器、天然气温度和压力传感器、凸轮相位传感器、增压压力和温度传感器、各缸排温传感器、水温传感器、机油压力传感器、转速传感器及曲轴相位传感器。
优选的，所述的发动机缸盖上安装有爆震传感器。
优选的，发动机曲轴的各档轴承上均安装有轴承温度传感器。
优选的，发动机的排气管上安装有氧传感器。
优选的，燃气控制装置以及燃油控制装置通过CAN通讯的方式协同工作。
优选的，燃气控制装置根据标定map控制燃气喷射电磁阀燃气控制装置控制燃气喷射电磁阀。
优选的，燃油控制装置根据标定map控制电控泵的开启时刻以及开启时长。
优选的，所述的燃气控制装置以及燃油控制装置的控制单元均采用ECU。
与现有技术相比，本发明所具有的有益效果：
(1)通过发动机燃油map及燃气map的全工况标定和燃油ECU及燃气ECU协同工作，实现了发动机燃油模式及燃气模式燃料供给的精确控制及发动机全工况点均匀燃烧。
(2)另外通过协同精确控制双燃料模式燃油和燃气的喷射，解决了双燃料模式替代率低问题，最高替代率达到了90％。
(3)解决了柴油模式低负荷燃烧不均匀问题将发动双燃料运行模式运行降至10％负荷点。
(4)实现了发动机运行状态检测保护和运行模式智能切换功能。
(5)发动机排放满足了GB15097-2016《船舶发动机排气污染物排放限值及测量方法(中国第一、二阶段)》第二阶段限值要求。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
图1为本发明一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统图。
图中：1-发动机、2-电控泵、3-燃油进油管、4-燃油滤器、5-燃油温度和压力传感器、6-燃气喷射阀、7-天然气进气管、8-天然气轨、9-天然气温度和压力传感器、10-凸轮相位传感器、11-增压压力和温度传感器、12-燃气控制装置、13-发动机监控仪、14-爆震传感器、15-燃油控制装置、16-各缸排温传感器、17-水温传感器、18-机油压力传感器、19-轴承温度传感器、20-氧传感器、21-转速传感器及曲轴相位传感器
具体实施方式
附图为该一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统的最佳实施例，下面结合附图对本发明进一步详细的说明。
由附图1所示，一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统，包括电控泵2、燃气喷射电磁阀6以及包括固定于发动机1上的燃气控制装置12以及燃油控制装置15。燃气控制装置12以及燃油控制装置15通过CAN通讯的方式协同工作。
燃气控制装置12以及燃油控制装置15均匀发动机的控制装置电性连接，所述的燃气控制装置12、燃油控制装置15以及发动机控制装置的控制单元均采用ECU。
所述的燃气控制装置12与燃气喷射电磁阀6通过通讯线束电性连接，燃气控制装置12根据标定map控制燃气喷射电磁阀6的开启时刻以及开启时长，燃气喷射电磁阀6安装于天然气轨8与发动机1缸盖进气道之间的管路上。
所述的燃油控制装置15与电控泵2通过通讯线束电性连接，燃油控制装置15控制根据标定map电控泵2的开启时刻以及开启时长，电控泵2安装于发动机燃油轨与缸盖喷油器之间的管路上。
传统机械泵双燃料发动机纯柴油模式供油角度固定，双燃料模式供油角度采用纯柴油模式的供油角度，供油角度固定，不利于双燃料模式天然气的燃烧。本实施例通过电控泵2代替机械泵，与纯柴油模式全负荷点的map标定配合使用，实现燃油模式和燃气模式的精确控制，对发动机全工况下的燃烧进行优化。
燃油控制装置15的ECU控制map主要有油量控制map、供油定时控制map、启动油量控制map、怠速PID控制map、过度过程控制map、燃油温度修正map、大气压力机温度修正map。
发动机1上的传感器包括燃油温度和压力传感器5、天然气温度和压力传感器9、凸轮相位传感器10、增压压力和温度传感器11、各缸排温传感器16、水温传感器17、机油压力传感器18、转速传感器及曲轴相位传感器21。
燃油温度和压力传感器5安装于燃油滤器4的出口处，燃油滤器4入口处与燃油进油管3连接；天然气温度和压力传感器9安装于天然气轨8上，天然气轨8进口与天然气进气管7连接；凸轮相位传感器10用以检测发动机各缸进排气凸轮相位；增压压力和温度传感器11用以检测各缸进气压力以及温度；各缸排温传感器16安装于各缸排气管上，用以检测排气温度，分别通过燃油ECU控制燃油喷射量，燃气ECU控制燃气喷射量，进行各缸燃料喷射量的修正，协同控制各缸均匀燃烧；水温传感器17用以检测冷却水温度；机油压力传感器18用以检测润滑油机油的油压；转速传感器安装于飞轮处，检测发动机的转速；曲轴相位传感器21用以检测曲轴的相位。发动机1上的传感器均通过通讯线束与发动机控制装置电性连接。同时在发动机1上或发动机1外其他区域安装有发动机监控仪13，发动机监控仪13与发动机ECU进行通讯。各个传感器对发动机的运行状态进行采集，然后显示在发动机监控仪13上，同时发动机监控仪13还具备模式切换(即燃油模式与双燃料模式切换)和发动机加减速调节的功能。
各传感器采集的数据与各标定map进行对照，然后通过这些数据发动机ECU以及燃气控制装置12、燃油控制装置15自动控制燃油模式与双燃料模式切换以及电控泵2、燃气喷射电磁阀6的状态。改变了传统双燃料机以纯柴油模式为主，实现了纯柴油模式和双燃料模式独立工作及不同工作模式的智能转换。同时在发动机低负荷情况下可切换到双燃料模式，进入双燃料模式时的最低负荷点为发动机10％负荷点，增大了双燃料模式下的工况替代率。
所述的发动机缸盖上安装有爆震传感器14，本实施例中，爆震传感器14安装于缸盖的紧固螺栓上，用以检测缸内的燃烧情况。通过爆震传感器14检测的数据，发动机ECU以及燃气控制装置12、燃油控制装置15调整喷油以及喷气量，调整气缸内部的燃烧情况，减少以及消除爆燃情况。
发动机1曲轴的各档轴承上均安装有轴承温度传感器19。用以检测各档轴承的温度，当轴承温度上升到阈值时，发动机监控仪13进行报警或停车保护。
发动机1的排气管上安装有氧传感器20。用以检测排气中的氧含量，来判断空燃比，能实现发动机空燃比的闭环控制。
上面结合附图对本发明的实施方式作了详细说明，但是本发明并不限于上述实施方式，在所属技术领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内，还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。

Claims (10)

1.一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统，包括电控泵(2)、燃气喷射电磁阀(6)，其特征在于：
还包括固定于发动机(1)上的燃气控制装置(12)以及燃油控制装置(15)，燃气控制装置(12)以及燃油控制装置(15)协同工作，
燃气控制装置(12)以及燃油控制装置(15)均匀发动机的控制装置电性连接，
所述的燃气控制装置(12)与燃气喷射电磁阀(6)电性连接，燃气控制装置(12)控制燃气喷射电磁阀(6)的开启时刻以及开启时长，燃气喷射电磁阀(6)安装于天然气轨(8)与发动机(1)缸盖进气道之间的管路上，
所述的燃油控制装置(15)与电控泵(2)电性连接，燃油控制装置(15)控制电控泵(2)的开启时刻以及开启时长，电控泵(2)安装于发动机燃油轨与缸盖喷油器之间的管路上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统，其特征在于：
发动机控制装置的控制单元采用ECU，发动机(1)上的传感器均与发动机控制装置电性连接。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统，其特征在于：
发动机(1)上的传感器包括燃油温度和压力传感器(5)、天然气温度和压力传感器(9)、凸轮相位传感器(10)、增压压力和温度传感器(11)、各缸排温传感器(16)、水温传感器(17)、机油压力传感器(18)、转速传感器及曲轴相位传感器(21)。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统，其特征在于：
所述的发动机缸盖上安装有爆震传感器(14)。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统，其特征在于：
发动机(1)曲轴的各档轴承上均安装有轴承温度传感器(19)。
6.根据权利要求2或3所述的一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统，其特征在于：
发动机(1)的排气管上安装有氧传感器(20)。
7.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统，其特征在于：
燃气控制装置(12)以及燃油控制装置(15)通过CAN通讯的方式协同工作。
8.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统，其特征在于：
燃气控制装置(12)根据标定map控制燃气喷射电磁阀(6)燃气控制装置(12)控制燃气喷射电磁阀(6)。
9.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统，其特征在于：
燃油控制装置(15)根据标定map控制电控泵(2)的开启时刻以及开启时长。
10.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种油气双电控双燃料发动机控制系统，其特征在于：
所述的燃气控制装置(12)以及燃油控制装置(15)的控制单元均采用ECU。
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