CN113136502B - Rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for casting roll and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for casting roll and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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Abstract
A rare earth alloyed high-conductivity copper material for casting rollers is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: be 0.2-0.4%, Co 1.0-1.2%, Zr 0.12-0.15%, Y or Yb 0.05-0.08%, trace impurity element O content less than or equal to 5ppm, S content less than or equal to 5ppm, H content less than or equal to 3ppm, and the balance of Cu. The invention also provides a preparation method of the rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for the casting roller. The copper alloy material provided by the invention has the advantages that the conductivity of the copper alloy is obviously improved while the room-temperature mechanical property and the high-temperature mechanical property are kept high, and the product requirements in the fields of efficient continuous casting rollers, amorphous melt-spun roller rings and the like can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal materials, in particular to a rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for casting rolls and a preparation method of the rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for the casting rolls.
Background
The key parts in the fields of continuous casting and rolling roller sleeves, amorphous melt-spun roller rings and the like are in a thermal coupling service condition, and have higher requirements on the conductivity, mechanical property, high-temperature fatigue resistance and the like of the materials. The copper-beryllium alloy serving as a typical aging precipitation strengthening type copper alloy can be regulated and controlled by micro-alloy and heat treatment process parameters to improve the comprehensive performance of the copper-beryllium alloy, so that the use requirements of key parts in the field are met. Because Be element and its oxide are toxic and pollute the environment, the lower the Be content is, the better. The invention patent applications of the patent publications CN107739877A, CN102212712A, CN1442500A, CN107739876A and the like mainly add elements such as Co, Zr and the like in Cu-Be alloy, the method greatly improves the mechanical property of the alloy, but obviously reduces the conduction property of the alloy, the electric conductivity is mostly kept below 60% IACS, the heat conductivity is below 290W/mK, meanwhile, the improvement of microstructure crystal grains is not obvious, no reference is made to the high-temperature mechanical property of the alloy, and no attention is paid to the influence of trace impurity elements and the content thereof on the conduction property and the microstructure of the alloy.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for casting rolls and a preparation method thereof. The technical scheme is as follows:
the rare earth alloyed high-conductivity copper material for the casting roller is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: be 0.2-0.4%, Co 1.0-1.2%, Zr 0.12-0.15%, Y or Yb 0.05-0.08%, trace impurity element O content less than or equal to 5ppm, S content less than or equal to 5ppm, H content less than or equal to 3ppm, and the balance of Cu.
In a preferred scheme, the rare earth alloyed high-conductivity copper material for the casting roller comprises the following components in parts by weight: be 0.2%, Co 1.0%, Zr 0.13%, Y or Yb 0.06%, trace impurity elements O3 ppm, S3 ppm, H2 ppm, and the balance of Cu.
The effects of the elements in the alloy system are as follows: the addition of Co can compensate for the reduction of mechanical property caused by the reduction of Be element; the Zr element is added to mainly improve the high-temperature mechanical property of the alloy; the addition of the rare earth element Y or Yb can purify a copper matrix, reduce the segregation of the impurity element O, S, H in a crystal boundary through a competitive segregation mechanism, and refine crystal grains; the trace impurity element (O, S, H) is controlled to reduce its effect on the reduction of the alloy conductivity and to reduce the deterioration of high temperature properties due to grain boundary segregation. The copper material of the invention reduces the content of Be to the maximum extent, simultaneously adds elements such as Co, Zr, Y/Yb and the like, and accurately controls the content of trace impurity elements, thereby obviously improving the conductivity (electric conduction and heat conduction) of the copper material while keeping higher room-temperature mechanical property and high-temperature mechanical property.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for the casting roll, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding the raw materials into a smelting furnace according to the proportion of Cu, Be, Co, Zr and Y or Yb, wherein the Y or Yb is added finally by adopting a copper foil wrapping mode; smelting under the vacuum or gas protection condition, wherein the smelting temperature is controlled to 1150-; in the smelting process, the uniformity of the melt is ensured through electromagnetic stirring and mechanical stirring, and the content of trace impurity elements is accurately controlled;
then enabling the melt to flow into a casting mold for casting molding, enabling the melt to be gradually solidified through the cooling effect of a copper cooling sleeve arranged around the casting mold, and realizing a grain refining effect by applying ultrasonic vibration to the bottom of the casting mold in the solidification process to obtain a copper alloy ingot;
(2) performing plastic deformation on the copper alloy cast ingot obtained in the step (1);
(3) and (3) carrying out combined shape heating treatment on the copper alloy cast ingot subjected to plastic deformation in the step (2) to obtain the rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for the casting roller.
In the raw materials in the step (1), Be is added in the form of intermediate alloy Cu-Be, Co is added in the form of pure cobalt, Zr is added in the form of intermediate alloy Cu-Zr, Y is added in the form of copper foil coated with metal yttrium, Yb is added in the form of copper foil coated with metal ytterbium, and Cu is added in the form of high-purity electrolytic copper (the adding amount of the high-purity electrolytic copper is calculated by subtracting the copper content in the intermediate alloy Cu-Be, the intermediate alloy Cu-Zr and the copper foil according to the total content of Cu in the rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for casting rolls). The raw materials are generally subjected to cutting, drying and surface oil removal treatment before smelting.
In the case of melting under vacuum in step (1), the degree of vacuum during melting was maintained at 10-3Pa or less.
And (2) stirring the melt in the smelting process in the step (1) by adopting a mode of combining electromagnetic stirring and mechanical stirring. Preferably, the electromagnetic stirring is performed by an electromagnetic stirrer provided around the melting furnace, and the mechanical stirring is performed by a graphite stirrer applied to the middle of the melt in the melting furnace.
Preferably, in step (1), the temperature for casting is 1100-1200 ℃.
Preferably, in the solidification process in the step (1), ultrasonic vibration is applied to the bottom of the casting mould by using an ultrasonic transducer, and the applied ultrasonic frequency is 20-50 KHz. And the dendritic crystal is broken and the grains are refined under the action of ultrasonic vibration in the solidification process.
In step (2), the plastic deformation may be forging (e.g., a copper alloy ingot is forged by a free forging press), extrusion (e.g., a copper alloy ingot is extruded by a horizontal extruder), or rolling (a copper alloy ingot is rolled by a rolling mill). Preferably, in the step (2), the plastic deformation is thermal deformation, the thermal deformation is 750-870 ℃ for 0.5-1.0 h, and the deformation amount is 75-95%.
Preferably, in the step (3), the combined thermomechanical treatment is composed of solution treatment, cold deformation treatment and aging treatment which are performed in this order. More preferably, in the step (3), the solution treatment is to preserve heat for 0.15 to 3 hours at 850 ℃ and 950 ℃ under the protection of inert gas, and then transfer the solution to water for cooling, wherein the transfer time is 3 to 5 seconds; the deformation of cold deformation is 50-90%; the aging treatment is to preserve heat for 0.5 to 8 hours at the temperature of 320-550 ℃ under the protection of inert gas, and then air-cool the mixture to room temperature. The inert gas in the solid solution treatment and aging treatment processes is nitrogen or argon.
According to the copper alloy material, the content of beryllium element (Be) is reduced to the maximum extent, meanwhile, Co, Zr, Y/Yb and other elements are added, the content of trace impurity element (O, S, P) is accurately controlled, on the basis, the composite stirring and ultrasonic vibration in the solidification process are combined in the smelting process to ensure that the solidification structure is uniform and fine (the uniformity of a melt can Be ensured by applying electromagnetic stirring and mechanical stirring in the smelting process, and the grain refining effect is realized by applying ultrasonic vibration in the solidification process), so that the conductivity of the copper alloy material is remarkably improved while higher room-temperature mechanical property and high-temperature mechanical property are maintained, and the product requirements in the fields of high-efficiency continuous casting rollers, amorphous melt-spinning roller rings and the like can Be met.
The copper alloy material (rare earth alloyed high-conductivity copper material for casting rollers) provided by the invention has the advantages that the electrical conductivity is more than or equal to 80% IACS, the thermal conductivity is more than or equal to 300W/(m.K), the tensile strength at room temperature is more than or equal to 630MPa, and the tensile strength at 400 ℃ is more than or equal to 320 MPa.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an ingot preparation apparatus used in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
In the embodiment, the rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for the casting roller comprises the following components in parts by weight: be 0.4%, Co 1.1%, Zr 0.12%, Y0.05%, trace impurity elements O4 ppm, S4 ppm, H3 ppm, and the balance Cu.
The preparation method of the rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for the casting roller comprises the following steps:
(1) adding raw materials into a smelting furnace according to the proportion of Cu, Be, Co, Zr and Y, wherein Y is added in a copper foil wrapping mode at last (in the raw materials, Be is added in an intermediate alloy Cu-Be mode, Co is added in pure cobalt, Zr is added in an intermediate alloy Cu-Zr mode, Y is added in a copper foil wrapping metal yttrium mode, Cu is added in high-purity electrolytic copper (the added amount of the high-purity electrolytic copper is calculated according to the total content of Cu in the rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for casting rolls by subtracting the copper content of the intermediate alloy Cu-Be, the intermediate alloy Cu-Zr and the copper foil);
smelting under vacuum condition (the vacuum degree is kept at 10 during the smelting process)-3Pa below), the smelting temperature is controlled at 1150 ℃, and the smelting time is controlled at 40 minutes; ensures the smelting process through electromagnetic stirring and mechanical stirringHomogeneity of the melt and precise control of the content of trace impurity elements (referring to fig. 1, electromagnetic stirring is performed by an electromagnetic stirrer 2 disposed around the melting furnace 1, and mechanical stirring is performed by a graphite stirrer 3 applied to the middle of the melt 4 in the melting furnace 1);
referring to fig. 1, then, horizontally flowing out a melt 4 in a smelting furnace 1 from an outlet at the bottom of the smelting furnace 2 and flowing into a casting mold 7 for casting molding (the casting temperature is 1100 ℃), gradually solidifying the melt through the cooling effect of a copper cooling jacket 6 arranged around the casting mold 7, and applying ultrasonic vibration to the bottom of the casting mold 7 in the solidification process to realize a grain refining effect (applying ultrasonic vibration to the bottom of the casting mold 7 by using an ultrasonic transducer 5 in the solidification process, wherein the applied ultrasonic frequency is 20 KHz), so as to obtain a copper alloy ingot (the obtained copper alloy ingot has a uniform equiaxed crystal structure);
(2) performing plastic deformation on the copper alloy cast ingot obtained in the step (1);
in the step (2), plastic deformation is thermal deformation (copper alloy cast ingots are extruded by a horizontal extruder), the thermal deformation temperature is controlled to be 870 ℃, the heating and heat preservation time is 0.5 hour, and the deformation is controlled to be 95 percent;
(3) and (3) carrying out combined shape heating treatment on the copper alloy cast ingot subjected to plastic deformation in the step (2) to obtain the rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for the casting roller.
In the step (3), the combined deformation heat treatment consists of solution treatment, cold deformation treatment and aging treatment which are sequentially carried out; the solution treatment is to keep the temperature at 950 ℃ for 0.15 hour under the protection of nitrogen (the copper alloy cast ingot is put into a tubular furnace protected by nitrogen, the temperature is raised to 950 ℃ along with the furnace, and the temperature is kept for 0.15 hour), and then the copper alloy cast ingot is transferred into water to be cooled, and the transfer time is 3 seconds; the cold deformation amount is 90%; and the aging treatment is to keep the temperature at 550 ℃ for 0.5 hour under the protection of nitrogen, then air-cool the copper alloy ingot to room temperature (the copper alloy ingot after the cold deformation treatment is put into a tubular furnace protected by nitrogen, the temperature is raised to 550 ℃ along with the furnace, the temperature is kept for 0.5 hour, then the copper alloy ingot is taken out of the tubular furnace, and the copper alloy ingot is put into the air and cooled to room temperature).
Example 2
In the embodiment, the rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for the casting roller comprises the following components in parts by weight: be 0.2%, Co 1.0%, Zr 0.13%, Y0.06%, trace impurity elements O3 ppm, S3 ppm, H2 ppm, and the balance Cu.
The preparation method of the rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for the casting roller comprises the following steps:
(1) adding raw materials into a smelting furnace according to the proportion of Cu, Be, Co, Zr and Y, wherein Y is added in a copper foil wrapping mode at last (in the raw materials, Be is added in an intermediate alloy Cu-Be mode, Co is added in pure cobalt, Zr is added in an intermediate alloy Cu-Zr mode, Y is added in a copper foil wrapping metal yttrium mode, Cu is added in high-purity electrolytic copper (the added amount of the high-purity electrolytic copper is calculated according to the total content of Cu in the rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for casting rolls by subtracting the copper content of the intermediate alloy Cu-Be, the intermediate alloy Cu-Zr and the copper foil);
smelting under vacuum condition (vacuum degree is kept at 10 during smelting process)-3Pa below), the smelting temperature is controlled at 1250 ℃, and the smelting time is controlled at 20 minutes; in the smelting process, the uniformity of the melt is ensured by electromagnetic stirring and mechanical stirring, and the content of trace impurity elements is accurately controlled (referring to fig. 1, the electromagnetic stirring is implemented by an electromagnetic stirrer 2 arranged around the smelting furnace 1, and the mechanical stirring is implemented by a graphite stirrer 3 applied to the middle of the melt 4 in the smelting furnace 1);
referring to fig. 1, then, the melt 4 in the smelting furnace 1 horizontally flows out from an outlet at the bottom of the smelting furnace 2 and flows into a casting mold 7 for casting molding (the casting temperature is 1200 ℃), the melt is gradually solidified through the cooling effect of a copper cooling jacket 6 arranged around the casting mold 7, and the grain refinement effect is realized by applying ultrasonic vibration to the bottom of the casting mold 7 in the solidification process (ultrasonic vibration is applied to the bottom of the casting mold 7 by an ultrasonic transducer 5 in the solidification process, and the applied ultrasonic frequency is 50 KHz), so that a copper alloy ingot is obtained (the obtained copper alloy ingot has a uniform equiaxial crystal structure);
(2) performing plastic deformation on the copper alloy cast ingot obtained in the step (1);
in the step (2), the plastic deformation is thermal deformation (copper alloy cast ingot is forged and pressed by a forging press), the thermal deformation temperature is controlled to be 780 ℃, the heating and heat preservation time is 1 hour, and the deformation is controlled to be 85 percent;
(3) and (3) carrying out combined shape heating treatment on the copper alloy cast ingot subjected to plastic deformation in the step (2) to obtain the rare earth alloyed high-conductivity copper material for the casting roller.
In the step (3), the combined deformation heat treatment consists of solution treatment, cold deformation treatment and aging treatment which are sequentially carried out; the solution treatment is to keep the temperature of 900 ℃ for 1 hour under the protection of nitrogen (the copper alloy cast ingot is put into a tubular furnace protected by nitrogen, the temperature is raised to 900 ℃ along with the furnace, and the temperature is kept for 1 hour), and then the copper alloy cast ingot is transferred into water to be cooled, and the transfer time is 4 seconds; the cold deformation amount is 85%; and the aging treatment comprises the steps of preserving heat at 450 ℃ for 2 hours under the protection of nitrogen, then cooling in air to room temperature (placing the copper alloy ingot after the cold deformation treatment into a tubular furnace protected by nitrogen, heating to 450 ℃ along with the furnace, preserving heat for 2 hours, then taking the copper alloy ingot out of the tubular furnace, and cooling to room temperature in air).
Example 3
In the embodiment, the rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for the casting roller comprises the following components in parts by weight: be 0.4%, Co 1.2%, Zr 0.15%, Yb 0.08%, trace impurity elements O5 ppm, S5 ppm, H3 ppm, and the balance Cu.
The preparation method of the rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for the casting roller comprises the following steps:
(1) adding raw materials into a smelting furnace according to the proportion of Cu, Be, Co, Zr and Yb, wherein Yb is finally added in a copper foil wrapping mode (in the raw materials, Be is added in the form of intermediate alloy Cu-Be, Co is added in the form of pure cobalt, Zr is added in the form of intermediate alloy Cu-Zr, Yb is added in the form of copper foil wrapping metal yttrium, Cu is added in the form of high-purity electrolytic copper (the adding amount of the high-purity electrolytic copper is calculated according to the total content of Cu in the rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for casting rolls by subtracting the copper content contained in the intermediate alloy Cu-Be, the intermediate alloy Cu-Zr and the copper foil);
smelting under vacuum condition (vacuum degree is kept at 10 during smelting process)-3Pa below), the smelting temperature is controlled at 1200 ℃, and the smelting time is controlled at 30 minutes; in the smelting process, the uniformity of the melt is ensured by electromagnetic stirring and mechanical stirring, and the content of trace impurity elements is accurately controlled (referring to fig. 1, the electromagnetic stirring is implemented by an electromagnetic stirrer 2 arranged around the smelting furnace 1, and the mechanical stirring is implemented by a graphite stirrer 3 applied to the middle of the melt 4 in the smelting furnace 1);
referring to fig. 1, then, the melt 4 in the smelting furnace 1 horizontally flows out from an outlet at the bottom of the smelting furnace 2 and flows into a casting mold 7 for casting molding (the casting temperature is 1150 ℃), the melt is gradually solidified through the cooling effect of a copper cooling jacket 6 arranged around the casting mold 7, and the grain refinement effect is realized by applying ultrasonic vibration to the bottom of the casting mold 7 in the solidification process (ultrasonic vibration is applied to the bottom of the casting mold 7 by an ultrasonic transducer 5 in the solidification process, and the applied ultrasonic frequency is 40 KHz), so that a copper alloy ingot is obtained (the obtained copper alloy ingot has a uniform equiaxial crystal structure);
(2) performing plastic deformation on the copper alloy cast ingot obtained in the step (1);
in the step (2), the plastic deformation is thermal deformation (copper alloy cast ingot is rolled by a rolling mill), the thermal deformation temperature is controlled at 830 ℃, the heating and heat preservation time is 0.7 hour, and the deformation is controlled at 75 percent;
(3) and (3) carrying out combined shape heating treatment on the copper alloy cast ingot subjected to plastic deformation in the step (2) to obtain the rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for the casting roller.
In the step (3), the combined deformation heat treatment consists of solution treatment, cold deformation treatment and aging treatment which are sequentially carried out; the solution treatment is to keep the temperature at 850 ℃ for 3 hours under the protection of nitrogen (the copper alloy ingot is put into a tubular furnace under the protection of nitrogen, heated to 850 ℃ along with the furnace, kept for 3 hours), and then transferred into water for cooling, wherein the transfer time is 5 seconds; the deformation amount of cold deformation is 75%; and the aging treatment is to keep the temperature at 320 ℃ for 8 hours under the protection of inert gas, then cool the copper alloy ingot to room temperature in air (the copper alloy ingot after the cold deformation treatment is put into a tube furnace protected by nitrogen to be heated to 320 ℃ along with the furnace, keep the temperature for 8 hours, then take the copper alloy ingot out of the tube furnace, and cool the copper alloy ingot to room temperature in air).
Examples of the experiments
The copper alloys of examples 1 to 3 were subjected to electric conductivity, thermal conductivity, room temperature tensile strength and 400 ℃ high temperature tensile strength tests, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Item | Electrical conductivity (% IACS) | Thermal conductivity W/(m.K) | Tensile strength at room temperature (MPa) | Tensile strength at 400 ℃ at high temperature (MPa) |
| Example 1 | 81.3 | 315.2 | 642.8 | 338.1 |
| Example 2 | 83.7 | 321.9 | 631.5 | 320.3 |
| Example 3 | 80.5 | 307.4 | 650.8 | 347.0 |
Claims (10)
1. The rare earth alloyed high-conductivity copper material for the casting roller is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: be 0.2-0.4%, Co 1.0-1.2%, Zr 0.12-0.15%, Y or Yb 0.05-0.08%, trace impurity element O content less than or equal to 5ppm, S content less than or equal to 5ppm, H content less than or equal to 3ppm, and the balance of Cu;
the rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for the casting roll has the advantages that the electric conductivity is more than or equal to 80% IACS, the heat conductivity is more than or equal to 300W/(m.K), the room-temperature tensile strength is more than or equal to 630MPa, and the high-temperature tensile strength at 400 ℃ is more than or equal to 320 MPa.
2. The method for preparing a rare earth alloyed high-conductivity copper material for casting rolls as recited in claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) adding the raw materials into a smelting furnace according to the proportion of Cu, Be, Co, Zr and Y or Yb, wherein the Y or Yb is added finally by adopting a copper foil wrapping mode; smelting under the vacuum or gas protection condition, wherein the smelting temperature is controlled to 1150-; in the smelting process, the uniformity of the melt is ensured through electromagnetic stirring and mechanical stirring, and the content of trace impurity elements is accurately controlled;
then enabling the melt to flow into a casting mold for casting molding, enabling the melt to be gradually solidified through the cooling effect of a copper cooling sleeve arranged around the casting mold, and realizing a grain refining effect by applying ultrasonic vibration to the bottom of the casting mold in the solidification process to obtain a copper alloy ingot;
(2) performing plastic deformation on the copper alloy cast ingot obtained in the step (1);
(3) and (3) carrying out combined shape heating treatment on the copper alloy cast ingot subjected to plastic deformation in the step (2) to obtain the rare earth alloying high-conductivity copper material for the casting roller.
3. The method for preparing a rare earth alloyed high-conductivity copper material for casting rolls as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: in the case of melting under vacuum in step (1), the degree of vacuum during melting was maintained at 10-3Pa or less.
4. The method for preparing a rare earth alloyed high-conductivity copper material for casting rolls as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (1), the electromagnetic stirring is performed by an electromagnetic stirrer disposed around the melting furnace, and the mechanical stirring is performed by a graphite stirrer applied to the middle of the melt in the melting furnace.
5. The method for preparing a rare earth alloyed high-conductivity copper material for casting rolls as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (1), the casting temperature is 1100-1200 ℃.
6. The method for preparing a rare earth alloyed high-conductivity copper material for casting rolls as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: and (2) applying ultrasonic vibration to the bottom of the casting mold by using an ultrasonic transducer in the solidification process in the step (1), wherein the applied ultrasonic frequency is 20-50 KHz.
7. The method for preparing a rare earth alloyed high-conductivity copper material for casting rolls as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (2), the plastic deformation is forging, extruding or rolling.
8. The method for producing a rare earth alloyed high-conductivity copper material for casting rolls as claimed in claim 2 or 7, characterized in that: in the step (2), the plastic deformation is thermal deformation, the thermal deformation is 750-870 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5-1.0 hour, and the deformation amount is 75-95%.
9. The method for preparing a rare earth alloyed high-conductivity copper material for casting rolls as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (3), the combined deformation heat treatment is composed of solution treatment, cold deformation treatment and aging treatment which are sequentially carried out.
10. The method for producing a rare earth alloyed high-conductivity copper material for casting rolls according to claim 9, characterized in that: in the step (3), the solution treatment is that the temperature is preserved for 0.15 to 3 hours at 850-950 ℃ under the protection of inert gas, and then the solution is transferred to water for cooling, wherein the transfer time is 3 to 5 seconds; the deformation of cold deformation is 50-90%; the aging treatment is to preserve heat for 0.5 to 8 hours at the temperature of 320-550 ℃ under the protection of inert gas, and then air-cool the mixture to room temperature.
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