CN113136213A - Soil stabilizer prepared from bauxite tailings - Google Patents
Soil stabilizer prepared from bauxite tailings Download PDFInfo
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- CN113136213A CN113136213A CN202110433718.XA CN202110433718A CN113136213A CN 113136213 A CN113136213 A CN 113136213A CN 202110433718 A CN202110433718 A CN 202110433718A CN 113136213 A CN113136213 A CN 113136213A
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil stabilizer prepared by bauxite tailings, which comprises a powder component and a liquid component: the powder component is prepared from 20-60% of bauxite tailings, 20-70% of calcareous excitant and 0-40% of auxiliary reinforcing agent, wherein the percentages are effective dry mass percentages of the raw materials, and the total is 100%; the liquid component is prepared from polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol and water according to the proportion of 1: 100. The invention greatly utilizes the industrial solid wastes such as the bauxite tailings and the like, increases the utilization rate of the industrial solid wastes, conforms to the industrial policies of energy conservation, emission reduction and green development in China, and has wide and profound significance on the resource utilization of the industrial solid wastes. The bauxite tailing base soil curing agent prepared by the invention can replace cement and lime to be applied to the treatment of road bed improvement, has the advantages of calcination avoidance, energy conservation, environmental protection and the like, has obvious price advantage compared with the cement and lime, and plays a positive promoting role in the resource utilization of industrial solid wastes such as bauxite tailing and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an industrial solid waste comprehensive utilization technology, in particular to a soil stabilizer prepared by bauxite tailings.
Background
The separation of diaspore and kaolin can be solved while impurities are removed in the bauxite beneficiation, tailings which are about 20% -30% of the raw ore mass, namely the bauxite beneficiation tailings, are produced in the process, wherein except a small part of unseparated diaspore, the bauxite beneficiation tailings mainly contain kaolin minerals, and chemical components of the bauxite beneficiation tailings comprise alumina (35% -50%) and silica (31% -46%). The generation and accumulation of the tailings waste a large amount of resources, increase the burden of enterprises and cause harm to the environment and the society.
The aluminum industry in China is developed, about 7283 ten thousand tons of alumina is produced in 2019, about 1821 ten thousand tons of tailings are produced at the same time, and the huge bauxite tailing deposit amount is visible. There are many problems with the stockpiling of bauxite tailings: (1) bauxite tailings are difficult to accumulate, and because the tailings are small in granularity, slow in sedimentation and low in viscosity, slurry can be formed in heavy rainy days, flows to a low potential energy area and cannot be piled, and raised sand is easy to generate in heavy wind to pollute the surrounding air environment, so that burdens and difficulties are brought to enterprises; (2) in the process of flowing away and stockpiling the bauxite tailings, harmful elements and beneficiation residual agents contained in the tailings can permeate to the periphery, so that the environment pollution is caused, and the sustainable development is not facilitated. The disposal of bauxite tailings has become one of the key problems limiting the development of bauxite beneficiation. At present, many bauxite tailings of aluminum plants are piled up like a mountain. With the increasing stockpiling amount of the tailings and the increasing pollution to the environment, the utilization rate is low, and the storage cost is high. Therefore, the maximum resource utilization of the bauxite tailings is not slow.
However, in the field of road engineering construction, the soil improvement and treatment is generally carried out by doping the soil with curing materials such as cement, lime and the like so as to improve the engineering performance of the soil. Because the production of cement, lime needs to exploit a large amount of clay, limestone, etc., this can consume a large amount of energy, causes soil erosion and ecological unbalance, aggravates the natural environment and worsens, seriously goes against the ecological environment protection theory that the country advocated.
Based on this, how to utilize the industrial solid wastes such as the bauxite tailings and the like produced in large quantities as resources to replace cement, lime and the like for the treatment of roadbed improvement has become an effort for those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil curing agent prepared by using bauxite tailings, and provides a feasible resource utilization way for bulk industrial solid wastes such as the bauxite tailings and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention can adopt the following technical scheme:
the soil stabilizer prepared by using the bauxite tailings comprises a powder component and a liquid component; the powder component is prepared from 20-60% of bauxite tailings as raw materials, 20-70% of calcareous excitant and 0-40% of auxiliary reinforcing agent, wherein the percentages are effective dry mass percentages of the raw materials, and the total is 100%; the liquid component is prepared from polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol and water according to the proportion of 1: 100.
When in use, the proportion of the raw materials can be properly adjusted according to the soil property:
for example, the powder is prepared from 40-60% of bauxite tailings, 20-30% of calcareous excitant and 20-40% of auxiliary reinforcing agent.
For example, when the powder is used in soil with high plasticity index such as clay soil, organic soil, expansive soil and the like, the powder component is prepared from 20-40% of bauxite tailings, 30-70% of calcareous excitant and 0-20% of auxiliary reinforcing agent.
The bauxite tailings used in the powder component are tailings produced in the bauxite beneficiation process, the pH value of the tailings is more than 8, and Al is more than2O3The content is more than 25 percent; the used calcareous excitant comprises one or a mixture of more than two of quick lime, slaked lime, carbide slag, calcium chloride and calcium nitrate, can provide a large amount of calcium ions and participates in the hydration gelling reaction of tailings; the auxiliary reinforcing agent is one or a mixture of more than two of steel slag powder, blast furnace granulated slag powder and general portland cement, and can generate a synergistic hydration reaction with tailings, so that the integrity, the strength and the water erosion resistance of a soil body are further improved.
In the liquid component, polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol is prepared from polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol according to a mass ratio of 20-5: 1, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol is 17-92, the dissolving temperature in water is 75-80 ℃, and the relative molecular mass of the polyethylene glycol is 2000-4000.
The invention discloses a method for preparing a soil stabilizer by using bauxite tailings, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, respectively drying bauxite tailings, a calcareous excitant and an auxiliary reinforcing agent in powder components until the water content is less than 0.5 percent, and grinding the bauxite tailings to the fineness of more than 300 meshes;
secondly, performing indoor tests according to the properties of the constructed roadbed soil to determine the optimal test proportion;
thirdly, according to the optimal proportion obtained by the test, uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain a bauxite tailing base soil curing agent powder component, and sealing, packaging and storing;
fourthly, adding the mixture of polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol in a mass ratio of 20-5: 1 into hot water at the temperature of 95 ℃, wherein the mass ratio of the mixture to the water is 1:100, obtaining a transparent and uniform liquid component without impurity particles after the mixture is fully dissolved, cooling to room temperature, and then barreling, sealing and storing.
When the soil stabilizer is used as a soil stabilizer, the mixing amount of the powder component is 3-10% of the base soil, and the mixing amount of the liquid component is 0.2-1% of the base soil.
The method has the advantages that a large amount of industrial solid wastes such as bauxite tailings and the like are utilized, the utilization rate of the industrial solid wastes is increased, the industrial policies of energy conservation, emission reduction and green development in China are met, and the method has wide and profound significance for the resource utilization of the industrial solid wastes.
The bauxite tailing base soil curing agent prepared by the invention can replace cement and lime to be applied to the treatment of road bed improvement, has the advantages of calcination avoidance, energy conservation, environmental protection and the like, has obvious price advantage compared with the cement and lime, and plays a positive promoting role in the resource utilization of industrial solid wastes such as bauxite tailing and the like.
The bauxite dressing tailing base soil curing agent prepared by the invention can properly adjust the component proportion according to the property of base soil, has good adaptability with various soils and has good road performance. The raw material is industrial solid waste, the cost is low, the source is wide, and the economic performance and the environmental protection performance are good. The material can replace the traditional cement, lime and the like in highway engineering for road bed treatment, and has wide application prospect.
When the soil curing agent liquid component is prepared, the polyvinyl alcohol is selected from the polyvinyl alcohol 17-92 with high dissolution temperature, so that the polyvinyl alcohol is ensured to be easily dissolved in hot water and insoluble in a cold water environment, the film forming effect can be ensured, and the water erosion resistance of the cured soil can be improved. The polyethylene glycol has the function of a surfactant and can ensure that the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution generates agglomeration, precipitation and the like in the process of diluting with cold water.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in more detail below with reference to specific examples to facilitate understanding for those skilled in the art.
The following examples are given for the purpose of illustrating the present invention clearly and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other variations and modifications can be made in the invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and it is intended to cover all such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the invention.
To be noted: the raw materials used in the invention, such as quicklime, slaked lime, carbide slag, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, steel slag powder, blast furnace granulated slag powder, general portland cement and the like, can be directly purchased.
The soil tested by the embodiment of the invention is silt, belongs to low liquid limit silt, has poor water stability, cannot be consolidated and cannot be directly used as roadbed filling. The properties of the soil are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 soil Performance parameters
EXAMPLE 1 preparation of No. 1 bauxite tailing base soil stabilizer
Powder components: drying three raw materials of bauxite tailings, lime and steel slag respectively to enable the water content to be less than 0.5%, and then grinding the dried raw materials to be more than 300 meshes of fineness; weighing 60% of bauxite tailings, 30% of lime and 10% of steel slag in percentage by weight, and uniformly mixing the components to obtain a bauxite tailings base soil curing agent powder component; the powder mixing amount is 4 percent of the base soil.
Liquid components: the preparation method comprises the steps of adding a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol into hot water with the temperature of more than 95 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 20:1 to the polyvinyl alcohol of 17-92 and the relative molecular mass of the polyethylene glycol of 2000-4000, fully dissolving the mixture to the water according to the mass ratio of 1:100 to obtain a transparent and uniform liquid component without impurity particles, cooling to room temperature, determining the dilution ratio of the liquid component according to the optimal water content of the mixed soil and the mixing amount of the liquid component, and adding water to dilute the liquid component. The mixing amount of the liquid component is 0.2 percent of the base soil.
Example 2 preparation of 2# bauxite tailings-based soil stabilizer
Powder components: drying three raw materials of bauxite tailings, slaked lime and slag powder respectively to enable the water content to be less than 0.5%, and then grinding to the fineness of more than 300 meshes; weighing 40% of bauxite tailings, 20% of slaked lime and 40% of slag powder in percentage by weight, and uniformly mixing the components to obtain a bauxite tailings base soil stabilizer powder component; the powder mixing amount is 4 percent of the base soil.
Liquid components: the preparation method comprises the steps of adding a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol into hot water with the temperature of over 95 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 10:1, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol is 17-92, the relative molecular mass of polyethylene glycol is 2000-4000, fully dissolving the mixture of polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol to obtain a transparent and uniform liquid component without impurity particles, cooling to room temperature, determining the dilution ratio of the liquid component according to the optimal water content of mixed soil and the mixing amount of the liquid component, and adding water to dilute the liquid component. The mixing amount of the liquid component is 0.5 percent of the base soil.
Example 3 preparation of 3# bauxite tailing base soil stabilizer
Powder components: respectively drying the bauxite tailings, the carbide slag and the slag powder to ensure that the water content is less than 0.5 percent, grinding the bauxite tailings, the carbide slag and the slag powder to be more than 300 meshes, weighing the bauxite tailings, the carbide slag and the slag powder according to the weight percentage of 20 percent of the bauxite tailings, 70 percent of the carbide slag and 10 percent of the slag powder, and uniformly mixing the components to obtain a bauxite tailings base soil curing agent powder component; the powder mixing amount is 4 percent of the base soil.
Liquid components: the preparation method comprises the steps of adding a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol into hot water with the temperature of over 95 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 5:1 to the polyvinyl alcohol of 17-92 and the relative molecular mass of the polyethylene glycol of 2000-4000, fully dissolving the mixture and the water according to the mass ratio of 1:100 to obtain a transparent and uniform liquid component without impurity particles, cooling to room temperature, determining the dilution ratio of the liquid component according to the optimal water content of the mixed soil and the mixing amount of the liquid component, and adding water to dilute the liquid component. The mixing amount of the liquid component is 1 percent of the base soil.
Example 4 preparation of No. 4 bauxite tailing base soil stabilizer
Powder components: respectively drying the bauxite tailings, the calcium chloride and the slag powder to ensure that the water content is less than 0.5 percent, grinding the bauxite tailings, the calcium chloride and the slag powder to be more than 300 meshes of fineness, weighing the bauxite tailings, the calcium chloride and the slag powder according to the weight percentage of 40 percent, the calcium chloride and the slag powder to be 20 percent, and uniformly mixing the components to obtain the bauxite tailings-based soil curing agent powder component. The powder mixing amount is 4 percent of the base soil.
Liquid components: the same as in example 1. The mixing amount of the liquid component is 0.5 percent of the base soil.
Example 5 preparation of No. 5 bauxite tailing base soil stabilizer
Powder components: drying the bauxite tailings and the carbide slag respectively until the water content is less than 0.5 percent, grinding the bauxite tailings and the carbide slag to be more than 300 meshes, weighing the bauxite tailings and the carbide slag according to the weight percentage of 40 percent and 60 percent, and uniformly mixing the bauxite tailings and the carbide slag to obtain the bauxite tailings base soil curing agent powder component. The powder mixing amount is 4 percent of the base soil.
Liquid components: the same as in example 1. The mixing amount of the liquid component is 1 percent of the base soil.
Example 6 preparation of No. 6 bauxite tailings-based soil firming agent
Powder components: respectively drying the bauxite tailings, the carbide slag and the steel slag to ensure that the water content is less than 0.5 percent, grinding the bauxite tailings, the carbide slag and the steel slag to be more than 300 meshes, weighing the bauxite tailings, the carbide slag and the steel slag according to the weight percentage of 60 percent, 30 percent and 10 percent, and uniformly mixing the components to obtain the bauxite tailings-based soil curing agent powder component. The powder mixing amount is 6 percent of the base soil.
Liquid components: the same as in example 1. The mixing amount of the liquid component is 0.2 percent of the base soil.
Example 7 preparation of 7# bauxite tailing base soil stabilizer
Powder components: respectively drying the bauxite tailings, the carbide slag and the steel slag to ensure that the water content is less than 0.5 percent, grinding the bauxite tailings, the carbide slag and the steel slag to be more than 300 meshes, weighing the bauxite tailings, the carbide slag and the steel slag according to the weight percentage of 60 percent, 30 percent and 10 percent, and uniformly mixing the components to obtain the bauxite tailings-based soil curing agent powder component. The mixing amount of the powder is 8 percent of the base soil.
Liquid components: the same as in example 1. The mixing amount of the liquid component is 0.2 percent of the base soil.
EXAMPLE 8 preparation of No. 8 bauxite tailing base soil stabilizer
Powder components: the same as in example 7. The powder mixing amount is 10 percent of the base soil.
Liquid components: the same as in example 1. The mixing amount of the liquid component is 0.2 percent of the base soil.
In order to illustrate the outstanding effects of the examples of the present application by comparison, three additional comparative examples are added below.
Comparative example 1
Doping P.O 42.5.5 cement with the concentration of 4% in the soil, and measuring the optimal water content of the mixture; adding water into the mixture with the optimal water content, uniformly mixing, compacting, forming, maintaining according to a test method, and detecting the mechanical property of the solidified soil after the soil is aged.
Comparative example 2
Only the powder component of the bauxite tailing-based soil solidifying agent prepared in example 7 was used. The powder mixing amount is 4 percent of the base soil.
Comparative example 3
Only the liquid component of the bauxite tailing based soil solidifying agent prepared in example 7 was used. The mixing amount of the liquid component is 0.2 percent of the base soil.
According to a test method in JTGE51-2009 test regulations for inorganic binder stabilizing materials for highway engineering, the No. 1-8 bauxite tailings-based soil curing agent prepared in examples 1-8 of the invention and comparative examples 1-3 are tested, and the compressive strength of the cured soil without lateral pressure is tested for 7d (after the cured soil test piece is formed, the cured soil test piece is cured for 6d under the condition that the humidity is 95%, then the cured soil test piece is soaked in clear water for 24h, and then the compressive strength of the cured soil test piece without lateral pressure is tested for 7d by a press machine). The mechanical property detection results of the solidified soil are shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2 mechanical Properties of solidified soil
As can be seen from the test data in Table 2, for stabilized silt, the unconfined compressive strength of the solidified soil 7d in the examples 1-8 # is better than that of the common Portland P.O42.5 cement, and the combined action of the powder component and the liquid component is far better than that of the single component.
Claims (7)
1. A soil stabilizer prepared by bauxite tailings is characterized in that: comprises a powder component and a liquid component; the powder component is prepared from 20-60% of bauxite tailings as raw materials, 20-70% of a calcareous excitant and 0-40% of an auxiliary reinforcing agent, and the liquid component is prepared from polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol and water according to a ratio of 1: 100.
2. The soil stabilizer prepared from bauxite tailings according to claim 1, wherein: the powder component is prepared from 40-60% of bauxite tailings, 20-30% of calcareous excitant and 20-40% of auxiliary reinforcing agent.
3. The soil stabilizer prepared from bauxite tailings according to claim 1, wherein: the powder component is prepared from 20-40% of bauxite tailings, 30-70% of calcareous excitant and 0-20% of auxiliary reinforcing agent.
4. The soil stabilizer prepared by using the bauxite tailings according to the claim 1, 2 or 3, which is characterized in that: the bauxite tailings in the powder component are tailings produced in the bauxite beneficiation process, the pH value of the tailings is more than 8, and Al is contained2O3The content is more than 25 percent; the calcareous excitant comprises one or more of quicklime, slaked lime, carbide slag, calcium chloride and calcium nitrate; the above-mentionedThe auxiliary reinforcing agent is one or a mixture of more than two of steel slag powder, blast furnace granulated slag powder and general portland cement.
5. The soil stabilizer prepared by using the bauxite tailings according to the claim 1, 2 or 3, which is characterized in that: the liquid component is prepared from polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol according to a mass ratio of 20-5: 1.
6. The soil stabilizer prepared from bauxite tailings according to claim 5, wherein: the polyvinyl alcohol is 17-92 of polyvinyl alcohol with the dissolving temperature of 75-80 ℃.
7. A method of preparing the soil stabilizer of claim 1, 2 or 3, comprising the steps of:
firstly, respectively drying bauxite tailings, a calcareous excitant and an auxiliary reinforcing agent in powder components until the water content is less than 0.5 percent, and grinding the bauxite tailings to the fineness of more than 300 meshes;
secondly, performing indoor tests according to the properties of the constructed roadbed soil to determine the optimal test proportion;
thirdly, uniformly mixing the raw materials according to the optimal proportion obtained by the test to obtain a bauxite tailing base soil curing agent powder component, and sealing, packaging and storing;
fourthly, adding the mixture of polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol in a mass ratio of 20-5: 1 into hot water at the temperature of 95 ℃, wherein the mass ratio of the mixture to the water is 1:100, obtaining a transparent liquid component after the mixture is fully dissolved, cooling to room temperature, and then barreling and sealing for storage.
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Cited By (2)
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